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Llano E, Masek T, Gahurova L, Pospisek M, Koncicka M, Jindrova A, Jansova D, Iyyappan R, Roucova K, Bruce AW, Kubelka M, Susor A. Age-related differences in the translational landscape of mammalian oocytes. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13231. [PMID: 32951297 PMCID: PMC7576272 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing maternal age in mammals is associated with poorer oocyte quality, involving higher aneuploidy rates and decreased developmental competence. Prior to resumption of meiosis, fully developed mammalian oocytes become transcriptionally silent until the onset of zygotic genome activation. Therefore, meiotic progression and early embryogenesis are driven largely by translational utilization of previously synthesized mRNAs. We report that genome‐wide translatome profiling reveals considerable numbers of transcripts that are differentially translated in oocytes obtained from aged compared to young females. Additionally, we show that a number of aberrantly translated mRNAs in oocytes from aged females are associated with cell cycle. Indeed, we demonstrate that four specific maternal age‐related transcripts (Sgk1, Castor1, Aire and Eg5) with differential translation rates encode factors that are associated with the newly forming meiotic spindle. Moreover, we report substantial defects in chromosome alignment and cytokinesis in the oocytes of young females, in which candidate CASTOR1 and SGK1 protein levels or activity are experimentally altered. Our findings indicate that improper translation of specific proteins at the onset of meiosis contributes to increased chromosome segregation problems associated with female ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Llano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS Libechov Czech Republic
- Laboratory of RNA Biochemistry Department of Genetics and Microbiology Faculty of Science Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Masek
- Laboratory of RNA Biochemistry Department of Genetics and Microbiology Faculty of Science Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Gahurova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS Libechov Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Early Mammalian Developmental Biology (LEMDB) Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pospisek
- Laboratory of RNA Biochemistry Department of Genetics and Microbiology Faculty of Science Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Koncicka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS Libechov Czech Republic
| | - Anna Jindrova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS Libechov Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Jansova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS Libechov Czech Republic
| | - Rajan Iyyappan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS Libechov Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Roucova
- Laboratory of RNA Biochemistry Department of Genetics and Microbiology Faculty of Science Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Alexander W. Bruce
- Laboratory of Early Mammalian Developmental Biology (LEMDB) Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kubelka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS Libechov Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Susor
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS Libechov Czech Republic
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Koncicka M, Cervenka J, Jahn D, Sucha R, Vodicka P, Gad A, Alsheimer M, Susor A. Expression of lamin C2 in mammalian oocytes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229781. [PMID: 32343699 PMCID: PMC7188254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamin C2 (LMN C2) is a short product of the lamin a gene. It is a germ cell-specific lamin and has been extensively studied in male germ cells. In this study, we focussed on the expression and localization of LMN C2 in fully-grown germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes. We detected LMN C2 in the fully-grown germinal vesicle oocytes of various mammalian species with confirmation done by immunoblotting the wild type and Lmnc2 gene deleted testes. Expression of LMN C2 tagged with GFP showed localization of LMN C2 to the nuclear membrane of the oocyte. Moreover, the LMN C2 protein notably disappeared after nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD) and the expression of LMN C2 was significantly reduced in the oocytes from aged females and ceased altogether during meiotic maturation. These results provide new insights regarding LMN C2 expression in the oocytes of various mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Koncicka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Cervenka
- Laboratory of Applied Proteome Analyses, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jahn
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rita Sucha
- Laboratory of Applied Proteome Analyses, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vodicka
- Laboratory of Applied Proteome Analyses, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Ahmed Gad
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manfred Alsheimer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrej Susor
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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Ellederova Z, Del Rincon S, Koncicka M, Susor A, Kubelka M, Sun D, Spruck C. CKS1 Germ Line Exclusion Is Essential for the Transition from Meiosis to Early Embryonic Development. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:e00590-18. [PMID: 30988159 PMCID: PMC6580707 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00590-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division cycle (Cdc) kinase subunit (CKS) proteins bind cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and play important roles in cell division control and development, though their precise molecular functions are not fully understood. Mammals express two closely related paralogs called CKS1 and CKS2, but only CKS2 is expressed in the germ line, indicating that it is solely responsible for regulating CDK functions in meiosis. Using cks2-/- knockout mice, we show that CKS2 is a crucial regulator of maturation-promoting factor (MPF; CDK1-cyclin A/B) activity in meiosis. cks2-/- oocytes display reduced and delayed MPF activity during meiotic progression, leading to defects in germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activation, and meiotic spindle assembly. cks2-/- germ cells express significantly reduced levels of the MPF components CDK1 and cyclins A1/B1. Additionally, injection of MPF plus CKS2, but not MPF alone, restored normal GVBD in cks2-/- oocytes, demonstrating that GVBD is driven by a CKS2-dependent function of MPF. Moreover, we generated cks2cks1/cks1 knock-in mice and found that CKS1 can compensate for CKS2 in meiosis in vivo, but homozygous embryos arrested development at the 2- to 5-cell stage. Collectively, our results show that CKS2 is a crucial regulator of MPF functions in meiosis and that its paralog, CKS1, must be excluded from the germ line for proper embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenka Ellederova
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Sanford | Burnham | Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Laboratory of Cell Regeneration and Plasticity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Science, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Sonia Del Rincon
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Sanford | Burnham | Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marketa Koncicka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Science, Libechov, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Susor
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Science, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kubelka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Science, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Dahui Sun
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Sanford | Burnham | Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Charles Spruck
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Sanford | Burnham | Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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Abstract
The tight correlation between mRNA distribution and subsequent protein localization and function indicate a major role for mRNA localization within the cell. RNA localization, followed by local translation, presents a mechanism for spatial and temporal gene expression regulation utilized by various cell types. However, little is known about mRNA localization and translation in the mammalian oocyte and early embryo. Importantly, fully-grown oocyte becomes transcriptionally inactive and only utilizes transcripts previously synthesized and stored during earlier development. We discovered an abundant RNA population in the oocyte and early embryo nucleus together with RNA binding proteins. We also characterized specific ribosomal proteins, which contribute to translation in the oocyte and embryo. By applying selected markers to mouse and human oocytes, we found that there might be a similar mechanism of RNA metabolism in both species. In conclusion, we visualized the localization of RNAs and translation machinery in the oocyte, that could shed light on this terra incognita of these unique cell types in mouse and human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Jansova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Libechov, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (DJ); (AS)
| | - Anna Tetkova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Libechov, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Koncicka
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Libechov, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kubelka
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Susor
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Libechov, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (DJ); (AS)
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Jansova D, Koncicka M, Tetkova A, Cerna R, Malik R, del Llano E, Kubelka M, Susor A. Regulation of 4E-BP1 activity in the mammalian oocyte. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:927-939. [PMID: 28272965 PMCID: PMC5462087 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1295178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fully grown mammalian oocytes utilize transcripts synthetized and stored during earlier development. RNA localization followed by a local translation is a mechanism responsible for the regulation of spatial and temporal gene expression. Here we show that the mouse oocyte contains 3 forms of cap-dependent translational repressor expressed on the mRNA level: 4E-BP1, 4E-BP2 and 4E-BP3. However, only 4E-BP1 is present as a protein in oocytes, it becomes inactivated by phosphorylation after nuclear envelope breakdown and as such it promotes cap-dependent translation after NEBD. Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 can be seen in the oocytes after resumption of meiosis but it is not detected in the surrounding cumulus cells, indicating that 4E-BP1 promotes translation at a specific cell cycle stage. Our immunofluorescence analyses of 4E-BP1 in oocytes during meiosis I showed an even localization of global 4E-BP1, as well as of its 4E-BP1 (Thr37/46) phosphorylated form. On the other hand, 4E-BP1 phosphorylated on Ser65 is localized at the spindle poles, and 4E-BP1 phosphorylated on Thr70 localizes on the spindle. We further show that the main positive regulators of 4E-BP1 phosphorylation after NEBD are mTOR and CDK1 kinases, but not PLK1 kinase. CDK1 exerts its activity toward 4E-BP1 phosphorylation via phosphorylation and activation of mTOR. Moreover, both CDK1 and phosphorylated mTOR co-localize with 4E-BP1 phosphorylated on Thr70 on the spindle at the onset of meiotic resumption. Expression of the dominant negative 4E-BP1 mutant adversely affects translation and results in spindle abnormality. Taken together, our results show that the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 promotes translation at the onset of meiosis to support the spindle assembly and suggest an important role of CDK1 and mTOR kinases in this process. We also show that the mTOR regulatory pathway is present in human oocytes and is likely to function in a similar way as in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Jansova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, ASC, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Koncicka
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, ASC, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Tetkova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, ASC, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Cerna
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, ASC, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Malik
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Edgar del Llano
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, ASC, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kubelka
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, ASC, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Susor
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, ASC, Libechov, Czech Republic
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