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Ludmerczki R, Malfatti L, Stagi L, Meloni M, Carbonaro CM, Casula MF, Bogdán D, Mura S, Mándity IM, Innocenzi P. Polymerization-Driven Photoluminescence in Alkanolamine-Based C-Dots. Chemistry 2021; 27:2543-2550. [PMID: 33196126 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbonized polymer dots (CPDs), a peculiar type of carbon dots, show extremely high quantum yields, making them very attractive nanostructures for application in optics and biophotonics. The origin of the strong photoluminescence of CPDs resides in a complicated interplay of several radiative mechanisms. To understand the correlation between CPD processing and properties, the early stage formation of carbonized polymer dots has been studied. In the synthesis, citric acid monohydrate and 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol have been thermally degraded at 180 °C. The use of an oil bath instead of a more traditional hydrothermal reactor has allowed the CPD properties to be monitored at different reactions times. Transmission electron microscopy, time-resolved photoluminescence, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, and Raman spectroscopy have revealed the formation of polymeric species with amide and ester bonds. Quantum chemistry calculations have been employed to investigate the origin of CPD electronic transitions. At short reaction times, amorphous C-dots with 80 % quantum yield, have been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ludmerczki
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luca Malfatti
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Stagi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Manuela Meloni
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Carbonaro
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, sp 8, km 0.700, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Casula
- DIMCM-Department of Mechanical, Chemical, and Materials Engineering, INSTM, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Dóra Bogdán
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre St. 7, 1092, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA TTK Lendület Artificial Transporter Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefania Mura
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - István M Mándity
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre St. 7, 1092, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA TTK Lendület Artificial Transporter Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Plinio Innocenzi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
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Ludmerczki R, Mura S, Carbonaro CM, Mandity IM, Carraro M, Senes N, Garroni S, Granozzi G, Calvillo L, Marras S, Malfatti L, Innocenzi P. Carbon Dots from Citric Acid and its Intermediates Formed by Thermal Decomposition. Chemistry 2019; 25:11963-11974. [PMID: 31254368 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Thermal decomposition of citric acid is one of the most common synthesis methods for fluorescent carbon dots; the reaction pathway is, however, quite complex and the details are still far from being understood. For instance, several intermediates form during the process and they also give rise to fluorescent species. In the present work, the formation of fluorescent C-dots from citric acid has been studied as a function of reaction time by coupling infrared analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) with the change of the optical properties, absorption and emission. The reaction intermediates, which have been identified at different stages, produce two main emissive species, in the green and blue, as also indicated by the decay time analysis. C-dots formed from the intermediates have also been synthesised by thermal decomposition, which gave an emission maximum around 450 nm. The citric acid C-dots in water show short temporal stability, but their functionalisation with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane reduces the quenching. The understanding of the citric acid thermal decomposition reaction is expected to improve the control and reproducibility of C-dots synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ludmerczki
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, Via Vienna 2., 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefania Mura
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, Via Vienna 2., 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Carbonaro
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, Campus of Monserrato, sp n.8, km 0.700, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Istvan M Mandity
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 1092, Budapest, Hogyes Endre St. 7., Hungary.,MTA TTK Lendület Artificial Transporter Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117, Budapest, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2., Hungary
| | - Massimo Carraro
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, Via Vienna 2., 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nina Senes
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, Via Vienna 2., 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Garroni
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, Via Vienna 2., 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Granozzi
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30., 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Calvillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Sergio Marras
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Malfatti
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, Via Vienna 2., 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Plinio Innocenzi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, Via Vienna 2., 07100, Sassari, Italy
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Payrits M, Sághy É, Mátyus P, Czompa A, Ludmerczki R, Deme R, Sándor Z, Helyes Z, Szőke É. A novel 3-(4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)propanal oxime compound is a potent Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 and Vanilloid 1 (TRPA1 and V1) receptor antagonist. Neuroscience 2016; 324:151-62. [PMID: 26930003 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 and Vanilloid 1 (TRPA1, TRPV1) ion channels expressed on nociceptive primary sensory neurons are important regulators of pain and inflammation. TRPA1 is activated by several inflammatory mediators including formaldehyde and methylglyoxal that are products of the semicarbazide-sensitive amine-oxidase enzyme (SSAO). SZV-1287 is a new 3-(4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)propanal oxime SSAO inhibitor, its chemical structure is similar to other oxime derivatives described as TRPA1 antagonists. Therefore, we investigated its effects on TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptor activation on the cell bodies and peripheral terminals of primary sensory neurons and TRPA1 or TRPV1 receptor-expressing cell lines. Calcium influx in response to the TRPA1 agonist allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) (200 μM) and the TRPV1 stimulator capsaicin (330 nM) in rat trigeminal neurons or TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptor-expressing cell lines was measured by microfluorimetry or radioactive (45)Ca(2+) uptake experiments. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release as the indicator of 100 μM AITC - or 100 nM capsaicin-induced peripheral sensory nerve terminal activation was measured by radioimmunoassay. SZV-1287 (100, 500 and 1000 nM) exerted a concentration-dependent significant inhibition on both AITC- and capsaicin-evoked calcium influx in trigeminal neurons and TRPA1 or TRPV1 receptor-expressing cell lines. It also significantly inhibited the TRPA1, but not the TRPV1 activation-induced CGRP release from the peripheral sensory nerve endings in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, the reference SSAO inhibitor LJP 1207 with a different structure had no effect on TRPA1 or TRPV1 activation in either model system. This is the first evidence that our novel oxime compound SZV-1287 originally developed as a SSAO inhibitor has a potent dual antagonistic action on TRPA1 and TRPV1 ion channels on primary sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Payrits
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs-7624, Szigeti str. 12., Hungary; Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs-7624, Ifjúság str. 20., Hungary.
| | - É Sághy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs-7624, Szigeti str. 12., Hungary; Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs-7624, Ifjúság str. 20., Hungary.
| | - P Mátyus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Semmelweis, Budapest-1092, Hőgyes Endre str. 7., Hungary.
| | - A Czompa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Semmelweis, Budapest-1092, Hőgyes Endre str. 7., Hungary.
| | - R Ludmerczki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Semmelweis, Budapest-1092, Hőgyes Endre str. 7., Hungary.
| | - R Deme
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Semmelweis, Budapest-1092, Hőgyes Endre str. 7., Hungary.
| | - Z Sándor
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs-7624, Szigeti str. 12., Hungary.
| | - Zs Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs-7624, Szigeti str. 12., Hungary; Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs-7624, Ifjúság str. 20., Hungary; MTA-PTE Chronic Pain Research Group, Pécs-7624, Szigeti str. 12., Hungary.
| | - É Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs-7624, Szigeti str. 12., Hungary; Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs-7624, Ifjúság str. 20., Hungary; MTA-PTE Chronic Pain Research Group, Pécs-7624, Szigeti str. 12., Hungary.
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