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Lister P, Sudharson NA, Kaur P, Joseph M. Voice-activated charting systems. Br Dent J 2024; 236:734. [PMID: 38789734 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- P Lister
- Dentist, Emmanuel Hospital Association, India.
| | - N A Sudharson
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
| | - P Kaur
- Alumna of Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
| | - M Joseph
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
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2
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Lister P, Sudharson NA, Kaur P. The impact of intermittent fasting on oral health. Br Dent J 2024; 236:425. [PMID: 38519653 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- P Lister
- Dentist, Emmanuel Hospital Association, New Delhi, India.
| | - N A Sudharson
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
| | - P Kaur
- Alumna of Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
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3
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Sharma GK, Patil A, Kaur P, Rajesh S, Drakonaki E, Botchu R. Comparison of efficacy of ultrasound-guided platelet rich plasma injection versus dry needling in lateral epicondylitis-a randomised controlled trial. J Ultrasound 2024:10.1007/s40477-023-00846-9. [PMID: 38393452 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-023-00846-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess whether Ultrasound guided dry needling is adequate for both common extensor tendon tears and tendinosis or whether ultrasound guided platelet rich plasma (PRP) has a superior outcome when compared to dry needling when there are tears of the common extensor tendon. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a single-centre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial conducted between November 2018 and April 2020. 40 patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis based on clinical and sonographic features and having comparable baseline characteristics were randomly assigned to the two study groups (dry needling and PRP). Inclusion criteria were patients aged 20 years or more who were symptomatic for at least 3 months with sonographic evidence of lateral epicondylitis. Exclusion criteria were complete tear of common extensor tendon confirmed on ultrasound and presence of other associated diseases like osteoarthritis of shoulder and elbow. RESULTS There was significant improvement in the visual analogue scale pain score in PRP group compared to the dry needling group at 9 months. However, this difference was not evident at 3 and 6 months follow-up. Mean improvement in common extensor tendon thickness in PRP group (5.1 mm at 3 months and 4.3 mm at 6 months) was slightly better than dry needling (4.4 mm at 3 months and 4.0 mm at 6 months). There was no difference in tear (if present) healing between both groups at 3 months. However at 6 months follow up, PRP demonstrated significant (mean-2.5) healing in tear compared to dry needling (mean-3.1). CONCLUSION Two injections of Ultrasound guided PRP are more beneficial non operative treatment compared to ultrasound guided dry needling, in lateral epicondylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Sharma
- JIPSI (Jaipur Institute of Pain & Sports Injuries), Jaipur, India
- Department of Interventional Radiology and clinical Imaging, The liver unit, Cochin gastroenterology Group, Cochin, India
| | - A Patil
- Department of Radiology, Alameen Medical College, Vijayapur, India
- Department of Interventional Radiology and clinical Imaging, The liver unit, Cochin gastroenterology Group, Cochin, India
| | - P Kaur
- JIPSI (Jaipur Institute of Pain & Sports Injuries), Jaipur, India
- Department of Interventional Radiology and clinical Imaging, The liver unit, Cochin gastroenterology Group, Cochin, India
| | - S Rajesh
- Department of Pain Management, JIPSI (Jaipur Institute of Pain & Sports Injuries), Jaipur, India
- Department of Interventional Radiology and clinical Imaging, The liver unit, Cochin gastroenterology Group, Cochin, India
| | | | - Rajesh Botchu
- Department of Radiology, Alameen Medical College, Vijayapur, India.
- Department of Interventional Radiology and clinical Imaging, The liver unit, Cochin gastroenterology Group, Cochin, India.
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham, UK.
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4
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Sharma V, Kaur P, Aulakh RS, Sharma R, Verma R, Singh BB. Is Brucella excreted in cattle faeces? - Evidence from Punjab, India. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 104:102099. [PMID: 38007989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a neglected zoonosis that affects animals and people in much of the underdeveloped world. The disease is endemic in cattle in Punjab, India and controlling it is a public health challenge. Dairy farmers and farm labour commonly handle cattle faeces with bare hands and personal protective equipments are not used. No studies have been conducted about the shedding of Brucella species in faeces of sero positive cattle in the state. This study aimed to isolate and identify the Brucella species from faeces of sero positive cattle in Punjab, India. Faecal samples were collected from 350 Brucella sero positive cattle in Ludhiana district of Punjab, India. Isolation was performed using a pre-enriched Brucella selective broth medium as well as Brucella selective medium agar plates containing horse serum and Brucella selective supplements. Isolates were identified using Gram staining technique and rapid slide agglutination test, and then confirmed by using bcsp31 and 16s rRNA genus specific PCR. Isolates were further identified up to species level by using Bruce-Ladder multiplex PCR. Fourteen Brucella species were isolated, all of which showed coccobacilli on gram staining, positive rapid slide agglutination test and amplification of bcsp31 and 16s rRNA genes. Of the 14 isolates, 11 were identified as Brucella abortus and 3 were identified as Brucella melitensis. The study demonstrates that animal faeces could pose a potential risk for animal and human health and faeces of seropositive cattle must be handled with care.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sharma
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - P Kaur
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R S Aulakh
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R Sharma
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R Verma
- Animal Disease Research Centre, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - B B Singh
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.
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5
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Lister P, Sudharson NA, Joseph M, Kaur P. Cloud intelligence in diagnosis? Br Dent J 2023; 235:843. [PMID: 38066123 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Lister
- Junior Lecturer, Department of Endodontics, Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
| | - N A Sudharson
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
| | - M Joseph
- Lecturer, Department of Endodontics, Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
| | - P Kaur
- Alumna of Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
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6
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Sudharson NA, Joseph M, Kaur P, Lister P, Jangde MK, Sudharson NG. NHS dentists and pension sustainability. Br Dent J 2023; 235:669. [PMID: 37945837 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Joseph
- Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
| | - P Kaur
- Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
| | - P Lister
- Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, India.
| | - M K Jangde
- Department of Dentistry, Govt Medical College Kanker, Chhattisgarh, India.
| | - N G Sudharson
- Department of Community Medicine, KEM Medical College, Mumbai, India.
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7
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Sharma V, Sharma R, Aulakh RS, Kaur P, Singh BB. Prevalence and risk factor investigation for exposure to Brucella species in surrogate stray cattle population reared in cow shelters in Punjab, India. Prev Vet Med 2023; 219:106023. [PMID: 37716180 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Bovine brucellosis is endemic in cattle in India, however not much is known on the prevalence of this disease in stray cattle populations of the country. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with brucellosis in the stray cattle populations reared in cow shelters (gaushalas) of Punjab, India. Blood samples were collected from 587 cattle reared in 23 cow shelters in 23 districts (one per district) of the Punjab and were tested using Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), standard tube agglutination test (STAT) and Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (i-ELISA). Information on the sex and breed of the animal, total cattle population and presence of a separate shed for parturition were collected. An animal was considered exposed to Brucella infection based on a positive RBPT or STAT test and a positive i-ELISA test. Explanatory variables for the animal level disease status outcome variable were sex and breed of the animal and at the shelter level were shelter cattle population size and presence of a separate shed for parturition. Univariable binomial exact logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association of each explanatory variable with the binary outcome variable. Sixty-two animals were seropositive on RBPT, with an apparent seroprevalence of 10.56% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.33%, 13.31%) and the estimated true seroprevalence of 11.48% (95% CI: 8.9%, 14.64%). Sixty three animals were seropositive using STAT [apparent seroprevalence of 10.73% (95% CI: 8.48%, 13.50%) and the estimated true seroprevalence of 10.69% (95% CI: 8.27%, 13.67%)], and 68 using i-ELISA [an apparent seroprevalence of 11.58% (95% CI: 9.24%, 14.43%) and the estimated true seroprevalence of 13.28% (95% CI: 10.50%, 16.66%)]. Cross bred cattle had a lower risk of being test positive (odds ratio 0.16, p = 0.04) as compared to indigenous cattle. Due to a ban on cow slaughter in the country, roaming stray cattle infected with brucellosis present a permanent risk of introduction of disease to the dairy farms and other vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sharma
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R Sharma
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R S Aulakh
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - P Kaur
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - B B Singh
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.
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8
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Boonyasuppayakorn S, Saelee T, Huynh TNT, Hairani R, Hengphasatporn K, Loeanurit N, Cao V, Vibulakhaophan V, Siripitakpong P, Kaur P, Chu JJH, Tunghirun C, Choksupmanee O, Chimnaronk S, Shigeta Y, Rungrotmongkol T, Chavasiri W. Author Correction: The 8-bromobaicalein inhibited the replication of dengue, and Zika viruses and targeted the dengue polymerase. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7651. [PMID: 37169861 PMCID: PMC10175250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Siwaporn Boonyasuppayakorn
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Thanaphon Saelee
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thao Nguyen Thanh Huynh
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rita Hairani
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Kowit Hengphasatporn
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Naphat Loeanurit
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Graduate School, Interdisciplinary Program in Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Van Cao
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Graduate School, Interdisciplinary Program in Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Vipanee Vibulakhaophan
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Panattida Siripitakpong
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Parveen Kaur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Medicine BSL3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chairat Tunghirun
- The Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Opas Choksupmanee
- The Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sarin Chimnaronk
- The Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Yasuteru Shigeta
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Warinthorn Chavasiri
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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9
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Boonyasuppayakorn S, Saelee T, Huynh TNT, Hairani R, Hengphasatporn K, Loeanurit N, Cao V, Vibulakhaophan V, Siripitakpong P, Kaur P, Chu JJH, Tunghirun C, Choksupmanee O, Chimnaronk S, Shigeta Y, Rungrotmongkol T, Chavasiri W. The 8-bromobaicalein inhibited the replication of dengue, and Zika viruses and targeted the dengue polymerase. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4891. [PMID: 36966240 PMCID: PMC10039358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32049-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue and Zika viruses are mosquito-borne flaviviruses burdening millions every year with hemorrhagic fever and neurological symptoms. Baicalein was previously reported as a potential anti-flaviviral candidate and halogenation of flavones and flavanones potentiated their antiviral efficacies. Here, we reported that a chemically modified 8-bromobaicalein effectively inhibited all dengue serotypes and Zika viruses at 0.66-0.88 micromolar in cell-based system. The compound bound to dengue serotype 2 conserved pocket and inhibited the dengue RdRp activity with 6.93 fold more than the original baicalein. Moreover, the compound was mildly toxic against infant and adult C57BL/6 mice despite administering continuously for 7 days. Therefore, the 8-bromobaicalein should be investigated further in pharmacokinetics and efficacy in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwaporn Boonyasuppayakorn
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Thanaphon Saelee
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thao Nguyen Thanh Huynh
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rita Hairani
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Kowit Hengphasatporn
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Naphat Loeanurit
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Graduate School, Interdisciplinary Program in Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Van Cao
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Graduate School, Interdisciplinary Program in Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Vipanee Vibulakhaophan
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Panattida Siripitakpong
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Parveen Kaur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Medicine BSL3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chairat Tunghirun
- The Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Opas Choksupmanee
- The Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sarin Chimnaronk
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yasuteru Shigeta
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Warinthorn Chavasiri
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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10
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Mok CK, Ng YL, Ahidjo BA, Aw ZQ, Chen H, Wong YH, Lee RCH, Loe MWC, Liu J, Tan KS, Kaur P, Wang DY, Hao E, Hou X, Tan YW, Deng J, Chu JJH. Evaluation of In Vitro and In Vivo Antiviral Activities of Vitamin D for SARS-CoV-2 and Variants. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030925. [PMID: 36986786 PMCID: PMC10058714 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about unprecedented medical and healthcare challenges worldwide. With the continual emergence and spread of new COVID-19 variants, four drug compound libraries were interrogated for their antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we show that the drug screen has resulted in 121 promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds, of which seven were further shortlisted for hit validation: citicoline, pravastatin sodium, tenofovir alafenamide, imatinib mesylate, calcitriol, dexlansoprazole, and prochlorperazine dimaleate. In particular, the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, exhibits strong potency against SARS-CoV-2 on cell-based assays and is shown to work by modulating the vitamin D receptor pathway to increase antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin expression. However, the weight, survival rate, physiological conditions, histological scoring, and virus titre between SARS-CoV-2 infected K18-hACE2 mice pre-treated or post-treated with calcitriol were negligible, indicating that the differential effects of calcitriol may be due to differences in vitamin D metabolism in mice and warrants future investigation using other animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee-Keng Mok
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Yan Ling Ng
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Bintou Ahmadou Ahidjo
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Zhen Qin Aw
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Huixin Chen
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yi Hao Wong
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Regina Ching Hua Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Marcus Wing Choy Loe
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Kai Sen Tan
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Parveen Kaur
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - De Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Erwei Hao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- China-ASEAN Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Traditional Medicine Research, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Xiaotao Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- China-ASEAN Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Traditional Medicine Research, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Yong Wah Tan
- Collaborative and Translation Unit for HFMD, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- China-ASEAN Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Traditional Medicine Research, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Collaborative and Translation Unit for HFMD, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-65163278
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PRABHAHAR A, Kaur P, Kumar V, Kohli H, Ramachandran R. WCN23-0977 TO STUDY THE ASSOCIATION OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY WITH CLINICAL ACTIVITY IN ADULT-ONSET NEPHROTIC SYNDROME. Kidney Int Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
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Wu KX, Yogarajah T, Choy Loe MW, Kaur P, Hua Lee RC, Mok CK, Wong YH, Phuektes P, Yeo LS, Chow VT, Tan YW, Hann Chu JJ. The host-targeting compound peruvoside has a broad-spectrum antiviral activity against positive-sense RNA viruses. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:2039-2055. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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Holt HR, Walker M, Beauvais W, Kaur P, Bedi JS, Mangtani P, Sharma NS, Gill JPS, Godfroid J, McGiven J, Guitian J. Modelling the control of bovine brucellosis in India. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20220756. [PMID: 36882115 PMCID: PMC9991488 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis imposes substantial impacts on livestock production and public health worldwide. A stochastic, age-structured model incorporating herd demographics was developed describing within- and between-herd transmission of Brucella abortus in dairy cattle herds. The model was fitted to data from a cross-sectional study conducted in Punjab State of India and used to evaluate the effectiveness of control strategies under consideration. Based on model results, stakeholder acceptance and constraints regarding vaccine supply, vaccination of replacement calves in large farms should be prioritized. Test and removal applied at early stages of the control programme where seroprevalence is high would not constitute an effective or acceptable use of resources because significant numbers of animals would be 'removed' (culled or not used for breeding) based on false positive results. To achieve sustained reductions in brucellosis, policymakers must commit to maintaining vaccination in the long term, which may eventually reduce frequency of infection in the livestock reservoir to a low enough level for elimination to be a realistic objective. This work provides key strategic insights into the control of brucellosis in India, which has the largest cattle population globally, and a general modelling framework for evaluating control strategies in endemic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Holt
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, WOAH Collaborating Centre in Risk Analysis and Modelling, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK.,Communicable Diseases Policy Research Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - M Walker
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, WOAH Collaborating Centre in Risk Analysis and Modelling, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK.,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - W Beauvais
- Comparative Pathobiology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - P Kaur
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - J S Bedi
- School of Public Health and Zoonosis, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - P Mangtani
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - N S Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - J P S Gill
- School of Public Health and Zoonosis, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - J Godfroid
- Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - J McGiven
- WOAH Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, FAO Collaborating Centre for Brucellosis, Department of Bacteriology, Animal & Plant Health Agency, Surrey, UK
| | - J Guitian
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, WOAH Collaborating Centre in Risk Analysis and Modelling, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
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14
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Behera PK, Kaur P, Mishra SS, Mishra SK. Mapping and visualizing the research contribution of India on telemedicine: A scientometric study. J Postgrad Med 2023:370400. [PMID: 36861544 PMCID: PMC10394533 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_107_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The term "Telemedicine" is being used in the medical and health sector to treat patients and to provide medical guidance remotely. The intellectual output from India in terms of publications was harvested from Scopus® with the keyword "Telemedicine" and analyzed by using bibliometric techniques. Methods The source data was downloaded from the Scopus® database. All the publications on telemedicine and indexed in the database up to the year 2021 were considered for scientometric analysis. The software tools VOSviewer® version 1.6.18 to visualize bibliometric networks, statistical software R Studio® version 3.6.1 with the Bibliometrix package Biblioshiny® were used for analysis and data visualization, and EdrawMind® was used for mind mapping. Result India contributed 2,391 (4.32%) publications on telemedicine to a total of 55,304 publications worldwide until 2021. There were 886 (37.05%) papers that appeared in open access mode. The analysis revealed that the first paper was published in the year 1995 from India. Steep growth in the number of publications was observed in 2020 with 458 publications. The highest, 54 research publications, appeared in the "Journal of Medical Systems." The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, contributed the highest number of publications (n = 134). A considerable overseas collaboration was observed (USA: 11%; UK: 5.85%). Conclusions This is the first such attempt to address the intellectual output of India in the emerging medical discipline of telemedicine and has yielded useful information such as leading authors, institutions, their impact, and year-wise topic trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Behera
- PK Kelkar Library, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P Kaur
- Central Library, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - S S Mishra
- Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - S K Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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15
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Satpathy MM, Sharma NS, Kaur P, Arora AK. Detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from milk of indigenous Beetal goats of Punjab. Iran J Vet Res 2023; 24:37-41. [PMID: 37378388 PMCID: PMC10291518 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2023.43480.6365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a burning issue in the present era. Mastitis in dairy animals is one of the most important causes of huge production loss to dairy farmers. Aims: The study aims to find the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profile, and resistance genes in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in mastitic milk. Methods A total of 125 milk samples were collected from Beetal goats suffering from clinical mastitis from different districts of Punjab and processed for bacterial isolation and further identification. The drug resistance profile of ESBL-producing E. coli and its associations with molecular markers was analyzed using statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in dairy goats of Punjab was recorded as 6.4%. The isolates showed the highest resistance to the beta-lactam group of antibiotics. The resistance percentages of streptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clotrimazole, and colistin were 50%, 37.5%, 50%, 25%, 25%, and 50%, respectively. The isolates showed intermediate resistance to imipenem (12.5%) and tetracycline (25%). The ESBL-producing E. coli isolates harbored the resistance genes blaCTXM (100%), blaTEM (62.5%), blaSHV (25%), blaOXA (37.5%), tetA (37.5%), tetB (25%), aadA (37.5%), sul1 (25%), MOXM (12.5%), DHAM (25%), and blaCMY-2 (50%). Tetracycline and sulphonamide resistances were statistically associated with their respective resistance genes (P<0.05). Streptomycin resistance was not statistically associated with the presence of the aadA gene (P>0.05). The genes blaIMP and blaNDM were not recorded in any of the isolates. In this study, 12.5% of the isolates showed co-resistance to colistin and carbapenem. Conclusion Antimicrobial resistance is a hot topic and requires immediate attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. M Satpathy
- MVSc Student in Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - N. S Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - P Kaur
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - A. K Arora
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
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Schwalb A, Cachay R, Wright A, Phillips PPJ, Kaur P, Diacon AH, Ugarte-Gil C, Mitnick CD, Sterling TR, Gotuzzo E, Horsburgh CR. Factors associated with screening failure and study withdrawal in multidrug-resistant TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:820-825. [PMID: 35996282 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING: Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) clinical trial in Lima, Peru and Cape Town, South Africa.OBJECTIVE: To identify baseline factors associated with screening failure and study withdrawal in an MDR-TB clinical trial.DESIGN: We screened patients for a randomized, blinded, Phase II trial which assessed culture conversion over the first 6 months of treatment with varying doses of levofloxacin plus an optimized background regimen (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01918397). We identified factors for screening failure and study withdrawal using Poisson regression to calculate prevalence ratios and Cox proportional hazard regression to calculate hazard ratios. We adjusted for factors with P < 0.2.RESULTS: Of the 255 patients screened, 144 (56.5%) failed screening. The most common reason for screening failure was an unsuitable resistance profile on sputum-based molecular susceptibility testing (n = 105, 72.9%). No significant baseline predictors of screening failure were identified in the multivariable model. Of the 111 who were enrolled, 33 (30%) failed to complete treatment, mostly for non-adherence and consent withdrawal. No baseline factors predicted study withdrawal in the multivariable model.CONCLUSION: No baseline factors were independently associated with either screening failure or study withdrawal in this secondary analysis of a MDR-TB clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schwalb
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - R Cachay
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - A Wright
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P P J Phillips
- University of California San Francisco Center for Tuberculosis, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - P Kaur
- Boston University, Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Global Health and Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A H Diacon
- TASK Applied Science and Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Ugarte-Gil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - C D Mitnick
- School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - T R Sterling
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - E Gotuzzo
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - C R Horsburgh
- Boston University, Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Global Health and Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Kaur J, Kamboj K, Kaur P, Jose Kakkanattu T, Sethi J, Singh Kohli H, Kumar V, Kumar Yadav A. POS-171 MYO-INOSITOL OXYGENASE (MIOX) & YES-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (YAP) IN COMMUNITY ACQUIRED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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SHARMA A, Kaur P, Kumar V, Kamboj K, Gondil V, Yadav A, Kohli H, Jha V. POS-426 CLINICAL TRIAL DATABASE (CTD): INTEGRATED DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR CLINICAL TRIALS. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Jaiswal V, Brar APS, Sandhu BS, Singla LD, Narang D, Leishangthem GD, Kaur P. Comparative evaluation of various diagnostic techniques for detection of Cryptosporidium infection from the faecal samples of diarrhoeic bovine calves. Iran J Vet Res 2022; 23:247-254. [PMID: 36425600 PMCID: PMC9681974 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2022.42714.6204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryptosporidium, an opportunistic, zoonotic, apicomplexan parasite, is one of the most common causes of diarrhea in neonatal bovine calves around the globe. Bovine calves act as a major source of infection by excreting huge numbers of highly resistant oocysts in faeces, which can survive for a long time in extreme environmental conditions. As low as ten oocysts can cause disease and mortality, leading to the requirement of an early and accurate diagnosis for proper and favorable prognosis, management, and control. AIMS The current study was conducted with the objective to evaluate various diagnostic techniques (acid fast staining, negative staining, fluorescent, ELISA, PCR, nested PCR, and qPCR) for the detection of Cryptosporidium in the faecal samples of diarrheic bovine calves. METHODS Two hundred diarrheic faecal samples from bovine calves were collected and subjected to these techniques for Cryptosporidium diagnosis. Results of these were evaluated for diagnostic comparison. RESULTS Out of 200 faecal samples evaluated, 24% (48/200) were detected positive for Cryptosporidium using a combination of two techniques as gold standard criteria. Cohen's kappa value indicated moderate to almost perfect agreement (0.616 to 0.986) among all the techniques used in the present study. Leishman staining showed the lowest sensitivity (54.17%), while nested PCR and qPCR showed the highest sensitivity (97.92%). Diagnostic specificity of all these tests ranged from 98.68 to 100%. CONCLUSION Auramine stain was used for the first time in the bovine calves in India for the detection and diagnostic comparison of Cryptosporidium. It showed strong agreement with the molecular as well as classical diagnostic techniques, and can be used for primary screening for better diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Jaiswal
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - A. P. S. Brar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - B. S. Sandhu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - L. D. Singla
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - D. Narang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - G. D. Leishangthem
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - P. Kaur
- MSc in Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Javed R, Narang D, Kaur P, Chandra M, Filia G, Singh ST. A fluorescence polarization assay using recombinant protein ESAT-6 for the detection of antibodies against pathogenic Mycobacterium bovis in bovine. Iran J Vet Res 2022; 23:204-209. [PMID: 36425598 PMCID: PMC9681983 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2022.38558.5613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a major bacterial disease that causes significant economic disruption across the globe. AIMS Our study was based on using a fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) that used fluorescein-labeled ESAT-6 protein to detect Mycobacterium bovis antibodies in bovine serum. METHODS The ESAT-6 protein was used in a FPA. Positive TB reactors were determined by the comparative intradermal test (CID) and interferon gamma test (IFN-γ). Antibodies against M. bovis were detected using a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled tracer and a whole culture FITC labeled tracer in the positive cattle. RESULTS Of the 192 animals tested for bTB, 37 were found to be positive by either the CID or IFN-γ assays. Using the mP values from five culture-positive serum samples, a cutoff value of more than >127 mp provided the best discrimination between positive reactors and negative bTB animals. The ESAT-6 results of FPA in comparison with CID results revealed sensitivity of 92.9% and specificity of 64.6%, and in comparison with results IFN-γ, showed sensitivity of 95.7% and specificity of 49%. FPA using FITC labelled ESAT-6 as a tracer has better sensitivity (95.7%) and specificity (49.1%) than IFN-γ test in humoral immune response in animals. CONCLUSION This work revealed that the ESAT-6 protein as an antigen can be used in diagnosing bTB using a practical and sensitive humoral test.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Javed
- Ph.D. Student, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science (COVS), Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - D. Narang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science (COVS), Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - P. Kaur
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science (COVS), Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - M. Chandra
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science (COVS), Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - G. Filia
- Animal Disease Research Centre (ADRC), College of Veterinary Science (COVS), Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - S. T. Singh
- Directorate of Livestock Farms, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Quraishi A, Kaur P, Singh Sharma N, Arora AK. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from goat milk in association with molecular detection of antibiotic resistance genes. Iran J Vet Res 2021; 22:239-243. [PMID: 34777526 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2021.38465.5599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Microbes become unresponsive to the drugs used to treat infections due to their ability to acquire antimicrobial resistance. Aims The present research aimed to study the patterns of phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from goat milk. Methods A total of 200 milk samples were collected to isolate Staphylococcus spp. from mastitic and healthy goats from Punjab state, India. The isolates were then identified biochemically and molecularly (polymerase chain reaction (PCR)). An antibiotic sensitivity test was conducted using 15 different antibiotics. Molecular detection of antibiotic resistance genes was done using PCR. Chi-square test was done to study the association between genotypic and phenotypic resistance patterns among the isolates. Results A total of 47 Staphylococcus spp. were isolated of which 33 and 14 isolates were respectively coagulase positive and negative. The isolates phenotypically showed the highest resistance to Penicillin G (P) (91.4%). Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was found 56.25%. Amongst the antibiotic resistance genes, tetK (87.23%) was the most prevalent isolated gene followed by blaZ (85.10%), mecA (48.93%), and tetM (14.89%). Statistical analysis revealed that the genotypic and phenotypic resistance patterns were significantly associated with penicillin and methicillin (MET) resistances. Conclusion The high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus spp., especially MRSA, in goat milk is of concern and needs to be addressed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Quraishi
- MVSc Student in Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - P Kaur
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - N Singh Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
| | - A K Arora
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
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Saini A, Gupta P, Bansal P, Sharma RP, Krishan B, Kaur P, Ferretti V. SYNTHESES, CHARACTERIZATION, X-RAY STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION, AND PACKING ANALYSES OF TERNARY COPPER(II) COMPLEXES: [Cu(2-PHENOXYACETATE/4-CHLOROBENZOATE)2(TEMED)]. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476621090080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yadav A, Kamboj K, Kaur P, Kumar V, Jha V. POS-400 EFFECT OF ORAL CHOLECALCIFEROL SUPPLEMENTATION ON SERUM LEVEL OF ANGIOGENIC MARKERS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Chanda A, Chauhan A, Kaur P, Soni A, Sehgal S, Khurana A, Parkash O, Verma Y. P37.11 Assessment of Plasma D-Dimer as a Predictive Biomarker for Treatment Response in Lung Cancer Treated with Radiation Therapy. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chauhan A, Chanda A, Kaur P, Soni A, Sehgal S, Khurana A, Verma Y, Parkash O. P30.06 Outcome Differences Amongst Histopathological Variants of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Palliative Radiotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kaur P, Lello LS, Utt A, Dutta SK, Merits A, Chu JJH. Bortezomib inhibits chikungunya virus replication by interfering with viral protein synthesis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008336. [PMID: 32469886 PMCID: PMC7286522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus that causes a febrile illness accompanied by myalgia and arthralgia. Despite having re-emerged as a significant public health threat, there are no approved therapeutics or prophylactics for CHIKV infection. In this study, we explored the anti-CHIKV effects of proteasome inhibitors and their potential mechanism of antiviral action. A panel of proteasome inhibitors with different functional groups reduced CHIKV infectious titers in a dose-dependent manner. Bortezomib, which has been FDA-approved for multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma, was further investigated in downstream studies. The inhibitory activities of bortezomib were confirmed using different cellular models and CHIKV strains. Time-of-addition and time-of-removal studies suggested that bortezomib inhibited CHIKV at an early, post-entry stage of replication. In western blot analysis, bortezomib treatment resulted in a prominent decrease in structural protein levels as early as 6 hpi. Contrastingly, nsP4 levels showed strong elevations across all time-points. NsP2 and nsP3 levels showed a fluctuating trend, with some elevations between 12 to 20 hpi. Finally, qRT-PCR data revealed increased levels of both positive- and negative-sense CHIKV RNA at late stages of infection. It is likely that the reductions in structural protein levels is a major factor in the observed reductions in virus titer, with the alterations in non-structural protein ratios potentially being a contributing factor. Proteasome inhibitors like bortezomib likely disrupt CHIKV replication through a variety of complex mechanisms and may display a potential for use as therapeutics against CHIKV infection. They also represent valuable tools for studies of CHIKV molecular biology and virus-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Kaur
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Age Utt
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sujit Krishna Dutta
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore
| | - Andres Merits
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Collaborative and Translational Unit for HFMD, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Javaid MU, Bano S, Mirza MZ, Isha ASN, Nadeem S, Jawaid A, Ghazali Z, Nübling M, Imtiaz N, Kaur P. Connotations of psychological and physiological health in the psychosocial work environment: An industrial context. Work 2020; 64:551-561. [PMID: 31658088 DOI: 10.3233/wor-193016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological conditions are experiences of the conscious and unconscious elements of the work context, which revolve around workers' perceptions of feeling either engaged or disengaged with the assigned tasks. In the psychosocial work environment of hazardous industries like petrochemicals where production lasts twenty-four hours a day and continues seven-days-a-week, a psychologically available worker is extremely important. Psychological availability refers to when workers who are physically, emotionally and psychologically engaged at the moment of performing tasks. OBJECTIVE The broad objective of this study was to investigate the direct and indirect effects of behavioral factors on the psychological and physiological health of workers. METHODS The latest, second generation technique, which is structural equation modeling, is used to identify the relationships between behavioral antecedents and health outcomes. A total of 277 technical workers participated, aged between 20 and 49 and were healthy in all aspects. RESULTS The study results showed quantitative demands, emotional demands, work-family conflict, and job insecurity were significantly associated with both psychological (stress) and physiological (Body Mass Index) factors. The social support of colleagues produced mixed findings with direct and indirect paths. Stress also significantly mediates the psychosocial factors and burnout of the workers. CONCLUSION The study concluded that workers were physically available, but they experienced distractions as members of social systems, affecting their physiological and psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sobia Bano
- Department of Management Sciences, GIFT Business School, GIFT University, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Mirza
- Department of Engineering Management, National University of Science and Technology, Pakistan
| | | | - Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Management Sciences, Lahore Garrison University, Pakistan
| | - Arif Jawaid
- Department of Management Sciences, Lahore Garrison University, Pakistan
| | - Zulkipli Ghazali
- Department of Management & Humanities, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia
| | - Matthias Nübling
- FFAW: Freiburg Research Centre for Occupational Sciences, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nazish Imtiaz
- Department of Management Sciences, National Textile University, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Kaur
- Department of Anthropology and Sociology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia
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Narang A, Singh Randhawa S, Kumar Sood N, Chhabra S, Singla LD, Kaur P. Atypical theileriosis with cutaneous involvement in a cow in India: a case report. REV SCI TECH OIE 2020; 38:703-709. [PMID: 32286574 DOI: 10.20506/rst.38.3.3019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bovine tropical theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata is an overwhelming haemoprotozoan tick-borne disease in taurine and cross-bred cattle in Punjab, India. However, there seems to be no report from India of cutaneous nodules associated with the disease. This report describes a five-year-old cross-bred cow presented to a university clinic with a history of fever, inappetence and malaise for the past six to seven days. Clinical examination revealed normal vital parameters, pale mucous membranes, mild enlargement of the prescapular lymph nodes and multiple subcutaneous nodular masses (2-4 cm) on the neck and abdomen. Haematology revealed mild anaemia and leucopenia with 48% neutrophils, 48% lymphocytes and 4% eosinophils. Romanowsky-stained smears of fineneedle aspiration biopsy samples from swollen lymph nodes and subcutaneous masses showed an increased number of lymphoid cells, suggesting cutaneous lymphomatosis. However, a critical examination of the smears from subcutaneous nodules showed a large number of Koch's blue bodies in macrophages and lymphoblasts, and several piroplasms were also noticed within the red blood cells in lymph node smears. A peripheral blood smear revealed mild to moderate parasitaemia. Extracted DNA from the parasitologically positive blood sample was subjected to nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) using T. annulata speciesspecific primers encoding the 30-kiloDalton major sporozoite surface antigen. The desired 572-base pair amplified product of the nPCR was comparable to the positive control. This seems to be a rare case of T. annulata in an adult cross-bred cow, showing cutaneous nodular involvement.
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Kamboj K, Yadav A, Kumar V, Kaur P, Kohli H, Jha V. SUN-103 MAJOR ADVERSE KIDNEY EVENT RATES IN INDIAN SUBJECTS WITH CKD: FINDINGS FROM ICKD COHORT. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Madarkar BS, Kaur P. Treatment of Neonatal Seizures: Levetiracetam vs Phenobarbitone. Indian Pediatr 2019; 56:1065-1066. [PMID: 31884447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B S Madarkar
- Department of Neonatology, Prashanthi Hospital, Warangal, Telangana, India.
| | - P Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
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Gupta A, Singh PK, Sharma P, Kaur P, Sharma S, Singh TP. Structural and biochemical studies of phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase from Acinetobacter baumannii with dephospho-coenzyme A and coenzyme A. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 142:181-190. [PMID: 31525415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphopantetheine adenylyl transferase catalyzes a rate limiting penultimate step of the multistep reaction which produces coenzyme A (CoA) as a final product. CoA is required as an essential cofactor in a number of metabolic reactions. Therefore inhibiting the function of this enzyme will lead to cell death in bacteria. Acinetobacter baumannii is multi drug resistant pathogen and causes infections in immunocompromised patients. AbPPAT has been cloned, expressed, purified and crystallized and structures of two complexes of AbPPAT with dephospho coenzyme A (dPCoA) and coenzyme A (CoA) have been determined. Both dPCoA and CoA molecules are observed in the substrate binding site of AbPPAT. A comparison with the structures of the complexes of PPAT from other species shows that the orientations of dPCoA are identical in all the structures. On the other hand, as observed from the structures of the complexes of CoA with PPAT, the orientations of CoA are found to differ considerably. This shows that the substrates occupy identical positions in the substrate binding sites of enzymes whereas the positions of inhibitors may differ. The binding studies carried out using fluorescence method and surface plasmon resonance techniques showed that binding affinity of CoA towards AbPPAT is nearly three times higher than that of dPCoA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gupta
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - P K Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - P Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - P Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - T P Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Kaur P, Kamboj K, Yadav A, Jha V, CKD Investigators I. SAT-248 SEX-DIFFERENCE IN INDIAN PATIENTS WITH CKD – FINDINGS FROM THE INDIAN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STUDY. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Kaur P, Abd-Rahim A. Promoting Social Inclusion: Voices from Persons Affected by Hansen’s Disease. IJARBSS 2019; 9. [DOI: 10.6007/ijarbss/v9-i6/5923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Evans R, Bundred JR, Kaur P, Hodson J, Griffiths EA. Meta-analysis of the influence of a positive circumferential resection margin in oesophageal cancer. BJS Open 2019; 3:595-605. [PMID: 31592511 PMCID: PMC6773635 DOI: 10.1002/bjs5.50183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The evidence regarding the prognostic impact of a positive circumferential resection margin (CRM) in oesophageal cancer is conflicting, and there is global variability in the definition of a positive CRM. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a positive CRM on survival in patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer. Methods A systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for articles to May 2018 examining the effect of a positive CRM on survival. Cohort studies written in English were included. Meta‐analyses of univariable and multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) were performed using both Royal College of Pathologists (RCP) and College of American Pathologists (CAP) criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Egger regression, and Duval and Tweedie trim‐and‐fill statistics were used to assess publication bias. Results Of 133 studies screened, 29 incorporating 6142 patients were finally included for analysis. Pooled univariable HRs for overall survival in patients with a positive CRM were 1·68 (95 per cent c.i. 1·48 to 1·91; P < 0·001) and 2·18 (1·84 to 2·60; P < 0·001) using RCP and CAP criteria respectively. Subgroup analyses demonstrated similar results for patients by T category, neoadjuvant therapy and tumour type. Pooled HRs from multivariable analyses suggested that a positive CRM was independently predictive of a worse overall survival (RCP: 1·41, 1·21 to 1·64, P < 0·001; CAP: 2·37, 1·60 to 3·51, P < 0·001). Conclusion A positive CRM is associated with a worse prognosis regardless of classification system, T category, tumour type or neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Evans
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - J R Bundred
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK.,College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
| | - P Kaur
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - J Hodson
- Institute of Translational Medicine University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - E A Griffiths
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK.,Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
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Kuehnle E, Kaur P, Siggelkow W, Luebbe K, Schrader I, Uleer C, Noeding S, Noeding KH, Noesselt T, Arfsten M, Busch C, Krentel N, Hillemanns P, Dörk T, Park-Simon TW. Abstract P1-15-10: A prospective multicenter real-world study on neoadjuvant treatment and clinical outcome in TNBC patients. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-15-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Controversy exists with regards to the optimal regimen for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) of TNBC. Platinum-based regimens seem to be more active in TNBC improving pCR rates significantly. But adding platinum to an anthracycline/taxane chemotherapy regime comes at the expense of greater toxicity. Its impact on survival and long-term-outcomes remains undetermined. Practical guidelines vary across leading international professional societies. In this real-world multicenter study neoadjuvant regimens, pCR rates and survival were evaluated.
Material and methods
This study was conducted from 2012-2017 in six certified breast cancer centers in the region of Hanover, Germany, including rural and urban populations by using a personal questionnaire and data from the medical records. All patients with primary TNBC (ER<1%, PR<1%, Her2/neu 0, 1+ or 2+ FISH/CISH negative) and no evidence of distant disease were eligible.
Results
143/217 patients (66%) received NAC and 74/217patients (34%) adjuvant chemotherapy. 63/143 (44%) patients achieved pCR. 23/63 (35%) received platinum-based NAC and 40/63 (65%) received chemotherapy without platinum. In 80 patients pCR was not achieved. 12/80 patients received platinum and 68/80 non platinum-based NAC. pCR was significantly higher among patients with platinum-based chemotherapy (chi-square, p < 0.003). 20/23 patients who achieved pCR received NAC containing anthracycline/taxane/carboplatin, 3/23 patients received a taxane/carboplatin-based regime. Treatment discontinuation was seen in 12/35 (34%) patients receiving platinum-based NAC vs 15/108 (14%) in non-platinum-based NAC. Mean follow up was 17 months (1-70months). A significant difference in OS (p=0.007) and DFS (p=0.001) was seen for patients with a pCR.
Conclusion
Our trial confirms that platinum based NAC achieves significantly higher rates of pCR in patients with TNBC. pCR was associated with significantly longer DFS and OS. The CALBG protocol (CALBG 40603) was the preferred choice of treatment regimen followed by the GeparSixto protocol. In our study the pCR rate was comparable to that of both trials in which pCR rates of 60% (CALBG 40603) and 53% (GeparSixto) were achieved. However, in our trial 34% of the patients discontinued treatment due to toxicity. Therefore these protocols should be used in carefully selected patients. In a real world setting less toxic chemotherapy regimens achieved a pCR rate of 37%. In terms of toxicity and adherence to chemotherapy, these regimens are reasonable alternative options. In daily care close monitoring of treatment response is essential during NAC. In patients who have a rapid clinical response to platinum-free NAC the benefit of adding platinum is questionable. In contrast, the addition of platinum seems to be appropriate in those patients who show only limited response under NAC.
Citation Format: Kuehnle E, Kaur P, Siggelkow W, Luebbe K, Schrader I, Uleer C, Noeding S, Noeding K-H, Noesselt T, Arfsten M, Busch C, Krentel N, Hillemanns P, Dörk T, Park-Simon T-W. A prospective multicenter real-world study on neoadjuvant treatment and clinical outcome in TNBC patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-15-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kuehnle
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - P Kaur
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - W Siggelkow
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - K Luebbe
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - I Schrader
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - C Uleer
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - S Noeding
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - K-H Noeding
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - T Noesselt
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - M Arfsten
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - C Busch
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - N Krentel
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - P Hillemanns
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - T Dörk
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - T-W Park-Simon
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Breast Center, Hanover, Germany; Klinikum Hannover Nordstadt, Cooperative Breast Center Klinikum Region Hanover, Hanover, Germany; HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Breast Center, Hildesheim, Germany; Sana Klinikum Hameln-Pyrmont, Breast Center, Hameln, Germany; Kreiskrankenhaus Stadthagen, Breast Center Schaumburg, Stadthagen, Germany; PVA Mammographiescreening Niedersachsen Süd, Hildesheim, Germany
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Awtani M, Kapoor GK, Kaur P, Saha J, Crasta D, Banker M. Anxiety and Stress at Different Stages of Treatment in Women Undergoing In vitro Fertilization-Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection. J Hum Reprod Sci 2019; 12:47-52. [PMID: 31007467 PMCID: PMC6472199 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_23_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the state anxiety (the present state of mind), trait anxiety (general anxiety), as well as perceived stress in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment at three stages: T1 (on the day of start of stimulation), T2 (on the day of embryo transfer), and T3 (10 days after embryo transfer). The data at T3 level were collected telephonically. Methodology: The present study was carried out on 137 women undergoing IVF intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle at four different clinics of four cities from October to April 2016. State-trait anxiety inventory (Spielberger) and perceived stress scale (Okun, et al.) were used as the tools. Statistical Analysis: The analysis was done at two levels; descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance [ANOVA], Student's t-test, Levene's test) using SPSS v16. Results: The state anxiety was higher at all the three levels than trait anxiety. The overt anxiety was highest at T3 level (mean = 45.77) followed by T1 level (mean = 44.23) and T2 level (mean = 43.04). Perceived stress was elevated at T1 level (mean = 17.93) followed by T3 level (mean = 17.28) and T2 level (mean = 16.72). The results of ANOVA showed a significant difference in anxiety among all the three levels (P = 0.036), but no significant difference was found for perceived stress (P = 0.169). t-test revealed that there was a significant difference between state and trait anxiety at T1, T2, and T3 levels (P = 0.01, P = 0.21, P = 0.00, respectively). A significant difference was only seen between the T1 and T2 levels in perceived stress (P = 0.052). In state anxiety, a significant difference was observed only between T2 and T3 levels (P = 0.23). Conclusion: It was observed that anxiety and stress are present in women throughout the treatment. The waiting period (T3) is the most anxious for them and their level of state anxiety is higher compared to their trait anxiety. Perceived stress is observed to be more on the day of start of stimulation followed by the waiting period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Awtani
- Counselor, Nova IVI Fertility, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Parveen Kaur
- Counselor, Nova IVI Fertility, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Jayeeta Saha
- Counselor, Nova IVI Fertility, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Diana Crasta
- Chief Counselor, Nova IVI Fertility, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manish Banker
- Senior Consultant, Nova IVI Fertility, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Dillon CC, Keophimphone B, Sanchez M, Kaur P, Muchalski H. Synthesis of 2-substituted benzo[b]thiophenes via gold(i)-NHC-catalyzed cyclization of 2-alkynyl thioanisoles. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:9279-9284. [PMID: 30484460 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02196a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[b]thiophene heterocycles are important components of many important small molecule pharmaceuticals and drug candidates as well as organic semiconducting materials. Many methods have been developed for the construction of a benzo[b]thiophene core via cyclization reaction of alkynes. Although few catalytic reactions were disclosed, most methods rely on stoichiometric activation of alkynes. Here we report an efficient method for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzo[b]thiophenes from 2-alkynyl thioanisoles catalyzed by a gold(i)-IPr hydroxide that is applicable to a wide range of substrates with diverse electronic and steric properties. Additionally, we demonstrate experimentally that the acid additive and its conjugate base are essential to catalyst turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Dillon
- California State University Fresno, 2555 E San Ramon Ave M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA.
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Goel A, Liu C, Kaur P, Wong M, Scala L. Genitourinary (GU) Toxicity in Patients with Intermediate and High-Risk Prostate Cancer Managed with Hypofractionated External Radiation and High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy Boost. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sharma J, Sango C, Kaur P, Bhardwaj N. Crude cellulase treatment for reactivity enhancement of pre-hydrolysed kraft dissolving pulp for viscose. N Biotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.05.1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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40
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Worsley MP, Forrest PN, Roesch S, Thatcher C, Sermon PA, Kaur P. Nanoengineering ABO 3 active sites from low-energy routes (TX100-stabilised water-in-oil microemulsions, surface segregation and surface complexation on colloidal AlOOH/sol-gel Al 2O 3 surfaces) for pollution control catalysis. Faraday Discuss 2018; 208:537-553. [PMID: 29946606 DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00006a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is shown that water-in-oil microemulsions (m/e or μE) can produce BaCeO3 (BCO) and LaCoO3 (LCO) precursors. The nanoparticles (NPs) adsorb on AlOOH sols, in much the same way as Turkevich previously immobilised platinum group metal sols. BCO is active in CO and propane oxidation and NO removal under stoichiometric exhaust conditions, but LCO is a better oxidation catalyst. Activity was also seen when Ba,Ce and La,Co are inserted into/segregate at the surface of AlOOH/Al2O3. However, there is only formation of low levels of BCO, CAIO3 (CAO), LCO and LaAIO3 (LAO) perovskites, along with aluminates and separate oxides. The complexing of cations by AlOOH surface-held oxalate ions, albeit with different efficiencies, has also been explored. All three routes yield active catalysts with micro-domains of crystallinity; microemulsions produce the best defined perovskite NPs, but even those from surface segregation have higher turnover numbers than traditional Pt catalysts. Perovskite NPs may open up green chemistry for air pollution control that is consistent with a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Worsley
- Nanomaterials Laboratory, Wolfson Centre, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middx. UB8 3PH, UK.
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41
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Gautam A, Jain A, Kaur P, Sikka A. Morphology and variations in the extrarenal part of renal artery – A cadaveric study. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2018.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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42
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Shchekotikhin A, Tikhomirov A, Kaur P, Shtil A. PO-458 The role of functional groups in the antitumor properties of antrafuran. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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43
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Yadav R, Saini A, Kaur P, Behera D, Sethi S. Diagnostic accuracy of GenoType® MTBDRsl VER 2.0 in detecting second-line drug resistance to M. tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 22:419-424. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. Yadav
- Department of
Medical Microbiology and
| | - A. Saini
- Department of
Medical Microbiology and
| | - P. Kaur
- Department of
Medical Microbiology and
| | - D. Behera
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S. Sethi
- Department of
Medical Microbiology and
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Yamauchi P, Crowley J, Kaur P, Spelman L, Warren R. Biosimilars: what the dermatologist should know. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:1066-1074. [PMID: 29360210 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Biosimilars are highly similar versions of approved branded biologics. In contrast to generics, which are identical copies of the originator medicines, biosimilars are considered unique but related molecules that differ from the originator reference product as well as from each other. Owing to the complexity of biologic medicines, such as therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, minor differences between biosimilars and the reference products are acceptable provided these differences do not result in any clinically meaningful differences in safety or efficacy. In addition, minor changes in structure and function may occur over time in originator biologic products as a result of alterations in production materials (e.g. cell lines), processes or conditions. The developmental process for biosimilars focuses on a 'totality of evidence' approach that emphasizes a stepwise investigational process, including comprehensive structural, functional, pharmacologic and clinical assessment for similarity. The goal of the phase 3 clinical development programme for a biosimilar is not to establish efficacy, per se, but to demonstrate that there are no clinically meaningful differences between the proposed biosimilar and the reference product. The requirement to show clinical similarity informs biosimilar study design, including the selection of the patient population, disease state (indication), study endpoints and statistical methods. Based on the clinical trial results in a representative patient population, results may be extrapolated to other indications provided scientific justification is demonstrated based on, among other things, similar mechanism of action in the extrapolated indications. This review presents the current state of knowledge with respect to biosimilars. We aim to provide the practising clinician with a working knowledge of biosimilars as well as provide some practical guidance on their use and potential benefits in treating dermatologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yamauchi
- UCLA School of Medicine, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - J Crowley
- Bakersfield Dermatology, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - P Kaur
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - L Spelman
- Veracity Clinical Research and Probity, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - R Warren
- The Dermatology Centre, University of Manchester, Salford Royal Foundation Hospital, Salford, Manchester, UK
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45
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Thakar MK, Kaur P, Sharma T. Validation studies on gender determination from fingerprints with special emphasis on ridge characteristics. Egypt J Forensic Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s41935-018-0049-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ring A, Porras T, Campo D, Kaur P, Forte VA, Tripathy D, Lu J, Zada G, Wagle N, Wecsler JS, Lang JE. Abstract P2-01-04: The whole transcriptional landscape of circulating tumor cells compared to metastases in stage IV breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p2-01-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and the circulating cells (CTCs) leading to macrometastasis are inherently different than primary breast cancer, evolving under the selection pressure of systemic therapy. A better understanding of the tumor biology of CTCs compared to metastasis may shed light on treatment opportunities.
Methods: We performed whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA Seq) on fresh metastatic tumor biopsies (mets), CTCs, and peripheral blood (PB) from 21 newly diagnosed MBC patients. CTCs were harvested using the ANGLE Parsortix to isolate cells based on size and deformability. Data were analyzed for differential expression, pathways, single nucleotide variants (SNV), fusions, intrinsic subtype, and a CTC-mets shared gene signature was validated using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Detailed clinical-pathological and treatment data was evaluated.
Results: CTCs as a group showed much stronger gene expression of oncogenes, stem cell genes, keratins and mesenchymal markers than did mets from the same patients. Matched patient comparisons for 66 potentially clinically actionable genes for 8/9 pathways showed no significant difference in gene expression targets between CTCs and mets on ANOVA, although fold-change did vary. Eight SNVs in the ESR1 gene (n=5 patients) and 5 SNVs in the HER2 gene (n=2 patients) were shared between CTCs and distant metastases.
Differential gene expression analysis identified a signature of 8870 genes that were statistically significantly correlated between CTCs and mets (FDR adjusted p<0.05). Ingenuity pathway analysis was applied to the list of genes shared between CTCs and mets, with analysis of canonical pathways and upstream regulators revealing numerous oncogenes and breast cancer related genes. The top upstream regulators of CTCs-mets were beta-estradiol, progesterone, FOXA1, HNRPA2B1 and HNF1A. The top 50 genes of this CTC-mets shared signature were prognostic of worse overall survival in the TCGA breast cancer dataset (p<0.001), which included 817 patients with a median follow-up of 59.5 months. Second time-point data for n=5 patients with subsequent PB draws 6 months after baseline is currently pending. Intrinsic subtyping of mets by either NanoString assays or RNA Seq were not concordant with intrinsic subtyping of CTCs by RNA Seq.
Four of 21 CTC samples showed strong whole transcriptome RPKM correlation with PB (R2)>0.9, however, 3/21 CTC samples showed strong whole transcriptome RPKM correlation with mets (R2)>0.8. The remainder showed low correlation with both. Coverage was 91.4X for CTCs, 140.2X for mets and 138.5X for PB.
Conclusions: We present the transcriptomic landscape of CTCs with comparison to metastases and peripheral blood all acquired prior to treatment of newly diagnosed Stage IV breast cancer. Multiple genes, including oncogenes and stem cell genes, were found with higher expression in CTCs versus metastases. When focusing on 66 known potentially clinically actionable genes in breast cancer, CTCs did not show significantly different patterns of expression than mets in terms of up-regulation versus down-regulation compared to PB. RNA Seq of CTCs may be utilized to identify molecular alterations that are potentially clinically actionable.
Citation Format: Ring A, Porras T, Campo D, Kaur P, Forte VA, Tripathy D, Lu J, Zada G, Wagle N, Wecsler JS, Lang JE. The whole transcriptional landscape of circulating tumor cells compared to metastases in stage IV breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ring
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - T Porras
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - D Campo
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - P Kaur
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - VA Forte
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - D Tripathy
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - J Lu
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - G Zada
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - N Wagle
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - JS Wecsler
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - JE Lang
- University of Southern California (USC) Norris Cancer Center; USC University Park Campus Genomics Core; Maimonades Medical Center; MD Anderson Cancer Center
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Bedi J, Gill J, Kaur P, Aulakh R. Pesticide residues in milk and their relationship with pesticide contamination of feedstuffs supplied to dairy cattle in Punjab (India). J Anim Feed Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/82623/2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kaur P, Abd-Rahim A, Jahoring A, Edut J, Jawaid A. A COMMUNITY OF SECRETS: STIGMATIZATION OF FORMER HANSEN’S DISEASE PATIENTS AND THEIR GENERATIONS IN KAMPUNG SINAR BARU, SARAWAK, MALAYSIA. JBK 2018; 3. [DOI: 10.33736/jbk.623.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In the early 19th century in Sarawak, Hansen’s disease or leprosy became a reportable disease where the unfortunate victims were forcibly segregated to a leprosarium, leaving behind family, relatives and future. The image of claw hands or toes and rot noses were associated with the unclean and the sinful. This chronic transmissible affliction made a great panic to the state government to ostracize sufferers in an isolated settlement back in the 1920s. Fortunately, the infection can be cured but negative attitudes towards the former leprosy patients persist until now. This paper is based on ethnographic work that explores the stigma experienced and challenges faced by former leprosy patients and their generation. The research findings are based on three months of fieldwork with seven former sufferers and three children of former sufferers who live in Kampung Sinar Baru, Kota Padawan, Sarawak, a resettlement village for the former leprosy patients. The findings reveal their dreadful past experiences on compulsory segregation in Rajah Charles Brooke Memorial Hospital (RCBMH) where they were forced to be separated from family and hometown which still haunt them till today. In addition, former patients suffer mental health consequences and humiliation from the effects of treatment and also from visible deformities. Nevertheless, they believe that the stigmatization is less severe now than in the past and empathy from society makes them become more independent.
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Sobti R, Shekari M, Tamandani DK, Kaur P, Suri V, Huria A. Effect of NBS1 Gene Polymorphism on the Risk of Cervix Carcinoma in a Northern Indian Population. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 23:133-9. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080802300301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common neoplastic diseases affecting women, with a worldwide incidence of almost half a million cases. A history of smoking and use of oral contraceptives have been confirmed to be risk factors for cervical cancer. Genetic susceptibility and immune response, especially impaired cellular immune response, may well be related to the development of cervical cancer. NBS1 is one of the key proteins participating in the recognition and repair of double-strand breaks that may lead to genomic instability and cancer if unrepaired. The objective of the present study was therefore to investigate NBS1 Glu185Gln gene polymorphisms and the risk of cervix cancer in a northern Indian population. We found that passive smokers having particular NBS1 genotypes (Glu/Gln, Gln/Gln or Glu/Gln + Gln/Gln) have an increased risk of developing cervix cancer (OR 5.21, p=0.000001; OR 4.60, p=0.001; OR 5.10, p=0.0000009, respectively). The risk was increased 2.4-fold in oral contraceptive users with a Glu/Gln genotype. We conclude that the risk of cervical cancer is increased in passive smokers and in users of oral contraceptives with certain NBS1 genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.C. Sobti
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh
| | - M. Shekari
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh
| | | | - P. Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh
| | - V. Suri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
| | - A. Huria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh - India
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Papp K, Bachelez H, Costanzo A, Foley P, Gooderham M, Kaur P, Philipp S, Spelman L, Zhang N, Strober B. Clinical similarity of the biosimilar ABP 501 compared with adalimumab after single transition: long-term results from a randomized controlled, double-blind, 52-week, phase III trial in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:1562-1574. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Papp
- Clinical Research; Waterloo ON Canada
- Probity Medical Research; Waterloo ON Canada
| | - H. Bachelez
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Université Paris Diderot; Department of Dermatology; AP-HP HP Hôpital Saint-Louis; INSERM U1163; Institut Imagine; Paris France
| | - A. Costanzo
- Dermatology Unit; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Humanitas University; Rozzano - Milan Italy
| | - P. Foley
- Department of Medicine (Dermatology); The University of Melbourne; St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne; Australia
- Skin & Cancer Foundation Inc.; Carlton Australia
- Probity Medical Research; Carlton Australia
| | - M. Gooderham
- Probity Medical Research; Waterloo ON Canada
- SKiN Centre for Dermatology; ON Canada
| | - P. Kaur
- Amgen Inc.; Thousand Oaks CA U.S.A
| | - S. Philipp
- Psoriasis Research and Treatment Center; University Hospital Charité; Berlin Germany
| | - L. Spelman
- Veracity Clinical Research; Woolloongabba Queensland Australia
- Probity Medical Research; Woolloongabba Queensland Australia
| | - N. Zhang
- Amgen Inc.; Thousand Oaks CA U.S.A
| | - B. Strober
- University of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington CT U.S.A
- Probity Medical Research; Farmington CT U.S.A
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