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Chen S, Xu D, Huang R, Lin Y, Li L. Correlation of BARD1 gene polymorphisms with risk of neuroblastoma: a meta-analysis. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38619196 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2336215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BRCA1-associated RING domain protein 1 (BARD1) gene polymorphisms may be associated with neuroblastoma (NB) susceptibility. However, the results remain controversial. Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases up to March 5, 2023. The strength of the association between BARD1 polymorphisms and susceptibility of NB was assessed by calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) through the fixed- or random-effects model. Eight articles involving 12 studies were finally included. We found that rs6435862 T > G, rs3768716 A > G, rs17487792 C > T and rs7587476 C > T variant increase the risk of NB in allelic, dominant, recessive, homozygous and heterozygous genetic models, while rs7585356 G > A variant appeared protective against NB. When stratified by ethnicity, subgroup analysis indicated that the above association remained significant in Caucasian populations in all genetic models, except for rs7585356G > A polymorphism in Asians. In Asian populations, we found the similar results in the allelic and dominant model of rs6435862 T > G, rs3768716 A > G, rs17487792 C > T and rs7587476 C > T as in Caucasians, while there lacked a significant association in the other three model. In addition, rs7585356 G > A was not associated with an increased risk of NB in the Asian population. After Bonferroni correction, significant associations for rs7585356 G > A disappeared in both Asian and Caucasian populations, with no significant association found for rs7587476 in the allelic and dominant models among Asians. BARD1 polymorphisms might be significantly associated with NB susceptibility. It is crucial that these finding should be further confirmed through extensive and well-planned studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Chen
- Department of Laboratory, Fuzhou Second General Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Di Xu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Rongdong Huang
- Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lizhi Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Huang R, Liu X, Xie F, Li J, Tang Z, Wu Y, Zhou P, Zhang D. Safety and Immunogenicity of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) in Hypertensive and/or Diabetic People Aged over 60 Years: A Prospective Open-Label Study. Diabetes Ther 2023; 14:139-151. [PMID: 36437418 PMCID: PMC9702925 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-022-01343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection may increase the risk of developing dangerous symptoms among the elderly with underlying medical conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine (Vero) in patients over 60 years of age with hypertension and/or diabetes. METHODS An open-label, multi-center, prospective clinical trial was conducted at three medical sites in Fujian, China. Participants aged 60 years and above with hypertension, diabetes, and healthy controls were included in four groups: hypertension, diabetes, combined disease, and healthy controls. Volunteers received two doses of the inactivated SARS-COV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) on days 0 and 21. Adverse events were recorded for 21 days after each dose. Blood samples were taken before the first vaccination and 28 days after the second vaccination to detect the serum conversion rate and geometric mean titer (GMT) of neutralizing antibodies. RESULTS A total of 480 participants (110 hypertension, 110 diabetes, 100 combined hypertension and diabetes, and 160 healthy controls) were recruited. The incidences of adverse events in the four groups were 10 (9.1%) in the hypertension group, 19 (17.3%) in the diabetes group, 11 (11.0%) in the combined disease group, and 11 (6.9%) in healthy controls, with no statistical significance (P > 0.05). At 28 days after the second vaccination, the positive conversion rates of serum neutralizing antibody in the four groups were 97.3%(107/110), 97.3% (107/110), 100.0% (99/99),and 98.7%(155/157), respectively, and the GMTs were 75.28 (95% CI 64.03-88.50), 69.4 (95% CI 59-81.63), 77.21 (95% CI 66.68-89.41), and 78.64 (95% CI 69.87-88.50), respectively. There was no significant difference in neutralizing antibody responses among the four groups (P > 0.05). Additionally, the GMT after immunization was higher in females than in males (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.31-5.12). CONCLUSIONS The BBIBP-CorV vaccine is safe and elicits an adequate antibody response in patients over 60 years of age with hypertension and/or diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT05065879.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongdong Huang
- Department of Vaccine Clinical Research Center, Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 386 Chong'an Rd, Fuzhou, 350012, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- China National Biotech Group Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Fangqin Xie
- Department of Vaccine Clinical Research Center, Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 386 Chong'an Rd, Fuzhou, 350012, China
| | - Junrong Li
- Department of Vaccine Clinical Research Center, Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 386 Chong'an Rd, Fuzhou, 350012, China
| | - Zhangbin Tang
- Nan'an County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Yong'an County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sanming, China
| | - Peicong Zhou
- Youxi County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sanming, China
| | - Dongjuan Zhang
- Department of Vaccine Clinical Research Center, Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 386 Chong'an Rd, Fuzhou, 350012, China.
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Zhang Y, Chen H, Lv J, Huang T, Zhang R, Zhang D, Luo L, Wei S, Liu X, Zhang S, Mu Q, Huang R, Huang J, Xiao Y, Yang Y, Han Y, Gong H, Guan Q, Xie F, Wang H, Li L, Yang X. Evaluation of Immunogenicity and Safety of Vero Cell-Derived Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in Older Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10071020. [PMID: 35891184 PMCID: PMC9315836 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cell), inactivated, in a population aged ≥60 years with hypertension or(/and) diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 1440 participants were enrolled and divided into four groups, 330 in the hypertension group, 330 in the diabetes group, 300 in the hypertensive combined with diabetes group (combined disease group), and 480 in the healthy population group. Two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cell), inactivated, were administered at a 21-day interval and blood samples were collected before vaccination and 28 days after the second dose to evaluate the immunogenicity. The adverse events and changes in blood pressure and blood glucose levels after vaccination were recorded. Results: The seroconversion rate of the COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies was 100% for all participants. The post-inoculation geometric mean titer (GMT) in the four groups of the hypertension, diabetes, combined disease, and healthy populations were 73.41, 69.93, 73.84, and 74.86, respectively. The seroconversion rates and post-vaccination GMT in the hypertension, diabetes, and combined disease groups were non-inferior to the healthy population group. The rates of vaccine-related adverse reactions were 11.93%, 14.29%, 12.50%, and 9.38%, respectively. No serious adverse events were reported during the study. No apparent abnormal fluctuations in blood pressure and blood glucose values were observed after vaccination in participants with hypertension or(/and) diabetes. Conclusions: The COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cell), inactivated, showed good immunogenicity and safety in patients aged ≥60 years suffering from hypertension or(/and) diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Zhang
- China National Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Haiping Chen
- China National Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Jun Lv
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China; (T.H.); (S.Z.)
| | - Ruizhi Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China; (R.Z.); (Q.M.); (Q.G.)
| | - Dongjuan Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350012, China; (D.Z.); (R.H.); (F.X.)
| | - Linyun Luo
- China National Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Sheng Wei
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- China National Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Shangxiao Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China; (T.H.); (S.Z.)
| | - Qiuyue Mu
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China; (R.Z.); (Q.M.); (Q.G.)
| | - Rongdong Huang
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350012, China; (D.Z.); (R.H.); (F.X.)
| | - Jiao Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China;
| | - Yanhui Xiao
- China National Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yunkai Yang
- China National Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yuting Han
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Linli County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changde 415200, China;
| | - Qinghu Guan
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China; (R.Z.); (Q.M.); (Q.G.)
| | - Fangqin Xie
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350012, China; (D.Z.); (R.H.); (F.X.)
| | - Hui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China;
| | - Liming Li
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (X.Y.); Tel.: +86(10)-82801528 (L.L.); +86(10)-84663009 (X.Y.); Fax: +86(10)-82801528 (L.L.); +86(10)-84663009 (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- China National Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (X.Y.); Tel.: +86(10)-82801528 (L.L.); +86(10)-84663009 (X.Y.); Fax: +86(10)-82801528 (L.L.); +86(10)-84663009 (X.Y.)
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Huang R, Gan R, Zhang D, Xiao J. The comparative safety of human papillomavirus vaccines: A Bayesian network meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2021; 94:729-736. [PMID: 34453758 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The safety of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, one of the major challenges to public vaccination, has been controversial. This study assessed the adverse reactions of various HPV vaccines, including bivalent HPV (2vHPV), quadrivalent HPV (4vHPV), and 9-valent HPV (9vHPV) vaccines. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Central databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the comparative safety of HPV vaccines. A network meta-analysis was performed based on the Bayesian framework random-effects model. RESULTS This study included 23 RCTs. Analysis across these reports indicated that the 2vHPV vaccine was associated with significantly more systemic adverse events than the 4vHPV vaccine (risk ratio [RR]: 1.28, 95% credible interval [CrI]: 1.14-1.44), 9vHPV vaccine (RR: 1.25, 95% CrI: 1.06-1.49), and placebo (RR: 1.31, 95% CrI: 1.18-1.46). However, there were no statistically significant differences in serious adverse events between the vaccinated and placebo groups. For injection-site adverse events, there were substantial inconsistencies between the direct and indirect effects; therefore, the analysis results of the safety were presented only for systemic and serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The 2vHPV vaccine resulted in more systemic adverse events than other vaccines and placebo. No significant differences in serious adverse events were observed. Further studies are needed to obtain more information regarding the safety of HPV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongdong Huang
- Center for Vaccine Clinical Research, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruihuan Gan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongjuan Zhang
- Center for Vaccine Clinical Research, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Xiao
- Center for Vaccine Clinical Research, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
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5
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Peng XE, Wu YL, Zhu YB, Huang RD, Lu QQ, Lin X. Association of a Human FABP1 Gene Promoter Region Polymorphism with Altered Serum Triglyceride Levels. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139417. [PMID: 26439934 PMCID: PMC4595343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), also known as fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1), is a key regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism. Elevated FABP1 levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndromes. In this study, we examine the association of FABP1 gene promoter variants with serum FABP1 and lipid levels in a Chinese population. Four promoter single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FABP1 gene were genotyped in a cross-sectional survey of healthy volunteers (n = 1,182) from Fuzhou city of China. Results showed that only the rs2919872 G>A variant was significantly associated with serum TG concentration(P = 0.032).Compared with the rs2919872 G allele, rs2919872 A allele contributed significantly to reduced serum TG concentration, and this allele dramatically decreased the FABP1 promoter activity(P < 0.05). The rs2919872 A allele carriers had considerably lower serum FABP1 levels than G allele carriers (P < 0.01). In the multivariable linear regression analysis, the rs2919872 A allele was negatively associated with serum FABP1 levels (β = —0.320, P = 0.003), while serum TG levels were positively associated with serum FABP1 levels (β = 0.487, P = 0.014). Our data suggest that compared with the rs2919872 G allele, the rs2919872 A allele reduces the transcriptional activity of FABP1 promoter, and thereby may link FABP1 gene variation to TG level in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-E Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yun-Li Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi-bing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rong-dong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qing Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Dai M, Bao YP, Li N, Clifford GM, Vaccarella S, Snijders PJF, Huang RD, Sun LX, Meijer CJLM, Qiao YL, Franceschi S. Human papillomavirus infection in Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China: a population-based study. Br J Cancer 2006; 95:96-101. [PMID: 16773069 PMCID: PMC2360486 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of, and risk factors for, cervical infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) in the rural province of Shanxi, People's Republic of China, which has relatively high cervical cancer mortality rates, we interviewed and obtained cervical cell samples from 662 women aged 15–59 years. A total of 24 different HPV types were identified using a GP5+/6+-based PCR assay able to detect 44 different HPV types. Human papillomavirus prevalence was 14.8% overall and 9.6% among women without cervical abnormalities (14.2 and 8.9%, respectively, age standardised to the world standard population). Multiple-type infections accounted for 30.6% of all infections. By far the most commonly found type was HPV16 (5.7% of all women and 38.8% of HPV-positive women), followed by HPV 58, 52, 33 and 18. Unlike most previous studies published, HPV prevalence was lower among women younger than 35 years (8.7%) than those older than 35 years (17.8%). High-risk HPV types predominated in all age groups. Although low-risk HPV types were rare in young women, they became more common with increasing age. 92.3% of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 were infected with high-risk HPV types, but none with low-risk types only. No significant difference in HPV positivity was observed by educational level, sexual habits, reproductive history or use of contraceptive methods in this rural low-income Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dai
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - Y P Bao
- Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 17, South Pan Jia Yuan LN, PO Box 2258, Beijing 100021, China
| | - N Li
- Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 17, South Pan Jia Yuan LN, PO Box 2258, Beijing 100021, China
| | - G M Clifford
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - S Vaccarella
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - P J F Snijders
- Vrije University Medical Center, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R D Huang
- Yangcheng Tumor Hospital, 4 Qiaodong Road, Yangcheng 048100, Shanxi, China
| | - L X Sun
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Shanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital, 3 Zhigongxincun, Taiyuan 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - C J L M Meijer
- Vrije University Medical Center, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y L Qiao
- Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 17, South Pan Jia Yuan LN, PO Box 2258, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 17, South Pan Jia Yuan LN, PO Box 2258, Beijing 100021, China. E-mail:
| | - S Franceschi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
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Chen KR, Huang RD, Wang JC, Chen YY. Relativistic electromagnetic ion cyclotron instabilities. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2005; 71:036410. [PMID: 15903591 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.71.036410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The relativistic instabilities of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves driven by MeV ions are analytically and numerically studied. As caused by wave magnetic field and in sharp contrast to the electrostatic case, interesting characteristics such as Alfve nic behavior and instability transition are discovered and illuminated in detail. The instabilities are reactive and are raised from the coupling of slow ions' first-order resonance and fast ions' second-order resonance, that is an essential extra mechanism due to relativistic effect. Because of the wave magnetic field, the nonresonant plasma dielectric is usually negative and large, that affects the instability conditions and scaling laws. A negative harmonic cyclotron frequency mismatch between the fast and slow ions is required for driving a cubic (and a coupled quadratic) instability; the cubic (square) root scaling of the peak growth rate makes the relativistic effect more important than classical mechanism, especially for low fast ion density and Lorentz factor being close to unity. For the cubic instability, there is a threshold (ceiling) on the slow ion temperature and density (the external magnetic field and the fast ion energy); the Alfve n velocity is required to be low. This Alfve nic behavior is interesting in physics and important for its applications. The case of fast protons in thermal deuterons is numerically studied and compared with the analytical results. When the slow ion temperature or density (the external magnetic field or the fast ion energy) is increased (reduced) to about twice (half) the threshold (ceiling), the same growth rate peak transits from the cubic instability to the coupled quadratic instability and a different cubic instability branch appears. The instability transition is an interesting new phenomenon for instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Chen
- Department of Physics and Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Belinson JL, Qiao YL, Pretorius RG, Zhang WH, Rong SD, Huang MN, Zhao FH, Wu LY, Ren SD, Huang RD, Washington MF, Pan QJ, Li L, Fife D. Shanxi Province cervical cancer screening study II: Self-sampling for high-risk human papillomavirus compared to direct sampling for human papillomavirus and liquid based cervical cytology. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2003; 13:819-26. [PMID: 14675319 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2003.13611.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of a new method for self-sampling for high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) with direct sampling and liquid based cervical cytology. In Shanxi Province, China, 8,497 women (ages 27-56) underwent a self-sample for HPV using a conical-shaped brush placed into the upper vagina and rotated. Three to sixteen months later the women were screened with liquid-based cytology and direct HPV tests. Subjects with any abnormal test underwent colposcopy and multiple biopsies. Mean age was 40.9 years. 4.4 percent of subjects had >or=CIN II, 26% a positive self-sample and 24% a positive direct test for HPV. The sensitivity for detection of >or=CIN II was 87.5% for self-sampling, and 96.8% for the direct test (P < 0.001). The specificity was 77.2% for the self-sample and 79.7% for the direct test. With an abnormal Pap defined as ASCUS or greater the sensitivity of the Pap for the detection of >CIN II was 88.3% and the specificity was 81.2%. We conclude that self-sampling for HPV is less sensitive for >CIN II than the direct test, but similar to liquid based cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Belinson
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
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Bi LH, Wang EB, Peng J, Huang RD, Xu L, Hu CW. Crystal structure and replacement reaction of coordinated water molecules of the heteropoly compounds of sandwich-type tungstoarsenates. Inorg Chem 2000; 39:671-9. [PMID: 11272560 DOI: 10.1021/ic990596v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Six new heteropoly compounds in the [M4(H2O)2(As2W15O56)2]16- series (M = CuII, MnII, CoII, NiII, ZnII, CdII), previously unknown, were synthesized and characterized by means of IR, UV-vis, CV, 183W NMR, TG-DSC, and elemental analyses. The synthetic method used in preparing this type of heteropoly compounds was different from that in preparing the corresponding tungstophosphates in that the starting materials were transition metal chlorides in 1.5 times the stoichiometric amount and the required pH value is lower than 2. The crystal structure of Na16[Cu4(H2O)2(As2W15O56)2].47H2O was solved in triclinic, P1 symmetry, with a = 12.721(3) A, b = 24.516(5) A, c = 26.450(5) A, alpha = 89.90(3) degrees, beta = 77.32(3) degrees, gamma = 89.96(3)degrees, V = 8048(3) A3, Z = 2, and R = 0.0966. This anion is isostructural with the previously reported [Cu4(H2O)2(P2W15O56)2]16-, having a rhombic tetrameric cluster Cu4O16 sandwiched by two trivacant Dawson-Wells anions [As2W15O56]12-. The range of the bond lengths of the equatorial Cu-O bonds is 1.83-2.05 A, while that of the axial Cu-O bonds is 2.30-2.39 A. The distortion of the Cu4O16 cluster is smaller in the As species than in the P species. Two copper atoms in the Cu4O16 cluster are coordinated by water molecules. The replacement reactions of the coordinated water molecules of this series of heteropoly compounds in aqueous solutions and in selected organic solvents are also reported here for the first time. The results show that [Fe(CN)6]4-, [Fe(CN)6]3-, H2NCH2CH2NH2, etc., can replace the coordinated water to form its characteristic color in aqueous solutions, while in organic solvents the coordinated water molecules are lost, leaving unshared coordination positions that can be occupied by some organic ligands such as pyridine, lactic acid, and acetone to restore the octahedral coordination of M2+. The crystallographic morphologies of this series of heteropolyanions after phase transfer are dependent on different transition metal ions present in the central M4O16 clusters although the anions are isostructural with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Bi
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, PR China
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Abstract
Forty-five cases of head and neck reconstruction with pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps (PMMF) between 1985 and 1990 were analyzed retrospectively for complications. Thirty-two cases were done at the VA Medical Center and 13 at Albany Medical Center, a private university hospital. Total complication rate was 58%. In the VA population, complication rate was 59% as compared to 54% at the Albany Medical Center, which appears statistically not significant. It has been suggested that VA populations tend to have poorer health and socioeconomic status and are more likely to have higher complication rates. This conjecture is not borne out by this study. Complications are described and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Huang
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albany Medical College, New York 12208
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Abstract
In this study of 13 patients with cystic lesions of the parotid gland, 9 patients were known to be antibody positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 4 were subsequently tested to be positive. All patients had computed tomographic (CT) confirmation of parotid gland cysts. Five patients had fluid aspirates showing high amylase levels. All cystic lesions had lymphoepithelial features and lymphoid histology similar to those seen in HIV infection. This study includes a review of 148 HIV patients reported in the literature, as well as our experience. Of all the reported cases, when gross pathology suggested cystic lesions, the incidence of malignancy was close to 1%. The incidence of malignancy for a solid mass, however, was close to 40%. We propose a nonsurgical management protocol which includes CT scan and needle aspiration with tissue for cytology and fluid for amylase level if possible. Watchful observation is advised for cystic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York
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