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Revealing the Hidden Spin-Polarized Bands in a Superconducting Tl Bilayer Crystal. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7675-7682. [PMID: 37578323 PMCID: PMC10450804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The interplay of spin-orbit coupling and crystal symmetry can generate spin-polarized bands in materials only a few atomic layers thick, potentially leading to unprecedented physical properties. In the case of bilayer materials with global inversion symmetry, locally broken inversion symmetry can generate degenerate spin-polarized bands, in which the spins in each layer are oppositely polarized. Here, we demonstrate that the hidden spins in a Tl bilayer crystal are revealed by growing it on Ag(111) of sizable lattice mismatch, together with the appearance of a remarkable phenomenon unique to centrosymmetric hidden-spin bilayer crystals: a novel band splitting in both spin and space. The key to success in observing this novel splitting is that the interaction at the interface has just the right strength: it does not destroy the original wave functions of the Tl bilayer but is strong enough to induce an energy separation.
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Search for the Majorana Nature of Neutrinos in the Inverted Mass Ordering Region with KamLAND-Zen. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:051801. [PMID: 36800472 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.051801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The KamLAND-Zen experiment has provided stringent constraints on the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay half-life in ^{136}Xe using a xenon-loaded liquid scintillator. We report an improved search using an upgraded detector with almost double the amount of xenon and an ultralow radioactivity container, corresponding to an exposure of 970 kg yr of ^{136}Xe. These new data provide valuable insight into backgrounds, especially from cosmic muon spallation of xenon, and have required the use of novel background rejection techniques. We obtain a lower limit for the 0νββ decay half-life of T_{1/2}^{0ν}>2.3×10^{26} yr at 90% C.L., corresponding to upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass of 36-156 meV using commonly adopted nuclear matrix element calculations.
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Risk and Resilience in Trajectories of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms among First Responders after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake: a 7-year prospective cohort study. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9566156 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction First responders to disasters are at risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The trajectories of post-traumatic stress symptom severity differ among individuals, even if they are exposed to similar events. These trajectories have not yet been reported in non-Western first responders. Objectives We aimed to explore post-traumatic stress symptom severity trajectories and their risk factors in first responders to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE)— a historically large earthquake that resulted in a tsunami and a nuclear disaster. Methods 56 388 Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF) personnel dispatched to the GEJE were enrolled in this seven-year longitudinal cohort study. PTSD symptom severity was measured using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Trajectories were identified using latent growth mixture models (LGMM). Nine potential risk factors for the symptom severity trajectories were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Results Five symptom severity trajectories were identified: “resilient” (54.7%), “recovery” (24.5%), “incomplete recovery” (10.7%), “late-onset” (5.7%), and “chronic” (4.3%). The main risk factors for the four non-resilient trajectories were older age, personal disaster experiences, and working conditions. These working conditions included duties involving body recovery or radiation exposure risk, longer deployment length, later or no post-deployment leave, and longer post-deployment overtime. Conclusions The majority of first responders to GEJE were resilient and developed few or no PTSD symptoms. A substantial minority experienced late-onset and chronic symptom severity trajectories. The identified risk factors can inform policies for prevention, early detection, and intervention in individuals at risk of developing symptomatic trajectories. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Massive calcification around large joints in a patient subsequently diagnosed with adult-onset hypophosphatasia. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:505-509. [PMID: 34494146 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a 64-year-old Japanese woman with a history of progressive loss of motor function and painful swelling of large joints. At the age of 54, profound calcification appeared around the shoulder and hip joints, which did not heal after repeated surgical resections. Iliac bone biopsy revealed osteomalacic changes. Laboratory data showed low serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and a high urine phosphoethanolamine (PEA) concentration with normal serum calcium, phosphate, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels. Subsequent genetic analysis of the ALPL gene confirmed the diagnosis of hypophosphatasia (HPP) with the identification of a heterozygous single nucleotide deletion, c.1559delT (p.Leu520ArgfsX86). We started a mineral-targeted enzyme replacement therapy, asfotase alfa (AA), to treat the patient's musculoskeletal symptoms. A follow-up bone biopsy after 12 months of AA treatment showed improvement of osteomalacia. Calcified deposits around the large joints were unchanged radiographically. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with an adult-onset HPP who presented with profound calcification around multiple joints. Nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms in patients with adult-onset HPP often result in delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. We propose that bone biopsy and genetic analysis should be considered along with laboratory analysis for all patients with ectopic calcification around joints of unknown etiology for accurate diagnosis and better treatment.
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386O Exploratory biomarker analysis of DESTINY-CRC01, a phase II, multicenter, open-label study of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd, DS-8201) in patients (pts) with HER2-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Primary bone adult T cell lymphoma with multiple skeletal lesions and debilitating painful osteolysis: a case report. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1013-1017. [PMID: 33128574 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
There have been only a limited number of reports on primary adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATL) in the bone. This is a case report of a 75-year-old patient initially reporting multiple bone pains that were attributed to osteolytic ATL. The patient developed spontaneous chest/back pain and visited a local hospital. Laboratory tests showed high levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and computed tomography (CT) revealed skeletal lesions with osteolysis. Although multiple myeloma was initially suspected, the results of bone marrow aspiration and bone biopsy were inconsistent. After he was referred to our hospital, mild hypercalcemia (10.4 mg/dL) with low-normal intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) (27 pg/mL), low parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), and elevated 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25OH2D) levels (136 pg/mL) narrowed the differential diagnosis down to lymphomatous and granulomatous diseases, and then, the high serum soluble IL-2 receptor (3,450 U/mL) and the flower cells recognized in the peripheral blood sample suggested the involvement of ATL. Finally, the reevaluation of the iliac bone biopsy sample led us to the histological diagnosis of ATL infiltration in the bone. The subsequent two courses of chemotherapy in addition to denosumab resulted in an objective partial metabolic response indicated in 18-fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). Although very rare, the bone involvement of ATL could be used for the differential diagnosis for local osteolytic bone pain in addition to multiple myeloma and metastatic bone diseases.
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Effect of PM2.5 for hospitalization of cardiovascular diseases and medical expenses by age group: a nationwide study from the Japanese Registry Of All cardiac and vascular Diseases (JROAD). Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Although particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure influences cardiovascular events, there is limited knowledge how PM2.5 exposure is associated with cardiovascular hospitalization in Japan.
Purpose
We tested the hypothesis that PM2.5 exposure was related to the number of cardiovascular hospitalizations, hospitalization period, and medical expenses.
Methods
We included 835,405 subjects who were admitted to acute care hospitals in Japan. We classified PM2.5 exposure concentration into quintile groups (from low to high in the order of “PM-1” to “PM-5” group). Multilevel mixed-effects Poisson and linear regression analysis were used to estimate the association of PM2.5 exposure concentration with the cardiovascular hospitalization events, duration and medical expenses. We also analyzed those factors classified by age.
Results
PM-2, 3, 4, 5 group were positively related to the number of cardiovascular hospitalization events compared with PM-1 group (Table 1). PM-3, 4, 5 group were positively associated with a 0.018, 0.029, and 0.029 (all p<0.001) of the difference of log cardiovascular hospitalization period compared with PM-1 group (p for trend <0.001). These groups were also positively associated with a 0.016, 0.023, and 0.021 (all p<0.001) of the difference of log medical expenses compared with PM-1 group (p for trend <0.001). Analyzed by age group, hospitalization duration was longer (p<0.05) and medical expenses was lower (p<0.05) significantly in super-aging group (over 90 years old) than the group under 64 years old (Figure 1).
Conclusions
PM2.5 exposure concentration has harmful effect on not only cardiovascular events but cardiovascular hospitalization period and medical expenses due to big-data in Japan. Medical costs were kept low in comparison with their hospitalization period in subjects over 90 years old.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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A multicenter study of transient global amnesia for the better detection of magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:2117-2124. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.14408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fatal intracranial haemorrhage occurring after oral anticoagulant treatment initiation for secondary stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:1612-1617. [PMID: 32333493 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In this pooled analysis of seven multicentre cohorts potential differences were investigated in the incidence, characteristics and outcomes between intracranial haemorrhages (ICHs) associated with the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC-ICH) or with vitamin K antagonists (VKA-ICH) in ischaemic stroke patients after oral anticoagulant treatment initiation for atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS Data from 4912 eligible AF patients who were admitted in a stroke unit with ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack and who were treated with either VKAs or NOACs within 3 months post-stroke were included. Fatal ICH was defined as death occurring during the first 30 days after ICH onset. A meta-analysis of available observational studies reporting 30-day mortality rates from NOAC-ICH or VKA-ICH onset was additionally performed. RESULTS During 5970 patient-years of follow-up 71 participants had an ICH, of whom 20 were NOAC-ICH and 51 VKA-ICH. Patients in the two groups had comparable baseline characteristics, except for the higher prevalence of kidney disease in VKA-ICH patients. There was a non-significant higher number of fatal ICH in patients with VKAs (11 events per 3385 patient-years) than in those with NOACs (three events per 2623 patient-years; hazard ratio 0.32, 95% confidence interval 0.09-1.14). Three-month functional outcomes were similar (P > 0.2) in the two groups. The meta-analysis showed a lower 30-day mortality risk for patients with NOAC-ICH compared to VKA-ICH (relative risk 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.51-0.95). CONCLUSIONS Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants for intracranial haemorrhages and VKA-ICH occurring during secondary stroke prevention of AF patients have comparable baseline characteristics and outcomes except for the risk of fatal ICH within 30 days, which might be greater in VKA-ICH.
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834 How Accurately can Physicians Predict Invasive Physiology Using Coronary Angiography? Results of an International Multi-Centre Survey. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Identification of targeted membrane antigens of human brain microvascular endothelial cells in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Precision Analysis of the ^{136}Xe Two-Neutrino ββ Spectrum in KamLAND-Zen and Its Impact on the Quenching of Nuclear Matrix Elements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:192501. [PMID: 31144924 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.192501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a precision analysis of the ^{136}Xe two-neutrino ββ electron spectrum above 0.8 MeV, based on high-statistics data obtained with the KamLAND-Zen experiment. An improved formalism for the two-neutrino ββ rate allows us to measure the ratio of the leading and subleading 2νββ nuclear matrix elements (NMEs), ξ_{31}^{2ν}=-0.26_{-0.25}^{+0.31}. Theoretical predictions from the nuclear shell model and the majority of the quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) calculations are consistent with the experimental limit. However, part of the ξ_{31}^{2ν} range allowed by the QRPA is excluded by the present measurement at the 90% confidence level. Our analysis reveals that predicted ξ_{31}^{2ν} values are sensitive to the quenching of NMEs and the competing contributions from low- and high-energy states in the intermediate nucleus. Because these aspects are also at play in neutrinoless ββ decay, ξ_{31}^{2ν} provides new insights toward reliable neutrinoless ββ NMEs.
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Relationship Between Stress Coping Mechanisms and Depression in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:761-767. [PMID: 30979461 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that transplant recipients are exposed to physical and psychosocial stresses even after transplant surgery and exhibit psychological disorders such as depression. PURPOSE In this study, we extracted trends concerning how recipients of kidney transplants cope with stress, and we also examined how they cope with depression and its countermeasures. METHOD We administered questionnaire surveys to 109 kidney transplant recipients. These included items on personal attributes, medical information, depression, and stress-coping type scales. Statistical analysis was performed using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Fifteen out of 109 (13.8%) were found to be high-risk patients for depression based on responses to the questionnaire using the depression scale. We extracted 2 factors of stress-coping type, namely Factor 1, "Directly coping with the problem," of patients who try to directly resolve the problem in a positive manner and Factor 2, "Stress-release while avoiding the problem," for those who relieve their feelings in response to the stress without resolving the problem itself. When multiple regression analysis was conducted with the depression scale as the dependent variable and the stress-coping factor as the independent variable, Factor 1 tended to be associated with reduced depression and Factor 2 with increased depression. CONCLUSIONS Results showed that to improve the mental health of those who receive kidney transplants, it is necessary to examine the depression and stress-coping types of such patients at an early stage and carry out education on stress-coping, focusing on resolving the actual problem.
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Multiple verrucous lesions of the feet in Waldenström macroglobulinaemia. Clin Exp Dermatol 2017; 43:103-105. [PMID: 29055121 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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“Actual” refractory cases of CIDP: A retrospective analysis. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Trends of dementia in hospitals with specialized outpatients with dementia. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gain depletion of X-ray framing camera. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:083514. [PMID: 28863668 DOI: 10.1063/1.4999757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
X-ray imaging is very useful to investigate imploded core plasma in inertial fusion experiments. We can obtain information from X-ray images, such as shape, density, and temperature. An X-ray framing camera (XFC) capable of taking two-dimensional, time-resolved X-ray images is used to capture the images. In previous work, we developed a numerical model of an XFC to analyze its X-ray image. The calculated results agreed qualitatively with experimental results. However, it was not accurate enough to determine the absolute value of the signal. We thought this discrepancy was caused by gain depletion. In high energy laser experiments, high photon flux may cause gain depletion. This is a problem for accurate X-ray measurement. In this paper, we report our new model, including gain depletion. The new model is evaluated by tabletop laser experiments and high energy laser experiments. The results calculated using the new model agree quantitatively with our experimental results. Furthermore, we confirmed that gain depletion occurs in our high energy laser experiments. For quantitatively accurate X-ray intensity measurements, the XFC should be used with limited incident photon flux such that the gain linearity is guaranteed.
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P6155Significance of non-thyroidal illness syndrome in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p6155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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P707Poor clinical outcome in patients with increased high-sensitive cardiac troponin T in dilated cardiomyopathy: in the context of left ventricular wall stress. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Publisher's Note: Search for Majorana Neutrinos Near the Inverted Mass Hierarchy Region with KamLAND-Zen [Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 082503 (2016)]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:109903. [PMID: 27636501 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.109903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.082503.
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Abstract
In vivo euterium MR imaging (2H MR) was investigated in rats after intraperitoneal administration of deuterated saline, and a dynamic study of the water movement in rat eyes was performed. Deuterium MR imaging was carried out by means of a gradient-echo (GRE) and a spin-echo (SE) pulse sequence. The rat eye was imaged in 2H MR more selectively by SE than by GRE, but a lower signal-to-noise ratio was obtained in 2H MR imaging using the SE sequence. The MR signal intensity of the rat eye was followed by a 3-compartment model, which enabled determination of the flow rate constant of the water in the eye (0.359/min). Deuterium MR imaging is useful to visualize the dynamic change of water in rat eyes using 2H MR at the same magnetic field (2 T) that can also be used for conventional MR imaging in humans.
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Search for Majorana Neutrinos Near the Inverted Mass Hierarchy Region with KamLAND-Zen. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:082503. [PMID: 27588852 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.082503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present an improved search for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of ^{136}Xe in the KamLAND-Zen experiment. Owing to purification of the xenon-loaded liquid scintillator, we achieved a significant reduction of the ^{110m}Ag contaminant identified in previous searches. Combining the results from the first and second phase, we obtain a lower limit for the 0νββ decay half-life of T_{1/2}^{0ν}>1.07×10^{26} yr at 90% C.L., an almost sixfold improvement over previous limits. Using commonly adopted nuclear matrix element calculations, the corresponding upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass are in the range 61-165 meV. For the most optimistic nuclear matrix elements, this limit reaches the bottom of the quasidegenerate neutrino mass region.
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Clinical utility of neuronal cells directly converted from fibroblasts of patients for neuropsychiatric disorders: studies of lysosomal storage diseases and channelopathy. Curr Mol Med 2015; 15:138-45. [PMID: 25732146 DOI: 10.2174/1566524015666150303110300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Methodologies for generating functional neuronal cells directly from human fibroblasts [induced neuronal (iN) cells] have been recently developed, but the research so far has only focused on technical refinements or recapitulation of known pathological phenotypes. A critical question is whether this novel technology will contribute to elucidation of novel disease mechanisms or evaluation of therapeutic strategies. Here we have addressed this question by studying Tay-Sachs disease, a representative lysosomal storage disease, and Dravet syndrome, a form of severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy, using human iN cells with feature of immature postmitotic glutamatergic neuronal cells. In Tay-Sachs disease, we have successfully characterized canonical neuronal pathology, massive accumulation of GM2 ganglioside, and demonstrated the suitability of this novel cell culture for future drug screening. In Dravet syndrome, we have identified a novel functional phenotype that was not suggested by studies of classical mouse models and human autopsied brains. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that human iN cells are useful for translational neuroscience research to explore novel disease mechanisms and evaluate therapeutic compounds. In the future, research using human iN cells with well-characterized genomic landscape can be integrated into multidisciplinary patient-oriented research on neuropsychiatric disorders to address novel disease mechanisms and evaluate therapeutic strategies.
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Effects of zonisamide for overall non-motor symptoms with Parkinson’s disease patients. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
We report a case of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) in a 65-year-old healthy woman. Fever, purulent conjunctivitis, and exfoliation of the skin in the gluteal region were noted. A scarlatiniform rash was observed on the body, and this erythema was followed by generalized desquamation. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from her eye discharge, posterior nasopharynx, and the erosive surface of the skin. All the investigated strains produced exfoliative toxin B, but none produced toxic shock toxin-1 (TSST-1) or enterotoxin. The patient was treated with antibiotics and fluid supplementation, resulting in subsidence. This case is thought to have been caused by an abortive form of SSSS or a scarlatiniform variant, which is very rare in healthy adults.
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Abstract
Opioids, such as morphine and fentanyl, are widely used as effective analgesics for the treatment of acute and chronic pain. In addition, the opioid system has a key role in the rewarding effects of morphine, ethanol, cocaine and various other drugs. Although opioid sensitivity is well known to vary widely among individual subjects, several candidate genetic polymorphisms reported so far are not sufficient for fully understanding the wide range of interindividual differences in human opioid sensitivity. By conducting a multistage genome-wide association study (GWAS) in healthy subjects, we found that genetic polymorphisms within a linkage disequilibrium block that spans 2q33.3-2q34 were strongly associated with the requirements for postoperative opioid analgesics after painful cosmetic surgery. The C allele of the best candidate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2952768, was associated with more analgesic requirements, and consistent results were obtained in patients who underwent abdominal surgery. In addition, carriers of the C allele in this SNP exhibited less vulnerability to severe drug dependence in patients with methamphetamine dependence, alcohol dependence, and eating disorders and a lower 'Reward Dependence' score on a personality questionnaire in healthy subjects. Furthermore, the C/C genotype of this SNP was significantly associated with the elevated expression of a neighboring gene, CREB1. These results show that SNPs in this locus are the most potent genetic factors associated with human opioid sensitivity known to date, affecting both the efficacy of opioid analgesics and liability to severe substance dependence. Our findings provide valuable information for the personalized treatment of pain and drug dependence.
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Intravenous thrombolysis for patients with reverse magnetic resonance angiography and diffusion-weighted imaging mismatch: SAMURAI and NCVC rt-PA Registries. Eur J Neurol 2013; 21:419-26. [PMID: 24261412 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The characteristics of reverse magnetic resonance angiography and diffusion-weighted imaging (MRA-DWI) mismatch (RMM), defined as a large DWI lesion in the absence of major artery occlusion (MAO), remain unknown, especially in patients treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). METHODS Patients with stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory were included. Early ischaemic changes (EIC) were assessed with the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score on DWI (DWI-ASPECTS). All patients were divided into four groups based on the presence of MAO and a DWI-ASPECTS cut-off value of <7. RMM was defined as DWI-ASPECTS <7 without MAO. Clinical characteristics, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2) at 90 days were compared amongst the four groups. RESULTS Of the 486 patients enrolled (167 women, median age 74 years, median initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 13), reverse MRA-DWI mismatch was observed in 24 (5%). Of the clinical characteristics, cardioembolism was the only factor that was independently associated with RMM [odds ratio (OR) 5.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-24.1]. Multivariable analyses revealed that patients with RMM more commonly had sICH than those with DWI-ASPECTS ≥ 7 irrespective of the presence (OR 5.44, 95% CI 1.13-26.1) or absence (13.1, 2.07-83.3) of MAO, and they had a more favorable functional outcome than those with DWI-ASPECTS < 7 plus MAO (7.45, 2.39-23.2). CONCLUSION RMM was observed in 5% of patients treated with rt-PA and associated with cardioembolism. Patients with RMM may benefit from thrombolysis compared with those with EIC with MAO, although increment in the rate of sICH is a concern.
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Implosion and heating experiments of fast ignition targets by Gekko-XII and LFEX lasers. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135901008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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High-resolution X-ray imaging in fast ignition experiment using Gekko and LFEX lasers. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135903006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Laboratory experiments on plasma jets in a magnetic field using high-power lasers. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135915005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Simple clinical predictors of stroke outcome based on National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score during 1-h recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator infusion. Eur J Neurol 2013; 21:411-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Correlation between anti-thrombotic drugs and hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage under strict blood pressure-lowering management: SAMURAI-ICH study. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Limit on neutrinoless ββ decay of 136Xe from the first phase of KamLAND-Zen and comparison with the positive claim in 76Ge. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:062502. [PMID: 23432237 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.062502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present results from the first phase of the KamLAND-Zen double-beta decay experiment, corresponding to an exposure of 89.5 kg yr of (136)Xe. We obtain a lower limit for the neutrinoless double-beta decay half-life of T(1/2)(0ν)>1.9×10(25) yr at 90% C.L. The combined results from KamLAND-Zen and EXO-200 give T(1/2)(0ν)>3.4×10(25) yr at 90% C.L., which corresponds to a Majorana neutrino mass limit of <m(ββ)> <(120-250) meV based on a representative range of available matrix element calculations. Using those calculations, this result excludes the Majorana neutrino mass range expected from the neutrinoless double-beta decay detection claim in (76)Ge, reported by a part of the Heidelberg-Moscow Collaboration, at more than 97.5% C.L.
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Absolute Kα line spectroscopy for cone-guided fast-ignition targets. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135913008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Favourable outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with mefloquine treatment in combination with antiretroviral therapy in an HIV-infected patient. Int J STD AIDS 2012; 23:603-5. [PMID: 22930304 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2012.011305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A 33-year-old man who developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) with HIV infection is reported. The patient exhibited rapid decline in neurological status after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), which was attributed to the PML-immune re-constitution inflammatory syndrome. Following the administration of mefloquine in combination with ART, the patient's neurological status improved substantially. This case suggests that further investigation of the use of mefloquine might be warranted for treatment of PML in HIV-infected patients.
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328 124I GC33 Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Imaging Biomarker of Glypican-3 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)72126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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318 Effects of Radiologic Tumor Response of Anti-Glypican-3 GC33 and Multi Tyrosine Kinases Inhibitor Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)72116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Run-up to participation in ATACH II in Japan. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL NEUROLOGY 2012; 5:1-5. [PMID: 23230457 PMCID: PMC3517030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Japan. Seventeen Japanese institutions are participating in the Antihypertensive Treatment for Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage (ATACH) II Trial (ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT01176565; UMIN 000006526). This phase III trial is designed to determine the therapeutic benefit of early intensive systolic blood pressure (BP) lowering for acute hypertension in ICH patients. This report explains the long run-up to reach the start of patient registration in ATACH II in Japan, including our preliminary study, a nationwide survey on antihypertensive treatment for acute ICH patients, a multicenter study for hyperacute BP lowering (the SAMURAI-ICH study), revision of the official Japanese label for intravenous nicardipine, and construction of the infrastructure for the trial.
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Effect of Sera from Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis and Miller Fisher Syndrome Patients Against Human Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Nerve Barrier In Vitro Models (P06.141). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p06.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Examination of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with the Utstein style in Saga prefecture, Japan. Crit Care 2012. [PMCID: PMC3363685 DOI: 10.1186/cc10874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Glycated albumin but not HbA1c reflects glycaemic control in patients with neonatal diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 2011; 54:2247-53. [PMID: 21644010 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS It is difficult to use HbA(1c) as an indicator of glycaemic control in patients with neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) because of high levels of fetal haemoglobin (HbF) remaining in the blood. In this study, glycated albumin (GA), which is not affected by HbF, and HbA(1c) were compared to evaluate whether they reflect glycaemic control in patients with NDM. METHODS This study included five patients with NDM. Age at diagnosis was 38 ± 20 days. Insulin therapy was started in all patients, and levels of GA, HbA(1c) and HbF were measured monthly for 6 months. One-month average preprandial plasma glucose (aPPG) was calculated using self-monitoring of blood glucose. RESULTS Plasma glucose and GA were elevated (29.7 ± 13.1 mmol/l [n = 5] and 33.3 ± 6.9% [n = 3], respectively) but HbA(1c) was within normal limits (5.4 ± 2.6% [35.5 ± 4.9 mmol/mol]; n = 4) at diagnosis. With diabetes treatment, aPPG (r = -0.565, p = 0.002), GA (r = -0.552, p = 0.003) and HbF (r = -0.855, p < 0.0001) decreased with age, whereas HbA(1c) increased (r = 0.449, p = 0.004). GA was strongly positively correlated with aPPG (r = 0.784, p < 0.0001), while HbA(1c) showed no correlation with aPPG (r = 0.221, p = 0.257) and was significantly inversely correlated with HbF (r = -0.539, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION GA is a useful indicator of glycaemic control in patients with NDM, whereas HbA(1c) is influenced by age-related changes in HbF and does not accurately reflect glycaemic control.
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DPP6 as a candidate gene for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2011; 13:27-34. [PMID: 21826085 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2011.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We implemented a two-step approach to detect potential predictor gene variants for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) in schizophrenic subjects. First, we screened associations by using a genome-wide (Illumina HumanHapCNV370) SNP array in 61 Japanese schizophrenia patients with treatment-resistant TD and 61 Japanese schizophrenia patients without TD. Next, we performed a replication analysis in 36 treatment-resistant TD and 138 non-TD subjects. An association of an SNP in the DPP6 (dipeptidyl peptidase-like protein-6) gene, rs6977820, the most promising association identified by the screen, was significant in the replication sample (allelic P=0.008 in the replication sample, allelic P=4.6 × 10(-6), odds ratio 2.32 in the combined sample). The SNP is located in intron-1 of the DPP6 gene and the risk allele was associated with decreased DPP6 gene expression in the human postmortem prefrontal cortex. Chronic administration of haloperidol increased Dpp6 expression in mouse brains. DPP6 is an auxiliary subunit of Kv4 and regulates the properties of Kv4, which regulates the activity of dopaminergic neurons. The findings of this study indicate that an altered response of Kv4/DPP6 to long-term neuroleptic administration is involved in neuroleptic-induced TD.
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P2-420 Immunogenicity of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) monovalent vaccine among immunosuppressed hematooncology patients. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976l.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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P2-485 Immunogenicity of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) monovalent vaccine in patients on long-term haemodialysis. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976m.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Measurement of glycated hemoglobin and glycated albumin in umbilical cord: evaluation of the glycemic control indicators in neonates. J Perinatol 2011; 31:430-3. [PMID: 21164428 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2010.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As neonatal blood contains a high proportion of fetal hemoglobin (HbF), it is difficult to use high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, latex-immunoturbidimetry (LA) method and enzymatic methods, which determine hemoglobin A(1C) (HbA(1C)) in order to provide the glycemic control indicators of neonates. In this study, we evaluated glycated hemoglobin (GHb) and glycated albumin (GA) as appropriate indicators of the glycemic control in the neonatal period. STUDY DESIGN Umbilical cord blood samples collected during delivery were subjected to measurements of GHb (HPLC methods using two different instruments, LA method, enzymatic method and affinity method) and serum GA. RESULT HbA(1C) levels determined by the HPLC method, the LA method and the enzymatic method were as low as <3.0% in all the cases. Although GHb determined by the affinity method was 3.6 ± 0.2%, this method may not measure accurately the values of glycated HbF plus glycated HbA. Serum GA was 9.4 ± 1.1%. CONCLUSION We speculate that serum GA, but not GHb, could be used as glycemic control indicators in neonates.
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SU-E-I-76: Investigation of Patient Dose in Mammography in Japan by 2010. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3611650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Close relationship between serum concentrations of 1,5-anhydroglucitol and uric acid in non-diabetic male subjects implies common renal transport system. Clin Chim Acta 2009; 410:70-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2009.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Revised: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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