1
|
Averbeck NB, Ringel O, Herrlitz M, Jakob B, Durante M, Taucher-Scholz G. DNA end resection is needed for the repair of complex lesions in G1-phase human cells. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:2509-16. [PMID: 25486192 PMCID: PMC4615131 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2015.941743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) is influenced by the chemical complexity of the lesion. Clustered lesions (complex DSBs) are generally considered more difficult to repair and responsible for early and late cellular effects after exposure to genotoxic agents. Resection is commonly used by the cells as part of the homologous recombination (HR) pathway in S- and G2-phase. In contrast, DNA resection in G1-phase may lead to an error-prone microhomology-mediated end joining. We induced DNA lesions with a wide range of complexity by irradiation of mammalian cells with X-rays or accelerated ions of different velocity and mass. We found replication protein A (RPA) foci indicating DSB resection both in S/G2- and G1-cells, and the fraction of resection-positive cells correlates with the severity of lesion complexity throughout the cell cycle. Besides RPA, Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) was recruited to complex DSBs both in S/G2- and G1-cells. Resection of complex DSBs is driven by meiotic recombination 11 homolog A (MRE11), CTBP-interacting protein (CtIP), and exonuclease 1 (EXO1) but seems not controlled by the Ku heterodimer or by phosphorylation of H2AX. Reduced resection capacity by CtIP depletion increased cell killing and the fraction of unrepaired DSBs after exposure to densely ionizing heavy ions, but not to X-rays. We conclude that in mammalian cells resection is essential for repair of complex DSBs in all phases of the cell-cycle and targeting this process sensitizes mammalian cells to cytotoxic agents inducing clustered breaks, such as in heavy-ion cancer therapy.
Collapse
Key Words
- ATM, Ataxia telangiectasia mutated
- ATR, Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related
- BLM, Bloom syndrome protein
- BRCA1, breast cancer 1, early onset
- CENP-F, centromere protein F
- CtIP
- CtIP, CTBP-interacting protein
- DAPI, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DSB, double strand break
- EXO1
- EXO1, exonuclease 1
- FCS, fetal calf serum
- HR, homologous recombination
- IR, ionizing radiation
- LET, linear energy transfer
- MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblasts
- MMEJ, microhomology-mediated end joining
- MRE11
- MRE11, meiotic recombination 11 homolog A
- NHEJ, none homologous end joining
- PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
- RAD51, DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1
- RPA, replication protein A
- WRN, Werner syndrome
- complex DNA damage
- double-strand break repair
- kd, knockdown
- resection in G1-phase
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- ssDNA, single stranded DNA
- wt, wild-type
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole B Averbeck
- Department of Biophysics; GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH; Planckstraße 1; Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Oliver Ringel
- Department of Biophysics; GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH; Planckstraße 1; Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Maren Herrlitz
- Department of Biophysics; GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH; Planckstraße 1; Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Burkhard Jakob
- Department of Biophysics; GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH; Planckstraße 1; Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Marco Durante
- Department of Biophysics; GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH; Planckstraße 1; Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gisela Taucher-Scholz
- Department of Biophysics; GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH; Planckstraße 1; Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Biology; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bleicher M, Burigo L, Durante M, Herrlitz M, Krämer M, Mishustin I, Müller I, Natale F, Pshenichnov I, Schramm S, Taucher-Scholz G, Wälzlein C. Nanolesions induced by heavy ions in human tissues: Experimental and theoretical studies. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2012; 3:556-563. [PMID: 23019551 PMCID: PMC3458601 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.3.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The biological effects of energetic heavy ions are attracting increasing interest for their applications in cancer therapy and protection against space radiation. The cascade of events leading to cell death or late effects starts from stochastic energy deposition on the nanometer scale and the corresponding lesions in biological molecules, primarily DNA. We have developed experimental techniques to visualize DNA nanolesions induced by heavy ions. Nanolesions appear in cells as "streaks" which can be visualized by using different DNA repair markers. We have studied the kinetics of repair of these "streaks" also with respect to the chromatin conformation. Initial steps in the modeling of the energy deposition patterns at the micrometer and nanometer scale were made with MCHIT and TRAX models, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Bleicher
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lucas Burigo
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marco Durante
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstr. 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Maren Herrlitz
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstr. 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Krämer
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Igor Mishustin
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Iris Müller
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Francesco Natale
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Igor Pshenichnov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 7a, 60th October Anniversary prospect, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - Stefan Schramm
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Center for Scientific Computing, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gisela Taucher-Scholz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Cathrin Wälzlein
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstr. 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|