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Katsiari M, Mavroidi A, Kesesidis N, Palla E, Zourla K, Ntorlis K, Konstantinidis K, Laskou M, Strigklis K, Sakkalis A, Nikolaou C, Platsouka ED, Karakasiliotis I, Vrioni G, Tsakris A. Emergence of Clonally-Related South Asian Clade I Clinical Isolates of Candida auris in a Greek COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020243. [PMID: 36836357 PMCID: PMC9964037 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida auris has recently emerged as a multidrug-resistant yeast implicated in various healthcare-associated invasive infections and hospital outbreaks. In the current study, we report the first five intensive care unit (ICU) cases affected by C. auris isolates in Greece, during October 2020-January 2022. The ICU of the hospital was converted to a COVID-19 unit on 25 February 2021, during the third wave of COVID-19 in Greece. Identification of the isolates was confirmed by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF]. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by the EUCAST broth microdilution method. Based on the tentative CDC MIC breakpoints, all five C. auris isolates were resistant to fluconazole (≥32 μg/mL), while three of them exhibited resistance to amphotericin B (≥2 μg/mL). The environmental screening also revealed the dissemination of C. auris in the ICU. Molecular characterization of C. auris clinical and environmental isolates was performed by MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST) of a set of four genetic loci, namely ITS, D1/D2, RPB1 and RPB2, encoding for the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the ribosomal subunit, the large ribosomal subunit region and the RNA polymerase II largest subunit, respectively. MLST analysis showed that all isolates possessed identical sequences in the four genetic loci and clustered with the South Asian clade I strains. Additionally, PCR amplification and sequencing of the CJJ09_001802 genetic locus, encoding for the "nucleolar protein 58" that contains clade-specific repeats was performed. Sanger sequence analysis of the TCCTTCTTC repeats within CJJ09_001802 locus also assigned the C. auris isolates to the South Asian clade I. Our study confirms that C. auris is an emerging yeast pathogen in our region, especially in the setting of the ongoing COVID-19 worldwide pandemic. Adherence to strict infection control is needed to restrain further spread of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Katsiari
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio-Patission General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Mavroidi
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kesesidis
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Palla
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Zourla
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Ntorlis
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio-Patission General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Konstantinidis
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Laskou
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio-Patission General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anastasios Sakkalis
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio-Patission General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Charikleia Nikolaou
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio-Patission General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia D. Platsouka
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Karakasiliotis
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgia Vrioni
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 MikrasAsias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Tsakris
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 MikrasAsias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-7462011
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Katsiari M, Mavroidi A, Palla E, Zourla K, Alonistiotis T, Ntorlis K, Nikolaou C, Vrioni G, Tsakris A. Possible COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis Due to Aspergillus niger in Greece. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:300. [PMID: 35326764 PMCID: PMC8944507 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes direct damage to the pulmonary epithelium, enabling Aspergillus invasion. Rapid progression and high mortality of invasive aspergillosis have been reported. In the present study, we report a rare case of possible COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) caused by A. niger in a Greek patient. Diagnosis was based on ECMM/ISHAM specific criteria and the new algorithm “BM-AspICU” for the invasive pulmonary aspergillosis diagnostic strategy. The fungal isolate was recovered in a non-bronchoalveolar lavage (non-BAL) sample and its identification was performed by standard macroscopic and microscopic morphological studies. MALDI-TOF analysis confirmed the identification of A. niger. In addition, galactomannan antigen and Aspergillus real-time PCR testing were positive in the non-BAL sample, while in serum they proved negative. The A. niger isolate showed an MIC for fluconazole ≥128 μg/mL, for itraconazole and posaconazole 0.25 μg/mL, for voriconazole 0.5 μg/mL, for flucytosine 4 μg/mL, for amphotericin B 1 μg/mL, and for all echinocandins (caspofungin, anidulafungin, micafungin) >8 μg/mL. The patient was initially treated with voriconazole; amphotericin B was subsequently added, when a significant progression of cavitation was demonstrated on chest computed tomography. A. niger was not isolated in subsequent samples and the patient’s unfavorable outcome was attributed to septic shock caused by a pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Katsiari
- Intensive Care Medicine, General Hospital of N. Ionia Konstantopouleio-Patission, 14233 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (T.A.); (K.N.); (C.N.)
| | - Angeliki Mavroidi
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of N. Ionia Konstantopouleio-Patission, 14233 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.P.); (K.Z.)
| | - Eleftheria Palla
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of N. Ionia Konstantopouleio-Patission, 14233 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.P.); (K.Z.)
| | - Konstantina Zourla
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of N. Ionia Konstantopouleio-Patission, 14233 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.P.); (K.Z.)
| | - Theodoros Alonistiotis
- Intensive Care Medicine, General Hospital of N. Ionia Konstantopouleio-Patission, 14233 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (T.A.); (K.N.); (C.N.)
| | - Kyriakos Ntorlis
- Intensive Care Medicine, General Hospital of N. Ionia Konstantopouleio-Patission, 14233 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (T.A.); (K.N.); (C.N.)
| | - Charikleia Nikolaou
- Intensive Care Medicine, General Hospital of N. Ionia Konstantopouleio-Patission, 14233 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (T.A.); (K.N.); (C.N.)
| | - Georgia Vrioni
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Tsakris
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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Mavroidi A, Katsiari M, Likousi S, Palla E, Roussou Z, Nikolaou C, Mathas C, Merkouri E, Platsouka ED. Changing Characteristics and In Vitro Susceptibility to Ceftazidime/Avibactam of Bloodstream Extensively Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from a Greek Intensive Care Unit. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 26:28-37. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Mavroidi
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission, General Hospital of N. Ionias, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Katsiari
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio-Patission, General Hospital of N. Ionias, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Likousi
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission, General Hospital of N. Ionias, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Palla
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission, General Hospital of N. Ionias, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Roussou
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission, General Hospital of N. Ionias, Athens, Greece
| | - Charikleia Nikolaou
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio-Patission, General Hospital of N. Ionias, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Mathas
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio-Patission, General Hospital of N. Ionias, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Merkouri
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission, General Hospital of N. Ionias, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia D. Platsouka
- Department of Microbiology, Konstantopouleio-Patission, General Hospital of N. Ionias, Athens, Greece
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Mavroidi A, Katsiari M, Palla E, Likousi S, Roussou Z, Nikolaou C, Platsouka ED. Investigation of Extensively Drug-Resistant blaOXA-23-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Spread in a Greek Hospital. Microb Drug Resist 2017; 23:488-493. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2016.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Mavroidi
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Katsiari
- Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens Greece
| | - Eleftheria Palla
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Likousi
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Roussou
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Charikleia Nikolaou
- Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens Greece
| | - Evangelia D. Platsouka
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
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Koutsoukou A, Katsiari M, Orfanos S, Rovina N, Dimitrakopoulou C, Kotanidou A, Koutsoukou A. ARDS in Aged Patients: Respiratory System Mechanics and Outcome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.21767/1791-809x.1000498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mavroidi A, Katsiari M, Likousi S, Palla E, Roussou Z, Nikolaou C, Maguina A, Platsouka ED. Characterization of ST258 Colistin-Resistant, blaKPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Greek Hospital. Microb Drug Resist 2016; 22:392-8. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2015.0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Mavroidi
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Katsiari
- Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nea Ionia “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Likousi
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Palla
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Roussou
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Charikleia Nikolaou
- Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nea Ionia “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Asimina Maguina
- Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nea Ionia “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia D. Platsouka
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia “Konstantopouleio-Patission,” Athens, Greece
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Abstract
Tigecycline has a broad-spectrum in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. However, some Gram-negative bacteria are intrinsically resistant or have reduced susceptibility to tigecycline. We performed a prospective, observational study of 43 patients who received tigecycline as the treatment for serious infections due to MDR Gram-negative microorganisms, to evaluate superinfections. In 60.5% of our patients, tigecycline-resistant (T-R) Gram-negative microorganisms were isolated, representing superinfection in 37.2% and colonization in 23.5%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the predominant pathogen (48.4%) followed by Providencia stuartii, Proteus mirabilis and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Median time elapsed between tigecycline prescription and isolation of T-R pathogens was 7 days. The 16 superinfections consisted of ventilator-associated pneumonias (43.75%), catheter-related bloodstream infections (37.5%), intra-abdominal infections (12.5%) and urinary tract infection (6.25%). Attributed mortality to superinfections was 31.25%. The comparison of various potential risk factors for isolation of T-R microorganisms did not reveal statistically significant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Katsiari
- a Intensive Care Unit , Konstantopouleio General Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | - Kyriakos Ntorlis
- a Intensive Care Unit , Konstantopouleio General Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | - Ioannis Nteves
- a Intensive Care Unit , Konstantopouleio General Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | - Zoi Roussou
- b Department of Microbiology , Konstantopouleio General Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | | | - Asimina Maguina
- a Intensive Care Unit , Konstantopouleio General Hospital , Athens , Greece
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Koutsoukou A, Katsiari M, Orfanos SE, Kotanidou A, Daganou M, Kyriakopoulou M, Koulouris NG, Rovina N. Respiratory mechanics in brain injury: A review. World J Crit Care Med 2016; 5:65-73. [PMID: 26855895 PMCID: PMC4733457 DOI: 10.5492/wjccm.v5.i1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several clinical and experimental studies have shown that lung injury occurs shortly after brain damage. The responsible mechanisms involve neurogenic pulmonary edema, inflammation, the harmful action of neurotransmitters, or autonomic system dysfunction. Mechanical ventilation, an essential component of life support in brain-damaged patients (BD), may be an additional traumatic factor to the already injured or susceptible to injury lungs of these patients thus worsening lung injury, in case that non lung protective ventilator settings are applied. Measurement of respiratory mechanics in BD patients, as well as assessment of their evolution during mechanical ventilation, may lead to preclinical lung injury detection early enough, allowing thus the selection of the appropriate ventilator settings to avoid ventilator-induced lung injury. The aim of this review is to explore the mechanical properties of the respiratory system in BD patients along with the underlying mechanisms, and to translate the evidence of animal and clinical studies into therapeutic implications regarding the mechanical ventilation of these critically ill patients.
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Mavroidi A, Likousi S, Palla E, Katsiari M, Roussou Z, Maguina A, Platsouka ED. Molecular identification of tigecycline- and colistin-resistant carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii from a Greek hospital from 2011 to 2013. J Med Microbiol 2015; 64:993-997. [PMID: 26297501 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An alarming increase in the resistance rates of tigecycline and colistin among carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii recovered from a Greek hospital over a 3-year period (2011-2013) was investigated. The antimicrobial resistance profiles and carbapenemase gene content were determined for a collection of colistin- and/or tigecycline-resistant carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii isolates (n = 42), which were recovered consecutively during the study period. A gradual increase in the incidence of blaOXA-23 producers was observed from 2011 to 2013. A cluster of 21 isolates comprised tigecycline-resistant blaOXA-23 producers displayed a single antimicrobial resistance pattern. The emergence of two blaOXA-23 producers resistant to both tigecycline and colistin was documented. Furthermore, determination of the mechanisms of colistin and tigecycline resistance and molecular typing by the tri-locus sequence typing (3LST) scheme for nine isolates recovered from bloodstream infections were performed. Out of nine isolates, five tigecycline- and two colistin-resistant isolates were blaOXA-23 producers of 3LST ST101 corresponding to the international clone II recovered during 2012-2013. All nine isolates were positive for the presence of the adeB gene of the AdeABC efflux pump. Three colistin-resistant isolates possessed novel substitutions in PmrB, which may be implicated in colistin resistance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the acquisition of tigecycline and colistin resistance among blaOXA-23-producing A. baumannii of 3LST ST101 in Greece; thus, continuous surveillance and molecular characterization, prudent use of antibiotics and implementation of infection control measures for A. baumannii are urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Mavroidi
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, 'Konstantopouleio-Patission', Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Likousi
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, 'Konstantopouleio-Patission', Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Palla
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, 'Konstantopouleio-Patission', Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Katsiari
- Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, 'Konstantopouleio-Patission', Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Roussou
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, 'Konstantopouleio-Patission', Athens, Greece
| | - Asimina Maguina
- Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, 'Konstantopouleio-Patission', Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia D Platsouka
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nea Ionia, 'Konstantopouleio-Patission', Athens, Greece
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Katsiari M, Panagiota G, Likousi S, Roussou Z, Polemis M, Alkiviadis Vatopoulos C, Evangelia Platsouka D, Maguina A. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in a Greek intensive care unit: Molecular characterisation and treatment challenges. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2015; 3:123-127. [PMID: 27873660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp) strains poses a major threat to critically ill patients. The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemiology of CP-Kp isolates as well as the clinical outcome associated with the corresponding infections and to identify risk factors for mortality of intensive care unit (ICU) patients in a Greek hospital. A prospective, observational study was conducted in a nine-bed general ICU over a 2-year period (April 2010-March 2012). Imipenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates recovered from clinical samples of ICU patients were prospectively collected and studied for the presence of carbapenemases. Isolates were submitted to molecular typing using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In total, 61 CP-Kp isolates (48 KPC-producers and 13 VIM-producers) were recovered from 58 ICU patients. The majority of KPC-producers were classified into a single PFGE type, indicating potent clonal dissemination. Among the 32 infected patients, bacteraemia was diagnosed in 16. Tigecycline+colistin was the most common combination antimicrobial regimen. Infection-attributable mortality was 43.8%. Regarding mortality risk factors, non-survivors were older (P=0.080), all of them presented with septic shock (P=0.010) and they had higher Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores at infection onset (P=0.004) compared with survivors. Appropriate definitive treatment and combination regimens were not associated with patient survival. In conclusion, CP-Kp infections are associated with limited treatment options and high in-hospital mortality. Effective measures for preventing dissemination of respective isolates in the hospital setting are required.
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Pontikis K, Karaiskos I, Bastani S, Dimopoulos G, Kalogirou M, Katsiari M, Oikonomou A, Poulakou G, Roilides E, Giamarellou H. Outcomes of critically ill intensive care unit patients treated with fosfomycin for infections due to pandrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013; 43:52-9. [PMID: 24183799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fosfomycin is active in vitro against extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing strains; however, the in vivo effectiveness against such pathogens is almost unknown. A multicentre, observational, prospective case-series study was performed in 11 ICUs. All consecutive fosfomycin-treated patients suffering from XDR or PDR fosfomycin-susceptible, microbiologically documented infections were recorded. Clinical and microbiological outcomes were assessed. A safety analysis was performed. In total, 68 patients received fosfomycin during the study period, 48 of whom were considered suitable for effectiveness analysis based on predefined criteria. Bacteraemia and ventilator-associated pneumonia were the main infections. Carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were isolated in 41 and 17 cases, respectively. All isolates exhibited an XDR or PDR profile, being fosfomycin-susceptible by definition. Fosfomycin was administered intravenously at a median dose of 24g/day for a median of 14 days, mainly in combination with colistin or tigecycline. Clinical outcome at Day 14 was successful in 54.2% of patients, whilst failure, indeterminate outcome and superinfection were documented in 33.3%, 6.3% and 6.3%, respectively. All-cause mortality at Day 28 was 37.5%. Bacterial eradication was observed in 56.3% of cases. Fosfomycin resistance developed in three cases. The main adverse event was reversible hypokalaemia. In conclusion, fosfomycin could have a place in the armamentarium against XDR and PDR Gram-negative infections in the critically ill. Resistance development during therapy, which has been a matter of concern in previous studies, did not occur frequently. The necessity of combination with other antibiotics requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Pontikis
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine - Intensive Care Unit, University of Athens, Sotiria Chest Diseases and General Hospital, 152 Mesogeion Avenue, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Ilias Karaiskos
- Sixth Department of Internal Medicine, Hygeia Hospital, 4 Erythrou Stavrou Street, 151 23 Marousi, Athens, Greece
| | - Styliani Bastani
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Arta, Lofos Peranthis, 471 00 Arta, Greece
| | - George Dimopoulos
- Second Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, 1 Rimini Street, 124 62 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Michalis Kalogirou
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchou Avenue, 455 00 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria Katsiari
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopoulio Hospital, 3-5 Agias Olgas Street, 142 33 Nea Ionia, Athens, Greece
| | - Angelos Oikonomou
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, 1 Rimini Street, 124 62 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Garyphallia Poulakou
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, 1 Rimini Street, 124 62 Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Roilides
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hippokration Hospital, 49 Konstantinoupoleos Street, 546 42 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Helen Giamarellou
- Sixth Department of Internal Medicine, Hygeia Hospital, 4 Erythrou Stavrou Street, 151 23 Marousi, Athens, Greece
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Katsiari M, Nikolaou C, Roussou Z, Triantopoulou C, Apessou D, Platsouka E, Maguina A. Community acquired quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli pyelonephritis complicated with multiple renal abscesses: a case report. Hippokratia 2012; 16:381-383. [PMID: 23935324 PMCID: PMC3738619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute pyelonephritis is a potentially organ-damaging and life-threatening infection. A 37-year old woman was admitted to Intensive Care Unit in septic shock and multi-organ failure due to acute pyelonephritis with systemic bacterial dissemination caused by a quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli. The patient, a previously healthy woman, reported recurrent episodes of urinary tract infection in the previous 3 years, which were treated with quinolones. Treatment course with broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents reversed her septic shock and multi-organ failure. However, pyelonephritis progressed to intrarenal and perirenal abscesses formation. The patient fully recovered after surgical removal of the infected kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Katsiari
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Katsiari M, Roussou Z, Tryfinopoulou K, Vatopoulos A, Platsouka E, Maguina A. Burkholderia cenocepacia bacteremia without respiratory colonization in an adult intensive care unit: epidemiological and molecular investigation of an outbreak. Hippokratia 2012; 16:317-323. [PMID: 23935310 PMCID: PMC3738605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate an outbreak of Burkholderia cenocepacia bacteremia. Observational study and chart review in a multidisciplinary adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at a tertiary care hospital. METHODS Patients' demographic variables, comorbid conditions, ICU admission diagnosis, disease severity and outcome were analyzed. In case-patients, time and possible sources of bacteremia, molecular assays, antimicrobial susceptibility and response to therapy were also recorded. RESULTS During a 9-month period, 30 episodes of B. cenocepacia bacteremia were diagnosed in 21 patients. Median time for a positive blood culture was 9 days after admission. None of the case-patients had respiratory colonization prior to onset of bacteremia. Pathogen was susceptible to meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim /sulphamethoxazole. Surveillance involved environmental and patient/personnel cultures. All samples were negative for B. cenocepacia. However, extensive assessment revealed lapses in infection control procedures. PFGE molecular typing showed that all isolates were indistinguishable. Prior surgery and septic shock on ICU admission were significantly more frequent among case-patients. These patients needed significantly prolonged mechanical ventilation, central venous catheterization and ICU hospitalization. All patients responded to antimicrobial therapy and the attributed mortality was zero. Complete elimination of the outbreak was achieved only after strict enforcement of infection control policies and ICU disinfection. CONCLUSION The outbreak influenced ICU morbidity but it did not affect mortality. Although extensive environmental investigations failed to identify the source of infection, B.cenocepacia disappeared after implementation of control measures. Effective outbreak elimination cannot be limited to offending reservoir removal but needs to extend to efficient infection control practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Katsiari
- Intensive Care Unit, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Katsiari M, Koulouris NG, Orfanos SE, Maguina N, Sotiropoulou C, Koutsoukou A. Intercomparison of three recruitment maneuvers in acute respiratory distress syndrome: the role of Body Mass Index. Minerva Anestesiol 2012; 78:675-683. [PMID: 22398566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this paper was to investigate the effectiveness of three different recruitment maneuvers (RMs) on respiratory and hemodynamic indexes, in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and determine the impact of patients' body mass index (BMI) on RMs efficacy. METHODS This was a prospective clinical trial conducted in a general intensive care unit. In 25 consecutive early ARDS patients arterial blood gases, respiratory system elastance (Est,rs) and hemodynamics were monitored before (T(0)), and at 3, 15, and 30 min (T(3), T(15), T(30), respectively) after each of three different RMs techniques with same airway pressures (45 cmH(2)O), randomly applied in each patient; RM-1: pressure control ventilation for 1 min, RM-2: two hyperinflations with continuous positive airway pressure for 20 sec and 1 min interval in between, RM-3: three consecutive sighs. RESULTS All RMs improved oxygenation and Est,rs shortly (T(3)) after their application, but only RM-2 had a prolonged beneficial effect on oxygenation (T(30)). Patients were further divided according to their BMI: in the low BMI group (<27.3 Kg/m(2)) the effectiveness of RMs was similar to the whole study population, while in the high BMI group (≥ 27.3 Kg/m(2)) no sustained effect followed any RM. CONCLUSION In our cohort, recruitment by two sustained inflations resulted in a more persistent improvement of oxygenation as compared with recruitment by pressure controlled ventilation or consecutive sighs with the same airway pressure. BMI seems to have an impact on RMs effectiveness, most probably by altering the effective transpulmonary pressure. More studies are required to elucidate this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Katsiari
- Intensive Care Unit, "Konstantopouleio" General Hospital of Nea Ionia, Athens, Greece
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Poulakou G, Kontopidou FV, Paramythiotou E, Kompoti M, Katsiari M, Mainas E, Nicolaou C, Yphantis D, Antoniadou A, Trikka-Graphakos E, Roussou Z, Clouva P, Maguina N, Kanellakopoulou K, Armaganidis A, Giamarellou H. Tigecycline in the treatment of infections from multi-drug resistant gram-negative pathogens. J Infect 2009; 58:273-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2009.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Revised: 02/04/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Katsiari M, Apostolakou E, Nikolaou C, Pagouni E, Tsimpoukas F, Mainas E, Kounougeri E, Laskou M, Maguina A. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in a Greek ICU: prevalence and etiology. Crit Care 2009. [PMCID: PMC4084183 DOI: 10.1186/cc7461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Katsiari M, Laskou M, Roussou Z, Mihalopoulou A, Haramoglis S, Maguina N. A 61-year Old Immunocompromised Man with Disseminated Cryptococcosis. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1201-9712(08)60111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Karampela I, Nicolaou C, Roussou Z, Katsiari M, Mainas E, Tsimpoukas F, Maguina A. Bacterial population and antibiotic resistance in an ICU during a 4-year period. Crit Care 2008. [PMCID: PMC4088403 DOI: 10.1186/cc6253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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