Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Antibiotics (Basel) 2021;
10:antibiotics10080988. [PMID:
34439038 PMCID:
PMC8388913 DOI:
10.3390/antibiotics10080988]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Aim of this study is to analyse the characteristics of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) inpatients infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted, including coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who developed VAP from March to May 2020 (VAP COVID-19). They were compared to non-COVID-19 patients who developed VAP from January 2011 to December 2019 (VAP NO COVID-19) and COVID-19 patients who did not develop VAP (NO VAP COVID-19).
RESULTS
Overall, 42 patients were included in the VAP COVID-19group, 37 in the NO VAP COVID-19 group, and 188 in the VAP NO COVID-19 group. VAP COVID-19 had significantly higher rates of shock (71% vs. 48%, p = 0.009), death in ICU (52% vs. 30%, p = 0.011), VAP recurrence (28% vs. 4%, p < 0.0001), positive blood culture (26% vs. 13%, p = 0.038), and polymicrobial culture (28% vs. 13%, p = 0.011) than VAP NO COVID-19. At the multivariate analysis, death in patients with VAP was associated with shock (p = 0.032) and SARS-CoV-2 (p = 0.008) infection.
CONCLUSIONS
VAP in COVID-19 patients is associated with shock, bloodstream, and polymicrobial infections.
Collapse