The Impact of Vanilla and Lemon Aromas on Sensory Perception in Plant-Based Yogurts Measured with Static and Dynamic Methods

The application of cross-modal interaction is a potential strategy to tackle the challenges related to poor sensory properties, such as thin mouthfeel, in plant-based yogurts. Thus, we aim to study the influence of aroma compounds possibly congruent with sweetness on the perceived sensory profile. Descriptive analysis and temporal dominance of sensations (n = 10 × 4) with a trained panel were conducted with and without a nose clip. One unflavored sample and samples flavored with either lemon or vanilla aromas were included (vanilla; 0.05%; 0.1%; lemon: 0.025%; 0.05%). Odor intensity, thick, sticky, and melting sensation, sweetness, and grain-like flavor were evaluated on an unstructured 10-cm line scale with anchors and reference samples. The results demonstrate how vanilla and lemon aromas suppressed grain-like flavor and enhanced odor intensity and sweetness. The following order was detected among samples in perceived sweetness intensity: unflavored < lemon < vanilla. The two sessions with and without nose clip differed statistically in sweetness, highlighting that the aromas impacted the perceived sweetness but not the mouthfeel in vanilla samples. The study suggests that congruent aromas could modify the perceived sweetness in plant-based yogurts; however, aroma or perceived sweetness does not impact the mouthfeel in plant-based yogurts. While the odor−taste interaction in such products is evident, the study highlights that aroma compounds alone do not modify mouthfeel.

The handling of patients on geriatric wards. A challenge for on-the-job training

Patient lifting habits were studied on seven geriatric wards in five hospitals. The methods used were workplace analysis, questionnaire and video analysis of lifts. Mechanical hoists were regularly used only on the ward that had well organised on-the-job-training. The reasons given for not using the hoist (lack of space or time, etc) were similar on this and the other wards where hoists were used irregularly. Lifting with hoists is slower than without aids, but the total extra time needed for their use is only 3-6% of the 8-hour work shift. Stooped and twisted trunk positions occurred less often when lifting aids were used than without an aid. However, some nurses worked in bad spine-loading positions, even when using lifting aids. To eliminate these postures from nursing work, more attention should be paid to working postures during the organised training of patient handling.