Factors associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection among health professionals from university hospitals

to investigate factors associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection among health professionals from university hospitals. a multicenter, mixed approach study with concomitant incorporated strategy, carried out with 559 professionals in the quantitative stage, and 599 in the qualitative stage. Four data collection instruments were used, applied by means of an electronic form. The quantitative analysis was performed with descriptive and inferential statistics and the qualitative data were processed by means of content analysis. the factors associated with the infection were as follows: performance of the RT-PCR test (p<0.001) and units offering care to COVID-19 patients (p=0.028). Having symptoms increased 5.63 times the prevalence of infection and adhering to social distancing most of the time in private life reduced it by 53.9%. The qualitative data evidenced difficulties faced by the professionals: scarcity and low quality of Personal Protective Equipment, work overload, physical distancing at work, inadequate processes and routines and lack of a mass screening and testing policy. the factors associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection among health professionals were mostly related to occupational issues.

STANDARD PRECAUTION ADHERENCE BY NURSING WORKERS: A MIXED METHODS STUDY

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze standard precaution adherence and associated factors of nursing workers at a university hospital. Method: this is a study of mixed methods of convergent parallel strategy, carried out in Southern Brazil. The quantitative stage had 602 participants, using the instrument of sociodemographic and professional variables and the Instrument of Variables Related to Standard Precautions, analyzed using descriptive statistics. In the qualitative stage, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 24 workers, analyzed through content analysis. Results: the data showed an intermediate standard precaution adherence. In the Individual Factors dimension, the Prevention Effectiveness Scale showed high scores and the Risk Personality, Risk Perception and Knowledge about Occupational HIV Transmission scales, intermediate scores. In the dimension Work-related factors, both in the Obstacles to Following Standard Precautions Scale and in the Workload Scale, the scores were intermediate. In the Organizational Factors dimension, low scores were found for Climate of Safety and Training in Prevention of Exposure to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and intermediate for Personal Protective Equipment Availability. Qualitative data showed that workers often select patients who they think are at greatest risk for occupational transmission to use standard precautions. Conclusion: standard precaution adherence does not occur fully among participants. Data integration allowed to conclude that, among the main elements that influence this phenomenon, is the lack of clarity of participants as to the purpose, indication and principles of standard precautions.

Trabalho do enfermeiro em unidade hospitalar: entre o prescrito e o real

Este estudo teve o objetivo de identificar como ocorre o trabalho prescrito e o trabalho real do enfermeiro em unidade de internação clínica cirúrgica. Uma pesquisa qualitativa, tipo estudo de caso, foi realizada com 12 enfermeiros em unidade de internação clínica cirúrgica. Os dados foram coletados por meio de pesquisa documental, observação sistemática e entrevista semiestruturada. Realizou-se análise de conteúdo, sob a perspectiva do referencial da ergologia. Após a análise dos dados, emergiu a categoria “Trabalho do enfermeiro em unidade hospitalar: entre o prescrito e o real”. O trabalho do enfermeiro caracteriza-se por rotinas preestabelecidas e regido por normas e legislações. No entanto, evidencia-se o trabalho real, na medida em que profissional se confronta com dramáticas do uso de si, microgestionando as atividades e efetivando renormalizações. Concluiu-se que o trabalho do enfermeiro é efetivado durante o trabalho real, mas, por vezes, os enfermeiros remetem-se mais a adesão ao trabalho prescrito.

Association between individual, work-related and organizational factors and adherence to standard precautions

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association between individual, work-related and organizational factors with adherence to standard precautions. Method: Cross-sectional study, carried out from January to June 2016 with 602 nursing workers from a university hospital. Ten Likert-type psychometric scales were used, with 57 items, organized in three domains: individual, work-related and organizational factors. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The adherence to the standard precautions obtained a mean intermediate score (4.30 ± 1.03) and a positive correlation with the Risk Personality Scales (r = 0.136, p <0.0001), Prevention Efficacy (r = 0.109 , p <0.0001), Obstacles to follow the precautions (r = 0.394, p <0.0001), PPE availability (r = 0.189 p <0.0001), Safety Climate (r = 0.325, p <0 , 0001) and Training on Prevention of Occupational Exposure (r = + 0.308, p <0.0001). Conclusion: Adherence to standard precautions is associated with individual, work-related, and organizational factors.