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Di Stefano AB, Grisafi F, Perez-Alea M, Castiglia M, Di Simone M, Meraviglia S, Cordova A, Moschella F, Toia F. Cell quality evaluation with gene expression analysis of spheroids (3D) and adherent (2D) adipose stem cells. Gene 2020; 768:145269. [PMID: 33148459 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) represent a reliable source of stem cells with a widely demonstrated potential in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. New recent insights suggest that three-dimensional (3D) models may closely mimic the native tissue properties; spheroids from adipose derived stem cells (SASCs) exhibit enhanced regenerative abilities compared with those of 2D models. Stem cell therapy success is determined by "cell-quality"; for this reason, the involvement of stress signals and cellular aging need to be further investigated. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of genes connected with stemness, aging, telomeric length and oxidative stress, in 3D and 2D primary cultures. The expression levels of stemness-related markers and anti-aging Sirtuin1 were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.001) in SASCs-3D while gene expression of aging-related p16INK4a was increased in ASCs-2D (P < 0.001). The 3D and 2D cultures also had a different gene expression profile for genes related to telomere maintenance (Shelterin complex, RNA Binding proteins and DNA repair genes) (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001) and oxidative stress (aldehyde dehydrogenase class1 and 3) (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001) and presented a striking large variation in their cellular redox state. Based on our findings, we propose a "cell quality" model of SASCs, highlighting a precise molecular expression of several genes involved with stemness (SOX2, POU5F1 and NANOG), anti-aging (SIRT1), oxidative stress (ALDH3) and telomeres maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barbara Di Stefano
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Federica Grisafi
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mileidys Perez-Alea
- Advanced BioDesign, Parc Technologique de Lyon, Woodstock - Bâtiment Cèdre 1, Saint Priest, France
| | - Marta Castiglia
- Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Di Simone
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnosis, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Meraviglia
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnosis, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriana Cordova
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Moschella
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Toia
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Artero-Castro A, Perez-Alea M, Feliciano A, Leal JA, Genestar M, Castellvi J, Peg V, Ramón Y Cajal S, Lleonart MEL. Disruption of the ribosomal P complex leads to stress-induced autophagy. Autophagy 2016; 11:1499-519. [PMID: 26176264 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1063764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The human ribosomal P complex, which consists of the acidic ribosomal P proteins RPLP0, RPLP1, and RPLP2 (RPLP proteins), recruits translational factors, facilitating protein synthesis. Recently, we showed that overexpression of RPLP1 immortalizes primary cells and contributes to transformation. Moreover, RPLP proteins are overexpressed in human cancer, with the highest incidence in breast carcinomas. It is thought that disruption of the P complex would directly affect protein synthesis, causing cell growth arrest and eventually apoptosis. Here, we report a distinct mechanism by which cancer cells undergo cell cycle arrest and induced autophagy when RPLP proteins are downregulated. We found that absence of RPLP0, RPLP1, or RPLP2 resulted in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and MAPK1/ERK2 signaling pathway activation. Moreover, ROS generation led to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that involved the EIF2AK3/PERK-EIF2S1/eIF2α-EIF2S2-EIF2S3-ATF4/ATF-4- and ATF6/ATF-6-dependent arms of the unfolded protein response (UPR). RPLP protein-deficient cells treated with autophagy inhibitors experienced apoptotic cell death as an alternative to autophagy. Strikingly, antioxidant treatment prevented UPR activation and autophagy while restoring the proliferative capacity of these cells. Our results indicate that ROS are a critical signal generated by disruption of the P complex that causes a cellular response that follows a sequential order: first ROS, then ER stress/UPR activation, and finally autophagy. Importantly, inhibition of the first step alone is able to restore the proliferative capacity of the cells, preventing UPR activation and autophagy. Overall, our results support a role for autophagy as a survival mechanism in response to stress due to RPLP protein deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Artero-Castro
- a Oncology and Pathology Group ; Pathology Department; Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron ; Barcelona , Spain
| | - Mileidys Perez-Alea
- a Oncology and Pathology Group ; Pathology Department; Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron ; Barcelona , Spain
| | - Andrea Feliciano
- a Oncology and Pathology Group ; Pathology Department; Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron ; Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jose A Leal
- a Oncology and Pathology Group ; Pathology Department; Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron ; Barcelona , Spain
| | - Mónica Genestar
- a Oncology and Pathology Group ; Pathology Department; Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron ; Barcelona , Spain
| | - Josep Castellvi
- a Oncology and Pathology Group ; Pathology Department; Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron ; Barcelona , Spain
| | - Vicente Peg
- a Oncology and Pathology Group ; Pathology Department; Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron ; Barcelona , Spain
| | - Santiago Ramón Y Cajal
- a Oncology and Pathology Group ; Pathology Department; Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron ; Barcelona , Spain
| | - Matilde E L Lleonart
- a Oncology and Pathology Group ; Pathology Department; Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron ; Barcelona , Spain
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Fuxe K, Borroto-Escuela DO, Tarakanov AO, Romero-Fernandez W, Ferraro L, Tanganelli S, Perez-Alea M, Di Palma M, Agnati LF. Dopamine D2 heteroreceptor complexes and their receptor-receptor interactions in ventral striatum: novel targets for antipsychotic drugs. Prog Brain Res 2014; 211:113-39. [PMID: 24968778 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63425-2.00005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review is focused on the D2 heteroreceptor complexes within the ventral striatum with their receptor-receptor interactions and relevance for the treatment of schizophrenia. A "guide-and-clasp" manner for receptor-receptor interactions is proposed where "adhesive guides" may be amino acid triplet homologies, which were determined for different kinds of D2 heteroreceptor complexes. The first putative D2 heteroreceptor complex to be discovered in relation to schizophrenia was the A2A-D2 heteroreceptor complex where antagonistic A2A-D2 receptor-receptor interactions were demonstrated after A2A agonist treatment in the ventral striatum. The A2A agonist CGS 21680 with atypical antipsychotic properties may at least in part act by increasing β-arrestin2 signaling over the D2 protomer in the A2A-D2 heteroreceptor complex in the ventral striatum. The antagonistic NTS1-D2 interactions in the NTS1-D2 heteroreceptor complex in the ventral striatum are proposed as one molecular mechanism for the potential antipsychotic effects of NT. Indications were obtained that the psychotic actions of the 5-HT2AR hallucinogens LSD and DOI can involve enhancement of D2R protomer signaling via a biased agonist action at the 5-HT2A protomer in the D2-5-HT2A heteroreceptor complex in the ventral striatum. Facilitatory allosteric D2likeR-OTR interactions in heteroreceptor complexes in nucleus accumbens may have a role in social and emotional behaviors. By blocking the D2 protomers of these heteroreceptor complexes, antipsychotics can fail to reduce the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The discovery of different types of D2 heteroreceptor complexes gives an increased understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in causing schizophrenia and new strategies for its treatment and understanding the side effects of antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Alexander O Tarakanov
- Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automatation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sergio Tanganelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mileidys Perez-Alea
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Di Palma
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Earth, Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Physiology, Campus Scientifico 'Enrico Mattei', Urbino, Italy
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