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de Oliveira GC, Rocha SC, da Silva Lopes MA, Paixão N, Alves SLG, Pessoa MTC, Noël F, Quintas LEM, Barbosa LA, Villar JAFP, Cortes VF. Implications of Synthetic Modifications of the Cardiotonic Steroid Lactone Ring on Cytotoxicity. J Membr Biol 2021; 254:487-497. [PMID: 34128090 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-021-00186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Na,K-ATPase (NKA) and cardiotonic steroids (CTS) have shown potent cytotoxic and anticancer effects. Here, we have synthesized a series of CTS digoxin derivatives (γ-benzylidene) with substitutions in the lactone ring and evaluated the cytotoxicity caused by digoxin derivatives in tumor and non-tumor cells lines, as well as their effects on NKA. The cytotoxicity assay was determined in HeLa, A549, and WI-26 VA4 after they were treated for 48 h with increased concentrations of CTS. The effects of CTS on NKA activity and immunoblotting of α1 and β1 isoforms were evaluated at IC50 concentrations in A549 cell membrane. NKA activity from mouse brain cortex was also measured. The majority of CTS exhibited low cytotoxicity in tumor and non-tumor cells, presenting IC50 values at micromolar concentrations, while digoxin showed cytotoxicity at nanomolar concentrations. BD-15 presented the lowest IC50 value (8 µM) in A549 and reduced its NKA activity in 28%. In contrast, BD-7 was the compound that most inhibited NKA (56% inhibition) and presented high IC50 value for A549. In mouse cortex, only BD-15 modulated the enzyme activity in a concentration-dependent inhibition curve. These results demonstrate that the cytotoxicity of these compounds is not related to NKA inhibition. The substitutions in the lactone ring of digoxin led to an increase in the cytotoxic concentration in tumor cells, which may not be interesting for cancer, but it has the advantage of increasing the therapeutic margin of these molecules when compared to classic CTS, and can be used safely in research for other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Capanema de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Sayonarah Carvalho Rocha
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Miliane Alves da Silva Lopes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Bioquímica e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Av Carlos Chagas, 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Natasha Paixão
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Bioquímica e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Av Carlos Chagas, 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Silmara Lúcia Grego Alves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Nanoestruturas, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio Corrêa Pessoa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil.,Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - François Noël
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Bioquímica e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Av Carlos Chagas, 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo M Quintas
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Bioquímica e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Av Carlos Chagas, 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leandro Augusto Barbosa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Ferreira Perez Villar
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Nanoestruturas, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Faria Cortes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil.
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