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Huang J, Liao HT, Fei HW, Xue YM, Zhang L, Lin QW, Ren SQ, Zhan XZ, Fang XH, Zheng MR, Wu SL, Xu L. Association of Thromboembolic Risk Score with Left Atrial Thrombus and Spontaneous Echocardiographic Contrast in Non-Anticoagulated Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients. Cardiology 2018; 140:87-95. [PMID: 29920487 DOI: 10.1159/000489390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to examine the association of CHADS2/CHA2DS2-VASc scores with left atrial thrombus (LAT) and spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SEC) in non-anticoagulated nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) spontaneous patients, and to develop a new scoring system for LAT/SEC prediction. METHODS Consecutive non-anticoagulated NVAF patients with or without LAT/SEC by transesophageal echocardiography were identified in the Guangdong General Hospital. RESULTS Among 2,173 patients, the prevalence of LAT/SEC was 4.9%. Both predictive values of CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores for the presence of LAT/SEC were low-to-moderate (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] = 0.591 and 0.608, respectively, p = 0.90). By multivariate analysis, non-paroxysmal AF, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, and left atrial enlargement were positively associated with LAT/SEC, while CHADS2/CHA2DS2VASc scores were not. A new scoring system based on these 3 factors above significantly improved the discrimination for LAT/SEC (ROC = 0.792). CONCLUSIONS CHADS2/CHA2DS2-VASc scores had limited value in predicting LAT/SEC; a new scoring system that combines AF type and echocardiographic parameters may better predict LAT/SEC as a surrogate for cardioembolic risk in NVAF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong General Hospital, Institute of Geriatrics, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Tao Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wen Fei
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Mei Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong General Hospital, Institute of Geriatrics, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong-Wen Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Qi Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Zhang Zhan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Hong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mu-Rui Zheng
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Lin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhang HJ, Wang H, Sun T, Lu MJ, Xu N, Wu WC, Sun X, Wang WG, Lin QW. Assessment of left ventricular twist mechanics by speckle tracking echocardiography reveals association between LV twist and myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 30:1539-48. [PMID: 25106760 PMCID: PMC4232740 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-014-0509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether left ventricular (LV) twist analysis can detect the extent of myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). This prospective case–control study recruited 81 consecutive patients with HCM examined between January 2012 and April 2013. Data of 76 patients were analyzed after excluding 5 patients whose echocardiographic images were of poor quality. Healthy volunteers (n = 46) served as controls. Both groups underwent comprehensive echocardiographic examination (i.e., Bas-Rotation, AP-Rotation, LVEF, LADs, IVST, LAVi, E/Em, LVMI, advanced LV-twist analysis by speckle tracking echocardiography) and magnetic resonance imaging. Between-group differences were analyzed by independent t test; logistic regression analysis was performed to identify effect factors. No significant differences were found between baseline characteristics of HCM and control groups (all p > 0.05). HCM patients had significantly higher Bas-Rotation, AP-Rotation, LV Twist, LVEF, LADs, IVST, LAVi, E/Em and LVMI than controls (all p < 0.0001) and significantly lower LVDd and E/A (both p < 0.001). Bas-Rotation, AP-Rotation, LV-Twist, LADs, IVST, LAVi, E/Em and LVMI were significantly higher in HCM patients with fibrosis than in those without fibrosis (p < 0.001), but no significant differences in other echocardiographic parameters were found between those with and without fibrosis. Age, Bas-Rotation, AP-Rotation, LV twist, LADs, IVST, LAVi, E/A, E/Em, and LVMI were significant effect factors for fibrosis. AUROC analysis showed that LV twist had high discriminatory power to detect extent of myocardial fibrosis (AUC 0.996, 95 % CI 0.989–1.004, p < 0.001). Left ventricular twist mechanics are associated with the extent of myocardial fibrosis. LV-twist assessment by STE may be clinically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ju Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167, Bei Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
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Lin QW, Wang WG, Wu WC, Wang H. Left atrial minimum volume by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography as an indicator of diastolic dysfunction. Chin Med J (Engl) 2013; 126:4227-4231. [PMID: 24238502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left atrial (LA) maximum volume is becoming a prognostic biomarker for left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. However, we assessed LV diastolic function by measuring LA phasic volumes using real-time threedimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS Sixty-five stable CAD patients with normal LV ejection fraction (LVEF) were divided into three groups according to degree of coronary stenosis: control (n = 15) with <50% stenosis as control group, mildS (n = 25) with mild stenosis (50%-70%) and severeS (n = 25) with >70% stenosis. LA phasic volumes and function were evaluated and compared using RT3DE and two dimensional echocardiography (2DE). N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were examined. The correlations of RT3DE-derived parameters with other conventional indices were analyzed. RESULTS Significant correlations between RT3DE and 2DE for LA volume measurements were: control, r = 0.93; mildS, r = 0.94; severeS, r = 0.90 (all P < 0.05). Patients with severe coronary stenosis presented higher NT-proBNP level, indices of LA minimum volume and volume before atrial contraction, but lower LA total emptying fraction (LAEF) and LAEFpassive. Significant correlations of RT3DE derived LA volume indices with E/E' (r = 0.695) and NF-proBNP (r = 0.630) level were found. CONCLUSIONS RT3DE derived, LA indices correlate well with NT-proBNP level and may be superior to 2DE measurements for the evaluation of LV diastolic dysfunction. Enlargement of LA minimum volume in stable CAD patients without systolic dysfunction appears earlier and may be better correlated with LV diastolic function than that of LA maximum volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong-Wen Lin
- Department of Echocardiography, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
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Yuan J, Yu M, Lin QW, Cao AL, Yu X, Dong JH, Wang JP, Zhang JH, Wang M, Guo HP, Cheng X, Liao YH. Th17 cells contribute to viral replication in coxsackievirus B3-induced acute viral myocarditis. J Immunol 2010; 185:4004-10. [PMID: 20802148 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute viral myocarditis (AVMC) is characterized by virus-triggered myocardial inflammation, and Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is the primary pathogen. We previously proved that Th17 cells, besides having proinflammatory effects, were involved in AVMC by enhancing humoral response. However, the relationship between Th17 cells and CVB3 replication remains unknown. In this experiment, we infected BALB/c mice with CVB3 for establishing AVMC models and then found that, with the increase of viral replication, the expressions of splenic Th17 cells, serum IL-17, and cardiac IL-17 mRNA were elevated significantly, accompanied by the progressive cardiac injuries of AVMC. Furthermore, on day 5, the peak time for viral replication, correlation was positive between cardiac IL-17 mRNA and CVB3 RNA (correlation index = 0.835; p < 0.01). Although the expressions of Th1 and CD8(+) T cells, which could secrete the antiviral cytokine IFN-γ and damage the heart, were also elevated, along with Th17 cells, in AVMC, the neutralization of IL-17 further upregulated the percentages of splenic Th1 and CD8(+) T cells and the levels of cardiac IFN-γ mRNA. The cardiac pathological changes were obviously improved after neutralization, with reduced viral replication followed by decreases in the cardiac inflammatory cytokines IL-17, TNF-α, and IL-1β. These data suggest that Th17 cells contribute to CVB3 replication in AVMC, and that IL-17 might be an important target for regulating the balance of antiviral immunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Yuan J, Cao AL, Yu M, Lin QW, Yu X, Zhang JH, Wang M, Guo HP, Liao YH. Th17 Cells Facilitate the Humoral Immune Response in Patients with Acute Viral Myocarditis. J Clin Immunol 2009; 30:226-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-009-9355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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