1
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Hooshmandi M, Wong C, Lister KC, Brown N, Cai W, Ho-Tieng D, Stecum P, Backman T, Kostantin E, Khoutorsky A. Protocol for measuring protein synthesis in specific cell types in the mouse brain using in vivo non-canonical amino acid tagging. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102775. [PMID: 38085640 PMCID: PMC10783633 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The fluorescent non-canonical amino acid tagging (FUNCAT) technique has been used to visualize newly synthesized proteins in cell lines and tissues. Here, we present a protocol for measuring protein synthesis in specific cell types in the mouse brain using in vivo FUNCAT. We describe steps for metabolically labeling newly synthesized proteins with azidohomoalanine, which introduces an azide group into the polypeptide. We then detail procedures for binding a fluorophore-conjugated alkyne to the azide group to allow its visualization. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to tom Dieck et al. (2012)1 and Hooshmandi et al. (2023).2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Calvin Wong
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin C Lister
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicole Brown
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Weihua Cai
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Ho-Tieng
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patricia Stecum
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Backman
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elie Kostantin
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cite-de-la-Sante Hospital, Optilab LLL and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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2
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Sharma V, Oliveira MM, Sood R, Khlaifia A, Lou D, Hooshmandi M, Hung TY, Mahmood N, Reeves M, Ho-Tieng D, Cohen N, Cheng PC, Rahim MMA, Prager-Khoutorsky M, Kaufman RJ, Rosenblum K, Lacaille JC, Khoutorsky A, Klann E, Sonenberg N. mRNA translation in astrocytes controls hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity and memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308671120. [PMID: 38015848 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308671120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of neuronal protein synthesis upon learning is critical for the formation of long-term memory. Here, we report that learning in the contextual fear conditioning paradigm engenders a decrease in eIF2α (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2) phosphorylation in astrocytes in the hippocampal CA1 region, which promotes protein synthesis. Genetic reduction of eIF2α phosphorylation in hippocampal astrocytes enhanced contextual and spatial memory and lowered the threshold for the induction of long-lasting plasticity by modulating synaptic transmission. Thus, learning-induced dephosphorylation of eIF2α in astrocytes bolsters hippocampal synaptic plasticity and consolidation of long-term memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijendra Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B3P4, Canada
| | | | - Rapita Sood
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A1A3, Canada
| | - Abdessattar Khlaifia
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Brain and Learning, Research Group on Neural Signaling and Circuitry, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T1J4, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C1A4, Canada
| | - Danning Lou
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A1A3, Canada
| | - Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Tzu-Yu Hung
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A1A3, Canada
| | - Niaz Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A1A3, Canada
| | - Maya Reeves
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B3P4, Canada
| | - David Ho-Tieng
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Noah Cohen
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A1A3, Canada
| | - Po-Chieh Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A1A3, Canada
| | - Mir Munir A Rahim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B3P4, Canada
| | | | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program Center for Genetic Disease and Aging Research Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Kobi Rosenblum
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- Center for Gene Manipulation in the Brain, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Jean-Claude Lacaille
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Brain and Learning, Research Group on Neural Signaling and Circuitry, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T1J4, Canada
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A2B4, Canada
| | - Eric Klann
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A1A3, Canada
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3
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Wong C, Tavares-Ferreira D, Thörn Perez C, Sharif B, Uttam S, Amiri M, Lister KC, Hooshmandi M, Nguyen V, Séguéla P, Sonenberg N, Price TJ, Gkogkas CG, Khoutorsky A. 4E-BP1-dependent translation in nociceptors controls mechanical hypersensitivity via TRIM32/type I interferon signaling. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadh9603. [PMID: 37922363 PMCID: PMC10624345 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh9603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) contributes to the development of chronic pain. However, the specific mechanisms by which mTORC1 causes hypersensitivity remain elusive. The eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) is a key mTORC1 downstream effector that represses translation initiation. Here, we show that nociceptor-specific deletion of 4E-BP1, mimicking activation of mTORC1-dependent translation, is sufficient to cause mechanical hypersensitivity. Using translating ribosome affinity purification in nociceptors lacking 4E-BP1, we identified a pronounced translational up-regulation of tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes interferon signaling. Down-regulation of TRIM32 in nociceptors or blocking type I interferon signaling reversed the mechanical hypersensitivity in mice lacking 4E-BP1. Furthermore, nociceptor-specific ablation of TRIM32 alleviated mechanical hypersensitivity caused by tissue inflammation. These results show that mTORC1 in nociceptors promotes hypersensitivity via 4E-BP1-dependent up-regulation of TRIM32/interferon signaling and identify TRIM32 as a therapeutic target in inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin Wong
- Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Diana Tavares-Ferreira
- School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75080, USA
| | - Carolina Thörn Perez
- Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Behrang Sharif
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sonali Uttam
- Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mehdi Amiri
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kevin C. Lister
- Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Vivienne Nguyen
- Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Philippe Séguéla
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Theodore J. Price
- School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75080, USA
| | - Christos G. Gkogkas
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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4
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Hooshmandi M, Sharma V, Thörn Perez C, Sood R, Krimbacher K, Wong C, Lister KC, Ureña Guzmán A, Bartley TD, Rocha C, Maussion G, Nadler E, Roque PM, Gantois I, Popic J, Lévesque M, Kaufman RJ, Avoli M, Sanz E, Nader K, Hagerman RJ, Durcan TM, Costa-Mattioli M, Prager-Khoutorsky M, Lacaille JC, Martinez-Cerdeno V, Gibson JR, Huber KM, Sonenberg N, Gkogkas CG, Khoutorsky A. Excitatory neuron-specific suppression of the integrated stress response contributes to autism-related phenotypes in fragile X syndrome. Neuron 2023; 111:3028-3040.e6. [PMID: 37473758 PMCID: PMC10592416 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of protein synthesis is one of the key mechanisms underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the role of a major pathway controlling protein synthesis, the integrated stress response (ISR), in ASD remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the main arm of the ISR, eIF2α phosphorylation (p-eIF2α), is suppressed in excitatory, but not inhibitory, neurons in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome (FXS; Fmr1-/y). We further show that the decrease in p-eIF2α is mediated via activation of mTORC1. Genetic reduction of p-eIF2α only in excitatory neurons is sufficient to increase general protein synthesis and cause autism-like behavior. In Fmr1-/y mice, restoration of p-eIF2α solely in excitatory neurons reverses elevated protein synthesis and rescues autism-related phenotypes. Thus, we reveal a previously unknown causal relationship between excitatory neuron-specific translational control via the ISR pathway, general protein synthesis, and core phenotypes reminiscent of autism in a mouse model of FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Vijendra Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolina Thörn Perez
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rapita Sood
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Konstanze Krimbacher
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Calvin Wong
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin C Lister
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alba Ureña Guzmán
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Trevor D Bartley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine and Shriners Hospitals for Children of Northern California, MIND Institute, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Cecilia Rocha
- The Neuro's Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Maussion
- The Neuro's Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Emma Nadler
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Patricia Margarita Roque
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ilse Gantois
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jelena Popic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Lévesque
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery and of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Center for Genetic Disorders and Aging Research, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Massimo Avoli
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery and of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, and Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Karim Nader
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Randi Jenssen Hagerman
- MIND Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Thomas M Durcan
- The Neuro's Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Jean-Claude Lacaille
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Brain and Learning, and Research Group on Neural Signaling and Circuitry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Veronica Martinez-Cerdeno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine and Shriners Hospitals for Children of Northern California, MIND Institute, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jay R Gibson
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA
| | - Kimberly M Huber
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Christos G Gkogkas
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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5
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Chalkiadaki K, Hooshmandi M, Lach G, Statoulla E, Simbriger K, Amorim IS, Kouloulia S, Zafeiri M, Pothos P, Bonneil É, Gantois I, Popic J, Kim SH, Wong C, Cao R, Komiyama NH, Atlasi Y, Jafarnejad SM, Khoutorsky A, Gkogkas CG. Mnk1/2 kinases regulate memory and autism-related behaviours via Syngap1. Brain 2023; 146:2175-2190. [PMID: 36315645 PMCID: PMC10411928 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MAPK interacting protein kinases 1 and 2 (Mnk1/2) regulate a plethora of functions, presumably via phosphorylation of their best characterized substrate, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) on Ser209. Here, we show that, whereas deletion of Mnk1/2 (Mnk double knockout) impairs synaptic plasticity and memory in mice, ablation of phospho-eIF4E (Ser209) does not affect these processes, suggesting that Mnk1/2 possess additional downstream effectors in the brain. Translational profiling revealed only a small overlap between the Mnk1/2- and phospho-eIF4E(Ser209)-regulated translatome. We identified the synaptic Ras GTPase activating protein 1 (Syngap1), encoded by a syndromic autism gene, as a downstream target of Mnk1 because Syngap1 immunoprecipitated with Mnk1 and showed reduced phosphorylation (S788) in Mnk double knockout mice. Knockdown of Syngap1 reversed memory deficits in Mnk double knockout mice and pharmacological inhibition of Mnks rescued autism-related phenotypes in Syngap1+/- mice. Thus, Syngap1 is a downstream effector of Mnk1, and the Mnks-Syngap1 axis regulates memory formation and autism-related behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleanthi Chalkiadaki
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and The Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Department of Anesthesia and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Gilliard Lach
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and The Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Elpida Statoulla
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstanze Simbriger
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and The Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ines S Amorim
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and The Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Stella Kouloulia
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and The Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maria Zafeiri
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Pothos
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Éric Bonneil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Station Centreville, Montréal H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ilse Gantois
- Goodman Cancer Institute and Biochemistry Department, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Jelena Popic
- Goodman Cancer Institute and Biochemistry Department, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Goodman Cancer Institute and Biochemistry Department, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Calvin Wong
- Department of Anesthesia and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Ruifeng Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Noboru H Komiyama
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Yaser Atlasi
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Seyed Mehdi Jafarnejad
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Christos G Gkogkas
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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6
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Roque PS, Thörn Perez C, Hooshmandi M, Wong C, Eslamizade MJ, Heshmati S, Brown N, Sharma V, Lister KC, Goyon VM, Neagu-Lund L, Shen C, Daccache N, Sato H, Sato T, Mogil JS, Nader K, Gkogkas CG, Iordanova MD, Prager-Khoutorsky M, McBride HM, Lacaille JC, Wykes L, Schricker T, Khoutorsky A. Parvalbumin interneuron loss mediates repeated anesthesia-induced memory deficits in mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:159344. [PMID: 36394958 PMCID: PMC9843048 DOI: 10.1172/jci159344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated or prolonged, but not short-term, general anesthesia during the early postnatal period causes long-lasting impairments in memory formation in various species. The mechanisms underlying long-lasting impairment in cognitive function are poorly understood. Here, we show that repeated general anesthesia in postnatal mice induces preferential apoptosis and subsequent loss of parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons in the hippocampus. Each parvalbumin interneuron controls the activity of multiple pyramidal excitatory neurons, thereby regulating neuronal circuits and memory consolidation. Preventing the loss of parvalbumin neurons by deleting a proapoptotic protein, mitochondrial anchored protein ligase (MAPL), selectively in parvalbumin neurons rescued anesthesia-induced deficits in pyramidal cell inhibition and hippocampus-dependent long-term memory. Conversely, partial depletion of parvalbumin neurons in neonates was sufficient to engender long-lasting memory impairment. Thus, loss of parvalbumin interneurons in postnatal mice following repeated general anesthesia critically contributes to memory deficits in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Soriano Roque
- Department of Anesthesia and,School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Mohammad Javad Eslamizade
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Brain and Learning (CIRCA) and Research Group on Neural Signaling and Circuitry (GRSNC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Vijendra Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeffrey S. Mogil
- Department of Anesthesia and,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, and,Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Karim Nader
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, and
| | - Christos G. Gkogkas
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology–Hellas, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Mihaela D. Iordanova
- Department of Psychology/Centre for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - Jean-Claude Lacaille
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Brain and Learning (CIRCA) and Research Group on Neural Signaling and Circuitry (GRSNC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Linda Wykes
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia and,Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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7
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Wong C, Barkai O, Wang F, Thörn Pérez C, Lev S, Cai W, Tansley S, Yousefpour N, Hooshmandi M, Lister KC, Latif M, Cuello AC, Prager-Khoutorsky M, Mogil JS, Séguéla P, De Koninck Y, Ribeiro-da-Silva A, Binshtok AM, Khoutorsky A. mTORC2 mediates structural plasticity in distal nociceptive endings that contributes to pain hypersensitivity following inflammation. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:152635. [PMID: 35579957 PMCID: PMC9337825 DOI: 10.1172/jci152635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The encoding of noxious stimuli into action potential firing is largely mediated by nociceptive free nerve endings. Tissue inflammation, by changing the intrinsic properties of the nociceptive endings, leads to nociceptive hyperexcitability and thus to the development of inflammatory pain. Here, we showed that tissue inflammation–induced activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) triggers changes in the architecture of nociceptive terminals and leads to inflammatory pain. Pharmacological activation of mTORC2 induced elongation and branching of nociceptor peripheral endings and caused long-lasting pain hypersensitivity. Conversely, nociceptor-specific deletion of the mTORC2 regulatory protein rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (Rictor) prevented inflammation-induced elongation and branching of cutaneous nociceptive fibers and attenuated inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. Computational modeling demonstrated that mTORC2-mediated structural changes in the nociceptive terminal tree are sufficient to increase the excitability of nociceptors. Targeting mTORC2 using a single injection of antisense oligonucleotide against Rictor provided long-lasting alleviation of inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. Collectively, we showed that tissue inflammation–induced activation of mTORC2 causes structural plasticity of nociceptive free nerve endings in the epidermis and inflammatory hyperalgesia, representing a therapeutic target for inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin Wong
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Omer Barkai
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | - Shaya Lev
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Weihua Cai
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Shannon Tansley
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Noosha Yousefpour
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Kevin C Lister
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mariam Latif
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - A Claudio Cuello
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Jeffrey S Mogil
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Philippe Séguéla
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yves De Koninck
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
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8
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Hooshmandi M, Truong VT, Fields E, Thomas RE, Wong C, Sharma V, Gantois I, Soriano Roque P, Chalkiadaki K, Wu N, Chakraborty A, Tahmasebi S, Prager-Khoutorsky M, Sonenberg N, Suvrathan A, Watt AJ, Gkogkas CG, Khoutorsky A. 4E-BP2-dependent translation in cerebellar Purkinje cells controls spatial memory but not autism-like behaviors. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109036. [PMID: 33910008 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that selective activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in the cerebellum by deletion of the mTORC1 upstream repressors TSC1 or phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in Purkinje cells (PCs) causes autism-like features and cognitive deficits. However, the molecular mechanisms by which overactivated mTORC1 in the cerebellum engenders these behaviors remain unknown. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 2 (4E-BP2) is a central translational repressor downstream of mTORC1. Here, we show that mice with selective ablation of 4E-BP2 in PCs display a reduced number of PCs, increased regularity of PC action potential firing, and deficits in motor learning. Surprisingly, although spatial memory is impaired in these mice, they exhibit normal social interaction and show no deficits in repetitive behavior. Our data suggest that, downstream of mTORC1/4E-BP2, there are distinct cerebellar mechanisms independently controlling social behavior and memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Vinh Tai Truong
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Eviatar Fields
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Riya Elizabeth Thomas
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal QC, H3G1A4, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal QC, H3G1A4, Canada
| | - Calvin Wong
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Vijendra Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Ilse Gantois
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Patricia Soriano Roque
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Kleanthi Chalkiadaki
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Neil Wu
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Anindyo Chakraborty
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Soroush Tahmasebi
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Aparna Suvrathan
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal QC, H3G1A4, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal QC, H3G1A4, Canada
| | - Alanna J Watt
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Christos G Gkogkas
- Division of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada; Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada.
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9
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Kouloulia S, Hallin EI, Simbriger K, Amorim IS, Lach G, Amvrosiadis T, Chalkiadaki K, Kampaite A, Truong VT, Hooshmandi M, Jafarnejad SM, Skehel P, Kursula P, Khoutorsky A, Gkogkas CG. Raptor-Mediated Proteasomal Degradation of Deamidated 4E-BP2 Regulates Postnatal Neuronal Translation and NF-κB Activity. Cell Rep 2020; 29:3620-3635.e7. [PMID: 31825840 PMCID: PMC6915327 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The translation initiation repressor 4E-BP2 is deamidated in the brain on asparagines N99/N102 during early postnatal brain development. This post-translational modification enhances 4E-BP2 association with Raptor, a central component of mTORC1 and alters the kinetics of excitatory synaptic transmission. We show that 4E-BP2 deamidation is neuron specific, occurs in the human brain, and changes 4E-BP2 subcellular localization, but not its disordered structure state. We demonstrate that deamidated 4E-BP2 is ubiquitinated more and degrades faster than the unmodified protein. We find that enhanced deamidated 4E-BP2 degradation is dependent on Raptor binding, concomitant with increased association with a Raptor-CUL4B E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Deamidated 4E-BP2 stability is promoted by inhibiting mTORC1 or glutamate receptors. We further demonstrate that deamidated 4E-BP2 regulates the translation of a distinct pool of mRNAs linked to cerebral development, mitochondria, and NF-κB activity, and thus may be crucial for postnatal brain development in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ASD. Deamidated 4E-BP2 occurs in neurons and is susceptible to ubiquitination/degradation mTORC1 or glutamate receptor inhibition stabilizes deamidated 4E-BP2 A Raptor-CUL4B ubiquitin ligase complex binds to deamidated 4E-BP2 Deamidated 4E-BP2 regulates postnatal brain translation and NF-κB activity
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Kouloulia
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Erik I Hallin
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5020, Norway
| | - Konstanze Simbriger
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Inês S Amorim
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Gilliard Lach
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Theoklitos Amvrosiadis
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Kleanthi Chalkiadaki
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Agniete Kampaite
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Vinh Tai Truong
- Department of Anesthesia and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal H3A 0G1, QC, Canada
| | - Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Department of Anesthesia and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal H3A 0G1, QC, Canada
| | - Seyed Mehdi Jafarnejad
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Paul Skehel
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Petri Kursula
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5020, Norway; Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal H3A 0G1, QC, Canada.
| | - Christos G Gkogkas
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK.
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10
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Hooshmandi M, Wong C, Khoutorsky A. Dysregulation of translational control signaling in autism spectrum disorders. Cell Signal 2020; 75:109746. [PMID: 32858122 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Deviations from the optimal level of mRNA translation are linked to disorders with high rates of autism. Loss of function mutations in genes encoding translational repressors such as PTEN, TSC1, TSC2, and FMRP are associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in humans and their deletion in animals recapitulates many ASD-like phenotypes. Importantly, the activity of key translational control signaling pathways such as PI3K-mTORC1 and ERK is frequently dysregulated in autistic patients and animal models and their normalization rescues many abnormal phenotypes, suggesting a causal relationship. Mutations in several genes encoding proteins not directly involved in translational control have also been shown to mediate ASD phenotypes via altered signaling upstream of translation. This raises the possibility that the dysregulation of translational control signaling is a converging mechanism not only in familiar but also in sporadic forms of autism. Here, we overview the current knowledge on translational signaling in ASD and highlight how correcting the activity of key pathways upstream of translation reverses distinct ASD-like phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Calvin Wong
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada.
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11
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Hosseini SR, Kaka G, Joghataei MT, Hooshmandi M, Sadraie SH, Yaghoobi K, Mansoori K, Mohammadi A. Coadministration of Dexamethasone and Melissa officinalis Has Neuroprotective Effects in Rat Animal Model with Spinal Cord Injury. Cell J 2017; 19:102-116. [PMID: 28367421 PMCID: PMC5241506 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes inflammation, deformity and cell loss. It has
been shown that Melissa officinalis (MO), as herbal medicine, and dexamethasone (DEX)
are useful in the prevention of various neurological diseases. The present study evaluated
combinational effects of DEX and MO on spinal cord injury.
Materials and Methods Thirty six adult male Wistar rats were used in this experimental
study. The weight-drop contusion method was employed to induce spinal cord injury in
rats. DEX and MO were administrated alone and together in different treatment groups.
Intra-muscular injection of DEX (1 mg/kg) was started three hours after injury and continued
once a day for seven days after injury. Intra-peritoneal (I.P) injection of MO (150 mg/
kg) was started one day after injury and continued once a day for 14 days.
Results Our results showed motor and sensory functions were improved significantly in
the group received a combination of DEX and MO, compared to spinal cord injury group.
Mean cavity area was decreased and loss of lower motor neurons and astrogliosis in the
ventral horn of spinal cord was significantly prevented in the group received combination
of DEX and Melissa officinalis, compared to spinal cord injury group. Furthermore, the
findings showed a significant augmentation of electromyography (EMG) recruitment index,
increase of myelin diameter, and up-regulation of myelin basic protein in the treated
group with combination of DEX and MO.
Conclusion Results showed that combination of DEX and MO could be considered as a
neuroprotective agent in spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gholamreza Kaka
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Homayoon Sadraie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kayvan Yaghoobi
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Korosh Mansoori
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mohammadi
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Shaabani M, Lotfi Y, Karimian SM, Rahgozar M, Hooshmandi M. Data on galvanic-evoked head movements in healthy and unilaterally labyrinthectomized rats. Data Brief 2016; 9:338-44. [PMID: 27672673 PMCID: PMC5030318 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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13
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Hosseini SR, Kaka G, Joghataei MT, Hooshmandi M, Sadraie SH, Yaghoobi K, Mohammadi A. Assessment of Neuroprotective Properties of Melissa officinalis in Combination With Human Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells After Spinal Cord Injury. ASN Neuro 2016; 8:1759091416674833. [PMID: 27815336 PMCID: PMC5098695 DOI: 10.1177/1759091416674833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI) has a classically bad prognosis. It has been demonstrated that human umbilical cord blood stem cells (hUCBSCs) and Melissa officinalis (MO) are useful for the prevention of neurological disease. METHODS Thirty-six adult male rats were randomly divided into intact, sham, control (SCI), MO, hUCBSC, and MO-hUCBSC groups. Intraperitoneal injection of MO (150 mg/kg) was commenced 24 hr post-SCI and continued once a day for 14 days. Intraspinal grafting of hUCBSCs was commenced immediately in the next day. The motor and sensory functions of all animals were evaluated once a week after the commencement of SCI. Electromyography (EMG) was performed in the last day in order to measure the recruitment index. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and transmission electron microscopy evaluations were performed to determine the level of astrogliosis and myelination. RESULTS The results revealed that motor function (MO-hUCBSC: 15 ± 0.3, SCI: 8.2 ± 0.37, p < .001), sensory function (MO-hUCBSC: 3.57 ± 0.19, SCI: 6.38 ± 0.23, p < .001), and EMG recruitment index (MO-hUCBSC: 3.71 ± 0.18, SCI: 1.6 ± 0.1, p < .001) were significantly improved in the MO-hUCBSC group compared with SCI group. Mean cavity area (MO-hUCBSC: 0.03 ± 0.03, SCI: 0.07 ± 0.004, p < .001) was reduced and loss of lower motor neurons (MO-hUCBSC: 7.6 ± 0.43, SCI: 3 ± 0.12, p < .001) and astrogliosis density (MO-hUCBSC: 3.1 ± 0.15, SCI: 6.25 ± 1.42, p < 0.001) in the ventral horn of spinal cord were prevented in MO-hUCBSC group compared with SCI group. CONCLUSION The results revealed that the combination of MO and hUCBSCs in comparison with the control group has neuroprotective effects in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gholamreza Kaka
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Homayoon Sadraie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kayvan Yaghoobi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mohammadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Shaabani M, Lotfi Y, Karimian SM, Rahgozar M, Hooshmandi M. Short-term galvanic vestibular stimulation promotes functional recovery and neurogenesis in unilaterally labyrinthectomized rats. Brain Res 2016; 1648:152-162. [PMID: 27444558 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Current experimental research on the therapeutic effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) has mainly focused on neurodegenerative disorders. However, it primarily stimulates the vestibular nuclei and could be potentially effective in modulating imbalance between them in the case of unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL). Fifty male Wistar rats (180-220g) were used in 5 groups of 10: intact, sham, right-UL (RUL; without intervention), and two other right-UL groups with GVS intervention [one group treated with low rate GVS (GVS.LF; 6-7Hz), and the other treated with high rate GVS (GVS.HF; 17-18Hz)]. The UL models were prepared by intratympanic injection of sodium arsanilate. GVS protocols were implemented 30min/day and continued for 14 days via ring-shaped copper electrodes inserted subcutaneously over each mastoid. Functional recovery was assessed by several postural tests including support surface area, landing and air-righting reflexes, and rotarod procedure. Immunohistochemical investigations were performed on ipsi- and contra-lesional medial vestibular nuclei (MVN) using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and Ki67, as markers of cell proliferation. Behavioral evaluations showed significant functional recovery of GVS-treated groups compared to RUL group. The percent of marked cells with BrdU and Ki67 were significantly higher in the ipsilesional MVN of both GVS-treated groups compared with other groups. Our findings confirmed the effectiveness of GVS-intervention in accelerating static and dynamic vestibular compensation. This could be explained by the cell proliferation in ipsilesional MVN cells and rapid rebalancing of the VNs and the modulation of their motor outputs. Therefore, GVS could be promising for rehabilitating patients with unilateral vestibular weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Shaabani
- Audiology Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yones Lotfi
- Audiology Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Morteza Karimian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahgozar
- Biostatistics Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hooshmandi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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