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Kenna TJ, Lau MC, Keith P, Ciccia F, Costello ME, Bradbury L, Low PL, Agrawal N, Triolo G, Alessandro R, Robinson PC, Thomas GP, Brown MA. Disease-associated polymorphisms in ERAP1 do not alter endoplasmic reticulum stress in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Genes Immun 2014; 16:35-42. [PMID: 25354578 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2014.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism by which human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) contributes to ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remains unclear. Genetic studies demonstrate that association with and interaction between polymorphisms of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) and HLA-B27 influence the risk of AS. It has been hypothesised that ERAP1-mediated HLA-B27 misfolding increases endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, driving an interleukin (IL) 23-dependent, pro-inflammatory immune response. We tested the hypothesis that AS-risk ERAP1 variants increase ER-stress and concomitant pro-inflammatory cytokine production in HLA-B27(+) but not HLA-B27(-) AS patients or controls. Forty-nine AS cases and 22 healthy controls were grouped according to HLA-B27 status and AS-associated ERAP1 rs30187 genotypes: HLA-B27(+)ERAP1(risk), HLA-B27(+)ERAP1(protective), HLA-B27(-)ERAP1(risk) and HLA-B27(-)ERAP1(protective). Expression levels of ER-stress markers GRP78 (8 kDa glucose-regulated protein), CHOP (C/EBP-homologous protein) and inflammatory cytokines were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cell and ileal biopsies. We found no differences in ER-stress gene expression between HLA-B27(+) and HLA-B27(-) cases or healthy controls, or between cases or controls stratified by carriage of ERAP1 risk or protective alleles in the presence or absence of HLA-B27. No differences were observed between expression of IL17A or TNF (tumour necrosis factor) in HLA-B27(+)ERAP1(risk), HLA-B27(+)ERAP1(protective) and HLA-B27(-)ERAP1(protective) cases. These data demonstrate that aberrant ERAP1 activity and HLA-B27 carriage does not alter ER-stress levels in AS, suggesting that ERAP1 and HLA-B27 may influence disease susceptibility through other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Kenna
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - M C Lau
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - P Keith
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - F Ciccia
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - M-E Costello
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - L Bradbury
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - P-L Low
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - N Agrawal
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - G Triolo
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - R Alessandro
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - P C Robinson
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - G P Thomas
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - M A Brown
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Low PL, Yong BE, Ong BH, Matsumoto M, Tou TY. Substrate effects on surface morphologies and magnetic properties of nanostructured FePt thin films. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:2640-2643. [PMID: 21449444 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The substrate effects on surface morphologies, crystal structures, and magnetic properties of the sputter-deposited FePt thin films on Corning 1737, normal glass, and Si wafer substrates, respectively, were investigated. High in-plane coercivities of 10 kOe were obtained for the air-annealed films on Corning 1737 and Si wafer, where both films similarly have granular-like morphologies. Besides, increasing grain size and surface roughness of all the FePt films with the post-anneal temperature were observed. Moreover, partially separated grains were seen in the film on Si wafer, where the formation of Fe silicides during post-anneal is suspected, in which has enhanced the magnetic ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Low
- Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Jalan Multimedia, Cyberjaya 63100, Malaysia
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