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Veggiani G, Villaseñor R, Martyn GD, Tang JQ, Krone MW, Gu J, Chen C, Waters ML, Pearce KH, Baubec T, Sidhu SS. Author Correction: High-affinity chromodomains engineered for improved detection of histone methylation and enhanced CRISPR-based gene repression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7381. [PMID: 36450737 PMCID: PMC9712645 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35175-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Veggiani
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada.
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
| | - R Villaseñor
- Division of Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G D Martyn
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - J Q Tang
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - M W Krone
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - J Gu
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada
| | - C Chen
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada
| | - M L Waters
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - K H Pearce
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - T Baubec
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Genome Biology and Epigenetics, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S S Sidhu
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Veggiani G, Villaseñor R, Martyn GD, Tang JQ, Krone MW, Gu J, Chen C, Waters ML, Pearce KH, Baubec T, Sidhu SS. High-affinity chromodomains engineered for improved detection of histone methylation and enhanced CRISPR-based gene repression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6975. [PMID: 36379931 PMCID: PMC9666628 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone methylation is an important post-translational modification that plays a crucial role in regulating cellular functions, and its dysregulation is implicated in cancer and developmental defects. Therefore, systematic characterization of histone methylation is necessary to elucidate complex biological processes, identify biomarkers, and ultimately, enable drug discovery. Studying histone methylation relies on the use of antibodies, but these suffer from lot-to-lot variation, are costly, and cannot be used in live cells. Chromatin-modification reader domains are potential affinity reagents for methylated histones, but their application is limited by their modest affinities. We used phage display to identify key residues that greatly enhance the affinities of Cbx chromodomains for methylated histone marks and develop a general strategy for enhancing the affinity of chromodomains of the human Cbx protein family. Our strategy allows us to develop powerful probes for genome-wide binding analysis and live-cell imaging. Furthermore, we use optimized chromodomains to develop extremely potent CRISPR-based repressors for tailored gene silencing. Our results highlight the power of engineered chromodomains for analyzing protein interaction networks involving chromatin and represent a modular platform for efficient gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Veggiani
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada.
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
| | - R Villaseñor
- Division of Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G D Martyn
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - J Q Tang
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - M W Krone
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - J Gu
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada
| | - C Chen
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada
| | - M L Waters
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - K H Pearce
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - T Baubec
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Genome Biology and Epigenetics, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S S Sidhu
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Schmees C, Villaseñor R, Zheng W, Ma H, Zerial M, Heldin CH, Hellberg C. Macropinocytosis of the PDGF β-receptor promotes fibroblast transformation by H-RasG12V. Mol Biol Cell 2012; 23:2571-82. [PMID: 22573884 PMCID: PMC3386220 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e11-04-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast transformation by H-RasG12V induces internalization of PDGFRβ by macropinocytosis, enhancing its signaling activity and increasing anchorage-independent proliferation. It is proposed that H-Ras transformation promotes tumor progression by enhancing growth factor receptor signaling through increased receptor macropinocytosis. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling is frequently increased in tumor cells, sometimes as a result of decreased receptor down-regulation. The extent to which the endocytic trafficking routes can contribute to such RTK hyperactivation is unclear. Here, we show for the first time that fibroblast transformation by H-RasG12V induces the internalization of platelet-derived growth factor β-receptor (PDGFRβ) by macropinocytosis, enhancing its signaling activity and increasing anchorage-independent proliferation. H-RasG12V transformation and PDGFRβ activation were synergistic in stimulating phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase activity, leading to receptor macropinocytosis. PDGFRβ macropinocytosis was both necessary and sufficient for enhanced receptor activation. Blocking macropinocytosis by inhibition of PI 3-kinase prevented the increase in receptor activity in transformed cells. Conversely, increasing macropinocytosis by Rabankyrin-5 overexpression was sufficient to enhance PDGFRβ activation in nontransformed cells. Simultaneous stimulation with PDGF-BB and epidermal growth factor promoted macropinocytosis of both receptors and increased their activation in nontransformed cells. We propose that H-Ras transformation promotes tumor progression by enhancing growth factor receptor signaling as a result of increased receptor macropinocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schmees
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Martínez-Jerónimo F, Villaseñor R, Ríos G, Espinosa-Chavez F. Toxicity of the crude oil water-soluble fraction and kaolin-adsorbed crude oil on Daphnia magna (Crustacea: Anomopoda). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2005; 48:444-9. [PMID: 15883675 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-0220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2003] [Accepted: 10/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons entering aquatic environments from accidental or normal marine and transportation activities. Toxicologic crude oil analysis is usually performed on the basis of the water-soluble fraction. However, this yields only a partial estimate of the damage caused by these contaminants because a substantial hydrophobic amount can be adsorbed onto suspended solids (biotic and abiotic), which directly affects filter-feeding species and permits bioaccumulation through trophic relationships. This study determined the acute toxic damage sustained after 48 hours caused by seven types of crude oil from Tabasco, Mexico on the cladoceran Daphnia magna. Comparisons were documented based on the responses of D. magna from application of the water-soluble fraction and exposure to entire crude oil samples adsorbed on kaolin clay. Oil-sorbed kaolin was more toxic than the water-soluble fraction in acute exposure. This confirms that tests of the water-soluble fraction tend to underestimate the toxic damage that can be produced in natural environments. Furthermore, chronic toxicity (21 days) was evaluated for crude oil samples adsorbed on kaolin at sublethal concentrations as established from Application Factors (AF) criteria. Results showed that in most cases, it is impossible to predict safe concentrations on the basis of LC(50) values because samples with lower acute toxicity exercised a greater influence on D. magna reproduction and survival when subjected to chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Martínez-Jerónimo
- Laboratorio de Hidrobiología Experimental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carpio Esq. Plan de Ayala s/n, México.
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Moreira H, Kolahdouz-Isfahani AH, Englanoff JS, Fasano AP, Ziogas A, Villaseñor R, McDonnell PJ. Retrospective comparison of simultaneous and non-simultaneous bilateral radial keratotomy. J Refract Corneal Surg 1994; 10:545-9. [PMID: 7530104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many radial keratotomy surgeons advocate bilateral simultaneous surgery, in which there is an inherent, although rare, risk of bilateral sight-threatening complications such as microbial keratitis. This study was designed to evaluate the refractive outcomes of simultaneous and non-simultaneous radial keratotomy performed by a single surgeon. METHODS We retrospectively compared the results of radial keratotomy performed simultaneously (both eyes operated on the same day, 20 patients) versus non-simultaneously (right and left eyes operated on different days, 71 patients) by a single surgeon. Both eyes had the same surgical procedure, including clear zone diameter and number of incisions. RESULTS The refractive results of bilateral simultaneous and non-simultaneous surgery were largely equivalent for all parameters analyzed except one. The variability of the difference in postoperative refractive error between right and left eyes was less for those patients undergoing simultaneous surgery (p = .0008). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that performing radial keratotomy as a bilateral simultaneous procedure increases the symmetry of the refractive effect. In view of recent reports of sight-threatening risks such as bilateral microbial keratitis following bilateral keratotomy, however, the potential risks and benefits of bilateral surgery should be carefully considered before operating on both eyes on the same day.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Moreira
- Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90033
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Martínez-Jerónimo F, Villaseñor R, Espinosa F, Rios G. Use of life-tables and application factors for evaluating chronic toxicity of kraft mill wastes on Daphnia magna. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1993; 50:377-384. [PMID: 8428116 DOI: 10.1007/bf00197197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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