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Genome sequencing and molecular networking analysis of the wild fungus Anthostomella pinea reveal its ability to produce a diverse range of secondary metabolites. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2024; 11:1. [PMID: 38172933 PMCID: PMC10763133 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-023-00170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filamentous fungi are prolific producers of bioactive molecules and enzymes with important applications in industry. Yet, the vast majority of fungal species remain undiscovered or uncharacterized. Here we focus our attention to a wild fungal isolate that we identified as Anthostomella pinea. The fungus belongs to a complex polyphyletic genus in the family of Xylariaceae, which is known to comprise endophytic and pathogenic fungi that produce a plethora of interesting secondary metabolites. Despite that, Anthostomella is largely understudied and only two species have been fully sequenced and characterized at a genomic level. RESULTS In this work, we used long-read sequencing to obtain the complete 53.7 Mb genome sequence including the full mitochondrial DNA. We performed extensive structural and functional annotation of coding sequences, including genes encoding enzymes with potential applications in biotechnology. Among others, we found that the genome of A. pinea encodes 91 biosynthetic gene clusters, more than 600 CAZymes, and 164 P450s. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomics and molecular networking analysis of the cultivation extracts revealed a rich secondary metabolism, and in particular an abundance of sesquiterpenoids and sesquiterpene lactones. We also identified the polyketide antibiotic xanthoepocin, to which we attribute the anti-Gram-positive effect of the extracts that we observed in antibacterial plate assays. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results provide a first glimpse into the potential of Anthstomella pinea to provide new bioactive molecules and biocatalysts and will facilitate future research into these valuable metabolites.
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Major adverse cardiac events and cardiovascular toxicity with PARP inhibitors-based therapy for solid tumors: a systematic review and safety meta-analysis. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101154. [PMID: 36893518 PMCID: PMC10163166 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) provided significant antitumor activity in various tumors, mainly carrying deleterious mutations of BRCA1/BRCA2 genes. Only few data are available regarding the cardiac and vascular safety profile of this drug class. We carried out a meta-analysis for assessing the incidence and relative risk (RR) of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), hypertension, and thromboembolic events in patients with solid tumors treated with PARPi-based therapy. METHODS Prospective studies were identified by searching the Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ASCO Meeting abstracts. Data extraction was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Combined odds ratios (ORs), RRs, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects methods, depending on studies heterogeneity. RevMan software for meta-analysis (v.5.2.3) was used to carry out statistical analyses. RESULTS Thirty-two studies were selected for the final analysis. The incidence of PARPi-related MACEs of any and high grade was 5.0% and 0.9%, respectively, compared with 3.6% and 0.9% in the control arms, corresponding to a significant increased risk of MACEs of any grade (Peto OR 1.62; P = 0.0009) but not of high grade (P = 0.49). The incidence of hypertension of any grade and high grade was 17.5% and 6.0% with PARPi, respectively, compared with 12.6% and 4.4% in the controls. Treatment with PARPi significantly increased the risk of hypertension of any grade (random-effects, RR = 1.53; P = 0.03) but not of high grade (random-effects, RR = 1.47; P = 0.09) compared with controls. Finally, PARPi-based therapies significantly increased the risk of thromboembolic events of any grade (Peto OR = 1.49, P = 0.004) and not of high grade (Peto OR = 1.31; P = 0.13) compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS PARPi-based therapy is associated with a significantly increased risk of MACEs, hypertension, and thromboembolic events of any grade compared with controls. The lack of a significant increased risk of high-grade events together with the absolute low incidence of these adverse events led not to consider routine cardiovascular monitoring as recommended in asymptomatic patients.
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1592P Cardiovascular toxicity in patients treated with a PARP inhibitor for solid tumors: A meta-analysis. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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First line avelumab in PD-L1+ve metastatic or locally advanced Urothelial Cancer (aUC) patients unfit for cisplatin: The ARIES trial. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictive and prognostic biomarker in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with cabazitaxel versus abiraterone or enzalutamide in the CARD study. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100241. [PMID: 34450475 PMCID: PMC8390550 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing evidence that a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor overall survival (OS) for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In the CARD study (NCT02485691), cabazitaxel significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and OS versus abiraterone or enzalutamide in patients with mCRPC previously treated with docetaxel and the alternative androgen-receptor-targeted agent (ARTA). Here, we investigated NLR as a biomarker. Patients and methods CARD was a multicenter, open-label study that randomized patients with mCRPC to receive cabazitaxel (25 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) versus abiraterone (1000 mg/day) or enzalutamide (160 mg/day). The relationships between baseline NLR [< versus ≥ median (3.38)] and rPFS, OS, time to prostate-specific antigen progression, and prostate-specific antigen response to cabazitaxel versus ARTA were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier estimates. Multivariable Cox regression with stepwise selection of covariates was used to investigate the prognostic association between baseline NLR and OS. Results The rPFS benefit with cabazitaxel versus ARTA was particularly marked in patients with high NLR {8.5 versus 2.8 months, respectively; hazard ratio (HR) 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27-0.67]; P < 0.0001}, compared with low NLR [7.5 versus 5.1 months, respectively; HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.45-1.06); P = 0.0860]. Higher NLR (continuous covariate, per 1 unit increase) independently associated with poor OS [HR 1.05 (95% CI 1.02-1.08); P = 0.0003]. For cabazitaxel, there was no OS difference between patients with high versus low NLR (15.3 versus 12.9 months, respectively; P = 0.7465). Patients receiving an ARTA with high NLR, however, had a worse OS versus those with low NLR (9.5 versus 13.3 months, respectively; P = 0.0608). Conclusions High baseline NLR predicts poor outcomes with an ARTA in patients with mCRPC previously treated with docetaxel and the alternative ARTA. Conversely, the activity of cabazitaxel is retained irrespective of NLR. Baseline NLR was evaluated as a biomarker in patients with mCRPC treated with cabazitaxel versus abiraterone or enzalutamide. High baseline NLR predicted poor outcomes with abiraterone or enzalutamide in patients with mCRPC. Clinical benefit from cabazitaxel was retained in higher baseline NLR patients.
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Use of clinical selection for intensification of therapy in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:1192-1193. [PMID: 34139270 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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629P Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with cabazitaxel (CBZ) vs abiraterone or enzalutamide in the CARD study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Complete response to immune checkpoint inhibitors-based therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma patients. A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:798.e17-798.e24. [PMID: 32773231 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major breakthrough with immunotherapy is its potential to achieve complete responses (CR) in a subset of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. We aim at evaluating the incidence and relative risk (RR) of CR in RCC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Searching the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library and ASCO Meeting abstracts prospective studies were identified. The proportion of patients with CR events and the derived 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each study. Combined relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs were calculated using fixed- or random-effects methods. The analysis was performed in the intention to treat population, in the PD-L1 expressing (≥1%) RCC tumors and in patients treated with the combination of ICIs and anti-VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. RESULTS Six articles were considered for final analysis (total of 4.531 patients). The incidence of CR was 6.2% with ICIs and 2.6% with SOC. Treatment with ICIs significantly increased the risk of achieving CR compared to SOC (RR = 2.40; P = 0.001). This data was confirmed for patients treated with the combination of ICIs plus anti-VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RR = 2.50; P = 0.002). In PD-L1 positive tumors, the incidence of CR was 10.0% with ICIs and 4.0% in the SOC arm (RR = 2.49; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS ICIs provide higher rates of CR compared to SOC, even higher in patients with PD-L1 positive tumors.
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Updated survival analyses of a multicentric phase II randomized trial of docetaxel (D) plus enzalutamide (E) versus docetaxel (D) as first-line chemotherapy for patients (pts) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) (CHEIRON study). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz248.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Clinical outcomes by sex with atezolizumab (atezo) monotherapy in patients (pts) with locally advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz249.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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CARD: Randomized, open-label study of cabazitaxel (CBZ) vs abiraterone (ABI) or enzalutamide (ENZ) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz394.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Correlation between immuno-related adverse events (IRAEs) occurrence and clinical outcome in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with nivolumab: IRAENE trial, an Italian multi-institutional retrospective study. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy283.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Addressing the best treatment for non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC): a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing VEGFR-TKis versus mTORi targeted therapies. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx423.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Safety and efficacy of cabozantinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): real world data from an Italian Expanded Access Program (EAP). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx423.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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CORE-URO-01 study: comparison of safety and efficacy of pazopanib in first-line metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with or without renal failure. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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CORE-URO-01 study: comparison of safety and efficacy of pazopanib in first-line metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with or without renal failure. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx371.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Safety and efficacy of Cabozantinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): real world data from an Italian Expanded Access Program (EAP). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx371.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Drug-drug interactions between abiraterone (ABI) or enzalutamide (ENZ) and concomitant medications in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw334.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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The incidence and relative risk of pulmonary toxicity (PT) in patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 targeted therapies for solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw341.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Modified BEP chemotherapy in patients with testicular germ-cell tumors treated at a Comprehensive Cancer Center. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw334.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Correction to: Sunitinib administered on 2/1 schedule in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the RAINBOW analysis. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:366. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Clinical outcome of circulating tumor cells in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with docetaxel: long-term prospective single-centre study. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv341.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Prognostic role of PD-L1 expression in renal cell carcinoma. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv341.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Incidence and prognostic role of cumulative toxicity by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv341.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Relationship and predictive role of the dual expression of FGFR and IL8 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv341.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Association with programmed death ligand-1 (PDL-1) expression and Helicobacter Pylori infection in patients with non-diffuse type gastric carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv344.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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2629 Incidence and prognostic role of cumulative toxicity by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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2514 Incidence and relative-risk of cardiovascular toxicity in patients treated with new hormonal agents for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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2649 Prognostic role of PD-L1 expression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC): A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sunitinib administered on 2/1 schedule in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the RAINBOW analysis. Ann Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26216384 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-line sunitinib is recommended in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), but it is frequently associated with relevant toxicities and subsequent dose reductions. Alternative schedules, such as 2-week-on treatment and 1-week-off (2/1 schedule), might improve tolerability. We evaluated the safety and outcomes of this schedule in a large multicenter analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective, multicenter analysis of mRCC patients treated with first-line sunitinib on a 2/1 schedule. Data of 249 patients were reviewed: 208 cases who started sunitinib on the 4/2 schedule (full dosage: 188/208, 90.4%) and thereafter switched to the 2/1 schedule for toxicity (group 4/2 → 2/1) and 41 patients who started first-line sunitinib with the 2/1 schedule because of suboptimal clinical conditions (group 2/1). A total of 211 consecutive patients treated with the 4/2 schedule in another institution served as external controls. Safety was the primary end point. Treatment duration (TD), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were also analyzed. RESULTS In group 4/2 → 2/1, the overall incidence of grade ≥ 3 toxicities was significantly reduced (from 45.7% to 8.2%, P < 0.001) after the switch to 2/1 schedule. This advantage was maintained also in the 106/188 cases (56.4%) who maintained the full dosage. Fatigue, hypertension, hand-foot syndrome and thrombocytopenia were less frequent. The incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events in the negatively selected group 2/1 (only 73.2% starting at full dose) was 26.8%, similar to what observed in the external control group (29.4%). Median TD was 28.2 months in the 4/2 → 2/1 group (total time spent with both schedules), 7.8 months in the 2/1 group and 9.7 months in external controls. Median PFS was 30.2, 10.4 and 9.7 months, respectively. Median OS was not reached, 23.2 and 27.8 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS mRCC patients who moved to a modified 2/1 schedule of sunitinib experience an improved safety profile compared with that observed during the initial 4/2 schedule.
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Clinical Impact of Anti-Egfr Monoclonal Antibodies (Egfr Moabs) in Patients with Ras Wild Type (Wt) Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (Mcrc). Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu333.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Prospective Observational Study for Dpyd and Ugt1A1 Deficiency-Associated Toxicity in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (Mcrc) Receiving Triplet Chemotherapy with Capecitabine, Irinotecan and Oxaliplatin (Coi). Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu333.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Metastatic Sites As Predictors of Outcome in Renal Cell Carcinoma (Rcc) Patients (Pts) Treated with First-Line Sunitinib (Su) or Sorafenib (So). Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu337.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Poor Risk Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (Mrcc) Patients are not a Homogeneous Group: a New Stratificating Model in the Era of Targeted Therapy. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu337.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Contribution of Tumor Burden and Body Composition Parameters As Prognostic Factors of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (Mrcc) Treated By Targeted Therapy. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu337.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCS) as Prognostic Biomarker in Patients with Advanced Chemorefractory, Ras Wild-Type Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Treated with Cetuximab or Panitumumab. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu164.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tumoral CD105 is a novel independent prognostic marker for prognosis in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1778-84. [PMID: 24594997 PMCID: PMC3974088 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis is essential for tumour growth and metastasis. There are conflicting reports as to whether microvessel density (MVD) using the endothelial marker CD105 (cluster of differentiation molecule 105) in clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) is associated with prognosis. Recently, CD105 has been described as a RCC cancer stem cell marker. Methods: A total of 102 ccRCC were analysed. Representative tumour sections were stained for CD105. Vascularity (endothelial CD105) was quantified by MVD. The immunohistochemistry analysis detected positive (if present) or negative (if absent) CD105 tumoral staining. This retrospective population-based study was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier method, t-test and Cox proportional hazard model. Results: We found that the expression of endothelial CD105 (MVD) negatively correlated with nuclear grade (P<0.001), tumour stage (P<0.001) and Leibovitch score (P<0.001), whereas the expression of tumoral CD105 positively correlated with these three clinicopathological factors (P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, tumoral CD105 was found to be an independent predictor of poor overall survival (P=0.002). Conclusions: We have shown for the first time that tumoral CD105 is an independent predictive marker for death risk and unfavourable prognosis in patients with ccRCC after curative resection.
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Are post-docetaxel treatments effective in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and performance of 2? A meta-analysis of published trials. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2013; 16:323-7. [PMID: 23896627 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2013.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 20% of patients with prostate cancer have an ECOG performance status (PS) 2 at diagnosis. We investigate if current treatment options for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) may decrease the risk of death even in patients with ECOG PS of 2. METHODS PubMed was reviewed for phase III randomized trials in patients with CRPC progressed after docetaxel chemotherapy. Characteristics of each study and the relative hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival and 95% confidence interval (CI) were collected. Summary HR was calculated using random- or fixed-effects models depending on the heterogeneity of included studies. RESULTS A total of 3,149 patients was available for meta-analysis. In the overall population, the experimental treatments decrease the risk of death by 31% (HR=0.69; 95% CI: 0.63-0.76; P<0.001). The activity of experimental treatments was similar in 2,859 patients with ECOG-PS=0 or 1 with a reduced risk of death of 31% (HR=0.69; 95% CI: 0.62-0.76). A total of 290 patients (9.2%) had ECOG-PS=2 and experimental treatments decreased the risk of death by 26% (HR=0.74; 95% CI: 0.56-0.98; P=0.035) compared with the controls even in this sub-group. When patients were stratified by type of treatment, the reduction of the risk of death was confirmed for hormonal therapies: abiraterone and enzalutamide (HR=0.72; 95% CI: 0.52-0.99; P=0.046), but not for chemotherapy (HR=0.81; 95% CI: 0.48-1.37; P=0.43). CONCLUSIONS We believe this is the first study reporting a benefit in second-line setting for CRPC patients previously treated with docetaxel and poor PS.
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71PD REVERSIBLE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES INIHIBITORS (REGFR-TKIS), ERLOTINIB OR GEFITINIB, COMPARED TO CHEMOTHERAPY (CHT) IN PREVIOUSLY TREATED METASTATIC NON SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER (NSCLC) PATIENTS (PTS): A META-ANALYSIS. Lung Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(13)70291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chemotherapy is Effective in Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (PNET) / Ewing Sarcoma (EWS) of The Kidney. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)34056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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O55 Impact des thérapies ciblées en cancérologie sur la masse musculaire et le tissu adipeux. NUTR CLIN METAB 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(11)70059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Prognostic factors for survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with antiangiogenic therapies: Overall results of a large experience. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e15026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Is there a role for targeted therapies in the collecting ducts of Bellini carcinoma? J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.7_suppl.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
396 Background: Carcinoma of Bellini collecting ducts (CDC) is very uncommon but it is one of the most aggressive urological entities. For this tumor, originating from the epithelium of Bellini ducts in the distal tubule and preferentially occurring in young populations, no standard effective therapy has been so far established. Results of previous clinical experiences with chemo- or immunotherapy have been disappointing. We report our experience in 7 cases of CDC treated with targeted therapies. Methods: From December 2004 to May 2010, 333 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma have been treated with targeted therapies at Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan. From the global database analysis, seven cases with histological subtype of CDC have been identified. All patients had advanced disease and received a targeted therapy as first-line treatment. Six of them underwent previous nephrectomy, all had nodal involvement, and three had two or more sites of disease including lung, liver, and adrenal glands. Four patients received sorafenib as first-line treatment, two sunitinib, and one temsirolimus. After sorafenib failure, two patients received a second-line treatment consisting of both sunitinib and temsirolimus. Results: Five patients developed early progression of disease with a very short 4-month survival. One patient had a long term partial response of 33 months with sorafenib, he underwent second-line sunitinib and had no progression for further 10 months. The last patient reached a progression-free survival of 6 months with temsirolimus; when progressed, he achieved a disease control for further 9 months during sunitinib therapy. Both patients are alive after 50 and 15 months of treatment, respectively. The most common adverse events, low or moderate in severity, consisted of fatigue, hand-foot skin reaction, diarrhea, hypertension, and anemia. Conclusions: Prognosis of advanced CDC remains unfavorable. New target agents may be active in this disease and need further prospective phase II studies. [Table: see text]
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Gene expression profile of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in clear cell metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.7_suppl.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
302 Background: The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is described in 50% of patients affected by mRCC. The detection of CTC seems to be correlated with advanced tumor stage and more aggressive tumor phenotype. In some other solid tumors, such as breast, colorectal and prostate cancer, a growing body of evidence is emerging about the molecular portrait of these cells, whose nature is still largely unknown. The lack of information about CTCs characterization in RCC strongly hampers their application into the clinical practice. Aim of the study was to trace a gene expression profile of CTCs in mRCC patients. Methods: 18 metastatic clear cell mRCC patients were enrolled in the study. All patients provided informed consent. CTCs were isolated from 10cc of peripheral blood by CELLection Dynabeads coated with the monoclonal antibody towards the human Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCam). CELLection Epithelial Enrich is designed to optimally enrich bead-free, viable epithelial tumor cells. Tumor cells were eluted, subjected to RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis. PCR was then performed to investigate the expression of cytokeratin 8 (CK8) and vimentin as markers of clear cell RCC, multidrug resistance (MDR1), multidrug resistance related proteins 1–5–7 (MRP 1, MRP5, MRP 7) as drug resistance markers. Results: According with standard CTCs definition (CK+/CD45-), we found their presence in 9/18 samples (50%). Out of them, vimentin was found in 2/9 (22%), MDR1 in 3/9 (33%), MRP1 in 1/9 (11%), MRP5 in 6/9 (66%) and MRP7 in 9/9 (100%). Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first attempt to describe a gene expression portrait in CTCs from clear cell mRCC. Of note is that vimentin, classically used as diagnostic marker for clear cell RCC is often lost in CTCs. This seems to further confirm the discrepancy between CTCs and primary tumor phenotype, already demonstrated in breast cancer. The expression profile of genes involved in multidrug resistance in CTCs seems to reflect the well known drug resistance observed in RCC. How these biological information obtainable from a gene expression profile performed on CTCs in clear cell mRCC may be translated into the clinic is currently under investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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89PD LONG-TERM SURVIVAL IN UNSELECTED PATIENTS TREATED WITH A PERSONALIZED SCHEDULE WITH ERLOTINIB. Lung Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(11)70226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Past, present and future of targeted therapy in solid tumors. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2010; 10:433-61. [PMID: 20384576 DOI: 10.2174/156800910791517145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 04/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapies affecting specific molecular target, expressed preferentially by neoplastic cells, block cancer growth. Current targets are represented by cell-surface trans-membrane proteins, intracellular proteins, and by growth factors. Today a targeted therapy exists for most commonly diagnosed types of human cancer often combined with chemotherapy or sometimes as monotherapy option. The epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) are known as the two main control key intracellular pathways, governing fundamental processes in cancer cells. The concept of using anti-EGFR and anti-VEGF strategies, as cancer treatment, has been recently developed and exploited extensively. We review targeted drugs currently available for routine treatment of lung, breast, colorectal and renal cell cancers, summarizing the history of identification and molecular characterization of targets or signaling pathways responsible for abnormal cell growth. We also focus on new targeted strategies, still under investigation, able to affect simultaneously tightly interconnected biological pathways or directed against new molecular targets.
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Past, Present and Future of Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2010. [DOI: 10.2174/1568210203845760096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Regression rate of clinical HPV infection of the lower genital tract during pregnancy after laser CO2 surgery. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2006; 33:93-5. [PMID: 16903245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of laser CO2 surgery during pregnancy to prevent clinical HPV infection recurrence after delivery and vertical infection. A case-control study was performed on 280 pregnant women affected by clinical HPV infection treated during pregnancy with 256 women treated three months after delivery. Follow-up was performed for a minimum of three colposcopic examinations for two years. Recurrence rates were calculated considering the number of positive findings for at least one colposcopic examination confirmed by biopsy after a negative control in a year. Statistical comparison of rates was performed by chi-squared and Fisher's exact test. Recurrence rates were higher in the women treated in postpartum (p < .01) than in the group treated during gestation (p < .005). Clinical HPV infections treated during the second trimester of pregnancy showed a sensitive decrease in recurrence-rate of infection. Rarity of respiratory papillomatosis makes conclusions inconsistent for the prevention of vertical infection.
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