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Arasu VA, Kim P, Li W, Strand F, McHargue C, Harnish R, Newitt DC, Jones EF, Glymour MM, Kornak J, Esserman LJ, Hylton NM. Predictive Value of Breast MRI Background Parenchymal Enhancement for Neoadjuvant Treatment Response among HER2- Patients. J Breast Imaging 2020; 2:352-360. [PMID: 32803155 PMCID: PMC7418876 DOI: 10.1093/jbi/wbaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women with advanced HER2- breast cancer have limited treatment options. Breast MRI functional tumor volume (FTV) is used to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to improve treatment efficacy. In addition to FTV, background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) may predict response and was explored for HER2- patients in the I-SPY-2 TRIAL. METHODS Women with HER2- stage II or III breast cancer underwent prospective serial breast MRIs during four neoadjuvant chemotherapy timepoints. BPE was quantitatively calculated using whole-breast manual segmentation. Logistic regression models were systematically explored using pre-specified and optimized predictor selection based on BPE or combined with FTV. RESULTS A total of 352 MRI examinations in 88 patients (29 with pCR, 59 non-pCR) were evaluated. Women with hormone receptor (HR)+HER2- cancers who achieved pCR demonstrated a significantly greater decrease in BPE from baseline to pre-surgery compared to non-pCR patients (odds ratio 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.39-0.92, P = 0.04). The associated BPE area under the curve (AUC) was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.56-0.98), comparable to the range of FTV AUC estimates. Among multi-predictor models, the highest cross-validated AUC of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.73-0.90) was achieved with combined FTV+HR predictors, while adding BPE to FTV+HR models had an estimated AUC of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.74-0.92). CONCLUSION Among women with HER2- cancer, BPE alone demonstrated association with pCR in women with HR+HER2- breast cancer, with similar diagnostic performance to FTV. BPE predictors remained significant in multivariate FTV models, but without added discrimination for pCR prediction. This may be due to small sample size limiting ability to create subtype-specific multivariate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh A Arasu
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, CA
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA
- Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Vallejo, CA
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Paul Kim
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, CA
| | - Wen Li
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, CA
| | - Fredrik Strand
- Karolinska University Hospital, Breast Radiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cody McHargue
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, CA
| | - Roy Harnish
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, CA
| | - David C Newitt
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ella F Jones
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, CA
| | - M Maria Glymour
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA
| | - John Kornak
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA
| | - Laura J Esserman
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, CA
| | - Nola M Hylton
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, CA
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Nelson H, Valladão S, Sanders RT, Harnish R, Milenkovic A, Andre T. Effects Of Esport Specific Supplementation On Esport Performance And Physiological Measurements. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000687540.26865.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Li W, Onishi N, Newitt DC, Harnish R, Jones EF, Wilmes LJ, Gibbs J, Price E, Joe BN, Chien AJ, Berry DA, Boughey JC, Albain KS, Clark AS, Edmiston KK, Elias AD, Ellis ED, Euhus DM, Han HS, Isaacs C, Khan QJ, Lang JE, Lu J, Meisel JL, Mitri Z, Nanda R, Northfelt DW, Sanft T, Stringer-Reasor E, Viscusi RK, Wallace AM, Yee D, Yung R, Melisko ME, Perlmutter J, Rugo HS, Schwab R, Symmans WF, van't Veer LJ, Yau C, Asare SM, DeMichele A, Goudreau S, Abe H, Sheth D, Wolverton D, Fountain K, Ha R, Wynn R, Crane EP, Dillis C, Kuritza T, Morley K, Nelson M, Church A, Niell B, Drukteinis J, Oh KY, Jafarian N, Brandt K, Choudhery S, Bang DH, Mullins C, Woodard S, Zamora KW, Ojeda-Fornier H, Eghedari M, Sheth P, Hovanessian-Larsen L, Rosen M, McDonald ES, Spektor M, Giurescu M, Newell MS, Cohen MA, Berman E, Lehman C, Smith W, Fitzpatrick K, Borders MH, Yang W, Dogan B, Esserman LJ, Hylton NM. Abstract P6-02-01: The effect of background parenchymal enhancement on the predictive performance of functional tumor volume measured in MRI. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p6-02-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Strong background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) may cause overestimation in tumor volume measured from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI, which may adversely affect the ability of MR tumor volume to predict treatment outcome for patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Specifically, an overestimation of tumor volume can result in misclassification of patients with complete pathologic response (pCR) as non-responders, leading to less confidence in MRI prediction. As well, overestimation of extent of disease might lead to more aggressive surgical therapy than necessary. This study investigated whether high BPE in the contralateral breast influences the predictive performance of MRI-measured functional tumor volume (FTV) for patients with locally advanced breast cancer undergoing NAC.
Methods: patients (n=990) enrolled in the I-SPY 2 TRIAL who were randomized to the graduated experimental drug arms or controls from 2010 to 2016 were analyzed. Each patient had 4 MRI exams: pre-NAC (T0), after 3 weeks of NAC (T1), between NAC regimens (T2), and post-NAC (T3). FTV was calculated at each MRI exam by summing voxels meeting enhancement thresholds. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in the contralateral breast was calculated automatically as mean percentage enhancement on the early (nominal 150sec post-contrast) image in the fibroglandular tissue segmented from 5 continuous axial slices centered in the inferior-to-superior stack. For each treatment time point, patients having both FTV and BPE measurements were included in the analysis. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was estimated as the association between FTV and pCR at T1, T2, and T3. The analysis was conducted in the full patient cohort and in sub-cohorts defined by hormone receptor (HR) and HER2 status. In each patient cohort, a cut-off BPE value was selected to classify patients with high vs. low BPE by testing AUCs estimated with low-BPE patients reached maximum when the cut-off value varied from median to maximum in steps of 10%.
Results: Out of 990 patients, 878 had pCR outcome data (pCR or non-pCR, pCR rate = 35%). Table 1 shows the number of patients, pCR rate, and AUC of FTV for predicting pCR using all patients available vs. a subset patients with low BPE (< BPE cut-off). In the full cohort, AUC increased slightly across all time points after patients with high BPE were removed. In the HR+/HER2- subtype, AUC increased at T1 after removal of cases with high BPE (0.65 vs. 0.71). For HR-/HER2+, AUC increased substantially after removal of high BPE cases (0.65 to 0.86 at T1, 0.71 to 0.87 at T2, and 0.71 to 0.89 at T3), with greater improvement at the early time point (T1) compared to later time points (T2 and T3). Only a slight improvement in the AUC was observed in the HR+/HER2+ and HR-/HER2- subtypes across all time points.
Conclusions: High background parenchymal enhancement adversely affected the predictive performance of functional tumor volume measured by DCE-MRI, at early treatment time point for HR+/HER2- and across all time points for HR-/HER2+ cancer subtype. The adverse effect might be offset using subtype-optimized enhancement threshold in calculating functional tumor volume.
Table 1 Effect of BPE on the prediction of pCR using FTV at various treatment time pointsT1T2T3npCR rateAUCBPE cut-offnpCR rateAUCBPE cut-offnpCR rateAUCBPE cut-offFullAll64734%0.662762334%0.701761134%0.6925Subset45334%0.6831133%0.7230534%0.72HR+/HER2-All26218%0.651924918%0.718225518%0.7519Subset13118%0.7124818%0.7120419%0.76HR+/HER2+All10636%0.642110538%0.62269634%0.7120Subset5332%0.668438%0.665740%0.73HR-/HER2+All5175%0.65204774%0.71204973%0.7116Subset3073%0.862871%0.872475%0.89HR-/HER2-All22842%0.682822243%0.751821143%0.6916Subset15940%0.7111137%0.7810540%0.75
Citation Format: Wen Li, Natsuko Onishi, David C Newitt, Roy Harnish, Ella F Jones, Lisa J Wilmes, Jessica Gibbs, Elissa Price, Bonnie N Joe, A. Jo Chien, Donald A Berry, Judy C Boughey, Kathy S Albain, Amy S Clark, Kirsten K Edmiston, Anthony D Elias, Erin D Ellis, David M Euhus, Heather S Han, Claudine Isaacs, Qamar J Khan, Julie E Lang, Janice Lu, Jane L Meisel, Zaha Mitri, Rita Nanda, Donald W Northfelt, Tara Sanft, Erica Stringer-Reasor, Rebecca K Viscusi, Anne M Wallace, Douglas Yee, Rachel Yung, Michelle E Melisko, Jane Perlmutter, Hope S Rugo, Richard Schwab, W. Fraser Symmans, Laura J van't Veer, Christina Yau, Smita M Asare, Angela DeMichele, Sally Goudreau, Hiroyuki Abe, Deepa Sheth, Dulcy Wolverton, Kelly Fountain, Richard Ha, Ralph Wynn, Erin P Crane, Charlotte Dillis, Theresa Kuritza, Kevin Morley, Michael Nelson, An Church, Bethany Niell, Jennifer Drukteinis, Karen Y Oh, Neda Jafarian, Kathy Brandt, Sadia Choudhery, Dae Hee Bang, Christiane Mullins, Stefanie Woodard, Kathryn W Zamora, Haydee Ojeda-Fornier, Mohammad Eghedari, Pulin Sheth, Linda Hovanessian-Larsen, Mark Rosen, Elizabeth S McDonald, Michael Spektor, Marina Giurescu, Mary S Newell, Michael A Cohen, Elise Berman, Constance Lehman, William Smith, Kim Fitzpatrick, Marisa H Borders, Wei Yang, Basak Dogan, Laura J Esserman, Nola M Hylton. The effect of background parenchymal enhancement on the predictive performance of functional tumor volume measured in MRI [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-02-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Natsuko Onishi
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - David C Newitt
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Roy Harnish
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ella F Jones
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lisa J Wilmes
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jessica Gibbs
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Elissa Price
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Bonnie N Joe
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - A. Jo Chien
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | - Amy S Clark
- 5University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julie E Lang
- 13University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Janice Lu
- 13University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Zaha Mitri
- 15Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Rita Nanda
- 16The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rachel Yung
- 23CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | | | | | - Hope S Rugo
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | - Christina Yau
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Smita M Asare
- 26Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Sally Goudreau
- 27University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Hiroyuki Abe
- 16The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Deepa Sheth
- 16The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Richard Ha
- 28Columbia University, New York City, NY
| | - Ralph Wynn
- 28Columbia University, New York City, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | - An Church
- 22University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | - Karen Y Oh
- 15Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pulin Sheth
- 13University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Mark Rosen
- 5University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Yang
- 25University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Basak Dogan
- 25University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Nola M Hylton
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Onishi N, Li W, Newitt DC, Harnish R, Gibbs J, Jones EF, Nguyen A, Wilmes L, Joe BN, Campbell MJ, Basu A, van’t Veer LJ, DiMichele A, Yee D, Berry DA, Albain KS, Boughey JC, Chien AJ, Clark AS, Edmiston KK, Elias AD, Ellis ED, Euhus DM, Han HS, Isaacs C, Khan QJ, Lang JE, Lu J, Meisel JL, Mitri Z, Nanda R, Northfelt DW, Sanft T, Stringer-Reasor E, Viscusi RK, Wallace AM, Yung R, Melisko ME, Perlmutter J, Rugo HS, Schwab R, Symmans WF, Asare SM, Yau JE, Yau C, Esserman LJ, Hylton NM. Abstract PD9-05: Lack of background parenchymal enhancement suppression in breast MRI during neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be associated with inferior treatment response in hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-pd9-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
In breast MRI, contrast enhancement of normal fibroglandular tissue is referred to as background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Hormonal status significantly affects the degree of BPE, potentially due to the association with mammary vascularity and activity1-5. Studies have shown that BPE may be associated with breast cancer survival6, treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)7,8 and future breast cancer risk9. In most patients undergoing NAC, BPE is suppressed by the nonspecific anti-proliferative effects of chemotherapy on normal breast and/or ovary5,10. However, some patients exhibit equivalent or even stronger BPE post-NAC compared to pre-NAC. We hypothesized that non-suppressed BPE in post-NAC MRI may be associated with inferior treatment response. This study aimed to investigate the association between BPE suppression and treatment response as defined by pathologic complete response (pCR).
Methods
This study included patients with stage II/III breast cancer enrolled in the I-SPY 2 TRIAL being treated with standard NAC with or without investigational agents. The whole cohort was split into two subgroups based on hormone receptor status (HR+, n= 536; HR-, n=452). Patients underwent dynamic contrast enhanced MRIs at four time points during NAC: baseline (T0), after 3 weeks of the first regimen (T1), inter-regimen (T2), and pre-surgery (T3). Using in-house software, the contralateral breast parenchyma was automatically segmented for the entire breast volume. Quantitative BPE (qBPE) was calculated as the mean early (~150s post-contrast injection) percent enhancement of the central 50% of the axial slices. A breast radiologist reviewed all exams and excluded those where automated segmentation failed to accurately define tissue. For T1, T2 and T3, BPE was categorized based on the change from T0 as suppressed (qBPE < qBPE[T0]) or non-suppressed (qBPE ≥ qBPE[T0]). Chi-squared test was used to examine the association between BPE suppression and pCR, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results
HR+ cohort: pCR rates were lower for patients with non-suppressed BPE than those with suppressed BPE at every visit (T1-T3) (Table 1). The difference was statistically significant at T2 (p=0.04) and T3 (p=0.01).
Table 1: HR+ cohortpCR rate (%)No. of pCR patientsNo. of non-pCR patientsTotal number of patientsP valueOverall22.8122414536BPE at T1suppressed23.6822663480.45non-suppressed20.532124156BPE at T2suppressed25.7972803770.04*non-suppressed16.01789106BPE at T3suppressed25.7982833810.01*non-suppressed12.5128496
HR- cohort: pCR rates were slightly lower for the non-suppressed BPE group, but no statistically significant association was found (Table 2).
Table 2: HR- cohortpCR rate (%)No. of pCR patientsNo. of non-pCR patientsTotal number of patientsP valueOverall44.7202250452BPE at T1suppressed46.81411603010.66non-suppressed44.45265117BPE at T2suppressed48.81441512950.79non-suppressed47.3434891BPE at T3suppressed49.31461502960.94non-suppressed48.9434588
Conclusion
In HR+ breast cancer, lack of BPE suppression may indicate inferior treatment response. The contrasting results in HR+ and HR- cohorts are noteworthy in terms of the possible relationship between suppression of normal mammary and ovarian activity and treatment response in HR+ cancer.
Reference
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Citation Format: Natsuko Onishi, Wen Li, David C. Newitt, Roy Harnish, Jessica Gibbs, Ella F. Jones, Alex Nguyen, Lisa Wilmes, Bonnie N. Joe, Michael J. Campbell, Amrita Basu, Laura J. van’t Veer, Angela DiMichele, Douglas Yee, Donald A. Berry, Kathy S. Albain, Judy C. Boughey, A. Jo Chien, Amy S. Clark, Kirsten K. Edmiston, Anthony D. Elias, Erin D. Ellis, David M. Euhus, Heather S. Han, Claudine Isaacs, Qamar J. Khan, Julie E. Lang, Janice Lu, Jane L. Meisel, Zaha Mitri, Rita Nanda, Donald W. Northfelt, Tara Sanft, Erica Stringer-Reasor, Rebecca K. Viscusi, Anne M. Wallace, Rachel Yung, Michelle E. Melisko, Jane Perlmutter, Hope S. Rugo, Richard Schwab, W. Fraser Symmans, Smita M. Asare, Julie E. Yau, Christina Yau, Laura J. Esserman, Nola M. Hylton. Lack of background parenchymal enhancement suppression in breast MRI during neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be associated with inferior treatment response in hormone receptor positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD9-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Onishi
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Wen Li
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Roy Harnish
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jessica Gibbs
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ella F. Jones
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Alex Nguyen
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lisa Wilmes
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Bonnie N. Joe
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Amrita Basu
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | - Douglas Yee
- 3Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | | | - A. Jo Chien
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julie E. Lang
- 14University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Janice Lu
- 14University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Zaha Mitri
- 16Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Rita Nanda
- 17The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rachel Yung
- 23CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Hope S. Rugo
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | - Smita M. Asare
- 26Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - Julie E. Yau
- 14University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Christina Yau
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Nola M. Hylton
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Lituiev DS, Trivedi H, Panahiazar M, Norgeot B, Seo Y, Franc B, Harnish R, Kawczynski M, Hadley D. Automatic Labeling of Special Diagnostic Mammography Views from Images and DICOM Headers. J Digit Imaging 2019; 32:228-233. [PMID: 30465142 PMCID: PMC6456464 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-018-0154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Applying state-of-the-art machine learning techniques to medical images requires a thorough selection and normalization of input data. One of such steps in digital mammography screening for breast cancer is the labeling and removal of special diagnostic views, in which diagnostic tools or magnification are applied to assist in assessment of suspicious initial findings. As a common task in medical informatics is prediction of disease and its stage, these special diagnostic views, which are only enriched among the cohort of diseased cases, will bias machine learning disease predictions. In order to automate this process, here, we develop a machine learning pipeline that utilizes both DICOM headers and images to predict such views in an automatic manner, allowing for their removal and the generation of unbiased datasets. We achieve AUC of 99.72% in predicting special mammogram views when combining both types of models. Finally, we apply these models to clean up a dataset of about 772,000 images with expected sensitivity of 99.0%. The pipeline presented in this paper can be applied to other datasets to obtain high-quality image sets suitable to train algorithms for disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro S Lituiev
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hari Trivedi
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maryam Panahiazar
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Beau Norgeot
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA, 94143-0946, USA
| | - Benjamin Franc
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA, 94143-0946, USA
| | - Roy Harnish
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA, 94143-0946, USA
| | - Michael Kawczynski
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dexter Hadley
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Ding Y, Sohn JH, Kawczynski MG, Trivedi H, Harnish R, Jenkins NW, Lituiev D, Copeland TP, Aboian MS, Mari Aparici C, Behr SC, Flavell RR, Huang SY, Zalocusky KA, Nardo L, Seo Y, Hawkins RA, Hernandez Pampaloni M, Hadley D, Franc BL. A Deep Learning Model to Predict a Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease by Using 18F-FDG PET of the Brain. Radiology 2019; 290:456-464. [PMID: 30398430 PMCID: PMC6358051 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018180958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To develop and validate a deep learning algorithm that predicts the final diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment, or neither at fluorine 18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET of the brain and compare its performance to that of radiologic readers. Materials and Methods Prospective 18F-FDG PET brain images from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (2109 imaging studies from 2005 to 2017, 1002 patients) and retrospective independent test set (40 imaging studies from 2006 to 2016, 40 patients) were collected. Final clinical diagnosis at follow-up was recorded. Convolutional neural network of InceptionV3 architecture was trained on 90% of ADNI data set and tested on the remaining 10%, as well as the independent test set, with performance compared to radiologic readers. Model was analyzed with sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), saliency map, and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding. Results The algorithm achieved area under the ROC curve of 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.94, 1.00) when evaluated on predicting the final clinical diagnosis of AD in the independent test set (82% specificity at 100% sensitivity), an average of 75.8 months prior to the final diagnosis, which in ROC space outperformed reader performance (57% [four of seven] sensitivity, 91% [30 of 33] specificity; P < .05). Saliency map demonstrated attention to known areas of interest but with focus on the entire brain. Conclusion By using fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET of the brain, a deep learning algorithm developed for early prediction of Alzheimer disease achieved 82% specificity at 100% sensitivity, an average of 75.8 months prior to the final diagnosis. © RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Larvie in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ding
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Jae Ho Sohn
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Michael G. Kawczynski
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Hari Trivedi
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Roy Harnish
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Nathaniel W. Jenkins
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Dmytro Lituiev
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Timothy P. Copeland
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Mariam S. Aboian
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Carina Mari Aparici
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Spencer C. Behr
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Robert R. Flavell
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Shih-Ying Huang
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Kelly A. Zalocusky
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Lorenzo Nardo
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Youngho Seo
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Randall A. Hawkins
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Miguel Hernandez Pampaloni
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Dexter Hadley
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
| | - Benjamin L. Franc
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.D.,
J.H.S., H.T., R.H., N.W.J., T.P.C., M.S.A., C.M.A., S.C.B., R.R.F., S.Y.H.,
Y.S., R.A.H., M.H.P., B.L.F.) and Institute for Computational Health Sciences
(J.H.S., M.G.K., H.T., D.L., K.A.Z., D.H.), University of California, San
Francisco, 550 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143; Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
Calif (Y.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis,
Sacramento, Calif (L.N.)
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7
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Wilmes LJ, Li W, Shin HJ, Newitt DC, Proctor E, Harnish R, Hylton NM. Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Assessment of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Breast Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [PMID: 29527574 PMCID: PMC5844277 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2016.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the prognostic significance of tumor metrics derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was evaluated in patients with locally advanced breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy. DTI and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging were acquired at 1.5 T in 34 patients before treatment and after 3 cycles of taxane-based therapy (early treatment). Tumor fractional anisotropy (FA), principal eigenvalues (λ1, λ2, and λ3), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were estimated for tumor regions of interest drawn on DTI data. The association between DTI metrics and final tumor volume change was evaluated with Spearman rank correlation. DTI metrics were investigated as predictors of pathological complete response (pCR) by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Early changes in tumor FA and ADC significantly correlated with final tumor volume change post therapy (ρ = -0.38, P = .03 and ρ = -0.71, P < .001, respectively). Pretreatment tumor ADC was significantly lower in the pCR than in the non-pCR group (P = .04). At early treatment, patients with pCR had significantly higher percent changes of tumor λ1, λ2, λ3, and ADC than those without pCR. The AUCs for early percent changes in tumor FA and ADC were 0.60 and 0.83, respectively. The early percent changes in tumor eigenvalues and ADC were the strongest DTI-derived predictors of pCR. Although early percent change in tumor FA had a weak association with pCR, the significant correlation with final tumor volume change suggests that this metric changes with therapy and may merit further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Wilmes
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Hee Jung Shin
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Medical Imaging Laboratory, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - David C Newitt
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Evelyn Proctor
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Roy Harnish
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Nola M Hylton
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
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8
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Carballido-Gamio J, Bonaretti S, Saeed I, Harnish R, Recker R, Burghardt AJ, Keyak JH, Harris T, Khosla S, Lang TF. Automatic multi-parametric quantification of the proximal femur with quantitative computed tomography. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2015; 5:552-68. [PMID: 26435919 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2015.08.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) imaging is the basis for multiple assessments of bone quality in the proximal femur, including volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), tissue volume, estimation of bone strength using finite element modeling (FEM), cortical bone thickness, and computational-anatomy-based morphometry assessments. METHODS Here, we present an automatic framework to perform a multi-parametric QCT quantification of the proximal femur. In this framework, the proximal femur is cropped from the bilateral hip scans, segmented using a multi-atlas based segmentation approach, and then assigned volumes of interest through the registration of a proximal femoral template. The proximal femur is then subjected to compartmental vBMD, compartmental tissue volume, FEM bone strength, compartmental surface-based cortical bone thickness, compartmental surface-based vBMD, local surface-based cortical bone thickness, and local surface-based cortical vBMD computations. Consequently, the template registrations together with vBMD and surface-based cortical bone parametric maps enable computational anatomy studies. The accuracy of the segmentation was validated against manual segmentations of 80 scans from two clinical facilities, while the multi-parametric reproducibility was evaluated using repeat scans with repositioning from 22 subjects obtained on CT imaging systems from two manufacturers. RESULTS Accuracy results yielded a mean dice similarity coefficient of 0.976±0.006, and a modified Haussdorf distance of 0.219±0.071 mm. Reproducibility of QCT-derived parameters yielded root mean square coefficients of variation (CVRMS) between 0.89-1.66% for compartmental vBMD; 0.20-1.82% for compartmental tissue volume; 3.51-3.59% for FEM bone strength; 1.89-2.69% for compartmental surface-based cortical bone thickness; and 1.08-2.19% for compartmental surface-based cortical vBMD. For local surface-based assessments, mean CVRMS were between 3.45-3.91% and 2.74-3.15% for cortical bone thickness and vBMD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The automatic framework presented here enables accurate and reproducible QCT multi-parametric analyses of the proximal femur. Our subjects were elderly, with scans obtained across multiple clinical sites and manufacturers, thus documenting its value for clinical trials and other multi-site studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Carballido-Gamio
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Serena Bonaretti
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Isra Saeed
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Roy Harnish
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert Recker
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew J Burghardt
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joyce H Keyak
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tamara Harris
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Thomas F Lang
- 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; 2 Department of Endocrinology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA ; 3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA ; 4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ; 5 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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9
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Heilmeier U, Carpenter DR, Patsch JM, Harnish R, Joseph GB, Burghardt AJ, Baum T, Schwartz AV, Lang TF, Link TM. Volumetric femoral BMD, bone geometry, and serum sclerostin levels differ between type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women with and without fragility fractures. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:1283-93. [PMID: 25582311 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED While type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with higher skeletal fragility, specific risk stratification remains incompletely understood. We found volumetric bone mineral density, geometry, and serum sclerostin differences between low-fracture risk and high-fracture risk T2D women. These features might help identify T2D individuals at high fracture risk in the future. INTRODUCTION Diabetic bone disease, an increasingly recognized complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), is associated with high skeletal fragility. Exactly which T2D individuals are at higher risk for fracture, however, remains incompletely understood. Here, we analyzed volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), geometry, and serum sclerostin levels in two specific T2D subsets with different fracture risk profiles. We examined a T2D group with prior history of fragility fractures (DMFx, assigned high-risk group) and a fracture-free T2D group (DM, assigned low-risk group) and compared their results to nondiabetic controls with (Fx) and without fragility fractures (Co). METHODS Eighty postmenopausal women (n = 20 per group) underwent quantitative computed tomography (QCT) to compute vBMD and bone geometry of the proximal femur. Additionally, serum sclerostin, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), HbA1c, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) levels were measured. Statistical analyses employed linear regression models. RESULTS DMFx subjects exhibited up to 33 % lower femoral neck vBMD than DM subjects across all femoral sites (-19 % ≤ ΔvBMD ≤ -33 %, 0.008 ≤ p ≤0.021). Additionally, DMFx subjects showed significantly thinner cortices (-6 %, p = 0.046) and a trend toward larger bone volume (+10 %, p = 0.055) relative to DM women and higher serum sclerostin levels when compared to DM (+31.4 %, p = 0.013), Fx (+25.2 %, p = 0.033), and control (+22.4 %, p = 0.028) subjects. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that volumetric bone parameters by QCT and serum sclerostin levels can identify T2D individuals at high risk of fracture and might therefore show promise as clinical tools for fracture risk assessment in T2D. However, future research is needed to establish diabetes-specific QCT- and sclerostin-reference databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Heilmeier
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Lobby 6, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA,
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Carballido-Gamio J, Harnish R, Saeed I, Streeper T, Sigurdsson S, Amin S, Atkinson EJ, Therneau TM, Siggeirsdottir K, Cheng X, Melton LJ, Keyak J, Gudnason V, Khosla S, Harris TB, Lang TF. Structural patterns of the proximal femur in relation to age and hip fracture risk in women. Bone 2013; 57:290-9. [PMID: 23981658 PMCID: PMC3809121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fractures of the proximal femur are the most devastating outcome of osteoporosis. It is generally understood that age-related changes in hip structure confer increased risk, but there have been few explicit comparisons of such changes in healthy subjects to those with hip fracture. In this study, we used quantitative computed tomography and tensor-based morphometry (TBM) to identify three-dimensional internal structural patterns of the proximal femur associated with age and with incident hip fracture. A population-based cohort of 349 women representing a broad age range (21-97years) was included in this study, along with a cohort of 222 older women (mean age 79±7years) with (n=74) and without (n=148) incident hip fracture. Images were spatially normalized to a standardized space, and age- and fracture-specific morphometric features were identified based on statistical maps of shape features described as local changes of bone volume. Morphometric features were visualized as maps of local contractions and expansions, and significance was displayed as Student's t-test statistical maps. Significant age-related changes included local expansions of regions low in volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and local contractions of regions high in vBMD. Some significant fracture-related features resembled an accentuated aging process, including local expansion of the superior aspect of the trabecular bone compartment in the femoral neck, with contraction of the adjoining cortical bone. However, other features were observed only in the comparison of hip fracture subjects with age-matched controls including focal contractions of the cortical bone at the superior aspect of the femoral neck, the lateral cortical bone just inferior to the greater trochanter, and the anterior intertrochanteric region. Results of this study support the idea that the spatial distribution of morphometric features is relevant to age-related changes in bone and independent to fracture risk. In women, the identification by TBM of fracture-specific morphometric alterations of the proximal femur, in conjunction with vBMD and clinical risk factors, may improve hip fracture prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Carballido-Gamio
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roy Harnish
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Isra Saeed
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Timothy Streeper
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Shreyasee Amin
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Atkinson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Terry M. Therneau
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Xiaoguang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - L. Joseph Melton
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joyce Keyak
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas F. Lang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Carballido-Gamio J, Harnish R, Saeed I, Streeper T, Sigurdsson S, Amin S, Atkinson EJ, Therneau TM, Siggeirsdottir K, Cheng X, Melton LJ, Keyak J, Gudnason V, Khosla S, Harris TB, Lang TF. Proximal femoral density distribution and structure in relation to age and hip fracture risk in women. J Bone Miner Res 2013; 28:537-46. [PMID: 23109068 PMCID: PMC3578081 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Hip fracture risk rises exponentially with age, but there is little knowledge about how fracture-related alterations in hip structure differ from those of aging. We employed computed tomography (CT) imaging to visualize the three-dimensional (3D) spatial distribution of bone mineral density (BMD) in the hip in relation to age and incident hip fracture. We used intersubject image registration to integrate 3D hip CT images into a statistical atlas comprising women aged 21 to 97 years (n = 349) and a group of women with (n = 74) and without (n = 148) incident hip fracture 4 to 7 years after their imaging session. Voxel-based morphometry was used to generate Student's t test statistical maps from the atlas, which indicated regions that were significantly associated with age or with incident hip fracture. Scaling factors derived from intersubject image registration were employed as measures of bone size. BMD comparisons of young, middle-aged, and older American women showed preservation of load-bearing cortical and trabecular structures with aging, whereas extensive bone loss was observed in other trabecular and cortical regions. In contrast, comparisons of older Icelandic fracture women with age-matched controls showed that hip fracture was associated with a global cortical bone deficit, including both the superior cortical margin and the load-bearing inferior cortex. Bone size comparisons showed larger dimensions in older compared to younger American women and in older Icelandic fracture women compared to controls. The results indicate that older Icelandic women who sustain incident hip fracture have a structural phenotype that cannot be described as an accelerated pattern of normal age-related loss. The fracture-related cortical deficit noted in this study may provide a biomarker of increased hip fracture risk that may be translatable to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and other clinical images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Carballido-Gamio
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Arrindell WA, Bridges KR, van der Ende J, St Lawrence JS, Gray-Shellberg L, Harnish R, Rogers R, Sanderman R. Normative studies with the Scale for Interpersonal Behaviour (SIB): II. US students. A cross-cultural comparison with Dutch data. Behav Res Ther 2001; 39:1461-79. [PMID: 11760731 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Scale for Interpersonal Behaviour (SIB), a multidimensional, self-report measure of state assertiveness, was administered to a nationwide sample of 2375 undergraduates enrolled at 11 colleges and universities across the USA. The SIB was developed in the Netherlands for the independent assessment of both distress associated with self-assertion in a variety of social situations and the likelihood of engaging in a specific assertive response. This is done with four factorially-derived, first-order dimensions: (i) Display of negative feelings (Negative assertion); (ii) Expression of and dealing with personal limitations; (iii) Initiating assertiveness; and (iv) Praising others and the ability to deal with compliments/praise of others (Positive assertion). The present study was designed to determine the cross-national invariance of the original Dutch factors and the construct validity of the corresponding dimensions. It also set out to develop norms for a nationwide sample of US students. The results provide further support for the reliability, factorial and construct validity of the SIB. Compared to their Dutch equivalents, US students had meaningfully higher distress in assertiveness scores on all SIB scales (medium to large effect sizes), whereas differences on the performance scales reflected small effect sizes. The cross-national differences in distress scores were hypothesized to have originated from the American culture being more socially demanding with respect to interpersonal competence than the Dutch, and from the perceived threats and related cognitive appraisals that are associated with such demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Arrindell
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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