1
|
Autonomic Activity in Overweight-Obese Children During the Morning Transition in Cardiac Circadian Regulation (P21-065-19). Curr Dev Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz041.p21-065-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Regulation of the autonomic nervous system is disturbed in obese children and adults. This dysregulation—which includes sympathetic nervous system (SNS) over activity and disruption of cardiac circadian rhythms—is of interest because of the negative impact of these effects on cognition, regulation of energy homeostasis, cardiovascular health, and metabolic functions. The present study evaluated heart rate (HR) measures during the first hours following awakening from sleep when circadian cardiac control transitions from an emphasis on parasympathetic nervous system activity (PNS) during sleep to an emphasis on SNS activity during wakefulness.
Methods
Resting HR recordings (5 min) were obtained from healthy normal weight (NW: BMI < 85th %ile; n = 47; 25 boys) and overweight-obese (OB: BMI > 95th %ile; n = 48; 24 boys) 10 yr olds enrolled in the ACNC's Brain Food study. The first of two recording sessions (T1) took place 2 hrs after awakening (1 hr after a standardized breakfast), and the second (T2) 1 hr later. Recordings were processed for measures of sympathetic [low frequency (LF)] and parasympathetic [high frequency (HF); vagal tone (VT); root mean square of intervals between adjacent heart beats (RMSSD)] activities.
Results
Separate ANOVAs (recording session by group by sex) were conducted for each measure. Previous reports of higher HR in girls than boys and in OB than NW groups were confirmed (both P ≤ 0.001) HR slowed significantly from T1 to T2 for OB (P = 0.021), but not NW. These effects were associated with T1 to T2 increases in SNS LF activity for both groups (both P ≤ 0.003), but significant increases in PNS measures (HF, RMSSD, VT; all P < 0.05) for only OB children. Increases in PNS activity across recording sessions for OB children attenuated group HR differences during T2 (T1: OB > NW, P = 0.008; T2: OB > NW, P = .051). Gender differences were consistent with faster HR in girls which was maintained across groups and recording sessions.
Conclusions
The results are the first to show that autonomic dysregulation in obese children modulates the shift in SNS-PNS balance characteristic of the transition from sleep to waking. These findings may inform the development of new early intervention strategies to attenuate obesity that consider the role played by circadian rhythms.
Funding Sources
Funded by USDA-ARS Project 6026-51000-010-05S.
Collapse
|
2
|
Infant Diet And Resting Frontal 6‐10 Hz Power at 9 Months Are Associated with Gender‐Related Differences in Child Temperament at 3 Years. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.900.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
3
|
Semantic memory processing is enhanced in preadolescents breastfed compared to those formula‐fed as infants: An ERP N400 study of sentential semantic congruity (629.1). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.629.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|