COVID-19 infection prevention and control for hospital workers in Indonesia

Introduction

The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 led to a global pandemic, posing unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems, particularly in hospitals.

Purpose

This study explores the intricacies of strategies employed for preventing and controlling COVID-19 in Indonesian hospitals, with a particular focus on the protocols, challenges, and solutions faced by healthcare professionals.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional analysis, we examined 27 hospitals and uncovered disparities in their preparedness levels. During our investigation, we observed the robust implementation of infection prevention measures, which encompassed stringent protocols, adequate ventilation, and proper use of personal protective equipment. However, shortcomings were identified in areas such as surveillance, mental health support, and patient management.

Discussion

This study underscores the importance of addressing these gaps, suggesting tailored interventions, and continuous training for healthcare staff. Effective leadership, positive team dynamics, and adherence to comprehensive policies emerge as pivotal factors. Hospitals should strengthen weak areas, ensure the ethical execution of emergency protocols, and integrate technology for tracking and improving standard operating procedures. By enhancing the knowledge and skills of healthcare workers and maintaining strong management practices, hospitals can optimize their efforts in COVID-19 prevention and control, thereby safeguarding the wellbeing of professionals, patients, and communities.

Factors Related to Contact Dermatitis in Metal Industrial Workers 2022

Introduction: The metal industry plays an essential role in rapid economic growth. The growth is straight with the worker increment and high occupational disease risk. Various materials, especially in the metal industry, can initiate contact dermatitis in the workplace. Skin is the organ that exposes frequently, and skin disease is the most common disease among occupational dermatitis. Allergens and irritants exposure contribute to contact dermatitis. In Indonesia, occupational skin diseases are 97%, and Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD) is the most case, around 66.3%. This study aims to describe the influencing factors of contact dermatitis in metal industries workers. Methods: The study is a literature review using the electronic database search, namely Google Scholar, Research Gate and Garuda. The keywords occupational contact dermatitis and metal contact dermatitis are applied. The inclusion criteria are online databases from 2017 to 2022, completed articles, relevant titles and abstracts. Exclusion criteria include not completed articles, not relevant titles and abstracts. Results: The twelve articles use the same method, namely cross-sectional design. The questionnaire, observation, and interview were applied for the data collection method. This literature review presents factors influencing contact dermatitis: work duration, contact duration, wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), and personal hygiene. The articles reviewed collection are obtained through descriptive tests and analytical. Conclusion: As the review result that there are affected factors to contact dermatitis: contact duration, frequency duration, PPE usage, and personal hygiene. PPE is the dominant influencing factor to metal contact dermatitis.

A self-assessment model for hospital safety culture maturity

Background: Studies on safety culture maturity in health care is very rare, and the existing ones only focus on patients and the use of Manchester Patients Safety Framework (MaPSaF) instrument. The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive instrument for measuring safety culture maturity in hospitals.

Design and methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with three stages. First, we used secondary data analysis from the Hospital Accreditation Commission. Second, evaluation of primary data obtained from safety climate questionnaire. Third, we did focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews for validation of secondary data and development of DUTA-RS website. We analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) test.

Results: DUTA-RS instrument contains 1,118 elements based on the first edition of the Indonesian Hospital Accreditation National Standard. Its safety culture maturity is at the proactive level (58.0%), with the highest accreditation levels of proactive (50.8%) and generative (48.7%). The variables affecting the safety culture maturity are situational and safety behavior variables, with leadership, risk management, and safety compliance as the strongest indicators. The weakest indicators of climate are organizational learning and communication. The mean value of climate for primary and secondary data is in the good category and showed in proactive level.

Conclusions: The DUTA-RS as a website to measure the safety culture maturity in accredited hospitals by taking the advantage of the existing information technology of hospital accreditation committee as the benchmark enables improvement of SCML in hospitals. Further studies are required for the development of DUTA-RS website.

An analysis of pivotal factors in the implementation of occupational health and safety management systems in micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs): Literature review

OBJECTIVE

In its aim to develop a model of an occupational safety and health management system (OSHMS) for MSMEs in Indonesia, this study seeks to explore crucial factors in relation to the implementation of such a system in MSMEs by conducting a review of previous studies on the topic.

METHODS

This systematic review is an exploratory study from several online databases our using a combination of two keywords that refer to the population and exposure variables in the PROSPERO Approach by using the "AND" strategy. Each literature goes through selection based on PRISMA flow chart. A Critical Appraisal Skill Programme (CASP) checklist for risk of bias assessment was used for the evidence quality appraisal.

RESULT

From 37 papers, books, online books and local articles were selected, we identified pivotal factors in the implementation of OHSMS in MSMEs which can be classified into downstream factors (OSH training, commitment, risk management, and communication), middle stream factors (support from the third party), and upstream factors (the role of government).

CONCLUSION

Various pivotal factors in promoting OSH implementation at MSMEs can be seen as role of MSMEs actors (employer and employee); third party and government.

Identifikasi Bahaya Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Penangkapan Ikan Nelayan Muroami

Kelautan Kepulauan Seribu pada tahun 2009 terdapat 1.722 penduduk berprofesi sebagai nelayan. Sebanyak 299 orang berprofesi nelayan muroami yang menghadapi bahaya keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja tinggi dan hingga saat ini mereka belum mengetahui bahaya pekerjaan tersebut.Penelitian deskriptif dengan analisis kualitatif ini, bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran bahaya kegiatan penangkapan ikan nelayan muroami di Kelurahan Pulau Panggang, Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu. Penelitian ini hanya mengamati para penyelam kompresor sebagai subjek penelitian dengan mengunakan metode identifikasi bahaya yaitu Job Hazard Analysis. Bahaya keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja pada tahapan aktivitas penangkapan ikan terdiri atas tahapan persiapan, tahapan penyelaman, dan tahapan penanganan hasil penangkapan. Bahaya yang dihadapi dikelompokkanmenjadi bahaya bagi keselamatan dan bahaya kesehatan, bahaya bagi keselamatan pekerja meliputi ombak, lantai licin, duri ikan, terjepit, bahan bakar mesin kompresor, selang api korosif, tekanan udara pada tabung mesin kompresor, tuas terlepas, karang, gigitan biota laut, selang tertekuk, terputus, atau bocor dan tubuh yang tersangkut baling-baling kapal. Bahaya kesehatan meliputi ergonomik, kebisingan, tekanan ekstrim, temperatur dingin, temperatur panas, sengatan ikan dan karang beracun, gas CO, CO2 dan nitrogen.Kata Kunci: Penangkapan ikan, nelayan, penyelam kompresorAbstractData from Fisheries and Maritime Affairs Thousand Islands goverment in 2009 there were 1722 people living as fishermen, with 299 people living as muroami fishermen. Muroami Fishermen is one of the informal sector jobs which have high dangers of occupational health and safety, until now the fishermen don’t know the danger of their jobs.The study is descriptive with the approach of this qualitative analysis, aims to find the description on the danger of muroami fishing activities catch of fish, in Kelurahan Panggang Island, Thousand Islands District. This study only observed without intervention to the compressor divers as subjects of research. Hazard identification methods used Job Hazard Analysis. The results obtained OHS hazard description of fishing activities, consisting of: stage of preparation, 2. Stages Stage diving and handling of the arrest. Based on these stages, found the picture hazards can be classified into 2, namely: a danger to the safety of workers (the waves, the ship slippery floors, thorn fish, stuck, compressor fuel, corrosive fire hose, air pressure in the tube compressor machines, lever regardless, the coral, marine biota bites, the bent hose, the hose is disconnected, the hose is leaking and body caught in the propeller ship) and health hazards (ergonomics, noise, extreme pressure, cold temperatures, hot temperatures, and fish stings toxic reef, gas CO, CO2 and nitrogen).Key words: Catch of fish, fisherman, compressor divers