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Paudel BB, Tan SF, Fox TE, Ung J, Golla U, Shaw JJP, Dunton W, Lee I, Fares WA, Patel S, Sharma A, Viny AD, Barth BM, Tallman MS, Cabot M, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Levine RL, Kester M, Feith DJ, Claxton D, Janes KA, Loughran TP. Acute myeloid leukemia stratifies as 2 clinically relevant sphingolipidomic subtypes. Blood Adv 2024; 8:1137-1142. [PMID: 38170742 PMCID: PMC10909712 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. Bishal Paudel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Su-Fern Tan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Todd E. Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Johnson Ung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology/Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Upendarrao Golla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Jeremy J. P. Shaw
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Wendy Dunton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Irene Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Wisam A. Fares
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Satyam Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Arati Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA
| | - Aaron D. Viny
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, and of Genetics & Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Brian M. Barth
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Health Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Alaska Southeast, Juneau, AK
| | - Martin S. Tallman
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Myles Cabot
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Francine E. Garrett-Bakelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Ross L. Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - David J. Feith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA
| | - David Claxton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA
| | - Kevin A. Janes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Thomas P. Loughran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA
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Paudel BB, Tan SF, Fox TE, Ung J, Shaw J, Dunton W, Lee I, Sharma A, Viny AD, Barth BM, Tallman MS, Cabot M, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Levine RL, Kester M, Claxton D, Feith DJ, Janes KA, Loughran TP. Acute myeloid leukemia stratifies as two clinically relevant sphingolipidomic subtypes. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.13.536805. [PMID: 37131653 PMCID: PMC10153188 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.13.536805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive disease with complex and heterogeneous biology. Although several genomic classifications have been proposed, there is a growing interest in going beyond genomics to stratify AML. In this study, we profile the sphingolipid family of bioactive molecules in 213 primary AML samples and 30 common human AML cell lines. Using an integrative approach, we identify two distinct sphingolipid subtypes in AML characterized by a reciprocal abundance of hexosylceramide (Hex) and sphingomyelin (SM) species. The two Hex-SM clusters organize diverse samples more robustly than known AML driver mutations and are coupled to latent transcriptional states. Using transcriptomic data, we develop a machine-learning classifier to infer the Hex-SM status of AML cases in TCGA and BeatAML clinical repositories. The analyses show that the sphingolipid subtype with deficient Hex and abundant SM is enriched for leukemic stemness transcriptional programs and comprises an unappreciated high-risk subgroup with poor clinical outcomes. Our sphingolipid-focused examination of AML identifies patients least likely to benefit from standard of care and raises the possibility that sphingolipidomic interventions could switch the subtype of AML patients who otherwise lack targetable alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Bishal Paudel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Su-Fern Tan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Todd E. Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Johnson Ung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Jeremy Shaw
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Wendy Dunton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Irene Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Arati Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA
| | - Aaron D. Viny
- Departments of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, and of Genetics & Development, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Brian M. Barth
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Health Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD
| | - Martin S. Tallman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Chicago, IL
| | - Myles Cabot
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, and the East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Francine E. Garrett-Bakelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- University of Virginia Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Ross L. Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- University of Virginia Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA
| | - David Claxton
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - David J. Feith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- University of Virginia Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Kevin A. Janes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- University of Virginia Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Thomas P. Loughran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- University of Virginia Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA
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Morlet E, Costemale-Lacoste JF, Poulet E, McMahon K, Hoertel N, Limosin F, Alezrah C, Amado I, Amar G, Andréi O, Arbault D, Archambault G, Aurifeuille G, Barrière S, Béra-Potelle C, Blumenstock Y, Bardou H, Bareil-Guérin M, Barrau P, Barrouillet C, Baup E, Bazin N, Beaufils B, Ben Ayed J, Benoit M, Benyacoub K, Bichet T, Blanadet F, Blanc O, Blanc-Comiti J, Boussiron D, Bouysse AM, Brochard A, Brochart O, Bucheron B, Cabot M, Camus V, Chabannes JM, Charlot V, Charpeaud T, Clad-Mor C, Combes C, Comisu M, Cordier B, Costi F, Courcelles JP, Creixell M, Cuche H, Cuervo-Lombard C, Dammak A, Da Rin D, Denis JB, Denizot H, Deperthuis A, Diers E, Dirami S, Donneau D, Dreano P, Dubertret C, Duprat E, Duthoit D, Fernandez C, Fonfrede P, Freitas N, Gasnier P, Gauillard J, Getten F, Gierski F, Godart F, Gourevitch R, Grassin Delyle A, Gremion J, Gres H, Griner V, Guerin-Langlois C, Guggiari C, Guillin O, Hadaoui H, Haffen E, Hanon C, Haouzir S, Hazif-Thomas C, Heron A, Hubsch B, Jalenques I, Januel D, Kaladjian A, Karnycheff JF, Kebir O, Krebs MO, Lajugie C, Leboyer M, Legrand P, Lejoyeux M, Lemaire V, Leroy E, Levy-Chavagnat D, Leydier A, Liling C, Llorca PM, Loeffel P, Louville P, Lucas Navarro S, Mages N, Mahi M, Maillet O, Manetti A, Martelli C, Martin P, Masson M, Maurs-Ferrer I, Mauvieux J, Mazmanian S, Mechin E, Mekaoui L, Meniai M, Metton A, Mihoubi A, Miron M, Mora G, Niro Adès V, Nubukpo P, Omnes C, Papin S, Paris P, Passerieux C, Pellerin J, Perlbarg J, Perron S, Petit A, Petitjean F, Portefaix C, Pringuey D, Radtchenko A, Rahiou H, Raucher-Chéné D, Rauzy A, Reinheimer L, Renard M, René M, Rengade CE, Reynaud P, Robin D, Rodrigues C, Rollet A, Rondepierre F, Rousselot B, Rubingher S, Saba G, Salvarelli JP, Samuelian JC, Scemama-Ammar C, Schurhoff F, Schuster JP, Sechter D, Segalas B, Seguret T, Seigneurie AS, Semmak A, Slama F, Taisne S, Taleb M, Terra JL, Thefenne D, Tran E, Tourtauchaux R, Vacheron MN, Vandel P, Vanhoucke V, Venet E, Verdoux H, Viala A, Vidon G, Vitre M, Vurpas JL, Wagermez C, Walter M, Yon L, Zendjidjian X. Psychiatric and physical outcomes of long-term use of lithium in older adults with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: A cross-sectional multicenter study. J Affect Disord 2019; 259:210-217. [PMID: 31446382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although lithium is widely used in current practice to treat bipolar disorder (BD) and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) among older adults, little is known about its efficacy and tolerability in this population, which is generally excluded from randomized clinical trials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of long-term use of lithium among older adults with BD and MDD. METHOD Data from the Cohort of individuals with Schizophrenia and mood disorders Aged 55 years or more (CSA) were used. Two groups of patients with BD and MDD were compared: those who were currently receiving lithium versus those who were not. The effects of lithium on psychiatric (i.e., depressive symptoms severity, perceived clinical severity, rates of psychiatric admissions in the past-year), geriatric (overall and cognitive functioning) and physical outcomes (i.e., rates of non-psychiatric medical comorbidities and general hospital admissions in the past-year) were evaluated. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, duration of disorder, diagnosis, smoking status, alcohol use, and use of antipsychotics, antiepileptics or antidepressants. RESULTS Among the 281 older participants with BD or MDD, 15.7% were taking lithium for a mean duration of 12.5(SD = 11.6) years. Lithium use was associated with lower intensity of depressive symptoms, reduced perceived clinical global severity and lower benzodiazepine use (all p < 0.05), without being linked to greater rates of medical comorbidities, except for hypothyroidism. LIMITATIONS Data were cross-sectional and data on lifetime history of psychotropic medications was not assessed. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that long-term lithium use may be efficient and relatively well-tolerated in older adults with BD or treatment-resistant MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Morlet
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
| | - Jean-François Costemale-Lacoste
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; INSERM UMRS 1178, CESP, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
| | - Emmanuel Poulet
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, PSY-R2 Team, Lyon F-69000, France
| | - Kibby McMahon
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, 2213 Elba Street, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Nicolas Hoertel
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Beltempo M, Lacroix G, Cabot M, Blais R, Piedboeuf B. Association of nursing overtime, nurse staffing and unit occupancy with medical incidents and outcomes of very preterm infants. J Perinatol 2018; 38:175-180. [PMID: 28933776 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2017.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of nursing overtime, nursing provision and unit occupancy rate with medical incident rates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the risk of mortality or major morbidity among very preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN Single center retrospective cohort study of infants born within 23 to 29 weeks of gestational age or birth weight <1000 g admitted at a 56 bed, level III NICU. Nursing overtime ratios (nursing overtime hours/total nursing hours), nursing provision ratios (nursing hours/recommended nursing hours based on patient dependency categories) and unit occupancy rates were pooled for all shifts during NICU hospitalization of each infant. Log-binomial models assessed their association with the composite outcome (mortality or major morbidity). RESULTS Of the 257 infants that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (51%) developed the composite outcome. In the adjusted multivariable analyses, high (>3.4%) relative to low nursing overtime ratios (⩽3.4%) were not associated with the composite outcome (relative risk (RR): 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86 to 1.02). High nursing provision ratios (>1) were associated with a lower risk of the composite outcome relative to low ones (⩽1) (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.90). NICU occupancy rates were not associated with the composite outcome (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.07, high (>100%) vs low (⩽100%)). Days with high nursing provision ratios (>1) were also associated with lower risk of having medical incidents (RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.82 to 0.99). CONCLUSION High nursing provision ratio during NICU hospitalization is associated with a lower risk of a composite adverse outcome in very preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beltempo
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - G Lacroix
- Department of Economics, Université Laval, Ville de Québec, QC, Canada
| | - M Cabot
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec and Université Laval, Ville de Québec, QC, Canada
| | - R Blais
- Department of Health Administration, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - B Piedboeuf
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec and Université Laval, Ville de Québec, QC, Canada
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Beltempo M, Lacroix G, Cabot M, Beauchesne V, Piedboeuf B. 6: Patient Volume and Nursing Overtime Increased Risk of Nosocomial Infection in the NICU. Paediatr Child Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/19.6.e35-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Beltempo M, Lacroix G, Cabot M, Beauchesne V, Piedboeuf B. 34: Nursing Overtime Increases the Risk of Medical Incidents in the NICU. Paediatr Child Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/19.6.e35-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Gouaze-Andersson V, Yu J, Kreitenberg A, Giuliano A, Cabot M. 185 POSTER Sphingolipids enhance experession of the multidrug resistance phenotype in human breast cancer cells. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)70190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Zheng W, Kollmeyer J, Symolon H, Momin A, Munter E, Wang E, Kelly S, Allegood JC, Liu Y, Peng Q, Ramaraju H, Sullards MC, Cabot M, Merrill AH. Ceramides and other bioactive sphingolipid backbones in health and disease: lipidomic analysis, metabolism and roles in membrane structure, dynamics, signaling and autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006; 1758:1864-84. [PMID: 17052686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2006] [Accepted: 08/16/2006] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are comprised of a backbone sphingoid base that may be phosphorylated, acylated, glycosylated, bridged to various headgroups through phosphodiester linkages, or otherwise modified. Organisms usually contain large numbers of sphingolipid subspecies and knowledge about the types and amounts is imperative because they influence membrane structure, interactions with the extracellular matrix and neighboring cells, vesicular traffic and the formation of specialized structures such as phagosomes and autophagosomes, as well as participate in intracellular and extracellular signaling. Fortunately, "sphingolipidomic" analysis is becoming feasible (at least for important subsets such as all of the backbone "signaling" subspecies: ceramides, ceramide 1-phosphates, sphingoid bases, sphingoid base 1-phosphates, inter alia) using mass spectrometry, and these profiles are revealing many surprises, such as that under certain conditions cells contain significant amounts of "unusual" species: N-mono-, di-, and tri-methyl-sphingoid bases (including N,N-dimethylsphingosine); 3-ketodihydroceramides; N-acetyl-sphingoid bases (C2-ceramides); and dihydroceramides, in the latter case, in very high proportions when cells are treated with the anticancer drug fenretinide (4-hydroxyphenylretinamide). The elevation of DHceramides by fenretinide is befuddling because the 4,5-trans-double bond of ceramide has been thought to be required for biological activity; however, DHceramides induce autophagy and may be important in the regulation of this important cellular process. The complexity of the sphingolipidome is hard to imagine, but one hopes that, when partnered with other systems biology approaches, the causes and consequences of the complexity will explain how these intriguing compounds are involved in almost every aspect of cell behavior and the malfunctions of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zheng
- School of Biology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0230, USA
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DeMasters GA, Gupta MS, Jones KR, Cabot M, Wang H, Gennings C, Park M, Bratland A, Ree AH, Gewirtz DA. Potentiation of cell killing by fractionated radiation and suppression of proliferative recovery in MCF-7 breast tumor cells by the Vitamin D3 analog EB 1089. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2004; 92:365-74. [PMID: 15698541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2004.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2004] [Accepted: 07/26/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A senescence-like growth arrest succeeded by recovery of proliferative capacity was observed in MCF-7 breast tumor cells exposed to fractionated radiation, 5 x 2 Gy. Exposure to EB 1089, an analog of the steroid hormone 1alpha, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha, 25 dihydroxy Vitamin D(3); calcitriol), prior to irradiation promoted cell death and delayed both the development of a senescent phenotype and the recovery of proliferative capacity. EB 1089 also reduced clonogenic survival over and above that produced by fractionated radiation alone and further conferred susceptibility to apoptosis in MCF-7 cells exposed to radiation. In contrast, EB 1089 failed to enhance the response to radiation (or to promote apoptosis) in normal breast epithelial cells or BJ fibroblast cells. EB 1089 treatment and fractionated radiation additively promoted ceramide generation and suppressed expression of polo-like kinase 1. Taken together, these data indicate that EB 1089 (and 1alpha, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol or its analogs) could selectively enhance breast tumor cell sensitivity to radiation through the promotion of cell death, in part through the generation of ceramide and the suppression of polo-like kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald A DeMasters
- Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology and Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia, P.O. Box 980230, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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O'Day SJ, Boasberg PD, Kristedja TS, Martin M, Wang HJ, Fournier P, Cabot M, DeGregorio MW, Gammon G. High-dose tamoxifen added to concurrent biochemotherapy with decrescendo interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic melanoma. Cancer 2001; 92:609-19. [PMID: 11505406 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20010801)92:3<609::aid-cncr1361>3.0.co;2-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro cell culture data and preclinical models suggest that tamoxifen modulates tumor cell sensitivity to a wide range of therapeutic agents. In the current study, the authors examined whether high-dose tamoxifen (HDT) improved the overall and complete response in patients with metastatic melanoma who were treated with concurrent biochemotherapy. METHODS Forty-nine patients were treated with a biochemotherapy regimen of dacarbazine, vinblastine, cisplatin, decrescendo interleukin-2, interferon-alpha-2b, and tamoxifen. The study had a 2-step design, beginning with a tamoxifen dose escalation from 40 mg to 320 mg (17 subjects) to evaluate safety and tolerability, followed by Phase II accrual of 32 patients to HDT (320 mg) to assess clinical efficacy. Efficacy was compared with a similar modified biochemotherapy regimen with low-dose tamoxifen (LDT). Pharmacokinetic studies were performed to determine in vivo tamoxifen levels. RESULTS Tamoxifen dose escalation was completed without any reported dose-limiting toxicity. The overall response rate in the HDT group was 50% (95% confidence interval, 33.2%-66.8%), with a complete response rate of 6% and a median survival of 9.5 months. The overall response rate was not improved and the complete response and survival appeared inferior compared with that of patients recently treated with concurrent biochemotherapy and LDT. Serum tamoxifen levels were found to correlate with the dose administered, with a mean of 0.9 microM at the 40-mg dose to 4.6 microM at the 320-mg dose. Ultrafiltered protein-free sera demonstrated low (< 0.01 microM) concentrations of tamoxifen. CONCLUSIONS The addition of HDT to a regimen of concurrent biochemotherapy did not appear to improve response rates or overall survival, despite reaching the targeted plasma concentration. Unknown drug interactions or high protein binding of tamoxifen may account for the lack of clinical effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J O'Day
- Division of Medical Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, 2001 Santa Monica Blvd., Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA.
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Sesko A, Cabot M, Mossman B. Hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids precedes cellular proliferation in asbestos-stimulated tracheobronchial epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:7385-9. [PMID: 2170975 PMCID: PMC54751 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.19.7385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism of inositol phospholipids and phosphatidylcholine was investigated in tracheobronchial epithelial cells exposed to mitogenic concentrations of crocidolite asbestos. Alterations in levels of diacylglycerol, the endogenous activator of protein kinase C, and inositol polyphosphates, presumed mobilizers of intracellular calcium, were examined. Cultures labeled with [3H]glycerol and exposed to proliferative concentrations of crocidolite asbestos demonstrated significant elevations in [3H]diacylglycerol. In contrast, crocidolite-exposed cells labeled with [3H]myristic acid or [3H]choline did not display elevated production of [3H]diacylglycerol or release of [3H]choline metabolites--i.e., evidence of phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis. The soluble tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate catalyzed both of these changes. myo-[3H]Inositol-labeled cells exposed as briefly as 10 min to mitogenic concentrations of crocidolite demonstrated elevations in [3H]inositol mono-, tris-, and terakisphosphates, phenomena indicating turnover of inositol phospholipids. The detection of diacylglycerol and inositol phosphates in crocidolite asbestos-exposed cells suggests that this fibrous tumor promoter activates phospholipase C as it stimulates cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sesko
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05405
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Abstract
Bactec NR-660, a computerised blood culture system using infrared analysis of microbial generated carbon dioxide, was compared with the Signal system, which detects gaseous pressure (due to bacterial metabolism) by a manometer. Four trials were undertaken: an in vitro evaluation of 99 bacteria in simulated blood cultures, and three prospective comparisons of a total of 2588 paired patient samples. Combined results for bacteria in simulated blood cultures showed a highly significant difference (p less than 0.001) between Bactec NR-660 aerobic medium (6A) and any other phial under test. Detection rates for most bacteria by Signal were on average three times slower than the first Bactec phial (mean delay 58.3 hours). Overall, the systems were not comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rimmer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Royal Liverpool Hospital
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Cabot M, Gatt S. Proceedings: Lipase activity in rat brain. Isr J Med Sci 1975; 11:1194. [PMID: 1205779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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