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Papillary thyroid carcinoma: the impact of histologic vascular invasion. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2024; 49:69-75. [PMID: 36251020 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.22.03749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recurrence risk prediction system considers vascular invasion (VI) as a relative indicator for adjuvant radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment, nevertheless VI final role in PTC management is yet to be defined. This study aims to assess the impact of histologic VI in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS A retrospective study with PTC patients admitted in our Thyroid Cancer Unit, between January 1960 and December 2016 was performed. We reviewed 905 patient records with 275 having full information about VI on their pathological reports. Demographic and clinical variables were obtained, and univariate/multivariate analysis was performed in order to obtain potential predictive prognostic factors. RESULTS Fifty-one out 275 patients presented VI (18.5%; 95% CI 14.4-23.6%), these individuals had larger tumors (median 19 mm vs. 12 mm, P<0.001) with more frequent extraglandular invasion (54.0% vs. 17.1%, P<0.001), regional lymph nodes involvement (29.8% vs. 12.6%, P=0.003)and distant metastasis (10.9% vs. 1.9%, P=0.003) at diagnosis. VI was an independent predictor for regional lymph node and/or distant metastasis at diagnosis (OR 2.93 [IC 95% 1.16-7.41, P=0.008]). After a median follow-up time was 68.5 months patients with VI presented higher rates of local recurrence and lymph node metastasis recurrence. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the presence of VI in PTC is associated to higher rate of lymph node and distant metastasis at diagnosis. Its presence should be probably considered an adverse prognostic factor in PTC, perhaps justifying more aggressive therapeutic and follow-up approaches in such cases.
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Correction: The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - Short Form (DERS-SF): psychometric properties and invariance between genders. PSICOLOGIA, REFLEXAO E CRITICA : REVISTA SEMESTRAL DO DEPARTAMENTO DE PSICOLOGIA DA UFRGS 2022; 35:19. [PMID: 35781848 PMCID: PMC9253204 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-022-00225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - Short Form (DERS-SF): psychometric properties and invariance between genders. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2022; 35:11. [PMID: 35522349 PMCID: PMC9076757 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-022-00214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The understanding of how individuals manage their emotional experiences has flourished dramatically over the last decades, including assessing of emotion (dys)regulation. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a well-validated and extensively used self-report instrument for emotion regulation problems. Despite the wide use of DERS in both clinical and research settings, its length potentially increases fatigue and frustration in respondents and limits its inclusion in brief research protocols. Consequently, a short-form version of the DERS (DERS-SF) was developed, which requires cross-cultural adaptations and the study of its reliability and validity. Objectives In order to address this issue, this study aimed to analyze the factorial structure and psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of DERS-SF and examine the DERS-SF factor structure invariance between men and women. Methods The sample comprised 646 participants aged between 18 and 66 years (M = 29.93, SD = 11.71). Results The correlated six-factor structure of the original version has an acceptable fit, good reliability, and convergent validity. Our results also suggested the invariance of the factor structure of the DERS-SF across genders. Conclusion The DERS-SF has good psychometric properties, and it may be useful for future research and clinical work to use this six-factor brief version and improve emotion regulation assessment.
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18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer: A Preliminary Study of 20 Cases. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2022; 35:170-175. [PMID: 34818510 DOI: 10.20344/amp.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the growing evidence supporting the use of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in cervical and ovarian malignant tumours, data on vulvar and vaginal cancer is sparse. Our aim was to assess the role of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with vulvar and vaginal cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on a cohort of 20 patients with biopsy-proven vulvar (n = 17) and vaginal (n = 3) cancer who performed 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, between January 2013 and April 2018. We collected the clinical data of all patients, as well as the indication for 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, its results, and the main lesion maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax). In addition, we correlated the results of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography with other diagnostic modalities, namely histological findings, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were divided into two groups, one with newly diagnosed disease and another with recurrent disease. RESULTS Six patients had newly diagnosed disease and 14 had recurrent disease. The main lesion was detected by 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in five out of six patients with newly diagnosed disease and in all 14 patients with recurrent disease. Additional sites of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose uptake were identified in inguinal and iliac lymph nodes and in distant lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography were performed in 12 cases. In four patients with recurrent disease, abnormalities (main lesion/ metastatic lymph nodes) identified by 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography were not detected as suspicious by computed tomography. DISCUSSION In our study, 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography identified abnormalities more often than conventional computed tomography scans in recurrent disease. In comparison with histology, 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography had a sensitivity of 95% and a positive predictive value of 100% in identifying the primary tumour and the recurrent main lesion. Little data is available regarding the usefulness of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the management of vulvar and vaginal cancers. The existing evidence supports a high accuracy in detecting lymph node metastases and a change of 36.0% - 61.5% in patient management. Our findings reinforce the usefulness of this technique in vulvar and vaginal cancer. Limitations of our study include its retrospective nature and the rareness of both vulvar and vaginal cancer, which leads to a small sample size and few comparative imaging tests. CONCLUSION In this preliminary study, 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography demonstrated it can be a useful method in patients with vulvar and vaginal cancers, namely in defining the extent of disease and contributing to accurate staging and restaging.
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Posttraumatic growth (PTG) and posttraumatic depreciation (PTD) across ten countries: Global validation of the PTG-PTD theoretical model. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Radionuclide Imaging in the Diagnosis of Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis: Different Sensitivity in Early-Onset V30M Mutation? JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 14:1072-1074. [PMID: 33221227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Feasibility trial of lymph node marking using both clip and carbon dye in cN1 patients submitted to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy to improve accuracy of axillary surgical staging in ycN0 patients after treatment. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30845-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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A Breast 3D model as a possible tool for non-invasive tumour localization in breast surgery. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30736-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Optimal duration and effectiveness of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy in breast cancer – Retrospective series. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Automatic detection of perforators for microsurgical reconstruction and correlation with patient’s body-mass index. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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68Ga-DOTANOC and 18F-FDG PET/CT in metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma: novel correlations with tumoral biomarkers. Endocrine 2019; 64:322-329. [PMID: 30684230 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01846-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metastatic disease is common in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and it is usually detected by raising calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. Nuclear medicine imaging has an important role in lesion identification/characterisation. We aim to compare 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT performance and to explore the correlations between tumoral markers and functional imaging. METHODS This a retrospective cross-sectional study including 13 patients with MTC and high calcitonin/CEA levels that underwent both 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT. RESULTS 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT identified MTC metastases in 2twopatients that were 18F-FDG-negative (sensitivity of 69.2% vs. 53.9%, respectively). 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT also detected a higher number of lesions than 18F-FDG PET/CT in seven patients, with only one patient showing the opposite pattern. Both differences lacked statistical significance (p = 0.50 and p = 0.86, respectively) but 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT better performance allowed changes in patients' management. 68Ga-positive/18F-FDG-negative patients were the ones with the lowest calcitonin doubling time and presented a CEA doubling time >24 months, while the patient with more 18F-FDG-positive lesions was the one with the highest CEA/calcitonin ratio. The number of lesions found in 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT were correlated with calcitonin levels (r = 0.73; p < 0.01) but not with CEA ones (r = 0.42; p = 0.15). The number of 18F-FDG hypermetabolic focus were correlated with CEA levels (r = 0.60; p < 0.05) but not with calcitonin (r = 0.48; p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to describe a positive correlation between 68Ga-positive lesions and calcitonin levels and between 18F-FDG-positivity and CEA levels. Tumoral markers pattern in metastatic MTC could help clinicians to decide which exam to perform first.
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Preventing and reducing school violence: development of a Student and Family Office—a pilot study. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY IN PRACTICE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02667363.2018.1532875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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The development of an automatic tool to improve perforators detection in Angio CT in DIEAP flap breast reconstruction. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Endophthalmitis: what role does vitrectomy play? Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.03182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sarcoma the great "masquerader" hematoma/deep vein thrombosis manifestation. Int J Surg Case Rep 2016; 28:348-351. [PMID: 27792978 PMCID: PMC5090197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The clinical presentation of patients with soft-tissue sarcoma is highly variable. Most patients present with a painless mass, typically one that is increasing in size, and few have systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss, or malaise. Soft tissue sarcomas can initially present as, or even be misdiagnosed as, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), leading to a late diagnosis. CASE REPORT A 51-year-old woman presented to the hospital with complaints of pain and swelling in her left thigh, interpreted as an infected hematoma with an associated deep vein thrombosis and treated accordingly. The patient presented to our emergency department two more times. In the last visit and due to an unresolving clinical scenario a MRI and surgical byopsies were made that confirmed a sarcoma diagnosis. DISCUSSION When a patient presents with an expanding, nontraumatic mass simulating a haematoma, several other differential diagnoses should be considered including aneurysm, bleeding tendency, chronic expanding haematoma and soft-tissue sarcoma. The growth of the tumor undetected while being treated for the DVT and then posteriorly for the hematoma, was without a doubt dismal to the patient, so earlier diagnosis would have been preferable. CONCLUSION When a patient presents with an unusual history of hematoma in the extremities, it is necessary to consider the possibility of a malignant soft tissue tumor.
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Reply to the letter to the editor 'Insertion of central venous catheters (CVCs): any changes in the past ten years' by Biffi et al. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:1351-2. [PMID: 27037295 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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CONTRIBUTIONS FOR ADAPATATION AND STANDARTIZATION OF TWO SOCIAL SUPPORT MEASURES. PSICOLOGIA, SAÚDE & DOENÇAS 2015. [DOI: 10.15309/15psd160309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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“Learn how to be healthy” Project. Eur J Public Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv172.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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The “complete vitrectomy performed early” treatment philosophy. Acta Ophthalmol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2015.0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Walking Clinic in ambulatory surgery--A patient based concept: A Portuguese pioneer project. Int J Surg 2015; 18:174-7. [PMID: 25907327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Walking Clinic is an innovative, efficient and easily reproducible concept adapted to ambulatory surgery. It consists of a preoperative single day work-up, with a surgeon, an anesthetist and a nurse. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient satisfaction and its determinants. METHODS A survey was applied to 171 patients (101 of the Walking Clinic group and 70 not engaged in this new concept). Patient satisfaction was assessed evaluating five major questionnaire items: secretariat (quality of the information and support given), physical space (overall comfort and cleanliness), nurses and medical staff (willingness and expertise), and patients (waiting time until pre-operative consults and exams, waiting time until being scheduled for surgery, surgery day waiting time and postoperative pain control). Furthermore, overall assessment of the received treatment, and probability of patient recommending or returning to our ambulatory unit were also analyzed. RESULTS Walking Clinic group had overall better results in the five major questionnaire items assessed, with statistical significance, except for the physical space. It also showed better results regarding the sub-items postoperative pain control, waiting time until being scheduled for surgery and surgery day waiting time. DISCUSSION The results confirm better patient satisfaction with this new concept. CONCLUSION The Walking Clinic concept complements all the tenets of ambulatory surgery, in a more efficient manner.
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In vitro assessment of gentian violet anti- candida activity. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2012; 74:120-4. [PMID: 22889741 DOI: 10.1159/000338899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC) needs alternative therapeutic approaches. Gentian violet (GeV) has been traditionally used to treat mucocutaneous candidosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of GeV against Candida spp. and contribute to clarify the mechanism of action, supporting its clinical therapeutic use. METHODS Seventeen clinical Candida isolates from RVVC and one C. albicans type collection (ATCC 10231) were studied; the antifungal activity of GeV was evaluated according to the CLSI M27-A3 protocol. To elucidate its mechanism of action, cells were stained with propidium iodide and afterwards analyzed by flow cytometer. RESULTS GeV showed a fungicidal activity against most Candida spp. C. albicans and C. tropicalis were the most susceptible species. Minimal lethal concentrations were similar to minimal inhibitory concentrations for most tested strains. The fungicidal effect was not related to a primary lesion of the cytoplasmic membrane. CONCLUSION In accordance with our findings, GeV is a valuable potent fungicidal drug to be used topically, isolated or in combination with oral antifungal drugs, particularly in RVVC cases.
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Severe malaria--clinical case. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE PNEUMOLOGIA 2011; 17:41-43. [PMID: 21251483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a clinical case of severe malaria, where the rate of initial parasitaemia by Plasmodium falciparum was 43 %. Multiple organ dysfunction, including ARDS, forced admission in a close surveillance unit, with survival of the same. A brief review of the subject is made, focusing on severity and general conduct, alerting and awareness for this entity, whose expression, among us, could take on increasing importance.
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Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is considered the most frequent cause of congenital infection, occurring in 0.2 to 2.2% of all live births. Since this is a wide range of prevalences observed in different studies, it would be desirable to investigate the prevalence of this infection at national level. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the national prevalence of HCMV congenital infection. We analysed a total of 3,600 Guthrie cards collected from Portuguese newborns during a period of 14 months (August 2003 to September 2004). The cards covered all regions of Portugal and were proportional to the number of births in each region. A heat DNA extraction method was used, followed by DNA amplification by nested PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of this method were evaluated as 93% and 100%, respectively, using 28 cards from HCMV-positive and 280 cards from HCMV-negative children. The national prevalence of congenital HCMV was determined as 1.05% (95% confidence interval: 0.748-1.446). This is the first study of the prevalence of HCMV congenital infection at national level in Portugal. It suggests that Portugal may have one of the highest prevalences of congenital HCMV infection in Europe.
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Prevalence of human cytomegalovirus congenital infection in Portuguese newborns. Euro Surveill 2009; 14:13-15. [PMID: 19317972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is considered the most frequent cause of congenital infection, occurring in 0.2 to 2.2% of all live births. Since this is a wide range of prevalences observed in different studies, it would be desirable to investigate the prevalence of this infection at national level. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the national prevalence of HCMV congenital infection. We analysed a total of 3,600 Guthrie cards collected from Portuguese newborns during a period of 14 months (August 2003 to September 2004). The cards covered all regions of Portugal and were proportional to the number of births in each region. A heat DNA extraction method was used, followed by DNA amplification by nested PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of this method were evaluated as 93% and 100%, respectively, using 28 cards from HCMV-positive and 280 cards from HCMV-negative children. The national prevalence of congenital HCMV was determined as 1.05% (95% confidence interval: 0.748-1.446). This is the first study of the prevalence of HCMV congenital infection at national level in Portugal. It suggests that Portugal may have one of the highest prevalences of congenital HCMV infection in Europe.
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Simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens (Tn, sialosyl-Tn, T and sialosyl-T) and gp 230 mucin-like glycoprotein are candidate markers for neoplastic transformation of the human cervix. Virchows Arch 2000; 437:173-9. [PMID: 10993278 DOI: 10.1007/s004280000218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mucins and simple mucin-type carbohydrates are cancer-associated antigens in several human tumors. Expression of Tn, sialosyl-Tn, Thomsen-Friedenreich (T), sialosyl-T and of a recently identified mucin-like glycoprotein (gp230) has not yet been thoroughly investigated in human cervix carcinogenesis. In the present study sections from normal cervix (n=10), CIN III lesions (n=10), and invasive carcinomas (n=47) were evaluated immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies. In normal cervix there was: cytoplasmatic expression of Tn in 1 case (10%); membranous expression of STn in 8 cases (80%); no expression of T and cytoplasmatic expression of ST in 1 case (10%); gp 230 was expressed in all cases with a membranous pattern. In CIN III lesions there was cytoplasmatic and membranous expression of Tn in 3 cases (30%) and of STn in 9 cases (90%); T and ST were not expressed; gp 230 was expressed in 5 cases (50%) both in the cytoplasm and at the cell membrane. In invasive carcinomas we observed Tn expression in 30 cases (63.8%) and STn in 31 cases (66%); T antigen was not expressed; expression of both ST and gp 230 in 24 cases (51.1%); all antigens showed membranous and cytoplasmatic staining. Our results show that Tn and ST are good markers of invasive carcinomas of the human cervix. We have also shown that loss of expression of the mucin-like glycoprotein gp 230 is associated with malignant transformation at a preinvasive stage.
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