Synthesis of a thio-linked Lewis A (Le(a)) epitope

The synthesis of heptyl (alpha-L-fucopyransoyl)-(1-->4)-S-[(beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1--> 3)] -1,4-dithio-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), as thio-linked Lewis A analogue was based on thexyldimethylsilyl 3-O-allyl-2-O-benzoyl-6-O-(4-methoxybenzyl)-4-thio-beta-D-glucopyranosid e (15) which was readily obtained from D-galactose. Reaction of 15 with O-3,4-di-O-acetyl-2-O-(4-methoxybenzyl)-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate (8) as fucosyl donor afforded the alpha-(1-->4)-thio-linked disaccharide. Replacement of the 4-methoxybenzyl groups by acetyl groups and removal of the 3a-O-allyl group afforded as 3a-O-unprotected acceptor thexyldimethylsilyl (2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-S-6-O-acetyl-2-O-benz oyl -4-thio-beta-D-glucopyranoside (19), which gave with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate as galactosyl donor (20) the trisaccharide. Transformation into a trichloroacetimidate as glycosyl donor, glycosylation of heptylmercaptan, and then removal of the O-acyl protective groups afforded target molecule 2.

A simple access to lactose-derived building blocks required in glycoconjugate synthesis

Lactose was readily transformed into thexyldimethylsilyl (3,4-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-beta- D-glucopyranoside (5); this compound served as intermediate for the generation of partially O-protected lactose building blocks required in oligosaccharide and glycoconjugate synthesis. Thus, from 5 via per-O-benzoylation, desilylation, trichloroacetimidate formation, glycosylation of the Lemieux spacer, and acid-catalyzed de-O-isopropylidenation methoxycarbonyloctyl (2,6-di-O-benzoyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)- (1-->4)-2,3,6-tri-O-benzoyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (12) was obtained. Regioselective benzoylation of 5 with benzoyl cyanide under various conditions afforded 3-O- (13), 2,3,2'-O- (14), 3,2'-O- (16), and 2,2'-O-unprotected (17) lactoside, respectively. De-O-isopropylidenation of 16 gave thexyldimethylsilyl (6-O-benzoyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-2, 6-di-O-benzoyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (18), an important 2',3',4'-O-unprotected lactose derivative. Fucosylation of 13 and then de-O-isopropylidenation afforded thexyldimethylsilyl 2,6-di-O-benzoyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-[(3,4-di-O-acetyl-2-O- benzoyl-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl)-(1-->3)]-2,6-di-O-benzoyl-beta-D- glucopyranoside (21), an important fucosyllactose building block.