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Shisha T, Posch MG, Lehmann J, Feifel R, Junt T, Hawtin S, Schuemann J, Avrameas A, Danekula R, Misiolek P, Siegel R, Gergely P. First-in-Human Study of the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of MHV370, a Dual Inhibitor of Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 8, in Healthy Adults. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 48:553-566. [PMID: 37532923 PMCID: PMC10480294 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00847-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE MHV370, a dual antagonist of human Toll-like receptors (TLR) 7 and 8, suppresses cytokines and interferon-stimulated genes in vitro and in vivo, and has demonstrated efficacy in murine models of lupus. This first-in-human study aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single and multiple doses of MHV370 in healthy adults, as well as the effects of food consumption on a single dose of MHV370. METHODS This was a phase 1, randomised, placebo-controlled study conducted in three parts. In part A, participants received (3:1) a single ascending dose (SAD) of 1, 3, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640 and 1000 mg MHV370 or placebo. In part B, participants received (3:1) multiple ascending doses (MAD) of 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg MHV370 twice daily (b.i.d) or placebo for 14 days. In part C, participants received an open-label single dose of 200 mg MHV370 under fasted or fed conditions. Safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters were evaluated. RESULTS MHV370 was well tolerated, and no safety signal was observed in the study. No dose-limiting adverse events occurred across the dose range evaluated. Plasma concentrations of MHV370 increased with dose (mean [SD] maximum plasma concentrations ranged from 0.97 [0.48] to 1670 [861.0] ng/mL for SAD of 3-1000 mg, 29.5 [7.98] to 759 [325.0] ng/mL for MAD of 25-400 mg b.i.d. on day 1). The intake of food did not have a relevant impact on the pharmacokinetics of MHV370. Pharmacodynamic data indicated time- and dose-dependent inhibition of TLR7-mediated CD69 expression on B cells (100% inhibition at 24 h post-dose starting from SAD 160 mg and MAD 50 mg b.i.d.) and TLR8-mediated TNF release after ex vivo stimulation (>90% inhibition at 24 h post-dose starting from SAD 320 mg and MAD 100 mg b.i.d.). CONCLUSION The safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data support the further development of MHV370 in systemic autoimmune diseases driven by the overactivation of TLR7 and TLR8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Shisha
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Roland Feifel
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Junt
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stuart Hawtin
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Schuemann
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Avrameas
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rambabu Danekula
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrycja Misiolek
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard Siegel
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Gergely
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
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2
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Guillemin R, Inhester L, Ilchen M, Mazza T, Boll R, Weber T, Eckart S, Grychtol P, Rennhack N, Marchenko T, Velasquez N, Travnikova O, Ismail I, Niskanen J, Kukk E, Trinter F, Gisselbrecht M, Feifel R, Sansone G, Rolles D, Martins M, Meyer M, Simon M, Santra R, Pfeifer T, Jahnke T, Piancastelli MN. Isotope effects in dynamics of water isotopologues induced by core ionization at an x-ray free-electron laser. Struct Dyn 2023; 10:054302. [PMID: 37799711 PMCID: PMC10550338 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Dynamical response of water exposed to x-rays is of utmost importance in a wealth of science areas. We exposed isolated water isotopologues to short x-ray pulses from a free-electron laser and detected momenta of all produced ions in coincidence. By combining experimental results and theoretical modeling, we identify significant structural dynamics with characteristic isotope effects in H2O2+, D2O2+, and HDO2+, such as asymmetric bond elongation and bond-angle opening, leading to two-body or three-body fragmentation on a timescale of a few femtoseconds. A method to disentangle the sequences of events taking place upon the consecutive absorption of two x-ray photons is described. The obtained deep look into structural properties and dynamics of dissociating water isotopologues provides essential insights into the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Guillemin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L. Inhester
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - T. Mazza
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R. Boll
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Th. Weber
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S. Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - T. Marchenko
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - N. Velasquez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - O. Travnikova
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - I. Ismail
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J. Niskanen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - E. Kukk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G. Sansone
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - D. Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - M. Martins
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Meyer
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M. Simon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - T. Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T. Jahnke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. N. Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
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3
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Alper P, Betschart C, André C, Boulay T, Cheng D, Deane J, Faller M, Feifel R, Glatthar R, Han D, Hemmig R, Jiang T, Knoepfel T, Maginnis J, Mutnick D, Pei W, Ruzzante G, Syka P, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Zink F, Zipfel G, Hawtin S, Junt T, Michellys PY. Discovery of the TLR7/8 Antagonist MHV370 for Treatment of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1054-1062. [PMID: 37583811 PMCID: PMC10424326 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR8 are endosomal sensors of the innate immune system that are activated by GU-rich single stranded RNA (ssRNA). Multiple genetic and functional lines of evidence link chronic activation of TLR7/8 to the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases (sAID) such as Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This makes targeting TLR7/8-induced inflammation with small-molecule inhibitors an attractive approach for the treatment of patients suffering from systemic autoimmune diseases. Here, we describe how structure-based optimization of compound 2 resulted in the discovery of 34 (MHV370, (S)-N-(4-((5-(1,6-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-3-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-1-yl)methyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1-yl)morpholine-3-carboxamide). Its in vivo activity allows for further profiling toward clinical trials in patients with autoimmune disorders, and a Phase 2 proof of concept study of MHV370 has been initiated, testing its safety and efficacy in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and mixed connective tissue disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil Alper
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Claudia Betschart
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cédric André
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Boulay
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dai Cheng
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jonathan Deane
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michael Faller
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Feifel
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Glatthar
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dong Han
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Rene Hemmig
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tao Jiang
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Thomas Knoepfel
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jillian Maginnis
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Daniel Mutnick
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Wei Pei
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Giulia Ruzzante
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Syka
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Guobao Zhang
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Florence Zink
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Géraldine Zipfel
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stuart Hawtin
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Junt
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Yves Michellys
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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4
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Hawtin S, André C, Collignon-Zipfel G, Appenzeller S, Bannert B, Baumgartner L, Beck D, Betschart C, Boulay T, Brunner HI, Ceci M, Deane J, Feifel R, Ferrero E, Kyburz D, Lafossas F, Loetscher P, Merz-Stoeckle C, Michellys P, Nuesslein-Hildesheim B, Raulf F, Rush JS, Ruzzante G, Stein T, Zaharevitz S, Wieczorek G, Siegel R, Gergely P, Shisha T, Junt T. Preclinical characterization of the Toll-like receptor 7/8 antagonist MHV370 for lupus therapy. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101036. [PMID: 37196635 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and in vivo evidence suggests that aberrant recognition of RNA-containing autoantigens by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7 and 8 drives autoimmune diseases. Here we report on the preclinical characterization of MHV370, a selective oral TLR7/8 inhibitor. In vitro, MHV370 inhibits TLR7/8-dependent production of cytokines in human and mouse cells, notably interferon-α, a clinically validated driver of autoimmune diseases. Moreover, MHV370 abrogates B cell, plasmacytoid dendritic cell, monocyte, and neutrophil responses downstream of TLR7/8. In vivo, prophylactic or therapeutic administration of MHV370 blocks secretion of TLR7 responses, including cytokine secretion, B cell activation, and gene expression of, e.g., interferon-stimulated genes. In the NZB/W F1 mouse model of lupus, MHV370 halts disease. Unlike hydroxychloroquine, MHV370 potently blocks interferon responses triggered by specific immune complexes from systemic lupus erythematosus patient sera, suggesting differentiation from clinical standard of care. These data support advancement of MHV370 to an ongoing phase 2 clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Hawtin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cédric André
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Simone Appenzeller
- Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology, and Traumatology, School of Medical Science, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13083-887 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bettina Bannert
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lea Baumgartner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damian Beck
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Betschart
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Boulay
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hermine I Brunner
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Melanie Ceci
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Deane
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | - Roland Feifel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Ferrero
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diego Kyburz
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frederique Lafossas
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pius Loetscher
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Pierre Michellys
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | | | - Friedrich Raulf
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - James S Rush
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Ruzzante
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Stein
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Samantha Zaharevitz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | - Grazyna Wieczorek
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard Siegel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Gergely
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tamas Shisha
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Junt
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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5
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Koulentianos D, Carravetta V, Couto RC, Andersson J, Hult Roos A, Squibb RJ, Wallner M, Eland JHD, Simon M, Ågren H, Feifel R. Formation and relaxation of K −2 and K −2V double-core-hole states in n-butane. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:044306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5135388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a magnetic bottle multi-electron time-of-flight spectrometer in combination with synchrotron radiation, double-core-hole pre-edge and continuum states involving the K-shell of the carbon atoms in n-butane ( n-C4H10) have been identified, where the ejected core electron(s) and the emitted Auger electrons from the decay of such states have been detected in coincidence. An assignment of the main observed spectral features is based on the results of multi-configurational self-consistent field (MCSCF) calculations for the excitation energies and static exchange (STEX) calculations for energies and intensities. MCSCF results have been analyzed in terms of static and dynamic electron relaxation as well as electron correlation contributions to double-core-hole state ionization potentials. The analysis of applicability of the STEX method, which implements the one-particle picture toward the complete basis set limit, is motivated by the fact that it scales well toward large species. We find that combining the MCSCF and STEX techniques is a viable approach to analyze double-core-hole spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Koulentianos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Cedex 05, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - V. Carravetta
- Institute of Chemical Physical Processes - CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - R. C. Couto
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J. Andersson
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A. Hult Roos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R. J. Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M. Wallner
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J. H. D. Eland
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - M. Simon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Cedex 05, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - H. Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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6
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Betschart C, Faller M, Zink F, Hemmig R, Blank J, Vangrevelinghe E, Bourrel M, Glatthar R, Behnke D, Barker K, Heizmann A, Angst D, Nimsgern P, Jacquier S, Junt T, Zipfel G, Ruzzante G, Loetscher P, Limonta S, Hawtin S, Andre CB, Boulay T, Feifel R, Knoepfel T. Structure-Based Optimization of a Fragment-like TLR8 Binding Screening Hit to an In Vivo Efficacious TLR7/8 Antagonist. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:658-664. [PMID: 35450354 PMCID: PMC9014506 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate activation of TLR7 and TLR8 is linked to several autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus. Here we report on the efficient structure-based optimization of the inhibition of TLR8, starting from a co-crystal structure of a small screening hit. Further optimization of the physicochemical properties for cellular potency and expansion of the structure-activity relationship for dual potency finally resulted in a highly potent TLR7/8 antagonist with demonstrated in vivo efficacy after oral dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Betschart
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Faller
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florence Zink
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - René Hemmig
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jutta Blank
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Vangrevelinghe
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marjorie Bourrel
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Glatthar
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Behnke
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Barker
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Heizmann
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Angst
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Nimsgern
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Jacquier
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Junt
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Géraldine Zipfel
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Ruzzante
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pius Loetscher
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Limonta
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stuart Hawtin
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cedric Bernard Andre
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Boulay
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Feifel
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Knoepfel
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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7
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Mayer D, Lever F, Picconi D, Metje J, Alisauskas S, Calegari F, Düsterer S, Ehlert C, Feifel R, Niebuhr M, Manschwetus B, Kuhlmann M, Mazza T, Robinson MS, Squibb RJ, Trabattoni A, Wallner M, Saalfrank P, Wolf TJA, Gühr M. Publisher Correction: Following excited-state chemical shifts in molecular ultrafast x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1356. [PMID: 35264572 PMCID: PMC8907161 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Mayer
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - F Lever
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - D Picconi
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - J Metje
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - S Alisauskas
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - F Calegari
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), 22607, Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Düsterer
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Ehlert
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, HITS gGmbH, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Niebuhr
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - B Manschwetus
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Kuhlmann
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Mazza
- European XFEL, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M S Robinson
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), 22607, Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Trabattoni
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Wallner
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - T J A Wolf
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - M Gühr
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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8
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Laamiri K, Garcia GA, Nahon L, Ben Houria A, Feifel R, Hochlaf M. Threshold photoelectron spectroscopy of 9-methyladenine: theory and experiment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:3523-3531. [PMID: 34676858 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03729c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of single-photon ionization of 9-methyladenine (9MA) in the gas phase. In addition to tautomerism, several rotamers due to the rotation of the methyl group may exist. Computations show, however, that solely one rotamer contributes because of low population in the molecular beam and/or unfavorable Franck-Condon factors upon ionization. Experimentally, we used VUV radiation available at the DESIRS beamline of the synchrotron radiation facility SOLEIL to record the threshold photoelectron spectrum of this molecule between 8 and 11 eV. This spectrum consists of a well-resolved band assigned mainly to vibronic levels of the D0 cationic state, plus a contribution from the D1 state, and two large bands corresponding to the D1, D2 and D3 electronically excited states. The adiabatic ionization energy of 9MA is measured at 8.097 ± 0.005 eV in close agreement with the computed value using the explicitly correlated coupled cluster approach including core valence, scalar relativistic and zero-point vibrational energy corrections. This work sheds light on the complex pattern of the lowest doublet electronic states of 9MA+. The comparison to canonical adenine reveals that methylation induces further electronic structure complication that may be important to understand the effects of ionizing radiation and the charge distribution in these biological entities at different time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Laamiri
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/LISIS, 5 Bd Descartes 77454, Champs-sur-Marne, France. .,Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications - LSAMA, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - G A Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48 - 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - L Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48 - 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A Ben Houria
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications - LSAMA, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - R Feifel
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Physics, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Hochlaf
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/LISIS, 5 Bd Descartes 77454, Champs-sur-Marne, France.
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9
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Michiels R, Abu-Samha M, Madsen LB, Binz M, Bangert U, Bruder L, Duim R, Wituschek A, LaForge AC, Squibb RJ, Feifel R, Callegari C, Di Fraia M, Danailov M, Manfredda M, Plekan O, Prince KC, Rebernik P, Zangrando M, Stienkemeier F, Mudrich M. Enhancement of Above Threshold Ionization in Resonantly Excited Helium Nanodroplets. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:093201. [PMID: 34506185 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.093201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Clusters and nanodroplets hold the promise of enhancing high-order nonlinear optical effects due to their high local density. However, only moderate enhancement has been demonstrated to date. Here, we report the observation of energetic electrons generated by above-threshold ionization (ATI) of helium (He) nanodroplets which are resonantly excited by ultrashort extreme ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser pulses and subsequently ionized by near-infrared (NIR) or near-ultraviolet (UV) pulses. The electron emission due to high-order ATI is enhanced by several orders of magnitude compared with He atoms. The crucial dependence of the ATI intensities with the number of excitations in the droplets suggests a local collective enhancement effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Michiels
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Abu-Samha
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait
| | - L B Madsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - M Binz
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - U Bangert
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - L Bruder
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - R Duim
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Wituschek
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A C LaForge
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Di Fraia
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Danailov
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Manfredda
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - O Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - K C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - P Rebernik
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Zangrando
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- IOM-CNR, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - F Stienkemeier
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Mudrich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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10
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Jarraya M, Wallner M, Nyman G, Yaghlane SB, Hochlaf M, Eland JHD, Feifel R. State selective fragmentation of doubly ionized sulphur dioxide. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17137. [PMID: 34429456 PMCID: PMC8384974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Using multi-electron–ion coincidence measurements combined with high level calculations, we show that double ionisation of SO2 at 40.81 eV can be state selective. It leads to high energy products, in good yield, via a newly identified mechanism, which is likely to apply widely to multiple ionisation by almost all impact processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jarraya
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/LISIS, 5 Bd Descartes, 77454, Champs sur Marne, France.,Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications - LSAMA, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M Wallner
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G Nyman
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Ben Yaghlane
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications - LSAMA, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M Hochlaf
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/LISIS, 5 Bd Descartes, 77454, Champs sur Marne, France.
| | - J H D Eland
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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11
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Koulentianos D, Carniato S, Püttner R, Martins JB, Travnikova O, Marchenko T, Journel L, Guillemin R, Ismail I, Céolin D, Piancastelli MN, Feifel R, Simon M. The O K -2V spectrum of CO: the influence of the second core-hole. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:10780-10790. [PMID: 33908498 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00607j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using synchrotron radiation in the tender X-ray regime, a photoelectron spectrum showing the formation of single site double-core-hole pre-edge states, involving the K shell of the O atom in CO, has been recorded by means of high-resolution electron spectroscopy. The experimentally observed structures have been simulated, interpreted and assigned, employing state-of-the-art ab initio quantum chemical calculations, on the basis of a theoretical model, accounting for their so-called direct or conjugate character. Features appearing above the double ionization threshold have been reproduced by taking into account the strong mixing between multi-excited and continuum states. The shift of the σ* resonance below the double ionization threshold, in combination with the non-negligible contributions of multi-excited configurations in the final states reached, gives rise to a series of avoided crossings between the different potential energy curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Koulentianos
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
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12
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Knoepfel T, Nimsgern P, Jacquier S, Bourrel M, Vangrevelinghe E, Glatthar R, Behnke D, Alper PB, Michellys PY, Deane J, Junt T, Zipfel G, Limonta S, Hawtin S, Andre C, Boulay T, Loetscher P, Faller M, Blank J, Feifel R, Betschart C. Target-Based Identification and Optimization of 5-Indazol-5-yl Pyridones as Toll-like Receptor 7 and 8 Antagonists Using a Biochemical TLR8 Antagonist Competition Assay. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8276-8295. [PMID: 32786235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inappropriate activation of endosomal TLR7 and TLR8 occurs in several autoimmune diseases, in particular systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, the development of a TLR8 antagonist competition assay and its application for hit generation of dual TLR7/8 antagonists are reported. The structure-guided optimization of the pyridone hit 3 using this biochemical assay in combination with cellular and TLR8 cocrystal structural data resulted in the identification of a highly potent and selective TLR7/8 antagonist (27) with in vivo efficacy. The two key steps for optimization were (i) a core morph guided by a TLR7 sequence alignment to achieve a dual TLR7/8 antagonism profile and (ii) introduction of a fluorine in the piperidine ring to reduce its basicity, resulting in attractive oral pharmacokinetic (PK) properties and improved TLR8 binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Phil B Alper
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Pierre-Yves Michellys
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jonathan Deane
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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13
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Nandi S, Plésiat E, Zhong S, Palacios A, Busto D, Isinger M, Neoričić L, Arnold CL, Squibb RJ, Feifel R, Decleva P, L’Huillier A, Martín F, Gisselbrecht M. Attosecond timing of electron emission from a molecular shape resonance. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaba7762. [PMID: 32789174 PMCID: PMC7399650 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba7762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Shape resonances in physics and chemistry arise from the spatial confinement of a particle by a potential barrier. In molecular photoionization, these barriers prevent the electron from escaping instantaneously, so that nuclei may move and modify the potential, thereby affecting the ionization process. By using an attosecond two-color interferometric approach in combination with high spectral resolution, we have captured the changes induced by the nuclear motion on the centrifugal barrier that sustains the well-known shape resonance in valence-ionized N2. We show that despite the nuclear motion altering the bond length by only 2%, which leads to tiny changes in the potential barrier, the corresponding change in the ionization time can be as large as 200 attoseconds. This result poses limits to the concept of instantaneous electronic transitions in molecules, which is at the basis of the Franck-Condon principle of molecular spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Nandi
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - E. Plésiat
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Zhong
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - A. Palacios
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Busto
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - M. Isinger
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - L. Neoričić
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - C. L. Arnold
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - R. J. Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - P. Decleva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universitá di Trieste and IOM-CNR, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A. L’Huillier
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - F. Martín
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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14
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Mainolfi N, Ehara T, Karki RG, Anderson K, Mac Sweeney A, Liao SM, Argikar UA, Jendza K, Zhang C, Powers J, Klosowski DW, Crowley M, Kawanami T, Ding J, April M, Forster C, Serrano-Wu M, Capparelli M, Ramqaj R, Solovay C, Cumin F, Smith TM, Ferrara L, Lee W, Long D, Prentiss M, De Erkenez A, Yang L, Liu F, Sellner H, Sirockin F, Valeur E, Erbel P, Ostermeier D, Ramage P, Gerhartz B, Schubart A, Flohr S, Gradoux N, Feifel R, Vogg B, Wiesmann C, Maibaum J, Eder J, Sedrani R, Harrison RA, Mogi M, Jaffee BD, Adams CM. Discovery of 4-((2 S,4 S)-4-Ethoxy-1-((5-methoxy-7-methyl-1 H-indol-4-yl)methyl)piperidin-2-yl)benzoic Acid (LNP023), a Factor B Inhibitor Specifically Designed To Be Applicable to Treating a Diverse Array of Complement Mediated Diseases. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5697-5722. [PMID: 32073845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The alternative pathway (AP) of the complement system is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of several human diseases including age-related macular degeneration, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), and various glomerular diseases. The serine protease factor B (FB) is a key node in the AP and is integral to the formation of C3 and C5 convertase. Despite the prominent role of FB in the AP, selective orally bioavailable inhibitors, beyond our own efforts, have not been reported previously. Herein we describe in more detail our efforts to identify FB inhibitors by high-throughput screening (HTS) and leveraging insights from several X-ray cocrystal structures during optimization efforts. This work culminated in the discovery of LNP023 (41), which is currently being evaluated clinically in several diverse AP mediated indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nello Mainolfi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Takeru Ehara
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rajeshri G Karki
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Karen Anderson
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Aengus Mac Sweeney
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sha-Mei Liao
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Upendra A Argikar
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Keith Jendza
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chun Zhang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - James Powers
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daniel W Klosowski
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Maura Crowley
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Toshio Kawanami
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jian Ding
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Myriam April
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Cornelia Forster
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael Serrano-Wu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael Capparelli
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rrezarta Ramqaj
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Solovay
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Frederic Cumin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Smith
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Luciana Ferrara
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Wendy Lee
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Debby Long
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Melissa Prentiss
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andrea De Erkenez
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Louis Yang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Fang Liu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Holger Sellner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Finton Sirockin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Valeur
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paulus Erbel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Ostermeier
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Ramage
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Gerhartz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna Schubart
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Flohr
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Gradoux
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Feifel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Vogg
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wiesmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Maibaum
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Eder
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard Sedrani
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard A Harrison
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Muneto Mogi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bruce D Jaffee
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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15
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Wallner M, Eland JHD, Squibb RJ, Andersson J, Roos AH, Singh R, Talaee O, Koulentianos D, Piancastelli MN, Simon M, Feifel R. Coulomb explosion of CD 3I induced by single photon deep inner-shell ionisation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1246. [PMID: 31988321 PMCID: PMC6985119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58251-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
L-shell ionisation and subsequent Coulomb explosion of fully deuterated methyl iodide, CD3I, irradiated with hard X-rays has been examined by a time-of-flight multi-ion coincidence technique. The core vacancies relax efficiently by Auger cascades, leading to charge states up to 16+. The dynamics of the Coulomb explosion process are investigated by calculating the ions’ flight times numerically based on a geometric model of the experimental apparatus, for comparison with the experimental data. A parametric model of the explosion, previously introduced for multi-photon induced Coulomb explosion, is applied in numerical simulations, giving good agreement with the experimental results for medium charge states. Deviations for higher charges suggest the need to include nuclear motion in a putatively more complete model. Detection efficiency corrections from the simulations are used to determine the true distributions of molecular charge states produced by initial L1, L2 and L3 ionisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wallner
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J H D Eland
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Andersson
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Hult Roos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Singh
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - O Talaee
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - D Koulentianos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005, Paris, Cedex 05, France
| | - M N Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005, Paris, Cedex 05, France.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Simon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005, Paris, Cedex 05, France.,Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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16
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Andersson J, Zagorodskikh S, Roos AH, Talaee O, Squibb RJ, Koulentianos D, Wallner M, Zhaunerchyk V, Singh R, Eland JHD, Rost JM, Feifel R. Parametrization of energy sharing distributions in direct double photoionization of He. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17883. [PMID: 31784628 PMCID: PMC6884530 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We present experimental results on the characteristic sharing of available excess energy, ranging from 11–221 eV, between two electrons in single-photon direct double ionization of He. An effective parametrization of the sharing distributions is presented along with an empirical model that describes the complete shape of the distribution based on a single experimentally determinable parameter. The measured total energy sharing distributions are separated into two distributions representing the shake-off and knock-out parts by simulating the sharing distribution curves expected from a pure wave collapse after a sudden removal of the primary electron. In this way, empirical knock-out distributions are extracted and both the shake-off and knock-out distributions are parametrized. These results suggest a simple method that can be applied to other atomic and molecular systems to experimentally study important aspects of the direct double ionization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Andersson
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Zagorodskikh
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A Hult Roos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - O Talaee
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D Koulentianos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005, Paris, Cedex 05, France
| | - M Wallner
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V Zhaunerchyk
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Singh
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - J H D Eland
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - J M Rost
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, D-01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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17
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Eland JHD, Feifel R. Triple ionization of HCl via states with a 2p core hole. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:114301. [PMID: 31542004 DOI: 10.1063/1.5115552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The triple ionization of HCl by double Auger decay and related processes has been studied using a multiparticle coincidence technique combined with synchrotron radiation. Four contributing processes are identified; direct double Auger, two indirect double Auger decay pathways, and single Auger decay from core-valence doubly ionized intermediate states. One indirect Auger process involves autoionization from superexcited states of Cl+. Double Auger decay from HCl+ (2p-1, 2PJ), which makes up 11% ± 2% of total Auger decay, is estimated to be 40% direct, 15% indirect via atomic Cl+* and 45% indirect via molecular intermediate doubly ionized states. The vertical triple ionization energy of HCl is determined as 73.8 ± 0.5 eV. Molecular field effects are found to affect the direct double Auger process as well as normal single Auger decay. A comparison between spectra of the HCl and DCl isotopomers indicates that electronic decay is faster in all the processes than molecular dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H D Eland
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Hult Roos A, Eland JHD, Andersson J, Wallner M, Squibb RJ, Feifel R. Relative extent of triple Auger decay in CO and CO2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9889-9894. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01415b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Systematic measurements on single and triple Auger decay in CO and CO2 after the creation of a C 1s or a O 1s core vacancy show that the percentage of triple Auger decay is on the order of 10−2 of the single Auger decay in these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Hult Roos
- Department of Physics
- University of Gothenburg
- 412 96 Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - J. H. D. Eland
- Department of Physics
- University of Gothenburg
- 412 96 Gothenburg
- Sweden
- Department of Chemistry
| | - J. Andersson
- Department of Physics
- University of Gothenburg
- 412 96 Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - M. Wallner
- Department of Physics
- University of Gothenburg
- 412 96 Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - R. J. Squibb
- Department of Physics
- University of Gothenburg
- 412 96 Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics
- University of Gothenburg
- 412 96 Gothenburg
- Sweden
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19
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Roos AH, Eland JHD, Andersson J, Squibb RJ, Feifel R. Dissociations of water ions after valence and inner-valence ionization. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:204307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5055593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Hult Roos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J. H. D. Eland
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - J. Andersson
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R. J. Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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20
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Koulentianos D, Carniato S, Püttner R, Goldsztejn G, Marchenko T, Travnikova O, Journel L, Guillemin R, Céolin D, Rocco MLM, Piancastelli MN, Feifel R, Simon M. Double-core-hole states in CH3CN: Pre-edge structures and chemical-shift contributions. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:134313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5047854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. Koulentianos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - S. Carniato
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - R. Püttner
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - G. Goldsztejn
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - T. Marchenko
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - O. Travnikova
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - L. Journel
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - R. Guillemin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - D. Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - M. L. M. Rocco
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - M. N. Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M. Simon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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21
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Velcicky J, Schlapbach A, Heng R, Revesz L, Pflieger D, Blum E, Hawtin S, Huppertz C, Feifel R, Hersperger R. Modulating ADME Properties by Fluorination: MK2 Inhibitors with Improved Oral Exposure. ACS Med Chem Lett 2018; 9:392-396. [PMID: 29670707 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MAP-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) plays an important role in the regulation of innate immune response as well as in cell survival upon DNA damage. Despite its potential for the treatment of inflammation and cancer, to date no MK2 low molecular weight inhibitors have reached the clinic, mainly due to inadequate absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. We describe here an approach based on specifically placed fluorine within a recently described pyrrole-based MK2 inhibitor scaffold for manipulation of its physicochemical and ADME properties. While preserving target potency, the novel fluoro-derivatives showed greatly improved permeability as well as enhanced solubility and reduced in vivo clearance leading to significantly increased oral exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Velcicky
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Achim Schlapbach
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard Heng
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laszlo Revesz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Pflieger
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Blum
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stuart Hawtin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Roland Feifel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rene Hersperger
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Roos AH, Eland JHD, Andersson J, Zagorodskikh S, Singh R, Squibb RJ, Feifel R. Relative extent of double and single Auger decay in molecules containing C, N and O atoms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:25705-25710. [PMID: 27711372 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02414a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We show that the proportion of double Auger decay following creation of single 1s core holes in molecules containing C, N and O atoms is greater than usually assumed, amounting to about 10% of single Auger decay in many cases. It varies from molecule to molecule, where the size of the molecule has a positive correlation to the amount of double Auger decay. In neon, examined as a related benchmark, the proportion of double Auger decay is similar to that in methane, and is in the order of 5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hult Roos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - J H D Eland
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden. and Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - J Andersson
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - S Zagorodskikh
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden. and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Singh
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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23
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Velcicky J, Bodendorf U, Rigollier P, Epple R, Beisner DR, Guerini D, Smith P, Liu B, Feifel R, Wipfli P, Aichholz R, Couttet P, Dix I, Widmer T, Wen B, Brandl T. Discovery of the First Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Signal Peptide Peptidase-Like 2a (SPPL2a) Inhibitor Displaying Pronounced Immunomodulatory Effects In Vivo. J Med Chem 2018; 61:865-880. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Robert Epple
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Daniel R. Beisner
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | | | - Bo Liu
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Toni Widmer
- Chemical
and Pharmaceutical Profiling, Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ben Wen
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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24
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Squibb RJ, Sapunar M, Ponzi A, Richter R, Kivimäki A, Plekan O, Finetti P, Sisourat N, Zhaunerchyk V, Marchenko T, Journel L, Guillemin R, Cucini R, Coreno M, Grazioli C, Di Fraia M, Callegari C, Prince KC, Decleva P, Simon M, Eland JHD, Došlić N, Feifel R, Piancastelli MN. Acetylacetone photodynamics at a seeded free-electron laser. Nat Commun 2018; 9:63. [PMID: 29302026 PMCID: PMC5754354 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02478-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The first steps in photochemical processes, such as photosynthesis or animal vision, involve changes in electronic and geometric structure on extremely short time scales. Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy is a natural way to measure such changes, but has been hindered hitherto by limitations of available pulsed light sources in the vacuum-ultraviolet and soft X-ray spectral region, which have insufficient resolution in time and energy simultaneously. The unique combination of intensity, energy resolution, and femtosecond pulse duration of the FERMI-seeded free-electron laser can now provide exceptionally detailed information on photoexcitation–deexcitation and fragmentation in pump-probe experiments on the 50-femtosecond time scale. For the prototypical system acetylacetone we report here electron spectra measured as a function of time delay with enough spectral and time resolution to follow several photoexcited species through well-characterized individual steps, interpreted using state-of-the-art static and dynamics calculations. These results open the way for investigations of photochemical processes in unprecedented detail. The first steps in photochemical processes involve changes in electronic and geometric structure on extremely short timescales. Here, the authors report femtosecond dynamics in prototypical acetylacetone, by pump-probe photoexcitation-photoemission experiments and static and dynamics calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Sapunar
- Institut Ruđer Bošković, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Ponzi
- Institut Ruđer Bošković, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R Richter
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Kivimäki
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Officina dei Materiali, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - O Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - P Finetti
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - N Sisourat
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - V Zhaunerchyk
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - T Marchenko
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - L Journel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - R Guillemin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - R Cucini
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Coreno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Struttura della Materia, LD2 unit, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Grazioli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Struttura della Materia, LD2 unit, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Di Fraia
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Struttura della Materia, LD2 unit, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Struttura della Materia, LD2 unit, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - K C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.,Molecular Model Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - P Decleva
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Officina dei Materiali, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universitá di Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Simon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - J H D Eland
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - N Došlić
- Institut Ruđer Bošković, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M N Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France. .,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.
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25
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Koulentianos D, Püttner R, Goldsztejn G, Marchenko T, Travnikova O, Journel L, Guillemin R, Céolin D, Piancastelli MN, Simon M, Feifel R. KL double core hole pre-edge states of HCl. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:2724-2730. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of double core hole pre-edge states of the form 1s−12p−1(1,3P)σ*,n for HCl, located on the binding energy scale as deep as 3 keV, has been investigated by means of a high resolution single channel electron spectroscopy technique recently developed for the hard X-ray region.
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26
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Isinger M, Squibb RJ, Busto D, Zhong S, Harth A, Kroon D, Nandi S, Arnold CL, Miranda M, Dahlström JM, Lindroth E, Feifel R, Gisselbrecht M, L’Huillier A. Photoionization in the time and frequency domain. Science 2017; 358:893-896. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aao7043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast processes in matter, such as the electron emission after light absorption, can now be studied using ultrashort light pulses of attosecond duration (10−18 seconds) in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range. The lack of spectral resolution due to the use of short light pulses has raised issues in the interpretation of the experimental results and the comparison with theoretical calculations. We determine photoionization time delays in neon atoms over a 40–electron volt energy range with an interferometric technique combining high temporal and spectral resolution. We spectrally disentangle direct ionization from ionization with shake-up, in which a second electron is left in an excited state, and obtain excellent agreement with theoretical calculations, thereby solving a puzzle raised by 7-year-old measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Isinger
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
| | - R. J. Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-41 296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - D. Busto
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
| | - S. Zhong
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
| | - A. Harth
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
| | - D. Kroon
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
| | - S. Nandi
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
| | - C. L. Arnold
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
| | - M. Miranda
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J. M. Dahlström
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E. Lindroth
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-41 296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M. Gisselbrecht
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
| | - A. L’Huillier
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden
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27
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Feifel R, Eland JHD, Carniato S, Selles P, Püttner R, Koulentianos D, Marchenko T, Journel L, Guillemin R, Goldsztejn G, Travnikova O, Ismail I, Miranda BCD, Lago AF, Céolin D, Lablanquie P, Penent F, Piancastelli MN, Simon M. Cationic double K-hole pre-edge states of CS 2 and SF 6. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13317. [PMID: 29042664 PMCID: PMC5645408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in X-ray instrumentation have made it possible to measure the spectra of an essentially unexplored class of electronic states associated with double inner-shell vacancies. Using the technique of single electron spectroscopy, spectra of states in CS2 and SF6 with a double hole in the K-shell and one electron exited to a normally unoccupied orbital have been obtained. The spectra are interpreted with the aid of a high-level theoretical model giving excellent agreement with the experiment. The results shed new light on the important distinction between direct and conjugate shake-up in a molecular context. In particular, systematic similarities and differences between pre-edge states near single core holes investigated in X-ray absorption spectra and the corresponding states near double core holes studied here are brought out.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - J H D Eland
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - S Carniato
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - P Selles
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - R Püttner
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Koulentianos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - T Marchenko
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France.,Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - L Journel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France.,Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - R Guillemin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France.,Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - G Goldsztejn
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France.,Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - O Travnikova
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France.,Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - I Ismail
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - B Cunha de Miranda
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - A F Lago
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - D Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - P Lablanquie
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - F Penent
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - M N Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Simon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France.,Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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28
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Miltz W, Velcicky J, Dawson J, Littlewood-Evans A, Ludwig MG, Seuwen K, Feifel R, Oberhauser B, Meyer A, Gabriel D, Nash M, Loetscher P. Design and synthesis of potent and orally active GPR4 antagonists with modulatory effects on nociception, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4512-4525. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Hult Roos A, Eland J, Koulentianos D, Squibb R, Karlsson L, Feifel R. Valence double ionization electron spectra of CH 3 F, CH 3 Cl and CH 3 I. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Wolf TJA, Myhre RH, Cryan JP, Coriani S, Squibb RJ, Battistoni A, Berrah N, Bostedt C, Bucksbaum P, Coslovich G, Feifel R, Gaffney KJ, Grilj J, Martinez TJ, Miyabe S, Moeller SP, Mucke M, Natan A, Obaid R, Osipov T, Plekan O, Wang S, Koch H, Gühr M. Probing ultrafast ππ*/nπ* internal conversion in organic chromophores via K-edge resonant absorption. Nat Commun 2017; 8:29. [PMID: 28642477 PMCID: PMC5481431 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Many photoinduced processes including photosynthesis and human vision happen in organic molecules and involve coupled femtosecond dynamics of nuclei and electrons. Organic molecules with heteroatoms often possess an important excited-state relaxation channel from an optically allowed ππ* to a dark nπ* state. The ππ*/nπ* internal conversion is difficult to investigate, as most spectroscopic methods are not exclusively sensitive to changes in the excited-state electronic structure. Here, we report achieving the required sensitivity by exploiting the element and site specificity of near-edge soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy. As a hole forms in the n orbital during ππ*/nπ* internal conversion, the absorption spectrum at the heteroatom K-edge exhibits an additional resonance. We demonstrate the concept using the nucleobase thymine at the oxygen K-edge, and unambiguously show that ππ*/nπ* internal conversion takes place within (60 ± 30) fs. High-level-coupled cluster calculations confirm the method's impressive electronic structure sensitivity for excited-state investigations.Many photo-induced processes such as photosynthesis occur in organic molecules, but their femtosecond excited-state dynamics are difficult to track. Here, the authors exploit the element and site selectivity of soft X-ray absorption to sensitively follow the ultrafast ππ*/nπ* electronic relaxation of hetero-organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J A Wolf
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - R H Myhre
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - J P Cryan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - S Coriani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, Trieste, IT-34127, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Battistoni
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, 2152 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - C Bostedt
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - P Bucksbaum
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - G Coslovich
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K J Gaffney
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - J Grilj
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Federal de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - T J Martinez
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - S Miyabe
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Laser Technology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - S P Moeller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - M Mucke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A Natan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - R Obaid
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, 2152 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - T Osipov
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - O Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 AREA Science Park, IT-34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Wang
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - H Koch
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - M Gühr
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24/25, DE-14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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31
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Sanchez-Gonzalez A, Micaelli P, Olivier C, Barillot TR, Ilchen M, Lutman AA, Marinelli A, Maxwell T, Achner A, Agåker M, Berrah N, Bostedt C, Bozek JD, Buck J, Bucksbaum PH, Montero SC, Cooper B, Cryan JP, Dong M, Feifel R, Frasinski LJ, Fukuzawa H, Galler A, Hartmann G, Hartmann N, Helml W, Johnson AS, Knie A, Lindahl AO, Liu J, Motomura K, Mucke M, O'Grady C, Rubensson JE, Simpson ER, Squibb RJ, Såthe C, Ueda K, Vacher M, Walke DJ, Zhaunerchyk V, Coffee RN, Marangos JP. Accurate prediction of X-ray pulse properties from a free-electron laser using machine learning. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15461. [PMID: 28580940 PMCID: PMC5465316 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-electron lasers providing ultra-short high-brightness pulses of X-ray radiation have great potential for a wide impact on science, and are a critical element for unravelling the structural dynamics of matter. To fully harness this potential, we must accurately know the X-ray properties: intensity, spectrum and temporal profile. Owing to the inherent fluctuations in free-electron lasers, this mandates a full characterization of the properties for each and every pulse. While diagnostics of these properties exist, they are often invasive and many cannot operate at a high-repetition rate. Here, we present a technique for circumventing this limitation. Employing a machine learning strategy, we can accurately predict X-ray properties for every shot using only parameters that are easily recorded at high-repetition rate, by training a model on a small set of fully diagnosed pulses. This opens the door to fully realizing the promise of next-generation high-repetition rate X-ray lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Micaelli
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - C Olivier
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - T R Barillot
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - M Ilchen
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A A Lutman
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Marinelli
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T Maxwell
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Achner
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M Agåker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, 2152 Hillside Road, U-3046, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Bostedt
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J D Bozek
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Buck
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - P H Bucksbaum
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - S Carron Montero
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Department of Physics, California Lutheran University, 60 West Olsen Road, Thousand Oaks, California 91360, USA
| | - B Cooper
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - J P Cryan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Dong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L J Frasinski
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - H Fukuzawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - A Galler
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - G Hartmann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - N Hartmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W Helml
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Physics Department E11, TU Munich, James-Franck-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A S Johnson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - A Knie
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A O Lindahl
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Liu
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - K Motomura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - M Mucke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - C O'Grady
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J-E Rubensson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - E R Simpson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Såthe
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - M Vacher
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Department of Chemistry-Ångtröm, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - D J Walke
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - V Zhaunerchyk
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R N Coffee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J P Marangos
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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32
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Velcicky J, Miltz W, Oberhauser B, Orain D, Vaupel A, Weigand K, Dawson King J, Littlewood-Evans A, Nash M, Feifel R, Loetscher P. Development of Selective, Orally Active GPR4 Antagonists with Modulatory Effects on Nociception, Inflammation, and Angiogenesis. J Med Chem 2017; 60:3672-3683. [PMID: 28445047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel, selective, and efficacious GPR4 antagonist 13 was developed starting from lead compound 1a. While compound 1a showed promising efficacy in several disease models, its binding to a H3 receptor as well as a hERG channel prevented it from further development. Therefore, a new round of optimization addressing the key liabilities was performed and led to discovery of compound 13 with an improved profile. Compound 13 showed significant efficacy in the rat antigen induced arthritis as well as in the hyperalgesia and angiogenesis model at a well-tolerated dose of 30 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Velcicky
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Miltz
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Berndt Oberhauser
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Orain
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Vaupel
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Weigand
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janet Dawson King
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Littlewood-Evans
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Nash
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Feifel
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pius Loetscher
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Valiev
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Optics and Spectroscopy, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
- Department of General Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050, Russan Federation
| | - J. H. D. Eland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H. Ågren
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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Goldsztejn G, Marchenko T, Püttner R, Journel L, Guillemin R, Carniato S, Selles P, Travnikova O, Céolin D, Lago AF, Feifel R, Lablanquie P, Piancastelli MN, Penent F, Simon M. Double-Core-Hole States in Neon: Lifetime, Post-Collision Interaction, and Spectral Assignment. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:133001. [PMID: 27715102 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.133001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using synchrotron radiation and high-resolution electron spectroscopy, we have directly observed and identified specific photoelectrons from K^{-2}V states in neon corresponding to simultaneous 1s ionization and 1s→valence excitation. The natural lifetime broadening of the K^{-2}V states and the relative intensities of different types of shakeup channels have been determined experimentally and compared to ab initio calculations. Moreover, the high-energy Auger spectrum resulting from the decay of Ne^{2+}K^{-2} and Ne^{+}K^{-2}V states as well as from participator Auger decay from Ne^{+}K^{-1}L^{-1}V states, has been measured and assigned in detail utilizing the characteristic differences in lifetime broadenings of these core hole states. Furthermore, post collision interaction broadening of Auger peaks is clearly observed only in the hypersatellite spectrum from K^{-2} states, due to the energy sharing between the two 1s photoelectrons which favors the emission of one slow and one fast electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Goldsztejn
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - T Marchenko
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - R Püttner
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Journel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - R Guillemin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - S Carniato
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - P Selles
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - O Travnikova
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - D Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A F Lago
- Centro de Ciéncias Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Rua Santa Adélia 166, 09210-170 Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Lablanquie
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - M N Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F Penent
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - M Simon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Eland JHD, Singh R, Pickering JD, Slater CS, Hult Roos A, Andersson J, Zagorodskikh S, Squibb RJ, Brouard M, Feifel R. Dissociation of multiply charged ICN by Coulomb explosion. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:074303. [PMID: 27544101 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fragmentations of iodine cyanide ions created with 2 to 8 positive charges by photoionization from inner shells with binding energies from 59 eV (I 4d) to ca. 900 eV (I 3p) have been examined by multi-electron and multi-ion coincidence spectroscopy with velocity map imaging ion capability. The charge distributions produced by hole formation in each shell are characterised and systematic effects of the number of charges and of initial charge localisation are found.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H D Eland
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - R Singh
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J D Pickering
- Department of Chemistry, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - C S Slater
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Hult Roos
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Andersson
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Zagorodskikh
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Brouard
- Department of Chemistry, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Hoegenauer K, Soldermann N, Stauffer F, Furet P, Graveleau N, Smith AB, Hebach C, Hollingworth GJ, Lewis I, Gutmann S, Rummel G, Knapp M, Wolf RM, Blanz J, Feifel R, Burkhart C, Zécri F. Discovery and Pharmacological Characterization of Novel Quinazoline-Based PI3K Delta-Selective Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:762-7. [PMID: 27563400 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the lipid kinase PI3Kδ is a promising principle to treat B and T cell driven inflammatory diseases. Using a scaffold deconstruction-reconstruction strategy, we identified 4-aryl quinazolines that were optimized into potent PI3Kδ isoform selective analogues with good pharmacokinetic properties. With compound 11, we illustrate that biochemical PI3Kδ inhibition translates into modulation of isoform-dependent immune cell function (human, rat, and mouse). After oral administration of compound 11 to rats, proximal PD markers are inhibited, and dose-dependent efficacy in a mechanistic plaque forming cell assay could be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Knapp
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 5300 Chiron Way, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
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Eland J, Plogmaker S, Lablanquie P, Penent F, Palaudoux J, Nicolas C, Robert E, Miron C, Feifel R. Wide range double photoionisation spectra of N2 and CO2. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zagorodskikh S, Vapa M, Vahtras O, Zhaunerchyk V, Mucke M, Eland JHD, Squibb RJ, Linusson P, Jänkälä K, Ågren H, Feifel R. An experimental and theoretical study of core-valence double ionisation of acetaldehyde (ethanal). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:2535-47. [PMID: 26700657 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05758b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Core-valence double ionisation spectra of acetaldehyde (ethanal) are presented at photon energies above the carbon and oxygen 1s ionisation edges, measured by a versatile multi-electron coincidence spectroscopy technique. We use this molecule as a testbed for analyzing core-valence spectra by means of quantum chemical calculations of transition energies. These theoretical approaches range from two simple models, one based on orbital energies corrected by core valence interaction and one based on the equivalent core approximation, to a systematic series of quantum chemical electronic structure methods of increasing sophistication. The two simple models are found to provide a fast orbital interpretation of the spectra, in particular in the low energy parts, while the coverage of the full spectrum is best fulfilled by correlated models. CASPT2 is the most sophisticated model applied, but considering precision as well as computational costs, the single and double excitation configuration interaction model seems to provide the best option to analyze core-valence double hole spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zagorodskikh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden and Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - M Vapa
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden and Centre for Molecular Materials Research, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - O Vahtras
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V Zhaunerchyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden and Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - M Mucke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J H D Eland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden and Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - R J Squibb
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden and Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - P Linusson
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Jänkälä
- Department of Physics, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - H Ågren
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Feifel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden and Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Zagorodskikh S, Zhaunerchyk V, Mucke M, Eland J, Squibb R, Karlsson L, Linusson P, Feifel R. Single-photon double and triple ionization of acetaldehyde (ethanal) studied by multi-electron coincidence spectroscopy. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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40
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Schalk O, Stenrup M, Geng T, Lindh R, Thomas RD, Feifel R, Hansson T. Influence of Alkoxy Groups on the Photoinduced Dynamics of Organic Molecules Exemplified on Alkyl Vinyl Ethers. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11105-12. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Schalk
- Department
of Chemical Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - T. Geng
- Department
of Chemical Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - R. D. Thomas
- Department
of Chemical Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R. Feifel
- Department
of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - T. Hansson
- Department
of Chemical Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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41
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Rohringer N, Kimberg V, Weninger C, Sanchez-Gonzalez A, Lutman A, Maxwell T, Bostedt C, Carron Monterro S, Lindahl AO, Ilchen M, Coffee RN, Bozek JD, Krzywinski J, Kierspel T, Mullins T, Küpper J, Erk B, Rolles D, Mücke OD, London RA, Purvis M, Ryan D, Rocca JJ, Feifel R, Squibb R, Zhaunerchyk V, Såthe C, Agåker M, Mucke M, Nordgren J, Rubensson JE. Stimulated X-Ray Raman Scattering with Free-Electron Laser Sources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19521-6_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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42
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Žitnik M, Mihelič A, Bučar K, Kavčič M, Rubensson JE, Svanquist M, Söderström J, Feifel R, Såthe C, Ovcharenko Y, Lyamayev V, Mazza T, Meyer M, Simon M, Journel L, Lüning J, Plekan O, Coreno M, Devetta M, Di Fraia M, Finetti P, Richter R, Grazioli C, Prince KC, Callegari C. High resolution multiphoton spectroscopy by a tunable free-electron-laser light. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:193201. [PMID: 25415905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.193201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Seeded free electron lasers theoretically have the intensity, tunability, and resolution required for multiphoton spectroscopy of atomic and molecular species. Using the seeded free electron laser FERMI and a novel detection scheme, we have revealed the two-photon excitation spectra of dipole-forbidden doubly excited states in helium. The spectral profiles of the lowest (-1,0)(+1) (1)S(e) and (0,1)(0) (1)D(e) resonances display energy shifts in the meV range that depend on the pulse intensity. The results are explained by an effective two-level model based on calculated Rabi frequencies and decay rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Žitnik
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia and Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Mihelič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - K Bučar
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Kavčič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - J-E Rubensson
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Svanquist
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Söderström
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Feifel
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden and University of Gothenburg, Department of Physics, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Såthe
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Y Ovcharenko
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Eugene-Wigner-Building Hardenbergstrasse 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - V Lyamayev
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Strasse 3a, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - T Mazza
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Meyer
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Simon
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L Journel
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J Lüning
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - O Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Coreno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Devetta
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Di Fraia
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, I-34124 Trieste, Italy
| | - P Finetti
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - R Richter
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Grazioli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - K C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy and eChemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - C Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
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Hedin L, Tashiro M, Linusson P, Eland J, Ehara M, Ueda K, Zhaunerchyk V, Karlsson L, Feifel R. Single site double core level ionisation of OCS. Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Murphy BF, Osipov T, Jurek Z, Fang L, Son SK, Mucke M, Eland JHD, Zhaunerchyk V, Feifel R, Avaldi L, Bolognesi P, Bostedt C, Bozek JD, Grilj J, Guehr M, Frasinski LJ, Glownia J, Ha DT, Hoffmann K, Kukk E, McFarland BK, Miron C, Sistrunk E, Squibb RJ, Ueda K, Santra R, Berrah N. Femtosecond X-ray-induced explosion of C60 at extreme intensity. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4281. [PMID: 24969734 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding molecular femtosecond dynamics under intense X-ray exposure is critical to progress in biomolecular imaging and matter under extreme conditions. Imaging viruses and proteins at an atomic spatial scale and on the time scale of atomic motion requires rigorous, quantitative understanding of dynamical effects of intense X-ray exposure. Here we present an experimental and theoretical study of C60 molecules interacting with intense X-ray pulses from a free-electron laser, revealing the influence of processes not previously reported. Our work illustrates the successful use of classical mechanics to describe all moving particles in C60, an approach that scales well to larger systems, for example, biomolecules. Comparisons of the model with experimental data on C60 ion fragmentation show excellent agreement under a variety of laser conditions. The results indicate that this modelling is applicable for X-ray interactions with any extended system, even at higher X-ray dose rates expected with future light sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Murphy
- 1] Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA [2]
| | - T Osipov
- 1] Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA [2]
| | - Z Jurek
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3]
| | - L Fang
- Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
| | - S-K Son
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Mucke
- Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J H D Eland
- 1] Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden [2] Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - V Zhaunerchyk
- Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Feifel
- Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Avaldi
- Instituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi, C.N.R., Rome 00133, Italy
| | - P Bolognesi
- Instituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi, C.N.R., Rome 00133, Italy
| | - C Bostedt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J D Bozek
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Grilj
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Guehr
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L J Frasinski
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - J Glownia
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D T Ha
- Department of Physics, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - K Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - E Kukk
- Department of Physics, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - B K McFarland
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C Miron
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Sistrunk
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R J Squibb
- 1] Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden [2] Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - K Ueda
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - R Santra
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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McFarland BK, Farrell JP, Miyabe S, Tarantelli F, Aguilar A, Berrah N, Bostedt C, Bozek JD, Bucksbaum PH, Castagna JC, Coffee RN, Cryan JP, Fang L, Feifel R, Gaffney KJ, Glownia JM, Martinez TJ, Mucke M, Murphy B, Natan A, Osipov T, Petrović VS, Schorb S, Schultz T, Spector LS, Swiggers M, Tenney I, Wang S, White JL, White W, Gühr M. Ultrafast X-ray Auger probing of photoexcited molecular dynamics. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4235. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Eland JHD, Zagorodskikh S, Squibb RJ, Mucke M, Sorensen SL, Feifel R. Carbon dioxide ion dissociations after inner shell excitation and ionization: The origin of site-specific effects. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:184305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4872218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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McFarland BK, Berrah N, Bostedt C, Bozek J, Bucksbaum PH, Castagna JC, Coffee RN, Cryan JP, Fang L, Farrell JP, Feifel R, Gaffney KJ, Glownia JM, Martinez TJ, Miyabe S, Mucke M, Murphy B, Natan A, Osipov T, Petrovic VS, Schorb S, Schultz T, Spector LS, Swiggers M, Tarantelli F, Tenney I, Wang S, White JL, White W, Gühr M. Experimental strategies for optical pump – soft x-ray probe experiments at the LCLS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/488/1/012015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hedin L, Tashiro M, Linusson P, Eland JHD, Ehara M, Ueda K, Zhaunerchyk V, Karlsson L, Pernestål K, Feifel R. N1s and O1s double ionization of the NO and N2O molecules. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:044309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4853655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Frasinski LJ, Zhaunerchyk V, Mucke M, Squibb RJ, Siano M, Eland JHD, Linusson P, v d Meulen P, Salén P, Thomas RD, Larsson M, Foucar L, Ullrich J, Motomura K, Mondal S, Ueda K, Osipov T, Fang L, Murphy BF, Berrah N, Bostedt C, Bozek JD, Schorb S, Messerschmidt M, Glownia JM, Cryan JP, Coffee RN, Takahashi O, Wada S, Piancastelli MN, Richter R, Prince KC, Feifel R. Dynamics of hollow atom formation in intense x-ray pulses probed by partial covariance mapping. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:073002. [PMID: 23992061 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.073002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
When exposed to ultraintense x-radiation sources such as free electron lasers (FELs) the innermost electronic shell can efficiently be emptied, creating a transient hollow atom or molecule. Understanding the femtosecond dynamics of such systems is fundamental to achieving atomic resolution in flash diffraction imaging of noncrystallized complex biological samples. We demonstrate the capacity of a correlation method called "partial covariance mapping" to probe the electron dynamics of neon atoms exposed to intense 8 fs pulses of 1062 eV photons. A complete picture of ionization processes competing in hollow atom formation and decay is visualized with unprecedented ease and the map reveals hitherto unobserved nonlinear sequences of photoionization and Auger events. The technique is particularly well suited to the high counting rate inherent in FEL experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Frasinski
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Fukuzawa H, Son SK, Motomura K, Mondal S, Nagaya K, Wada S, Liu XJ, Feifel R, Tachibana T, Ito Y, Kimura M, Sakai T, Matsunami K, Hayashita H, Kajikawa J, Johnsson P, Siano M, Kukk E, Rudek B, Erk B, Foucar L, Robert E, Miron C, Tono K, Inubushi Y, Hatsui T, Yabashi M, Yao M, Santra R, Ueda K. Deep inner-shell multiphoton ionization by intense x-ray free-electron laser pulses. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:173005. [PMID: 23679721 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.173005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated multiphoton multiple ionization dynamics of xenon atoms using a new x-ray free-electron laser facility, SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA) in Japan, and identified that Xe(n+) with n up to 26 is produced at a photon energy of 5.5 keV. The observed high charge states (n≥24) are produced via five-photon absorption, evidencing the occurrence of multiphoton absorption involving deep inner shells. A newly developed theoretical model, which shows good agreement with the experiment, elucidates the complex pathways of sequential electronic decay cascades accessible in heavy atoms. The present study of heavy-atom ionization dynamics in high-intensity hard-x-ray pulses makes a step forward towards molecular structure determination with x-ray free-electron lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fukuzawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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