1
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Day JEH, Berdini V, Castro J, Chessari G, Davies TG, Day PJ, St Denis JD, Fujiwara H, Fukaya S, Hamlett CCF, Hearn K, Hiscock SD, Holvey RS, Ito S, Kandola N, Kodama Y, Liebeschuetz JW, Martins V, Matsuo K, Mortenson PN, Muench S, Nakatsuru Y, Ochiiwa H, Palmer N, Peakman T, Price A, Reader M, Rees DC, Rich SJ, Shah A, Shibata Y, Smyth T, Twigg DG, Wallis NG, Williams G, Wilsher NE, Woodhead A, Shimamura T, Johnson CN. Fragment-Based Discovery of Allosteric Inhibitors of SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-2 (SHP2). J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38462716 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitously expressed protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is required for signaling downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and plays a role in regulating many cellular processes. Genetic knockdown and pharmacological inhibition of SHP2 suppresses RAS/MAPK signaling and inhibit the proliferation of RTK-driven cancer cell lines. Here, we describe the first reported fragment-to-lead campaign against SHP2, where X-ray crystallography and biophysical techniques were used to identify fragments binding to multiple sites on SHP2. Structure-guided optimization, including several computational methods, led to the discovery of two structurally distinct series of SHP2 inhibitors binding to the previously reported allosteric tunnel binding site (Tunnel Site). One of these series was advanced to a low-nanomolar lead that inhibited tumor growth when dosed orally to mice bearing HCC827 xenografts. Furthermore, a third series of SHP2 inhibitors was discovered binding to a previously unreported site, lying at the interface of the C-terminal SH2 and catalytic domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E H Day
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Valerio Berdini
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Joan Castro
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Gianni Chessari
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Thomas G Davies
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Philip J Day
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Jeffrey D St Denis
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Hideto Fujiwara
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Satoshi Fukaya
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | | | - Keisha Hearn
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Steven D Hiscock
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Rhian S Holvey
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Satoru Ito
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Navrohit Kandola
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Yasuo Kodama
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - John W Liebeschuetz
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Vanessa Martins
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Kenichi Matsuo
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Paul N Mortenson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Sandra Muench
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Yoko Nakatsuru
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ochiiwa
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Nicholas Palmer
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Torren Peakman
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Amanda Price
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Michael Reader
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - David C Rees
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Sharna J Rich
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Alpesh Shah
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Yoshihiro Shibata
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Tomoko Smyth
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - David G Twigg
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nicola G Wallis
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Glyn Williams
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nicola E Wilsher
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Andrew Woodhead
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Tadashi Shimamura
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Christopher N Johnson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
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2
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Ruparelia KC, Zeka K, Beresford KJM, Wilsher NE, Potter GA, Androutsopoulos VP, Brucoli F, Arroo RRJ. CYP1-Activation and Anticancer Properties of Synthetic Methoxylated Resveratrol Analogues. Molecules 2024; 29:423. [PMID: 38257336 PMCID: PMC10818546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring stilbenoids, such as the (E)-stilbenoid resveratrol and the (Z)-stilbenoid combretastatin A4, have been considered as promising lead compounds for the development of anticancer drugs. The antitumour properties of stilbenoids are known to be modulated by cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, which contribute to extrahepatic phase I xenobiotic and drug metabolism. Thirty-four methyl ether analogues of resveratrol were synthesised, and their anticancer properties were assessed, using the MTT cell proliferation assay on a panel of human breast cell lines. Breast tumour cell lines that express CYP1 were significantly more strongly affected by the resveratrol analogues than the cell lines that did not have CYP1 activity. Metabolism studies using isolated CYP1 enzymes provided further evidence that (E)-stilbenoids can be substrates for these enzymes. Structures of metabolic products were confirmed by comparison with synthetic standards and LC-MS co-elution studies. The most promising stilbenoid was (E)-4,3',4',5'-tetramethoxystilbene (DMU212). The compound itself showed low to moderate cytotoxicity, but upon CYP1-catalysed dealkylation, some highly cytotoxic metabolites were formed. Thus, DMU212 selectively affects proliferation of cells that express CYP1 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan C. Ruparelia
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (K.C.R.); (K.J.M.B.); (N.E.W.); (R.R.J.A.)
| | - Keti Zeka
- Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kenneth J. M. Beresford
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (K.C.R.); (K.J.M.B.); (N.E.W.); (R.R.J.A.)
| | - Nicola E. Wilsher
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (K.C.R.); (K.J.M.B.); (N.E.W.); (R.R.J.A.)
| | - Gerry A. Potter
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (K.C.R.); (K.J.M.B.); (N.E.W.); (R.R.J.A.)
| | - Vasilis P. Androutsopoulos
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (K.C.R.); (K.J.M.B.); (N.E.W.); (R.R.J.A.)
| | - Federico Brucoli
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (K.C.R.); (K.J.M.B.); (N.E.W.); (R.R.J.A.)
| | - Randolph R. J. Arroo
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (K.C.R.); (K.J.M.B.); (N.E.W.); (R.R.J.A.)
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3
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Heightman TD, Berdini V, Bevan L, Buck IM, Carr MG, Courtin A, Coyle JE, Day JEH, East C, Fazal L, Griffiths-Jones CM, Howard S, Kucia-Tran J, Martins V, Muench S, Munck JM, Norton D, O'Reilly M, Palmer N, Pathuri P, Peakman TM, Reader M, Rees DC, Rich SJ, Shah A, Wallis NG, Walton H, Wilsher NE, Woolford AJA, Cooke M, Cousin D, Onions S, Shannon J, Watts J, Murray CW. Discovery of ASTX029, A Clinical Candidate Which Modulates the Phosphorylation and Catalytic Activity of ERK1/2. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12286-12303. [PMID: 34387469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway frequently drives tumor growth, and the ERK1/2 kinases are positioned at a key node in this pathway, making them important targets for therapeutic intervention. Recently, a number of ERK1/2 inhibitors have been advanced to investigational clinical trials in patients with activating mutations in B-Raf proto-oncogene or Ras. Here, we describe the discovery of the clinical candidate ASTX029 (15) through structure-guided optimization of our previously published isoindolinone lead (7). The medicinal chemistry campaign focused on addressing CYP3A4-mediated metabolism and maintaining favorable physicochemical properties. These efforts led to the identification of ASTX029, which showed the desired pharmacological profile combining ERK1/2 inhibition with suppression of phospho-ERK1/2 (pERK) levels, and in addition, it possesses suitable preclinical pharmacokinetic properties predictive of once daily dosing in humans. ASTX029 is currently in a phase I-II clinical trial in patients with advanced solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom D Heightman
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Valerio Berdini
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Luke Bevan
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Ildiko M Buck
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Maria G Carr
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Aurélie Courtin
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Joseph E Coyle
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - James E H Day
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Charlotte East
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Lynsey Fazal
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | | | - Steven Howard
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Justyna Kucia-Tran
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Vanessa Martins
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Sandra Muench
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Joanne M Munck
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - David Norton
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Marc O'Reilly
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nicholas Palmer
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Puja Pathuri
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Torren M Peakman
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Michael Reader
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - David C Rees
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Sharna J Rich
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Alpesh Shah
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nicola G Wallis
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Hugh Walton
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nicola E Wilsher
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | | | - Michael Cooke
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - David Cousin
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - Stuart Onions
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - Jonathan Shannon
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - John Watts
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, U.K
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4
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Munck JM, Berdini V, Bevan L, Brothwood JL, Castro J, Courtin A, East C, Ferraldeschi R, Heightman TD, Hindley CJ, Kucia-Tran J, Lyons JF, Martins V, Muench S, Murray CW, Norton D, O'Reilly M, Reader M, Rees DC, Rich SJ, Richardson CJ, Shah AD, Stanczuk L, Thompson NT, Wilsher NE, Woolford AJA, Wallis NG. ASTX029, a Novel Dual-mechanism ERK Inhibitor, Modulates Both the Phosphorylation and Catalytic Activity of ERK. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1757-1768. [PMID: 34330842 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The MAPK signaling pathway is commonly upregulated in human cancers. As the primary downstream effector of the MAPK pathway, ERK is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of MAPK-activated cancers and for overcoming resistance to upstream inhibition. ASTX029 is a highly potent and selective dual-mechanism ERK inhibitor, discovered using fragment-based drug design. Because of its distinctive ERK-binding mode, ASTX029 inhibits both ERK catalytic activity and the phosphorylation of ERK itself by MEK, despite not directly inhibiting MEK activity. This dual mechanism was demonstrated in cell-free systems, as well as cell lines and xenograft tumor tissue, where the phosphorylation of both ERK and its substrate, ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), were modulated on treatment with ASTX029. Markers of sensitivity were highlighted in a large cell panel, where ASTX029 preferentially inhibited the proliferation of MAPK-activated cell lines, including those with BRAF or RAS mutations. In vivo, significant antitumor activity was observed in MAPK-activated tumor xenograft models following oral treatment. ASTX029 also demonstrated activity in both in vitro and in vivo models of acquired resistance to MAPK pathway inhibitors. Overall, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of a dual-mechanism ERK inhibitor such as ASTX029 for the treatment of MAPK-activated cancers, including those which have acquired resistance to inhibitors of upstream components of the MAPK pathway. ASTX029 is currently being evaluated in a first in human phase I-II clinical trial in patients with advanced solid tumors (NCT03520075).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luke Bevan
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Juan Castro
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John F Lyons
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - David Norton
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - David C Rees
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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5
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Chessari G, Hardcastle IR, Ahn JS, Anil B, Anscombe E, Bawn RH, Bevan LD, Blackburn TJ, Buck I, Cano C, Carbain B, Castro J, Cons B, Cully SJ, Endicott JA, Fazal L, Golding BT, Griffin RJ, Haggerty K, Harnor SJ, Hearn K, Hobson S, Holvey RS, Howard S, Jennings CE, Johnson CN, Lunec J, Miller DC, Newell DR, Noble MEM, Reeks J, Revill CH, Riedinger C, St Denis JD, Tamanini E, Thomas H, Thompson NT, Vinković M, Wedge SR, Williams PA, Wilsher NE, Zhang B, Zhao Y. Structure-Based Design of Potent and Orally Active Isoindolinone Inhibitors of MDM2-p53 Protein-Protein Interaction. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4071-4088. [PMID: 33761253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of murine double minute 2 (MDM2)-p53 protein-protein interaction with small molecules has been shown to reactivate p53 and inhibit tumor growth. Here, we describe rational, structure-guided, design of novel isoindolinone-based MDM2 inhibitors. MDM2 X-ray crystallography, quantum mechanics ligand-based design, and metabolite identification all contributed toward the discovery of potent in vitro and in vivo inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 interaction with representative compounds inducing cytostasis in an SJSA-1 osteosarcoma xenograft model following once-daily oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Chessari
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Ian R Hardcastle
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Jong Sook Ahn
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Burcu Anil
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
| | - Elizabeth Anscombe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
| | - Ruth H Bawn
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Luke D Bevan
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Timothy J Blackburn
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Ildiko Buck
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Celine Cano
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Benoit Carbain
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Juan Castro
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Ben Cons
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Sarah J Cully
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Jane A Endicott
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Lynsey Fazal
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Bernard T Golding
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Roger J Griffin
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Karen Haggerty
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Suzannah J Harnor
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Keisha Hearn
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Stephen Hobson
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Rhian S Holvey
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Steven Howard
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Claire E Jennings
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Christopher N Johnson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - John Lunec
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Duncan C Miller
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - David R Newell
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Martin E M Noble
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Judith Reeks
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Charlotte H Revill
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Christiane Riedinger
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
| | - Jeffrey D St Denis
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Emiliano Tamanini
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Huw Thomas
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Neil T Thompson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Mladen Vinković
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Stephen R Wedge
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Pamela A Williams
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nicola E Wilsher
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Bian Zhang
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Yan Zhao
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
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6
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Ruparelia KC, Lodhi S, Ankrett DN, Wilsher NE, Arroo RRJ, Potter GA, Beresford KJM. The synthesis of 4,6-diaryl-2-pyridones and their bioactivation in CYP1 expressing breast cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1403-1406. [PMID: 30935796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As part of a programme to develop anticancer prodrugs which are activated by cytochrome P450 (CYP)1B1, a library of 4,6-diaryl-2-pyridones was synthesised in yields of 6-60% from the corresponding chalcones. A number of these derivatives showed promising antiproliferative activities in human breast cancer cell lines which express CYP1B1 and CYP1A1, while showing little toxicity towards a non-tumour breast cell line with no CYP expression. Metabolism studies provided evidence supporting the involvement of CYP1 enzymes in the bioactivation of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan C Ruparelia
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Sabahat Lodhi
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Dyan N Ankrett
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Nicola E Wilsher
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Randolph R J Arroo
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Gerard A Potter
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Kenneth J M Beresford
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
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7
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Ruparelia KC, Zeka K, Ijaz T, Ankrett DN, Wilsher NE, Butler PC, Tan HL, Lodhi S, Bhambra AS, Potter GA, Arroo RRJ, Beresford KJM. The Synthesis of Chalcones as Anticancer Prodrugs and their Bioactivation in CYP1 Expressing Breast Cancer Cells. Med Chem 2018; 14:322-332. [PMID: 29332599 DOI: 10.2174/1573406414666180112120134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the expression levels of many P450s differ between tumour and corresponding normal tissue, CYP1B1 is one of the few CYP subfamilies which is significantly and consistently overexpressed in tumours. CYP1B1 has been shown to be active within tumours and is capable of metabolising a structurally diverse range of anticancer drugs. Because of this, and its role in the activation of procarcinogens, CYP1B1 is seen as an important target for anticancer drug development. OBJECTIVE To synthesise a series of chalcone derivatives based on the chemopreventative agent DMU-135 and investigate their antiproliferative activities in human breast cancer cell lines which express CYP1B1 and CYP1A1. METHOD A series of chalcones were synthesised in yields of 43-94% using the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. These were screened using a MTT assay against a panel of breast cancer cell lines which have been characterised for CYP1 expression. RESULT A number of derivatives showed promising antiproliferative activities in human breast cancer cell lines which express CYP1B1 and CYP1A1, while showing significantly lower toxicity towards a non-tumour breast cell line with no CYP expression. Experiments using the CYP1 inhibitors acacetin and α-naphthoflavone provided supporting evidence for the involvement of CYP1 enzymes in the bioactivation of these compounds. CONCLUSION Chalcones show promise as anticancer agents with evidence suggesting that CYP1 activation of these compounds may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan C Ruparelia
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Keti Zeka
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Taeeba Ijaz
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Dyan N Ankrett
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola E Wilsher
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul C Butler
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Hoon L Tan
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Sabahat Lodhi
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Avninder S Bhambra
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard A Potter
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Randolph R J Arroo
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth J M Beresford
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
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8
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Johnson CN, Ahn JS, Buck IM, Chiarparin E, Day JEH, Hopkins A, Howard S, Lewis EJ, Martins V, Millemaggi A, Munck JM, Page LW, Peakman T, Reader M, Rich SJ, Saxty G, Smyth T, Thompson NT, Ward GA, Williams PA, Wilsher NE, Chessari G. A Fragment-Derived Clinical Candidate for Antagonism of X-Linked and Cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins: 1-(6-[(4-Fluorophenyl)methyl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3,3-dimethyl-1H,2H,3H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1-yl)-2-[(2R,5R)-5-methyl-2-([(3R)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]methyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethan-1-one (ASTX660). J Med Chem 2018; 61:7314-7329. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher N. Johnson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Jong Sook Ahn
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Ildiko M. Buck
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabetta Chiarparin
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - James E. H. Day
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Hopkins
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Howard
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Edward J. Lewis
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Martins
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Alessia Millemaggi
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne M. Munck
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Lee W. Page
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Torren Peakman
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Reader
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Sharna J. Rich
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Saxty
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Tomoko Smyth
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Neil T. Thompson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - George A. Ward
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela A. Williams
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola E. Wilsher
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Gianni Chessari
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
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9
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Heightman TD, Berdini V, Braithwaite H, Buck IM, Cassidy M, Castro J, Courtin A, Day JEH, East C, Fazal L, Graham B, Griffiths-Jones CM, Lyons JF, Martins V, Muench S, Munck JM, Norton D, O’Reilly M, Palmer N, Pathuri P, Reader M, Rees DC, Rich SJ, Richardson C, Saini H, Thompson NT, Wallis NG, Walton H, Wilsher NE, Woolford AJA, Cooke M, Cousin D, Onions S, Shannon J, Watts J, Murray CW. Fragment-Based Discovery of a Potent, Orally Bioavailable Inhibitor That Modulates the Phosphorylation and Catalytic Activity of ERK1/2. J Med Chem 2018; 61:4978-4992. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom D. Heightman
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Valerio Berdini
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Hannah Braithwaite
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Ildiko M. Buck
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Megan Cassidy
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Juan Castro
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Aurélie Courtin
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - James E. H. Day
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Charlotte East
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Lynsey Fazal
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Brent Graham
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | | | - John F. Lyons
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Vanessa Martins
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Sandra Muench
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Joanne M. Munck
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - David Norton
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Marc O’Reilly
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nick Palmer
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Puja Pathuri
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Michael Reader
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - David C. Rees
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Sharna J. Rich
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | | | - Harpreet Saini
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Neil T. Thompson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nicola G. Wallis
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Hugh Walton
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nicola E. Wilsher
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, U.K
| | | | - Michael Cooke
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - David Cousin
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - Stuart Onions
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - Jonathan Shannon
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - John Watts
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd., BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GF, U.K
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10
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Ward GA, Lewis EJ, Ahn JS, Johnson CN, Lyons JF, Martins V, Munck JM, Rich SJ, Smyth T, Thompson NT, Williams PA, Wilsher NE, Wallis NG, Chessari G. ASTX660, a Novel Non-peptidomimetic Antagonist of cIAP1/2 and XIAP, Potently Induces TNFα-Dependent Apoptosis in Cancer Cell Lines and Inhibits Tumor Growth. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1381-1391. [PMID: 29695633 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Because of their roles in the evasion of apoptosis, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) are considered attractive targets for anticancer therapy. Antagonists of these proteins have the potential to switch prosurvival signaling pathways in cancer cells toward cell death. Various SMAC-peptidomimetics with inherent cIAP selectivity have been tested clinically and demonstrated minimal single-agent efficacy. ASTX660 is a potent, non-peptidomimetic antagonist of cIAP1/2 and XIAP, discovered using fragment-based drug design. The antagonism of XIAP and cIAP1 by ASTX660 was demonstrated on purified proteins, cells, and in vivo in xenograft models. The compound binds to the isolated BIR3 domains of both XIAP and cIAP1 with nanomolar potencies. In cells and xenograft tissue, direct antagonism of XIAP was demonstrated by measuring its displacement from caspase-9 or SMAC. Compound-induced proteasomal degradation of cIAP1 and 2, resulting in downstream effects of NIK stabilization and activation of noncanonical NF-κB signaling, demonstrated cIAP1/2 antagonism. Treatment with ASTX660 led to TNFα-dependent induction of apoptosis in various cancer cell lines in vitro, whereas dosing in mice bearing breast and melanoma tumor xenografts inhibited tumor growth. ASTX660 is currently being tested in a phase I-II clinical trial (NCT02503423), and we propose that its antagonism of cIAP1/2 and XIAP may offer improved efficacy over first-generation antagonists that are more cIAP1/2 selective. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(7); 1381-91. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - John F Lyons
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Tomoko Smyth
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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11
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Munck JM, Berdini V, Bevan LD, Braithwaite H, Buck IM, Cassidy M, Castro J, Courtin A, Day JE, East C, Fazal L, Graham B, Griffiths-Jones CM, Heightman TD, Hindley CJ, Kidane B, Kucia-Tran J, Lyons JF, Martins V, Muench S, Murray CW, Norton D, O'Reilly M, Palmer N, Pathuri P, Reader M, Rees DC, Rich SJ, Richardson CJ, Saini HK, Shah A, Stanczuk L, Thompson NT, Walton H, Wilsher NE, Woolford AJ, Wallis NG. Abstract B154: Characterization of a novel ERK1/2 inhibitor, which modulates the phosphorylation and catalytic activity of ERK1/2. Mol Cancer Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-17-b154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The MAPK pathway is commonly hyper-activated in human cancers due to the occurrence of oncogenic mutations in RAF, RAS and the upregulation of RTKs. The therapeutic potential of MAPK pathway inhibition has been demonstrated by the clinical efficacy of RAF and MEK1/2 (MEK) inhibitors in the treatment of BRAF-mutant melanoma. However, response to such agents is short-lived due to the onset of resistance mechanisms, which in the majority of cases result in the reactivation of ERK1/2 (ERK) signalling. Therefore, the direct targeting of ERK is an attractive therapeutic approach to overcoming the limitations of RAF or MEK inhibitors. Here, we describe a novel, potent, and selective ERK inhibitor, which inhibits both ERK catalytic activity and also the phosphorylation of ERK by MEK. Using fragment-based drug discovery we have developed a selective ERK inhibitor, which inhibits in vitro ERK catalytic activity with a low nM IC50 value. This lead compound has strong antiproliferative effects in a wide range of MAPK-activated cell lines, including the BRAF-mutant cell lines A375 (melanoma) and Colo205 (colorectal), the KRAS-mutant cell lines HCT116 (colorectal), Calu6 (lung) and Panc05.04 (pancreatic), and the NRAS-mutant cell line Ma-mel-27 (melanoma). The lead compound potently inhibits ERK cell signalling. The potent (nM) inhibition of RSK phosphorylation (a direct ERK substrate) was confirmed in A375 (BRAF-mutant melanoma) cells, using MSD analysis. In addition to inhibiting downstream ERK signalling, we demonstrated by ELISA and Western blotting that the lead compound confers a decrease in phospho-ERK levels in both BRAF-mutant and KRAS-mutant cell lines. We investigated the biochemical mechanism of the modulation of ERK phosphorylation in vitro and demonstrated that the compound prevents the phosphorylation of ERK by MEK (at key ERK activation loop residues, T202/Y204), without directly inhibiting MEK activity. The compound was profiled in a range of subcutaneous xenograft models including A375 (BRAF-mutant melanoma) and Calu-6 (KRAS-mutant lung). Once-daily oral dosing of the lead compound conferred significant antitumor activity in a range of in vivo efficacy studies. The compound potently inhibited the phosphorylation of downstream ERK substrates (including RSK) in tumor xenograft tissue. There was a clear relationship between in vivo compound concentrations and the modulation of ERK substrate phosphorylation. Furthermore, as was demonstrated in vitro, we confirmed that in addition to inhibiting ERK catalytic activity the compound potently inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK itself, in both KRAS and BRAF-mutant tumor xenografts. Here, we characterize a novel, highly potent, selective ERK inhibitor, which inhibits both ERK catalytic activity and also the upstream phosphorylation of ERK by MEK. These data support the further optimization of this series of compounds for clinical development.
Citation Format: Joanne M. Munck, Valerio Berdini, Luke D. Bevan, Hannah Braithwaite, Ildiko M. Buck, Megan Cassidy, Juan Castro, Aurelie Courtin, James E. Day, Charlotte East, Lynsey Fazal, Brent Graham, Charlotte M. Griffiths-Jones, Tom D. Heightman, Chris J. Hindley, Birikiti Kidane, Justyna Kucia-Tran, John F. Lyons, Vanessa Martins, Sandra Muench, Chris W. Murray, David Norton, Marc O'Reilly, Nick Palmer, Puja Pathuri, Mike Reader, David C. Rees, Sharna J. Rich, Caroline J. Richardson, Harpreet K. Saini, Alpesh Shah, Lukas Stanczuk, Neil T. Thompson, Hugh Walton, Nicola E. Wilsher, Alison J. Woolford, Nicola G. Wallis. Characterization of a novel ERK1/2 inhibitor, which modulates the phosphorylation and catalytic activity of ERK1/2 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2017 Oct 26-30; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2018;17(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B154.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Castro
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - James E. Day
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lynsey Fazal
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brent Graham
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Norton
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nick Palmer
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Puja Pathuri
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Reader
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Alpesh Shah
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Hugh Walton
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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12
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Tamanini E, Buck IM, Chessari G, Chiarparin E, Day JEH, Frederickson M, Griffiths-Jones CM, Hearn K, Heightman TD, Iqbal A, Johnson CN, Lewis EJ, Martins V, Peakman T, Reader M, Rich SJ, Ward GA, Williams PA, Wilsher NE. Discovery of a Potent Nonpeptidomimetic, Small-Molecule Antagonist of Cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein 1 (cIAP1) and X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (XIAP). J Med Chem 2017; 60:4611-4625. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Tamanini
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Ildiko M. Buck
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Gianni Chessari
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Elisabetta Chiarparin
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - James E. H. Day
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Martyn Frederickson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | | | - Keisha Hearn
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Tom D. Heightman
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Aman Iqbal
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | | | - Edward J. Lewis
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Vanessa Martins
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Torren Peakman
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Michael Reader
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Sharna J. Rich
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - George A. Ward
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Pamela A. Williams
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
| | - Nicola E. Wilsher
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton
Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K
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13
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Chessari G, Buck IM, Day JEH, Day PJ, Iqbal A, Johnson CN, Lewis EJ, Martins V, Miller D, Reader M, Rees DC, Rich SJ, Tamanini E, Vitorino M, Ward GA, Williams PA, Williams G, Wilsher NE, Woolford AJA. Fragment-Based Drug Discovery Targeting Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins: Discovery of a Non-Alanine Lead Series with Dual Activity Against cIAP1 and XIAP. J Med Chem 2015. [PMID: 26218264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are important regulators of apoptosis and pro-survival signaling pathways whose deregulation is often associated with tumor genesis and tumor growth. IAPs have been proposed as targets for anticancer therapy, and a number of peptidomimetic IAP antagonists have entered clinical trials. Using our fragment-based screening approach, we identified nonpeptidic fragments binding with millimolar affinities to both cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). Structure-based hit optimization together with an analysis of protein-ligand electrostatic potential complementarity allowed us to significantly increase binding affinity of the starting hits. Subsequent optimization gave a potent nonalanine IAP antagonist structurally distinct from all IAP antagonists previously reported. The lead compound had activity in cell-based assays and in a mouse xenograft efficacy model and represents a highly promising start point for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Chessari
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Ildiko M Buck
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - James E H Day
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J Day
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Aman Iqbal
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher N Johnson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Edward J Lewis
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Martins
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Darcey Miller
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Reader
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - David C Rees
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Sharna J Rich
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Emiliano Tamanini
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Vitorino
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - George A Ward
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela A Williams
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Glyn Williams
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola E Wilsher
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Alison J-A Woolford
- Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
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14
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Bavetsias V, Large JM, Sun C, Bouloc N, Kosmopoulou M, Matteucci M, Wilsher NE, Martins V, Reynisson J, Atrash B, Faisal A, Urban F, Valenti M, de Haven Brandon A, Box G, Raynaud FI, Workman P, Eccles SA, Bayliss R, Blagg J, Linardopoulos S, McDonald E. Imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives as inhibitors of Aurora kinases: lead optimization studies toward the identification of an orally bioavailable preclinical development candidate. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5213-28. [PMID: 20565112 DOI: 10.1021/jm100262j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Lead optimization studies using 7 as the starting point led to a new class of imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-based inhibitors of Aurora kinases that possessed the 1-benzylpiperazinyl motif at the 7-position, and displayed favorable in vitro properties. Cocrystallization of Aurora-A with 40c (CCT137444) provided a clear understanding into the interactions of this novel class of inhibitors with the Aurora kinases. Subsequent physicochemical property refinement by the incorporation of solubilizing groups led to the identification of 3-((4-(6-bromo-2-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-7-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-5-methylisoxazole (51, CCT137690) which is a potent inhibitor of Aurora kinases (Aurora-A IC(50) = 0.015 +/- 0.003 muM, Aurora-B IC(50) = 0.025 muM, Aurora-C IC(50) = 0.019 muM). Compound 51 is highly orally bioavailable, and in in vivo efficacy studies it inhibited the growth of SW620 colon carcinoma xenografts following oral administration with no observed toxicities as defined by body weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilios Bavetsias
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, United Kingdom.
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Wilsher NE, Court WJ, Ruddle R, Newbatt YM, Aherne W, Sheldrake PW, Jones NP, Katan M, Eccles SA, Raynaud FI. The phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 (1-(6-((17beta-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione) spontaneously forms conjugates with common components of cell culture medium. Drug Metab Dispos 2007; 35:1017-22. [PMID: 17403917 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.106.014498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC) is a key enzyme in the regulation of Ca(2+) release from inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate-sensitive stores. U73122 (1-(6-((17beta-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione) has been extensively used as a pharmacological inhibitor of PLC to elucidate the importance of this enzyme family in signal transduction pathways. U73122 has an electrophilic maleimide group, which readily reacts with nucleophiles such as thiols and amines. In the current study the conjugation of U73122 to common components of cell culture medium, namely l-glutamine, glutathione, and bovine serum albumin (BSA), was demonstrated. The half-life of U73122 on incubation with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), Hanks' buffered saline solution (with 2 mM glutamine), optimized basal nutrient medium (MCDB131, without BSA), complete medium, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (with 2 mM l-glutamine) was approximately 150, 60, 32, 30, and 18 min, respectively. However, U73122 was not recoverable from medium supplemented with 0.5% BSA. U73122 underwent hydrolysis of the maleimide group when incubated with PBS. Glutamine conjugates of U73122 were identified in cell culture medium. Furthermore, the inhibition of epidermal growth factor-stimulated Ca(2+) release in a human epidermoid carcinoma cell line (A431) by U73122 was substantially reduced by the presence of BSA in a time-dependent manner. In complex cellular assays, the availability of U73122 to inhibit PLC may be limited by its chemical reactivity and lead to the misinterpretation of results in pharmacological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola E Wilsher
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Belmont, Surrey, UK.
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Collis AJ, Foster ML, Halley F, Maslen C, McLay IM, Page KM, Redford EJ, Souness JE, Wilsher NE. RPR203494 a pyrimidine analogue of the p38 inhibitor RPR200765A with an improved in vitro potency. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:693-6. [PMID: 11266171 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Following the discovery of RPR200765, a series of pyrimidine analogues have been prepared as backups. Amongst them, RPR203494 was identified with a better in vitro profile than RPR200765A.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Collis
- Aventis Pharma, Dagenham Research Centre, Essex, UK
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