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Guo JW, Yu PX, Yang HD, Jayawardena RS, He GY, Xu Q, Zhang SY, Gui H. Molecular and Morphological Identification of Monilia yunnanensis Causing Brown Rot on Chinese Quince and Peach in Yunnan, China. Plant Dis 2023. [PMID: 37555726 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-23-0293-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
More than 30% of fruits of Chinese Quince (Chaenomeles speciosa) and peach (Prunus persica) showed circular, water-soaked and brown spots in July 2022 in Kunming, Yunnan, China. The center of these spots was covered by a large number of earthy brown and oblate sporogeneous mycelium containing conidiophore and conidia, which were one-celled, limoniform, hyaline (13.73 to 22.77 x 8.17 to 12.84 µm, n=50). By September 2022, almost 100% of fruits showed symptoms. Later, most of them fell or a few stiff, black and mummified fruits were left on the trees. Fungal isolates were isolated by single-spore technique on Potato Dextrose agar (PDA) from the diseased fruits, and incubated at room temperature (20-28 °C) in darkness for 14 days. The colony was gray, smooth at margins, 7.6-8.0 cm in diameter. To fullfill Koch's postulates, mycelial plugs of one representative isolate YHD611 from Chinese Quince and another YHD610 from peach were used to inoculate three wounded and three non-wounded surface-disinfected fruits of both hosts at room temperature (19-27 °C), respectively. Three wounded and three non-wounded fruits inoculated with sterile PDA plugs served as the control. The wounded peaches appeared water-soaked and had brown lesions after three days of inoculation, then completely decayed after nine days, while non-wounded fruits showed symptoms after five days. The wounded fruits of Chinese Quince developed similar symptoms after eight days of inoculation, and completely decayed after 13 days, while non-wounded fruits showed obvious symptoms after 15 days. In a subsequent study, isolate YHD611 was inoculated to peach while isolate YHD610 was inoculated to Chinese Quince to understand host specificity of the isolates. The results showed that when peaches were infected with YHD611, symptoms were observed on wounded fruits after three days while on non-wounded fruits after five days. When Chinese Quince was infected with YHD610, symptoms were observed on wounded fruits after 14 days while on non-wounded fruits after 21 days. Fungal isolates from symptomatic fruits were identical to the original isolates. There were no symptoms on the control fruits of both hosts. Molecular identification was confirmed based on the sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS, primers ITS1 and ITS4) and β-tubulin (TUB2, primers Bt2a and Bt2b) genes (Niu et al. 2016). BLASTn analysis of the ITS (OQ15519and OQ155196) and TUB2 (OQ185202 and OQ185201) of YHD611 and YHD610 revealed a 100% sequence identity, respectively, to Monilia yunnanensis AH7-2 (KT735924.1 for ITS, KT736008.1 for TUB2). In the phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and TUB2 sequence data, the isolates YHD611 and YHD610 belonged to the M. yunnanensis clade. Based on morphological and molecular identification, both isolates were identified as M. yunnanensis, which was reported as the pathogen causing brown rot of plum, peach, apple and pear in Yunnan, China (Hu et al. 2011; Yin et al. 2015). To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. yunnanensis causing brown rot on the fruits of Chinese Quince in Yunnan, China. This study also reports that M. yunnanensis from Chinese Quince can infect peach, and the pathogen from peach can infect Chinese Quince. These findings suggest that M. yunnanensis can transfer from one host to another and causing serious economic losses in multiple fruit crops in Yunnan, China. References: Hu, M. J., et al. 2011. PLoS One. 6:e24990. Niu, C. W., et al. 2016. Mycosystema, 35(10):1. Yin, L. F., et al. 2015. Plant Dis. 99:1775.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wei Guo
- Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences, 26445, CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, 132# Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Chin, Kunming, China, 650201
- Kunming University, 162634, Yunnan Research Center of Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agronomy, Kunming, China, 650214;
| | - Pei-Xuan Yu
- Mae Fah Luang University, 68004, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Chiang Rai, Thailand
- Kunming University, 162634, Yunnan Research Center of Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agronomy, Kunming, Yunnan, China;
| | - Hong-De Yang
- Mae Fah Luang University, 68004, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Chiang Rai, Thailand;
| | | | - Guo-You He
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 74741, Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Kunming, Yunnan, China;
| | - Qiang Xu
- Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences, 26445, Kunming, Yunnan, China;
| | - Shi-Yu Zhang
- Mae Fah Luang University, 68004, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Chiang Rai, Thailand;
| | - Heng Gui
- Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences, 26445, Kunming, Yunnan, China;
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Chaiwan N, Jeewon R, Pem D, Jayawardena RS, Nazurally N, Mapook A, Promputtha I, Hyde KD. New Species of Discosia rhododendricola, Neopestalotiopsis rhododendricola and New Geographical Record of Diaporthe nobilis from Rhododendron sp. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8090907. [PMID: 36135632 PMCID: PMC9504118 DOI: 10.3390/jof8090907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we report two new asexual fungal species (i.e., Discosia rhododendricola, Neopestalotiopsis rhododendricola (Sporocadaceae) and a new host for a previously described species (i.e., Diaporthe nobilis; Diaporthaceae). All species were isolated from Rhododendron spp. in Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. All taxa are described based on morphology, and phylogenetic relationships were inferred using a multigenic approach (LSU, ITS, RPB2, TEF1 and TUB2). The phylogenetic analyses indicated that D. rhododendronicola sp. nov. is phylogenetically related to D. muscicola, and N. rhododendricola sp. nov is related to N. sonnaratae. Diaporthe nobilis is reported herein as a new host record from Rhododendron sp. for China, and its phylogeny is depicted based on ITS, TEF1 and TUB2 sequence data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napalai Chaiwan
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Rajesh Jeewon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Dhandevi Pem
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | | | - Nadeem Nazurally
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mauritius, Reduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Ausana Mapook
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Itthayakorn Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Innovative Institute of Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Correspondence:
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5
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Crous PW, Sandoval-Denis M, Costa MM, Groenewald JZ, van Iperen AL, Starink-Willemse M, Hernández-Restrepo M, Kandemir H, Ulaszewski B, de Boer W, Abdel-Azeem AM, Abdollahzadeh J, Akulov A, Bakhshi M, Bezerra JDP, Bhunjun CS, Câmara MPS, Chaverri P, Vieira WAS, Decock CA, Gaya E, Gené J, Guarro J, Gramaje D, Grube M, Gupta VK, Guarnaccia V, Hill R, Hirooka Y, Hyde KD, Jayawardena RS, Jeewon R, Jurjević Ž, Korsten L, Lamprecht SC, Lombard L, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Polizzi G, Rajeshkumar KC, Salgado-Salazar C, Shang QJ, Shivas RG, Summerbell RC, Sun GY, Swart WJ, Tan YP, Vizzini A, Xia JW, Zare R, González CD, Iturriaga T, Savary O, Coton M, Coton E, Jany JL, Liu C, Zeng ZQ, Zhuang WY, Yu ZH, Thines M. Fusarium and allied fusarioid taxa (FUSA). 1. Fungal Syst Evol 2022; 9:161-200. [PMID: 35978986 PMCID: PMC9355104 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2022.09.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven Fusarium species complexes are treated, namely F. aywerte species complex (FASC) (two species), F. buharicum species complex (FBSC) (five species), F. burgessii species complex (FBURSC) (three species), F. camptoceras species complex (FCAMSC) (three species), F. chlamydosporum species complex (FCSC) (eight species), F. citricola species complex (FCCSC) (five species) and the F. concolor species complex (FCOSC) (four species). New species include Fusicolla elongata from soil (Zimbabwe), and Neocosmospora geoasparagicola from soil associated with Asparagus officinalis (Netherlands). New combinations include Neocosmospora akasia, N. awan, N. drepaniformis, N. duplosperma, N. geoasparagicola, N. mekan, N. papillata, N. variasi and N. warna. Newly validated taxa include Longinectria gen. nov., L. lagenoides, L. verticilliforme, Fusicolla gigas and Fusicolla guangxiensis. Furthermore, Fusarium rosicola is reduced to synonymy under N. brevis. Finally, the genome assemblies of Fusarium secorum (CBS 175.32), Microcera coccophila (CBS 310.34), Rectifusarium robinianum (CBS 430.91), Rugonectria rugulosa (CBS 126565), and Thelonectria blattea (CBS 952.68) are also announced here. Citation: Crous PW, Sandoval-Denis M, Costa MM, Groenewald JZ, van Iperen AL, Starink-Willemse M, Hernández-Restrepo M, Kandemir H, Ulaszewski B, de Boer W, Abdel-Azeem AM, Abdollahzadeh J, Akulov A, Bakhshi M, Bezerra JDP, Bhunjun CS, Câmara MPS, Chaverri P, Vieira WAS, Decock CA, Gaya E, Gené J, Guarro J, Gramaje D, Grube M, Gupta VK, Guarnaccia V, Hill R, Hirooka Y, Hyde KD, Jayawardena RS, Jeewon R, Jurjević Ž, Korsten L, Lamprecht SC, Lombard L, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Polizzi G, Rajeshkumar KC, Salgado-Salazar C, Shang Q-J, Shivas RG, Summerbell RC, Sun GY, Swart WJ, Tan YP, Vizzini A, Xia JW, Zare R, González CD, Iturriaga T, Savary O, Coton M, Coton E, Jany J-L, Liu C, Zeng Z-Q, Zhuang W-Y, Yu Z-H, Thines M (2022). Fusarium and allied fusarioid taxa (FUSA). 1. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 9: 161-200. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2022.09.08.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Sandoval-Denis
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M M Costa
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Z Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A L van Iperen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Starink-Willemse
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Hernández-Restrepo
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H Kandemir
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B Ulaszewski
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - W de Boer
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands.,Soil Biology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - A M Abdel-Azeem
- Systematic Mycology Lab., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - J Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - A Akulov
- Department of Mycology and Plant Resistance, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Maidan Svobody 4, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - M Bakhshi
- Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 19395-1454, Tehran, Iran
| | - J D P Bezerra
- Setor de Micologia / Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Rua 235 - s/n - Setor Universitário - CEP: 74605-050, Universidade Federal de Goiás / Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil / Goiânia, Brazil
| | - C S Bhunjun
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - M P S Câmara
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, 52171-900, PE, Brazil
| | - P Chaverri
- Escuela de Biología and Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | - W A S Vieira
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, 52171-900, PE, Brazil
| | - C A Decock
- Mycothèque de l'Université catholique de Louvain (MUCL, BCCMTM), Earth and Life Institute - ELIM - Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2 bte L7.05.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - E Gaya
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, UK
| | - J Gené
- Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut i Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - J Guarro
- Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut i Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - D Gramaje
- Institute of Grapevine and Wine Sciences (ICVV), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-University of La Rioja-Government of La Rioja, Logroño 26007, Spain
| | - M Grube
- Institut für Biologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - V K Gupta
- Center for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK.,Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK
| | - V Guarnaccia
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - R Hill
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, UK
| | - Y Hirooka
- Department of Clinical Plant Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Hosei University3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan
| | - K D Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - R S Jayawardena
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - R Jeewon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius
| | - Ž Jurjević
- EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA
| | - L Korsten
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, P. Bag X20 Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - S C Lamprecht
- ARC-Plant Health and Protection, Private Bag X5017, Stellenbosch 7599, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - L Lombard
- Dutch General Inspection Service for agricultural seeds and seed potatoes (NAK), Randweg 14, 8304 AS, Emmeloord, The Netherlands
| | - S S N Maharachchikumbura
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - G Polizzi
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, sez. Patologia vegetale, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - K C Rajeshkumar
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology (Fungi) Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra 411 004, India
| | - C Salgado-Salazar
- USDA-ARS Mycology & Nematology Genetic Diversity & Biology Laboratory, Bldg. 010A, Rm. 212, BARC-West, 10300 Baltimore Ave. Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Q-J Shang
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.,School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - R G Shivas
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - R C Summerbell
- Sporometrics, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - G Y Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - W J Swart
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Y P Tan
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia.,Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - A Vizzini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino and Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-SS Turin), C.N.R, Viale P.A. Mattioli, 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - J W Xia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - R Zare
- Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 19395-1454, Tehran, Iran
| | - C D González
- Lab. Salud de Bosques, Fac. de Ciencias Forestales y RRNN, Universidad Austral de Chile, Chile
| | - T Iturriaga
- Curator, Cornell University Plant Pathology Herbarium, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - O Savary
- Univ Brest, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - M Coton
- Univ Brest, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - E Coton
- Univ Brest, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - J-L Jany
- Univ Brest, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - C Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Z-Q Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China.,State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - W-Y Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Z-H Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - M Thines
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Max-von-Laue Str. 13, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Yu FM, Jayawardena RS, Thongklang N, Lv ML, Zhu XT, Zhao Q. Morel Production Associated with Soil Nitrogen-Fixing and Nitrifying Microorganisms. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030299. [PMID: 35330300 PMCID: PMC8950353 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
True morels (Morchella, Pezizales) cultivated in soil are subject to complex influences from soil microbial communities. To explore the characteristics of soil microbial communities on morel cultivation, and evaluate whether these microbes are related to morel production, we collected 23 soil samples from four counties in Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces, China. Based on ITS and 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing, the alpha diversity analysis indicated that the biodiversity of morel cultivation soil showed a downward trend compared with the bare soil. The results also showed that there were no significant differences in soil microbial communities between OC (bare soil) and OO (after one-year suspension of sowing). This means that, after about one year of stopping sowing, the component and structure of soil that once cultivated morel would be restored. In co-occurrence networks, some noteworthy bacterial microbes involved in nitrogen fixation and nitrification have been identified in soils with high morel yields, such as Arthrobacter, Bradyhizobium, Devosia, Pseudarthrobacter, Pseudolabrys, and Nitrospira. In contrast, in soils with low or no morel yield, some pathogenic fungi accounted for a high proportion, including Gibberella, Microidium, Penicillium, Sarocladium, Streptomyces, and Trichoderma. This study provided valuable information for the isolation and culturing of some beneficial microbes for morel cultivation in further study and, potentially, to harness the power of the microbiome to improve morel production and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ming Yu
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biotechnology of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China;
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (R.S.J.); (N.T.)
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Ruvishika Shehali Jayawardena
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (R.S.J.); (N.T.)
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Naritsada Thongklang
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (R.S.J.); (N.T.)
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Meng-Lan Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China;
| | - Xue-Tai Zhu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Qi Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biotechnology of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China;
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China;
- Correspondence:
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