Face Mask - Benefits and Risks during the COVID 19 among Outpatients

The public is quickly becoming more aware of the fact that wearing a face mask prevents the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The use of a mask alone is insufficient to provide an effective level of protection against COVID-19; masks should be used as part of a complete strategy of actions to suppress transmission and save lives. Keep yourself safe if COVID-19 is spreading in your neighbourhood by following a few easy safety steps, including as keeping a physical distance, donning a mask, keeping rooms well-ventilated, avoiding crowds, washing your hands, and coughing into a bent elbow or tissue. The research around the general public's usage of masks to prevent COVID-19 transmission is developing quickly. In the course of this narrative review, we create an analytical framework to understand the use of masks, synthesising the pertinent literature to provide information on a number of topics, including population impact, transmission characteristics, source control, wearer protection, sociological considerations, and implementation considerations. COVID-19 is known to spread mostly through respiratory particles, and it can spread from presymptomatic, paucisymptomatic, and asymptomatic people. Limiting connections with sick individuals by physical separation and other precautions, as well as lowering the risk of transmission per encounter, are necessary for preventing the spread of disease. The preponderance of evidence indicates that mask wearing reduces transmissibility per contact by reducing transmission of infected respiratory particles in both laboratory and clinical contexts. When compliance is high, wearing a mask in public helps to stop the infection from spreading. Given these shortages of medical masks, we recommend the adoption of public cloth mask wearing, as an efficient kind of source control, in conjunction with existing hygiene, distancing, and obtained in-tuned with tracing strategies. The aim of this paper is to analyze and critically discuss the regulations, which require protective masks in public to conform to similar regulations already in place in other countries.Self structured questionnaire was prepared and circulated among a sample size of 100 adults and the result was analysed using software IBM SPSS.

In vitro anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties of Andrographis echioides and Andrographis paniculata

Andrographis echioides (L.) is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Acanthaceae. Anti-inflammatory is the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation or swelling. Antioxidants are substances that can prevent or slow damage to cells caused by free radicals, unstable molecules that the body produces as a reaction to environmental and other pressures. They are sometimes called "free-radical scavengers. Therefore, it is of interest to analyse the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Andrographis echioides and Andrographis paniculata. Protease inhibitor activity was done by bovine serum albumin was added to 100µl of plant sample with increase in concentrations (100-500µg/ml). Invitro antioxidant activity was done by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. 200 µL of 0.1 mM DPPH prepared in methanol was added to 100 µL of the plant extract with increase in concentration. Based on the results from the present study, it can be concluded that A.echioides is found to be a good natural antioxidant source and A. paniculata is found to be a good anti-inflammatory source. However, both the plant A.echioides and A.paniculata have these properties. Data shows that both A.echioides and A. paniculata have potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity which could be due to the presence of bioactive compounds present in the plant extracts.

Psychological Status of Online Education among Dental College Students

E-learning has become an essential method and implemented by educational institutions across the world. Physiological change of online education among college students, based on a questionnaire or a Google form. Age among 21 to 25 where more knowledge about online education. Time spent for online classes per day is more than 6 hrs. The effectiveness of online classes varies among age groups. To make awareness about online education. A self structured questionnaire is being prepared and uploaded in Google forms. Increased implementation of technology will increase students' comprehension of content and skill developed. Asynchronous delivery is threaded discussions, e-mail and telephone calls. Education institutions created to deliver knowledge have yet to adopt technology for this purpose. Learning comparison has now been introduced in school. Online education experience is typically asynchronous and also incorporates synchronous elements. Increased implementation of technology will increase students' comprehension of content and skill developed. The study showed that the people who are aged between 21 to 25 are more aware of online education.  The p- value of this study is found to be 0.002, (p<0.05), hence statistically significant. The aim of the study is to rule out the physiological changes of online education among the college students.

Induction of Bax and Activation of Caspases Hydro Ethanoic Leaf Extract of Citrullus colocynthis(L)- Mediated Apoptosis in Human Liver Cancer Cells Hep G2

Introduction: Citrullus colocynthis is a desert plant of the cucurbitaceae family. C. colocynthis grows in many countries with semi dry lands and that seeds are rich in oil which can encourage their sustainable agriculture to produce an economic biodiesel with a competitive price. Apoptosis, also termed as programmed cell death this is a key regulator of tissue homeostasis. Aim of the Study: To study the induction of bax and activation of caspases hydro ethanolic leaf extract of Citrullus colocynthis (L)- mediated apoptosis in human liver cancer cells Hep G2. Materials and Methods: In the present study, a human liver cancer cell line was procured from the National Centre for Cell science (NCCS), Pune, India. The cytotoxic potential of plant extract was analysed by MTG assay. mRNA expression of BaxmRNA and caspase-mRNA were analysed by Real-Time PCR using gene specific primers and a comparative CT method was used to analyse expression of genes. The data were analysed statistically using Graph pad prism software         Version 5. Results:  MTT analysis showed that Citrullus colocynthis a significant increase in proliferation of human liver cancer cells (P<0.05) compared to untreated cells. However, 400 and 500 /g of the extract showed maximum effect in controlling cell growth. Results of the <mRNA expression analysis showed that Citrullus colocynthis reduced the expression of BaxmRNA/ caspase-mRNA in human liver cancer cells at 400 and 500 /g (P<0.05). Discussion: The anticancer effect of Citrullus colocynthis has been via a variety of pathways which includes apoptotic pathway, anti-inflammatory traits, and antioxidant pathway, etc [1]. Effect of HEAM on the mRNA level of tumor related genes (p53, Bcl-2), inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6 and c-jun) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4) cytokines. Representative photographs of ethidium-bromide-stained 2% agarose gels for each gene after 7 months of treatment. Conclusion: The hydroethanolic leaf extract obtained from the Citrullus colocynthis exhibited anti-proliferative effect on human liver cancer cells HepG2 cell line by affecting the expression of the Bax mRNA and Bax mRNA and hindering the cell viability. Hence, it can be a great scope for using the extract into medicinal properties with further studies to improve herbal medicine for cancer over expensive drugs.

The Effect of Different Genres of Music on Blood Pressure among Different Age Groups

Many people listen to music during their day to day activities. Music is a combination of frequency, beat, density, tone, rhythm, repetition, loudness and lyrics. When we listen to fast beat music we get excited and slow beat music makes us to relax.There are different genres of music like rock, hip hop, pop ,classical, country, fazzy and these types of music has effect on blood pressure.The aim of the study is to know whether different types of music has effect on blood pressure or not. For this a cross sectional survey was conducted. This survey consisted of a self structured questionnaire. The sample size used for the study is 101. This standard questionnaire has been prepared and uploaded in google forms and circulated among the population, all the data were collected and the data has been analysed by using chi square analysis using the software IBM SPSS. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of different genres of music on blood pressure among the different age groups.

Impact of COVID and Mental Health on Adolescents

Introduction: The outbreak of coronavirus causes considerable risk to public health and also might cause an impact on adolescents mental health. COVID-19 has brought about a sense of fear and anxiety around the world. During lockdown, mental health of adolescents through online class and work from home makes it more stressful among adolescents. The aim of the study is to explore the pathway among the different variables in order to better understand how these factors play a part in impacting adolescents' mental health conditions. Materials and Methods: The sample size used for the study is 124. Questionnaire based survey is conducted in google forms among adolescents. This standard questionnaire in Google forms is being circulated among the sample study population and at the end of the survey, all the data is been analysed by using chi square analysis. The chi square analysis was done using the software IBM SPSS (Version 23).The data were analysed from the survey and the values were tabulated in the form of pie and bar charts. Results: In this study males feel more stress than females and the p value is 0.814 and it is not significant. During COVID period, study stress is caused more among the males than in females and the p value is 0.514 and it is not significant. Mental health was more affected among the males than in females and the p value is 0.261 and it is not significant.In our study population most of them feel stressful during COVID period. Conclusion: This study creates awareness among the people about the mental health of adolescents affected during lockdown. The containment measures like school and activity centre's closures for long periods together expose the children and youth to effects on educational, developmental, psychological and attainment as they experience loneliness, anxiety and uncertainty. Using the internet and social media will put them at higher risk. The focal point of the healthcare system and policymaking should be prevention, promotion and inter- ventions corresponding to the public mental health system to meet the mental health needs of the population at large by taking the regional contextual parameters into account.

Induction of Bax and Activation of Caspases by Hydro Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Citrullus colocynthis (L)-mediated Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7)

Cancer is the most deadly disease that causes death among the world. It is caused by genome and epigenome abnormalities. Herbal plants are used for treatment of cancer. Citrullus colocynthis is valuable medicinal plants used for treatment of cancer. The plant as antidiabetic, anticancer activity, and antioxidant activity.The aim of the study is to find induction of bax and activation of caspases by hydro ethanolic leaf extract of Citrullus colocynthis (L)-in Human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Materials and methods, Human breast cancer cell was purchased from the national centre for cell sciences. Cell line and cell culture were performed and cell viability was done by MTT assay. Total RNA isolation, cDNA conversion and gene expression analysis by real time PCR. This study clearly indicates that plant extract has a significant role in modulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling in human breast cancer cells which might be due to the presence of cucurbitacin present in Citrullus colocynthis. It is conducted that Citrullus colocynthis extract inhibits the growth of the human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) by regulating the expression of pro apoptotic (Bax) and caspases -3 genes. Hence Citrullus colocynthis may be served as a potential drug for treatment of human breast cancer cells.

Effects of Sleep Deprivation on the Students of Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai

Introduction: Adequate sleep plays a vital role in optimizing, stabilizing, and enhancing memory, cognition, attention, and attention to things, instances, situations that a person may come across on a day-to-day basis. Consequently, a lack of proper sleep can lead to the absence of the information qualities of an individual. Aim: To study the effects of Sleep Deprivation among the students of Saveetha Dental College, Chennai. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire-based survey, which was activated among the students ranging from the first year to the fourth year of dentistry. The survey contains questions concerning the sleep timing of individuals and accessory methods that may or may not be used to battle insomnia in students. Results: The results from the survey shows a majority of the people did not have any previously diagnosed medical ailments (60%), and did not use any pharmacological aids to combat sleep-related issues (36%). A p-value of 0.03 showed statistical significance. Conclusion: The results concluded that sleep deprivation did hamper the overall quality of life and academic performance of individuals. It can be said that sleep is an essential factor to determine the quality of overall life an individual leads.

Comparative Study of Lung Function Test among Ballooning and Pursuing Lip Exercise

Introduction: Lung function tests have been routinely taken for diseased people such as COPD, asthma patients. Exercise and food habits play a vital role in improvement in lung function among these people. Hence, the current study is to assess the lung function parameters among the population performing lip and ballooning exercises. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out among the participants with the age of 18- 25 years from saveetha dental college. 45 healthy volunteers were divided into three groups. Each group consists of 15 individuals. Group 1: Control; Group 2: Ballooning exercise subjects; Group 3: Pursuing lip exercise individuals. RMS Helios spirometer was used to measure lung volumes and capacities like FVC, FEV1, PEFR, PEF 25-75, FEV3. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software, student‘t’ test. P value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered to be as statistically significant. Results: FEV1/FVC is statistically significant among lip exercises (88.61±12.03) but insignificant among ballooning exercises than control individuals (97.61±6.32). FEF25-75 is statistically more significant among pursuing lip exercise (2.65±1.74) than ballooning and control individuals. FVC is statistically more significant among ballooning (1.99±0.27) than pursuing lip exercise and control individuals. Conclusion: It is evident that the subjects performing ballooning exercise have significant increase in lung capacity in comparison with the subjects pursuing lip exercise.Regular exercise produces a positive effect on the lung by increasing the pulmonary capacities.The present study revealed that regular breathing exercise has an important role in determining and improving lung volumes and capacities.

Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil in Plaque Related Gingivitis

Introduction: In all individuals oral health is important. Irrespective of nationality, oral hygiene habits are taught in childhood itself. Tooth cleaning by the mechanical method is the most accepted method in the maintenance of oral hygiene worldwide. Presently to reduce plaque formation chemotherapeutic agents are used. Oil pulling is used for many years for strengthening gums, teeth and to prevent oral malodor and bleeding gums. Coconut oil is consumed as a staple diet. Coconut oil contains 50% of Lauric acid and 92% of saturated acid. The lauric acid contains anti-inflammatory properties. Aim: This study aimed to find out the efficacy of virgin coconut oil in plaque-related gingivitis. Materials and Methods: The sample size used for the study is 108, A self-structured questionnaire has been prepared and uploaded in Google forms. This standard questionnaire in Google forms is being circulated among the sample study population and at the end of the survey, all the data were collected and the data is been analyzed by using Chi-square analysis. The Chi-square analysis was done using the software IBM SPSS Software Version 23. Results: The Chi-square analysis was done and the association between gender and improvement in gingival health after oil pulling in the South Indian population was found to be statistically significant. Chi-square value:11.77 and p-value:0.038, (p<0.05) hence a statistically significant decrease in gingival and plaque was noticed during the study period. Conclusion: In summary, using Virgin coconut oil pulling could be an effective procedure in decreasing plaque-related gingivitis. This preliminary study shows that coconut oil is easily usable, cost-effective, and safe with minimal side effects which are used as an adjuvant in oral hygiene maintenance. Further studies on the antimicrobial potency of coconut oil are required for the use of coconut oil as an effective oral antimicrobial agent.

Assessment of Nutritional Status among Male and Female Undergraduate Students of Saveetha Dental College

A rational way of nourishment, combined with adequate physical activity, are the basic components of maintaining proper body condition. The aim of the study was to evaluate nutritional status among male and female undergraduate students of Saveetha dental college.  A cross sectional survey of different questions, dietary patterns was conducted with a sample of 184 students (I, II, III, IV, and V students). Survey was conducted via google form through random sampling to identify undernutrition in the sample. Questionnaires were based on dietary health patterns and nutritional status in day to day life. The sample size for this study is about 184 participants and at the end of the survey, all the data were collected and analysed by using IBM SPSS software. The results obtained was the majority of the students are at normal weight and the scores met optimal levels. This suggests good quality and quantity of diet.

Anticancer Potential of A. marmelos Fruit Extract in Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines is Mediated through the Regulation of EMT Signalling Molecules

Background and Aim: A.marmelos is commonly called as Bael and is used as a medicinal plant mostly in the Ayurveda. Bael has the property of gastrointestinal effect. Bael phytochemicals are radioprotective, chemoprotective and it has efficacious properties in the treatment of cancer and its preventions. The main aim of this study is to estimate an anticancer activity of Bael in colon cancer cells of human. Materials and Methods: Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), Phosphate-buffered saline(PBS) are used as materials. The cell line used is HT 29. MTT test was used to check cell viability by calorimetric technique. The HT 29 cell was exposed to different mediums. Then the cell viability is calculated. Real time PCR was used to analysis gene expression in which cDNA synthesis was performed in varied sample volume. Melting curves were acquired for all samples. Data is analyzed by comparative CT method. It was analyzed by graph pad prism. Results: The findings showed that the effect of Bael fruit extraction of HT 29 cells shows a significance of P<0.05. One of the parameters is treated with untreated control cells. The other two parameters are 100μg, 200μg. In Vimentin mRNA and E cadherin mRNA expression one is treated with untreated control cells and 100μg. Conclusion: This concludes that the properties of the bael can act as an anticancer potential in human colon cancer cell HT 29 through EMT signalling molecules.

Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness about the Benefits of Indoor Plants: Reduction in Stress Level and Mental Health Satisfaction

Background: Environmental pollution is a serious threat to living beings and global warming. Indoor pollution also comes under environmental pollution. One of the sustainable but underexploited solutions is the indoor plants which are of much significance and importance. The indoor air quality is improved by indoor plants, which benefits humans by improving their physical and mental health. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze and gain knowledge on the awareness people of age 25-35 have on the benefits of indoor plants. Materials and Methods: The self-administered questionnaire was designed based on awareness. The questionnaire was distributed through Google forms linked to 110 numbers of the study population of age between 25 and 35. Methods of representation of each output variable were represented in the pie chart form. The measure that was taken to minimize the sampling bias was that the validity was checked both internally and externally. The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi square test was used to check the association and P value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant. Results: From this study, 83.6% of the participants’ have indoor plants at their homes or workplaces. 82% people felt that indoor plants help to reduce stress levels which was not statistically significant (p: 0.07) and 89% of them felt indoor plants helping to promote healing of injuries faster which was statistically significant (p: 0.02). Conclusion: Indoor plants were beneficial to the majority of the population in different ways. Populations between the age 25 and 35 were aware about indoor plants and awareness camps, social media, seminars and workshops can be conducted among the people to promote knowledge on indoor plants.

In-vitro Antibacterial Activity of Hydroethanolic Leaf, Stem, Root Extract of Acalypha indica - A Comparative Study

Background and Aim: Acalypha indica is a weedy, short lived and monoecious plant. It has an antioxidant effect and it must be implemented to control the disease where free radicals are involved. Acalypha plant is useful for the bronchitis, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis patients. A. indica plant is used in the rejuvenation in the worst conditions which may undergo infections in the microorganisms and it is the chemotherapeutic agent and distributed in the large contributions in human health and well being. The main aim of this study is to assess which part of A. indica has an antibacterial activity. Materials and Methods: Agar well diffusion method was used for assessing the antimicrobial activity of the plant extract. The nutrient broth is inoculated with bacterial strains E. faecalis. The broth was then incubated at 37°C overnight. Antibacterial activity was determined by measurement of the diameter of zones of inhibition (mm). Results: When compared to root, stem and leaves of hydroethanolic extract of A. indica, leaf maximum inhibition against E. faecalis. As the concentration of extract increases from 25 µg/ml to 100 µg/ml, the zone of inhibition also increases. This shows the antimicrobial activity is better at higher concentration. Conclusion: A. indica has effective antimicrobial activity. It reduces the growth of various human pathogenic bacteria. The root, stem and leaf of A. indica possess Antibacterial activity against E. faecalis. leaf extract has significant antibacterial activity.

Awareness of Blood Pressure Changes during Menstrual Cycle

Introduction: Blood pressure is not constant at different days of the month and even throughout the day. Variation in BP during different phases in the menstrual cycle can also be attributed to the effect of the female hormones on cardiovascular systems. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the awareness of blood pressure changes during the menstrual cycle. Aim: To Assess the Awareness of Blood Pressure Changes during Menstrual Cycle. Materials and Methods: The sample size used for the study is 100. A self structured questionnaire was prepared and uploaded on google forms. This standard questionnaire in google forms was circulated. After which all the data was collected and the data was analysed using Chi square analysis. The Chi square analysis was done using SPSS software. Result: We were able to establish a fair awareness about blood pressure changes during the menstrual cycle among our study population. It was statistically significant with p value of 0.037 (P<0.05). Discussion: Variation in BP during different phases of the menstrual cycle can also be attributed to the effect of ovarian hormones on cardiovascular function. Since hormonal changes follow a non-linear trend throughout the menstrual cycle, it may have an unpredictable effect on BP regulation Conclusion: There is a fair amount of awareness about blood pressure changes during menstruation among both women and men but women have more awareness.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practise about Beneficial and Harmful effects of Diet Soda

Background and Aim: Soda or light drinks are sugar free and don't contain calories. Artificial sweeteners such as aspartame drastically affect our health by causing various diseases like stroke etc. The main aim of this study is to determine the level of knowledge possessed about diet soda and their attitude towards it. Materials and Methods: A Cross sectional survey was conducted among dental populations with a sample size of 102. A self administered, structured questionnaire was prepared based on knowledge, attitude and practice about diet soda and consisted of 10 questions. It was circulated to the participants through Google forms. The statistics were done using SPSS software, a chi-square test was used to check the association and the ‘p’ value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant. Results: From this survey it was inferred that 81.37% people find diet soda unhealthy whereas 18.63% felt it isn't healthy. 56.86% felt it contained calories but 43.14% felt it didn't. Around 61.76% think that artificial sweeteners will lead to more headaches whereas 38.24% felt it won't cause headaches. Conclusion: This study revealed that many people have little knowledge and are unaware of the consequences of diet soda. Therefore this study may help to gain wide knowledge about diet soda and also help them to change their attitude towards it.

Effect of Stress on Mental Health

Introduction: Stress can come from any event that makes an individual feel anxious, frustrated, depressed due to the inability to cope with the situation. Stress is caused due to various stressors stimulating responses in the individual's body. The stressors usually increase the potential of the individual to face a stressful situation and overcome it however if the stressors are constantly triggered they can cause physiological damage to the individual. Physiological impact includes high blood pressure, rapid breathing, aches and pains, in severe cases it can also lead to stroke. Stressors can also impact an individual emotionally and mentally by causing insomnia, depression and anxiety. Mental health is the state of the overall well-being of an individual which helps them to overcome anxiety and stressful situations and thereby increases the productivity of the individuals in order to contribute to the society. It is important to maintain good mental health in order to keep the individual healthy. Aim: The study has been conducted to assess the overall mental health of the study population and thereby suggest ways in which we can deal with stress. Stress and anxiety can be managed by practising yoga, meditation, discussing problems with a counsellor or spending time with family and loved ones. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the population with a sample size of 100. A self administered structured questionnaire was prepared based on the effect of stress on mental health. It was circulated to participants through an online platform (google form). The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi-square test effect of stress on mental health  was used to check the association and P value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant. The pros of the survey is that individuals of different lifestyles and cultures were surveyed. This study was conducted among individuals of the age group 14-46 years. Simple random sampling method was the sampling method used to minimise the sampling bias. Results: The p value obtained from statistical data analysis was 0.02 which is statistically significant. The results revealed that most of the individuals of the study population had experienced stress in their life and some of them were already aware about the ways in which they could overcome stress. This study provided alternate ways to overcome stress and anxiety for individuals experiencing stress in their day to day lives.

Attitude and Views towards Mental Health among Dental Students

Introduction: Stress can be a feeling of emotional or physical tension. It can come from any event or thought that can make us feel frustrated, angry, or nervous. Stress is your body's reaction to a challenge or demands. Aim: The aim of the study is to assess attitude and views towards mental health and psychiatry among dental students. Materials and Methods: Study Setting is prospective observational study.The advantages of this study was economical, easy to create, wide reach, and gathering larger data Quick Interpretation . It was approved by the scientific review Board Saveetha Dental college Chennai .Number of participants involved in this study are 138 college students .The responses from the google sheet were transferred into excel. Inferential statistics was done using Chi square test and exported to SPSS software, version 25 Results: From the survey conducted among dental students on mental health and psychiatry.Majority of dental students were female participants compared male participants.Interpretation was based on a p value less than 0.05, which was considered to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The findings of the present study proves that the majority of dental students have awareness of attitudes and views of mental health .Among dental students, females are the major participants compared to males. In order to develop psychiatric and mental health services, public acceptance is necessary.

Estimation of Lung Function Test among Healthy and Blow out Whistle Beginners

Introduction: Pulmonary function test is a non-invasive test. It is measured by the spirometer and it gives an idea about the lung volume, lung capacities, rates of flow and gas exchange. Breathing exercise can increase lung function. The commonly performed breathing exercises are blowing bubbles, blow out whistle, pinwheels, Hoberman spheres etc. The aim of this study is to estimate lung function among healthy and blow out whistle beginners. Materials and methods: 60 Dental students consisting of 2 groups were involved in this study. Group 1: Control individuals (30). Group 2 individuals: blow out whistle beginners (30). Standardised RMS Helios spirometer was used. Age of 18-22, Healthy individuals and non-smokers were included in this study and smokers, alcoholic individuals, respiratory disorder individuals and post- COVID individuals were excluded from the study. Data was collected and analysed using paired ‘t’ tests. Significance is considered at P<0.05 level. Results: In this study FVC, FEV1, FEV3 were found to be significant and FEV1/FVC, FEF 25-75, PEFR were found to be insignificant. The post test values of FVC and FEV1 are comparatively higher than the pre test values. The pre test values of FEF 25-75 and  FEV3 are comparatively higher than the post test values. Conclusion: When this blow out exercise is performed there was a significant difference between healthy individuals and blow out whistle beginners. Significant increase in lung function is found. This recreational activity increases lung function which can be a preventive for many pulmonary diseases.

Anti-Proliferative Effect of Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Citrullus colocynthis (L) on Retinoblastoma Cell Line

Introduction: Citrullus colocynthis has many pharmacological, biological, and therapeutic properties making it a very important medicinal plant. The cucurbitacin produced/derived from the plant play an important role in anticancer activities. The retinoblastoma Y-79 cell lines are studied in attachment culture. A proper study of these cells can pave the way for control of its proliferative property. Cell viability was assayed using a modified colorimetric technique that is based on the ability of the live cells to convert MTT, a tetrazolium compound into purple formazan crystals. There was an effect on the proliferation and gene expressions of the retinoblastoma Y-79 cell line. Bioactive extracts of these plants are being majorly used as a potential chemopreventive element as an alternative approach for cancer progression management. Materials and Methods: Human retinoblastoma cell line (Y-79)cell line was purchased from the National Centre for Cell Sciences (NCCS), Pune, India. Cell viability was assayed using a modified colorimetric technique that is based on the ability of live cells to convert MTT. Results: The experimental study showed antiproliferative effects against the retinoblastoma Y-79 cells. The experimental study showed the effect on cell viability, Bcl2 mRNA expression and BclxL mRNA expression in Y-79 cells. Conclusion: The hydroethanolic leaf extract obtained from the Citrullus colocynthis exhibited an antiproliferative effect on the retinoblastoma Y-79 cell line by affecting the expression of the Bcl2 mRNA and BclxL mRNA and hindering the cell viability.

Study on the Anti-cancer Potential of Aegle marmelos Fruit Extract Pro and Anti Apoptotic Molecule in Human Melanoma Cell Line-A375

Aegle marmelos is also known as bael which is commonly found in south East Asia and Indian-sub continent. The origin of bael is India. Bael is also known as the golden apple, Bengal-quince in India. In the ancient medical system, Aegle marmelos play an important role and its extract is also useful in inflammation, diabetes, cancer and asthma. The leaves are used for anti-inflammatory, nervous disorder, control blood sugar and fruit is used to treat antiviral, anti-diabetics, and brain and heart tonic. In addition, studies have proved that bael is used for the treatment and prevention of cancer. The main aim of this study is to assess the anti-cancer potential of Aegle marmelos fruit extract pro and anti apoptotic molecules in human melanoma cell line-A375. In the present study, Human Melanoma A375 cells will be produced, grown and will be passed in different culture flasks, then RNA isolation was done and by reverse transcriptase process, RNA gets converted into cDNA. This cDNA will be used for the amplification of growth factor beta using gene specific primers by commercially available real time PCR kit.  The anticancer potential effect was found in 400µg/ml, as the concentration increases, the cell viability is decreased. The current study explains the potential application of bael in pharmacological and medicinal uses in near future.

Estimation of Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate, Waist Circumference, BMI and BMR among PCOS Individuals

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder which will affect the female’s reproductive health, there are many risk factors found in the PCOS individuals such as irregular menstrual cycle, infertility, obesity, excess hair growth, hyperandrogenemia. The aim of the study is to estimate the blood pressure and pulse rate among PCOS individuals and to compare it with the normal subjects. Materials and Methods: A group of 20 PCOS individuals and 20 normal individuals have been chosen from Saveetha dental college with age of 18-25 years whose blood pressure, pulse rate, waist circumference, BMI, BMR are measured, the blood pressure and pulse rate were measured with a automatic blood pressure monitoring machine and the waist circumference was measured with a inch tape from last rib and the iliac crest at its small parameter. The simple random sampling method is used to minimize the sampling bias. Data was collected and analyzed by an independent sample‘t’ test. Results: When comparing with control healthy individuals, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) of PCOS individuals seem to be higher than the control subjects. The diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is also slightly higher for PCOS individuals. The pulse rate of normal individuals is higher than the PCOS individuals. The diastolic blood pressure had a significant value of about 0.002 which is less than 0.05 so it is significant Conclusion: From this study it is evident that when PCOS is seen in women it not only affects the gynecological sphere it also affects the cardiovascular activity which may even have fatal outcomes. So it is mandatory for the PCOS subjects to have a proper diet, proper sleep, physical activity, and very importantly to have a stress free life.

A Comparative Study of Anti-inflammatory Activity of Tecoma stans, Acalypha indica and Abutilon indicum Plant Leaf Extract

Introduction: Inflammation is said to be the response of the body to an injury. It is a body defence reaction to reduce or eliminate the spread of injurious agents. It is essential that steps should be taken to introduce new medicinal plants and to develop cheaper, effective and safe analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. The main aim of this study is to assess the potential anti-inflammatory activity of Tecoma stans, Acalypha indica and Abutilon indicum plant is being studied. Materials and Methods: Protease inhibition assay was done by Bovine serum albumin was added to plant samples with increase in concentrations as per the standard methods. In this study, Aspirin was used as a standard anti-inflammatory drug.The data were analyzed statistically by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test to see the statistical significance among the groups. The results with p<0.05 level were considered to be statistically significant. Results: In this study, it was observed that the plant leaf extract of Tecoma stans, Acalypha indica and Abutilon indicus contain anti-inflammatory activity. The protein denaturation inhibitory activity of leaf extract of Tecoma stans, Acalypha indica and Abutilon indicum, plant extract was represented graphically. Tecoma stans, was observed to contain the anti inflammatory activity. Conclusion: This study revealed that Tecoma stans, Acalypha indica and Abutilon indicum are important medicinal plants with diverse pharmacological spectrum and contain anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, this research has been taken to collect and compile the pharmacological uses of these plant extracts which will be useful to the society to venture into a field of alternative systems of medicine.

Estimation of Blood Pressure on Postprandial Breakfast, Meal and Dinner among Vegetarians

Background: Blood pressure is the pressure of the blood within the arteries. Based on the circadian rhythm the BP can change. DBP can change according to age. Processed foods, canned soups, snack foods, and condiments may increase BP. The main aim of this study is to estimate the difference in postprandial BP responses during breakfast, lunch and dinner. Materials and Methods: A total of 26 healthy volunteers were randomly selected, men and women aged 17-20 for the study. Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, Heart rate were measured with ambulatory Blood Pressure devices every 10 min before until 90 min after each meal. The measurements were taken to identify the difference in postprandial Blood pressure responses between breakfast, lunch and dinner. Before starting the study, informed consent was taken. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software, independent sample T test. Results: In the present study, there was a mild increase observed before and after breakfast, lunch and dinner. There is a difference in BP before and postprandial during breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the present study, there was a mild increase observed before and after breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the morning the body releases hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline. These hormones boost energy which raises the BP. So there is decrease in BP before and postprandial during breakfast Conclusion: From this study only a significant difference was observed in SBP, DBP, HR of dinner. There was no significant change seen in breakfast.

Estimation of Breath Holding Time (BHT) among Dental Students

Background: Breath holding time is the time taken by an individual to hold his/her breath as long as they can. During voluntary breath holding, tissues continue to utilize oxygen and liberate carbon dioxide. Therefore, during breath holding arterial pO2 falls and pCO2 rises. Normal Breath holding time (BHT) is 45-55 seconds which is estimated at 2014. The main aim of this study is to assess the breath holding time among healthy dental students. Materials and Methods: A minimal number of sample sizes have been taken into account with regards to their BMI. The sample size was divided into two groups as gender comparison. Students were detail explained about the procedure and breath holding time has been measured. The statistical analysis was done by ANOVA test in SPSS Software-23 and an independent t-test was calculated. Results: BHT was found to be significantly low among females compared to males. A statistically significant negative correlation was observed when BHT is correlated with gender because BHT differs in both the gender. Conclusion: The present study revealed that breath holding time is less in females compared to males. Therefore, males are healthier than females.

Knowledge and Awareness about Postpartum Distress among the Students of Saveetha Dental College

Introduction: Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common psychiatric condition after childbirth. PD has adverse long-term consequences for the mother, the infant’s development and the family environment symptoms-the core symptom of sadness or low mood, as well as fatigue/sleep disturbance and irritability. The aim of the study is to determine the Knowledge and awareness about postpartum distress among the students of saveetha dental college. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the study population with a sample size of 100. A self administered structured questionnaire was prepared and consisted of 15 questions. It was circulated to participants through an online platform (google form). The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi-square test was used to check the association and P value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant.The pros of the survey is that the students of different lifestyles and cultures were surveyed . Children and adults were excluded from the survey.  Simple random sampling method was the sampling method used to minimise the sampling bias. Results: Women during postpartum go through a lot of hormonal changes which lead to mood swings etc.They become very self conscious about their body .Mothers can also be depressed due to financial trouble, lactation etc.  Chi square test: p-value=2.98>  0.05 hence significant. Conclusion: In summary, this study demonstrated an honest level of data and positive attitudes towards women with postpartum depression. However, negative beliefs, stigma, and misconceptions still prevailed among the relations.

Effect of Box Breathing Technique on Lung Function Test

Background: Box breathing exercise is a technique of slow breathing rhythm also known as square breathing used universally. It increases the performance and concentration level, it also acts as a powerful stress relief. It is tested with a spirometer for the lung function test that measures the airflow of the upper and lower respiratory tract. This method builds up carbon dioxide in blood which calms down and regulates the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System), which enhances the cardio- inhibitory response of the vagus nerve that improves the mood. The main aim of the study was to analyze the effect of box breathing technique on lung function Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out among the participants at the age of 18-25 years from Saveetha Dental College. A total of 30 participants were included in this study (15 males, 15 females). The experimental training procedures consisted of 2 sessions of box breathing day and night for a period of 30 days. Participants were informed of the procedures of the box breathing technique. RMS Helios spirometer was used to measure lung volumes and capacities. Statistics analysis was done using SPSS software, paired t test. P value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant statistically. Results: There was a significant increase among the participants FVC (Forced Vital Capacity), FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume), FIVC (Forced Inspiratory Vital Capacity) parameters after 2 sessions on each day of box breathing technique for a period of 30 days. Other parameters increased to 10% but not significantly. Conclusion: The present study illustrates the potential for box breathing practice to improve lung performance and reduce stress in healthy individuals. Despite the significant difference in FVC, FEV, FIVC levels supporting improved lung function, further investigation is needed to delineate mechanisms that underlie these benefits

Digital Teaching Methodology among the Dental Students a Questionnaire Based Survey

Background: The implementation of digital technologies in dental curricula has started globally and reached varying levels of penetration counting on local resources and demands. One of the biggest challenges in digital education is the need to continuously adapt and adjust to the developments in technology and apply these to dental practice in communicating with dental professionals, medical doctors, dental technicians, and insurance providers, dental students need to be prepared to manage digitized data, ensure patient safety, and understand the advantages and limitations of conventional and digital processes. Aim: To create awareness about digital teaching methodology among the dental students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the adolescent population with a sample size of 120. A self administered structured questionnaire was prepared based on digital teaching methodology and consisted of 13 questions. It was circulated to participants through an online platform (google form). The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi-square test was used to check the association and P value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant.The pros of the survey is that the adolescents of different lifestyles and cultures were surveyed. Children and adults were excluded from the survey. Simple random sampling method was the sampling method used to minimise the sampling bias. Results: The results showed that the dental students are aware about the digital teaching methodology. Conclusion: The people are aware of the digital teaching methodology. But more awareness needs to be spread so that digital handling can be improvised in the near future.

A Comparative Study on Anti-inflammatory Activity of Hydroethanolic of Leaf, Stem and Root Extracts of Tecoma stans

Background: Tecoma stans is an important medicinal plant. The major bioactive compounds like alkaloids, phenols, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids and saponins had been isolated from this plant. The leaves bark and roots contain biologically active chemicals, and extracts from those tissues are in use as traditional folk medicines. Inflammation is a biological response of the immune system that can be triggered by a variety of factors, including pathogens, damaged cells and toxic compounds. The aim of the study was to analyze the anti-inflammatory activity of hydroethanolic leaf, stem and root extracts of Tecoma stans. Materials and methods: All chemicals and reagents were bought by sigma Chemicals Company. Anti inflammatory activity of the three different parts (leaf, stem and root) the plant were analysed by an in-vitro protein denaturation inhibition assays and inhibition calculation on protein inhibition percentage was done by the formula % inhibition=100−(A1 -A2)/A0 )*100). Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. Results: After comparing the anti-inflammatory activity of the leaf root stem of Tecoma stans, the results were plotted in graphs through statistical analysis using ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that the stem of the plant has maximum anti-inflammatory activity compared to leaf and root. Conclusion: A comparative study of the extract or stem, leaf and root shows that the stem portion of the plant contains maximum anti-inflammatory activity.

Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness about Eating, Sleeping, Weight, Diet and Other Lifestyle Changes during COVID Pandemic

Background and Aim: COVID pandemic lockdown has been constantly associated with psychological changes which have resulted in an increase in stress level and other diseases. So the main aim of this study is to create knowledge about the lifestyle, sleeping and other changes happening during pandemic situations. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among the dental population with a sample size of 100 to 150. The survey was done in an online questionnaire pattern through Google forms and circulated. The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi square test was used to check the association and P value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant. Results: 36.63% responded to intake of vegetables as slight increases and 36.63% responded to significant increase of fruits and vegetables. There were many positive as well as negative changes were observed like increase in screen time and low physical activity were considered to be negative and positive changes like decrease in smoking and drinking alcohol. COVID-19 marginally improved the eating behavior, yet one-third of participants gained weight as physical activity declined significantly coupled with an increase in screen and sitting time. Mental health was also adversely affected. Intake of a balanced diet was significantly increased in females than males. Nearly 42% of them significantly increased their sleeping hours. Conclusion: The increase of COVID virus all over the world at a faster rate may distract people from attention over lifestyle, physical and mental health. The mental issues may result in severe consequences. People must be aware that a healthy lifestyle change may cause severe health issues. A detailed understanding of these factors can help to develop interventions to mitigate the negative lifestyle behaviors that have manifested during COVID-19.

Regulation of Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 1 and Caspase -3 mRNA Expression by Hydroethanolic Extract of Aegle marmelos Fruit Human Breast Cancer Cell Line-MCF-7

Introduction: Cancer is the second leading cause of death all over the world where among all types of cancer breast cancer is said to be the leading cancer followed by lung cancer. The aim of this study is to find the regulation of chloride intracellular channel protein 1 and caspase -3 mRNA expression by hydroethanolic extract of Aegle marmelos fruit human breast cancer cell line-MCF-7. Materials and methods: MCF-7 cells were collected from NCCS Pune, India. It is stored in Dubecos Modified Eagle's Medium. The Aegle marmelos fruit was collected from the herbal department and its extract was prepared. The extract of Aegle marmelosis used in treating MCF-7 cells at different dosages in in vitro.  Isolation of total RNA from MCF-7 cells. The cells will be mixed with total RNA isolation reagent, sonicated and RNA will be isolated as per the standard method. c-DNA conversion and real time polymerase chain reaction. The c-DNA will be synthesized using reverse transcription by commercially available (RT-PCR) kit. Two microlitres of c-DNA will be used for amplification of clic-1 and caspase-3 using gene specific primers by commercially available RT-PCR kit (SyBr kit) and comparative CT method will be used to see the expression of genes. Untreated MCF-7 cells were compared with MCF-7 cells treated with various concentrations of the extract (10, 20 and 40ug). The statistical data’s were collected from the SPSS software version 21. Result: The given extract inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 cells therefore said to have antiproliferative activity. Different doses of extract were tested (200ug-500ug) out of which 400ug of extract were preferred. Conclusion: The given plant extract has anti proliferative properties and hence can be used as a drug to treat breast cancer.

A Comparative Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicum Leaves: An In vitro Study

Tecoma stans is a flowering plant belonging to the family Bignoniaceae. It is the floral emblem of the Bahamas. Abutilon indicum belongs to the family Malvaceae. It is also called Indian Mallow. Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicumhave antimicrobial activity and can be used in producing antibiotics. There is an urgent need to produce new antibiotics as there is an increase in the development of pathogen resistant drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Tecoma stansand Abutilonindicum leaves. E.faecalis bacteria were maintained in nutrient agar slopes. The powder of the two herbs, were subjected to extraction by Soxhlet extractor and was concentrated to dry residue by Agar well diffusion method. The nutrient broth was inoculated with bacterial strains. The culture was adjusted to 0.5McFarland turbidity standard. Lawn culture was done in Muller-Hinton agar plate and then the plates were dried. A 6 mm diameter well is bored for different concentrations. The extracts were introduced into the well and allowed to stand for 24 hrs. The antibacterial activity was determined by measuring the zone of inhibition. The present finding on the antimicrobial potential of Abutilon indicum and Tecoma stands showed that the two plants have growth inhibitory activity against oral pathogen E. faecalis. Abutilon indicum has a zone of inhibition greater than Tecoma stans. Abutilon indicum exhibited better activity compared to Tecoma stans.

A Comparative Study to assess the Stress Buster among Working and Non-Working Women

Introduction: Stress is the body’s response to the daily events that occur in one’s life. Everyone experiences stress. Stress can be positive and motivate women to achieve notable goals. But stress can also be negative and destructive, taking its toll in many life areas. When stress becomes chronic or excessive, it becomes harder to adapt and cope. Chronic stress builds up so that stress seems like a normal way of life for some women. Women have undergone various different stresses, which vary from person to person. The objective of this study is to assess stress buster among working and non-working women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey study carried out among working and non-working women. The total sample size was 103. A self administered questionnaire was used for the survey and was distributed through an online platform. Data was collected and analysed by Pearson and chi-squares test and p-value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant. Result: When compared to non working women, working women stress level was higher and they search for stress busters. Majority of the women population feel stressed, irritable, grouchy and anxious. Majority of the population also prefer listening to songs and also prefer to sing to overcome their stress. Conclusion: Both working and non-working women are equally stressed, while non-working women tend to overreact to situations. Majority of the women population prefer listening to songs to overcome stress.

Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness on Effect of Air Pollution on Children among Parents

Introduction: The World Health Organisation [WHO] recommended that breathing clean air reduces the risk of diseases such as Asthma and Lung cancer. Inhaling low quality of air causes several health problems such as headaches, nausea and tiredness. The main aim of this study is to create awareness among parents about the effect of air pollution on children. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional survey study. The standard questionnaire was prepared and distributed as Google forms to nearly 100-120 parents. The population was randomly selected. A self-administered structured questionnaire was prepared based on Knowledge attitude and awareness on effects of air pollution on children among parents. It was circulated to participants through an online platform (google forms). The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi square test was used to check the association and P value of 0.05% was said to be statistically significant. Results: 78.53% of the populations were aware that air pollution affects cognitive ability. 50.98% of the population responded that exposure of polluted air to pregnant female’s cause’s premature birth. 45.28% of females were aware that air pollution affects neutron development in the brain. As a result of this study most of the parents were aware about air pollution and its effects on their children. Conclusion: In this study females were slightly more aware about air pollution than males. If this awareness persists among all the people in the society many harmful effects such as air pollution and other related problems can be solved.

Estimation of Tactile Sensation by Two Point Discrimination among 18 Years Old People

Two point discrimination (TPD) is used to distinguish the two point discriminative sense. TPD is most commonly used as neurosensory tests in clinical settings. In tactile sensation, the sensory receptors from the skin reach the somatosensory system and stimulate mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, pain receptors, and proprioceptors to give the response to the respective stimuli. The present study was aim to assess the value of tactiles sensation by two point discrimination test among 18 years people. 18 years old people among the normal population were selected, consisting of 17 males and 33 females. 6 sensory areas were selected for the test. Test performed on six regions of the body like fingertips, fingers, palm, forehead, forearm, back of palm. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed by independent t test. The ability to distinguish the two point discrimination was estimated in millimeters by using a simple hand operated device. The main findings of the study are that females were more sensitive than males in TPD perception.TPD perception was more among 18 years old. The TPD values are more in females when compared to males. The normative values of two point discrimination among 18 years people were established. This study concluded that fingertips in females were more sensitive than other parts of the body.

Knowledge and Awareness about the Connection between Lifestyle and Dementia among Adolescents

Background and Aim: Dementia is a group of symptoms characterized by memory loss, judgemental loss, forgetfulness. Dementia cannot be cured; but can be prevented. There are seven stages of Dementia, no cognitive decline being the first stage to very severe cognitive decline being the seventh stage. Healthy lifestyle is important for lower risk of Dementia. Smoking, consumption of alcohol, negative thinking, depression, stress, anxiety, lack of sleep, unhealthy diet causes Dementia. Diet plays a very important role in prevention of dementia; foods such as red meat, sugar, fatty foods can increase the risk of dementia whereas foods rich in fibres, fruits can reduce the risk of Dementia. The main aim of this study is to assess the knowledge about lifestyle and dementia. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional survey. 121 adolescents of Saveetha Dental College, Chennai participated in the survey which was conducted through Google forms in February 2021. The questionnaire consisted of 19 questions. The data was analyzed with the help of SPSS software and chi-square test was done for the correlation between gender and awareness. Chi-square test was done for the correlation of gender with awareness among the population. ‘p-value’ was calculated and value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Out of that 62 were females and 59 were males. Females were more aware about healthy lifestyles and its connection with dementia than males. 92.56% of people were aware that physical activity promotes a healthy brain. 69.2% agreed that depression can increase risk of Dementia. Majority of them agreed that physical exercise can promote a healthy brain. Conclusion: This study revealed that lifestyle is highly associated with dementia among adolescents. Healthy lifestyle leads to lower risk of dementia even if there’s high genetic risk. Females were aware about the diet which is healthy for lower risk of dementia and more smoking affects the memory. However, most of the people were neutral about the relation between BMI and Dementia.

Dentistry as a prospective career choice in India

Career choice is a complex decision in a student's life. The opportunity to participate in dental education in many countries, especially in the developing ones, is limited to a small percentage of the community. There is a wide range of options for students to choose as a career in general family, gender, personal interest; outcome expectancies can affect the decision in choosing it. Many studies showed that many individuals find themselves in occupations not really knowing why they made that particular decision. The changing nature of the dental workforce and the need to retain the services of future members has made it important to understand why current dental students have chosen dentistry as their career. However, the choice of dentistry becomes forceful at times by peer pressure, cultural thrust or inability to procure medicine. It is of interest to evaluate dentistry as a prospective career choice in India. The participants answered a questionnaire based online survey and the results were collected and analysed statistically. Analyses of data from the survey shows that majority (36.72%) of students had chosen dentistry as a career choice having missed entry or selection into medicine.

Effect of Peppermint Oil among Sleep Apnea Individuals

Sleep disturbance or disruption is common among patients within the age limit 25-45. They often feel tired during the day time. During wakefulness which also causes sleep problems. Sleep disturbance associated with the sense of well-being, health, emotion regulation, and productivity, memory and cognitive functions. The main aim of this study is to prove the impact of peppermint oil on sleep apnea. The sample size of this study was 25 individuals and they were selected randomly. The peppermint oil is taken in a few amounts and massaged in the forehead while before sleeping. They were instructed to apply 2-3drops of oil on their forehead or spray on the pillow before going to bed. This has to be followed for 30 days. The sleeping hours and sleeping disturbances were recorded before and after using oil inhalation. Before the use of peppermint oil the sleeping hours was an average of 6.4±0.82 and after the use of peppermint oil the sleeping hours increased to an average of 7.1±1.03. Before the use of peppermint oil Sleep disturbances were of average 3.3±1.02 and after the use of peppermint oil the sleeping disturbances have been decreased to an average of 2.1±0.92. Data was collected and analysed using statistics. Peppermint oil has an effect on sleep apnea and it helps to overcome. From this study, it can be seen that a positive perception has been obtained towards the population.

Knowledge and Awareness about the Relation between Obesity and Academic Performance

Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health. It may even affect mental health also. Obesity also plays a role in academics; it may be disadvantageous to some of the students. Previous studies have found that obesity could influence academic performance. So this study concerned preparing questions and circulating among the students (school and college). The aim of this study is to determine the awareness level of association between obesity and academic performance. The purpose of the study was clearly explained to the students. A total of 100 responses were received. All the responses were taken into consideration and the statistical analysis paired t test was made using SPSS software for the representation of pie charts and bar graphs (association graphs). According to the results, 67% students answered that the rough weight of the topper of their class would be 45-65 kgs, 25% of them said that it would be 65-80 kgs and the rest 8% said that it would be 80-90 kgs. 37% of students responded that obesity is disadvantageous towards academics, another 63% disagree with it. Most of the students of this survey responded that obesity does not cause any adverse effects on academics. But the care should be taken by the obese students towards their health and academics.

Awareness of Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on Blood Sugar Levels - A Survey

Introduction: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is a spice utilized in Ayurveda, the conventional medication of India. Its root has a horsey smell (in Sanskrit, ashva signifies "horse" and gandha signifies "smell") and is said to present the quality and virility of a pony. Different pieces of the   plant are utilized, yet the most well-known in supplements is a concentrate of its underlying foundations. Aim: aim of this study is to compare and assess the awareness among people on the effects of ashwagandha on blood sugar levels. Materials and Methods: A well structured questionnaire containing 10 questions was circulated among Indian population. The questionnaire has covered basic demographic data such as age, gender, weight, blood pressure and about the awareness of effects of ashwagandha on blood sugar levels. Conclusion: From the above outcomes, it might be presumed that the Withania somnifera root extract can reduce blood sugar levels. It's mindfulness among individuals must be expanded.

Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness towards Benefits of Lavender Oil

Lavender essential oil is one of the famous essential oils which is used in aromatherapy. Lavender oil is known to relieve psychological problems and also helps in treating fungal infections, allergies, insomnia, etc. Lavender oil possesses certain properties like antibacterial, antifungal and antidepressant. Lavender oil is found to be useful in the treatment of acute as well as chronic pain. Thus the aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and awareness about the benefits of the lavender oil among people. A questionnaire comprising 10 questions was posted on an online survey platform. The data collection was done through Google forms and the statistical software used for the analysis included the SPSS software. Descriptive analysis was used. In this study, 69% of the people were aware that lavender oil helps in reducing anxiety and 78% of them believed that lavender oil is good for skin. From this survey, it is evident that the majority of them were aware about uses and medicinal benefits of lavender oil. The present study assessed the knowledge and awareness about the benefits of lavender oil among people, by using a survey on one hundred persons. This survey may help the people to use lavender oil in day to day life and thereby they can improve their mental health and relax themselves.