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Gonzaga IM, Soares Lima SC, Nicolau MC, Nicolau-Neto P, da Costa NM, de Almeida Simão T, Hernandez-Vargas H, Herceg Z, Ribeiro Pinto LF. TFF1 hypermethylation and decreased expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and histologically normal tumor surrounding esophageal cells. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:130. [PMID: 29296124 PMCID: PMC5738900 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the 10 most incident cancer types in the world, and it is mainly associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption. ESCC mortality rates stand very close to its incidence, which is a direct consequence of a late diagnosis and an inefficient treatment. Although this scenery is quite alarming, the major molecular alterations that drive this carcinogenesis process remain unclear. We have previously shown through the first ESCC methylome analysis that TFF1 promoter is frequently hypermethylated in ESCC. Here, to evaluate TFF1 methylation as a potential biomarker of early ESCC diagnosis, we investigated the status of TFF1 promoter methylation and its expression in ESSC and histologically normal tumor surrounding tissue of ESCC patients in comparison to healthy esophagus of non-cancer individuals. Results Analysis of TFF1 promoter methylation, and gene and protein expression in 65 ESCC patients and 88 controls revealed that TFF1 methylation levels were already increased in histologically normal tumor surrounding tissue of ESCC patients when compared to healthy esophagus of non-cancer individuals. This increase in DNA methylation was followed by the reduction of TFF1 mRNA expression. Interestingly, TFF1 expression was capable of distinguishing tumor surrounding normal tissue from normal mucosa of healthy individuals with 92% accuracy. In addition, TFF1 protein was undetectable both in tumor and surrounding mucosa by immunohistochemistry, while submucosa glands of the healthy esophagus showed positive staining. Furthermore, treatment of TE-1 and TE-13 ESCC cell lines with decitabine led to a reduction of promoter methylation and consequent upregulation of TFF1 gene and protein expression. Finally, using TCGA data we showed that TFF1 loss is observed in ESCC, but not in esophageal adenocarcinoma, highlighting the different molecular mechanisms involved in the development of each histological subtype of esophageal cancer. Conclusions This study shows that TFF1 expression is silenced in early phases of ESCC development, which seems to be mediated at least in part by promoter hypermethylation, and provides the basis for the use of TFF1 expression as a potential biomarker for early ESCC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Martins Gonzaga
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 20231-050 Brazil
| | - Sheila Coelho Soares Lima
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 20231-050 Brazil
| | - Marina Chianello Nicolau
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 20231-050 Brazil
| | - Pedro Nicolau-Neto
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 20231-050 Brazil
| | - Nathalia Meireles da Costa
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 20231-050 Brazil
| | - Tatiana de Almeida Simão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. 28 de Setembro 87 fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20551-013 Brazil
| | - Hector Hernandez-Vargas
- Epigenetics Group, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, CEDEX 08 Lyon, France
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, CEDEX 08 Lyon, France
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro CEP: 20231-050 Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. 28 de Setembro 87 fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20551-013 Brazil
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de Oliveira Barros EG, Palumbo A, Mello PLP, de Mattos RM, da Silva JH, Pontes B, Viana NB, do Amaral RF, Lima FRS, da Costa NM, Palmero CY, Miranda-Alves L, Takiya CM, Nasciutti LE. The reciprocal interactions between astrocytes and prostate cancer cells represent an early event associated with brain metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2014; 31:461-74. [PMID: 24488147 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-014-9640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Tumor establishment, growth, and survival are supported by interactions with microenvironment components. Here, we investigated whether the interactions between prostate cancer cells and cortical astrocytes are associated to a potential role for astrocytes in tumor establishment. We demonstrate that astrocytes interact in vitro with prostatic cancers cells derived from different metastatic sites. Astrocytes and their secreted extracellular matrix, stimulate DU145 cell (a brain-derived prostate tumor cell line) proliferation while inhibiting cell death and modulating the expression of several genes related to prostate cancer progression, suggesting the activation of EMT process in these cells. In contrast, DU145 cells and their conditioned medium inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell death of astrocytes. On the other hand, the astrocytes were unable to significantly induce an increment of LNCaP cell (a lymph node-derived prostate tumor cell line) proliferative activity. In addition, LNCaP cells were also unable to induce cell death of astrocytes. Thus, we believe that DU145 cells, but not LNCaP cells, present an even more aggressive behavior when interacting with astrocytes. These results provide an important contribution to the elucidation of the cellular mechanisms involved in the brain microenvironment colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Gouvêa de Oliveira Barros
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Lucas Prado Mello
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Medina de Mattos
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julianna Henriques da Silva
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pontes
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,LPO/COPEA, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathan Bessa Viana
- LPO/COPEA, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rackele Ferreira do Amaral
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flavia Regina Souza Lima
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Meireles da Costa
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Centro de Pesquisas (CPQ), Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Celia Yelimar Palmero
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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da Costa NM, Hautefeuille A, Cros MP, Melendez ME, Waters T, Swann P, Hainaut P, Pinto LFR. Transcriptional regulation of thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) by the tumor suppressor protein p53. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:4570-8. [PMID: 23165212 DOI: 10.4161/cc.22843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) belongs to the superfamily of uracil DNA glycosylases (UDG) and is the first enzyme in the base-excision repair pathway (BER) that removes thymine from G:T mismatches at CpG sites. This glycosylase activity has also been found to be critical for active demethylation of genes involved in embryonic development. Here we show that wild-type p53 transcriptionally regulates TDG expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase assays indicate that wild-type p53 binds to a domain of TDG promoter containing two p53 consensus response elements (p53RE) and activates its transcription. Next, we have used a panel of cell lines with different p53 status to demonstrate that TDG mRNA and protein expression levels are induced in a p53-dependent manner under different conditions. This panel includes isogenic breast and colorectal cancer cell lines with wild-type or inactive p53, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines lacking p53 or expressing a temperature-sensitive p53 mutant and normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Induction of TDG mRNA expression is accompanied by accumulation of TDG protein in both nucleus and cytoplasm, with nuclear re-localization occurring upon DNA damage in p53-competent, but not -incompetent, cells. These observations suggest a role for p53 activity in TDG nuclear translocation. Overall, our results show that TDG expression is directly regulated by p53, suggesting that loss of p53 function may affect processes mediated by TDG, thus negatively impacting on genetic and epigenetic stability.
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