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Alsaedi A, Alharbi M, Ossenkopp J, Farahat F, Taguas R, Algarni M, Alghamdi A, Okdah L, Alhayli S, Alswaji A, Doumith M, El-Saed A, Alzahrani M, Alshamrani M, Alghoribi MF. Epidemiological and molecular description of nosocomial outbreak of COVID-19 Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant in Saudi Arabia. J Infect Public Health 2022; 15:1279-1286. [PMID: 36274368 PMCID: PMC9557135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nosocomial outbreaks frequently occurred during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, sharing experiences on outbreak containment is vital to reduce the related burden in different locations. OBJECTIVES This article aims at sharing a practical experience on COVID-19 outbreak containment, including contact tracing, screening of target population, testing including molecular analysis, and preventive modalities. It also provides an epidemiological and molecular analysis of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection outbreak in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia. METHODS The outbreak occurred in a non-COVID medical ward at a tertiary care hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from 22nd March and 15th April 2021. The multidisciplinary outbreak response team performed clinical and epidemiological investigations. Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS) was implemented on selected isolates for further molecular characterization. RESULTS A total of eight nurses (20 % of the assigned ward nurses) and six patients (16.2 % of the ward admitted patients at the time of the outbreak) tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus based on PCR testing. The outbreak investigation identified strong evidence of an epidemiologic link between the affected cases. WGS revealed a set of spike mutations and deletions specific to the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7 lineage). All the nurses had mild symptoms, and the fatality among the patients was 50 % (three out of the six patients). CONCLUSIONS The current nosocomial COVID-19 outbreak, caused by the Alpha variant, revealed multiple breaches in the adherence to the hospital infection control recommended measures. Containment strategies were successful in controlling the outbreak and limiting infection spread. Molecular analysis and genome sequencing are essential tools besides epidemiological investigation to inform appropriate actions, especially with emerging pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Alsaedi
- Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Alharbi
- Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - John Ossenkopp
- Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayssal Farahat
- Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roxanne Taguas
- Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa Algarni
- Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alghamdi
- Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Liliane Okdah
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadeem Alhayli
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alswaji
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michel Doumith
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiman El-Saed
- Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alzahrani
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia; Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alshamrani
- Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed F Alghoribi
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia.
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Bin Lajdam G, Alaryani K, Ghaddaf AA, Aljabri A, Halawani A, Alshareef M, Algarni M, Al-Hakami H. Septoplasty versus septoplasty with turbinate reduction for nasal obstruction due to deviated nasal septum: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rhinology 2022; 60:411-420. [PMID: 36150153 DOI: 10.4193/rhin22.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compensatory inferior turbinate hypertrophy is a common accompanying manifestation in patients with nasal obstruction due to deviated nasal septum (DNS). The grounds for inferior turbinate reduction (ITR) in this population are still not well established. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of septoplasty with ITR versus septoplasty alone. METHODS Computerised search in Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL was performed. Eligible for inclusion were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing septoplasty to septoplasty with unilateral, contralateral, ITR in adults with DNS. Primary outcomes were health-related quality of life and nasal patency. The secondary outcome was the occurrence of adverse events. Standardised mean differences (SMD) and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS Twelve RCTs that enrolled 775 participants were found eligible. Data were reported at follow-up periods ranging from 1 month to 48 months. The pooled effect estimate showed a statistically significant improvement with unilateral, contralateral, ITR in Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale (NOSE) scores. The rate of adverse events was significantly higher with ITR. CONCLUSIONS Unilateral reduction of the hypertrophied contralateral inferior turbinate during septoplasty resulted in better subjective relief of nasal obstruction in adults with DNS than septoplasty alone. However, caution is warranted since only few well-designed RCTs were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bin Lajdam
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Alaryani
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Ghaddaf
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Aljabri
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Halawani
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alshareef
- Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Algarni
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Al-Hakami
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Algarni
- Mathematical Sciences Department, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H. Al-Ghamdi
- Physics Department, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Abdel-Khalek
- Mathematics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Alsafadi N, Khan M, Abrar M, Saeedi F, Albarakati Y, Alshaikh A, Algarni M, Ahmad BAL, Chantel C, Jaber S, Noor E. Adaptive Radiation Therapy in Adults With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study at 1 Institution. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.12.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mahida S, Algarni M, Rittenhouse B. Effect of Excluding Non-Patient Benefits As An Element On Acmg Newborn Screening (Nbs) Recommendations. Value Health 2014; 17:A541. [PMID: 27201743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Mahida
- MCPHS University, Boston, MA, USA
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