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Jerez S, Ventura M, Molina R, Martínez F, Pariente MI, Melero JA. Application of a Fenton process for the pretreatment of an iron-containing oily sludge: A sustainable management for refinery wastes. J Environ Manage 2022; 304:114244. [PMID: 34891053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of a Fenton-type process for the pretreatment of an oily refinery sludge has been explored taking advantage of the iron contained in the own sludge. This process reduces the content of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) accompanied by an increase in the total organic carbon concentration in the liquid phase. The effect of the temperature and the hydrogen peroxide loading was thoroughly studied in this work being the oxidant concentration the most critical parameter. Under 60 °C and 90 g/L of initial hydrogen peroxide concentration, the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) of the liquid phase was increased up values of 1336 mg/L and with a remarkable contribution of acetic acid as final oxidized compound (396 mgC/L). Additionally, nitrogen and phosphorous compounds were also dissolved in the aqueous phase achieving values of 250 mg/L and 7 mg/L for total Kjeldahl nitrogen and total phosphorous, respectively. Respirometry assays of the aqueous phase after the Fenton pretreatment have evidenced an increase of biodegradability up to 49% which makes this phase suitable for further biological processing in the refinery scheme. The reduction of the content of TPHs (61%) of the oily sludge, has also improved the settleability of the treated effluent (reducing the capillary suction time (CST) in ca. 88%).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jerez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ventura
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Molina
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Martínez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain
| | - M I Pariente
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J A Melero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Mostoles, 28933, Madrid, Spain
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Jerez S, Ventura M, Molina R, Pariente MI, Martínez F, Melero JA. Comprehensive characterization of an oily sludge from a petrol refinery: A step forward for its valorization within the circular economy strategy. J Environ Manage 2021; 285:112124. [PMID: 33592452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Refinery treatment plants produce large quantities of oily sludge during the petroleum refining processes. The hazardousness associated with the disposal of these wastes, make necessary the development of innovative technologies to handle it adequately, linked to the concepts of circular economy and environmental sustainability. This work provides for the first time a methodology for the deep characterization of this kind of wastes and consequently new insights regarding its valorization. A review of works dealing with the characterization of this type of wastes has been addressed evidencing the complexity and variability of these effluents. The oily sludge under study contains a high concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand of 196 g COD/L, a Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen of 2.8 g TKN/kg, a phosphorous content as PO43- of 7 g/kg, as well as a great presence of heavy metals in a different range of concentrations. This sludge is composed of three different phases: oily, aqueous and solid. The oily and the solid phases present high percentages of carbon content (84 and 26%, respectively), related to the presence of alkanes ranged from n-C9 to n-C44. Therefore, it could be possible their valorization by the synthesis of catalyst and/or adsorbents. A dark fermentation process could be also proposed for the oily phase to obtain H2 as an alternative energy source. Finally, the aqueous phase contains low carbon and nutrients concentration. A previous thermal pre-treatment applied to the oily sludge might increase nutrient and organic loading in the aqueous phase due to solid destruction, making this aqueous effluent suitable for a further conventional biological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jerez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ventura
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Molina
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - M I Pariente
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Martínez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Melero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
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Jerez S, López-Romero JM, Turco M, Jiménez-Guerrero P, Vautard R, Montávez JP. Impact of evolving greenhouse gas forcing on the warming signal in regional climate model experiments. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1304. [PMID: 29610459 PMCID: PMC5880811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03527-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) may not be included as external forcing when running regional climate models (RCMs); at least, this is a non-regulated, non-documented practice. Here we investigate the so far unexplored impact of considering the rising evolution of the CO2, CH4, and N2O atmospheric concentrations on near-surface air temperature (TAS) trends, for both the recent past and the near future, as simulated by a state-of-the-art RCM over Europe. The results show that the TAS trends are significantly affected by 1–2 K century−1, which under 1.5 °C global warming translates into a non-negligible impact of up to 1 K in the regional projections of TAS, similarly affecting projections for maximum and minimum temperatures. In some cases, these differences involve a doubling signal, laying further claim to careful reconsideration of the RCM setups with regard to the inclusion of GHG concentrations as an evolving external forcing which, for the sake of research reproducibility and reliability, should be clearly documented in the literature. The inclusion of greenhouse gas forcing in regional climate model experiments is a non-regulated, non-documented practice. Here, the authors demonstrate the significant of the impact of this lack of regulation on simulated regional warming trends, which can double climate change signals under 1.5 °C global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jerez
- Regional Atmospheric Modeling Group, Department of Physics, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain. .,Laboratório Associado IDL, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - J M López-Romero
- Regional Atmospheric Modeling Group, Department of Physics, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Turco
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Jiménez-Guerrero
- Regional Atmospheric Modeling Group, Department of Physics, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - R Vautard
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - J P Montávez
- Regional Atmospheric Modeling Group, Department of Physics, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Abstract
In this work, we model osteoclast-osteoblast population dynamics with random environmental fluctuations in order to understand the random variations of the bone remodeling process in real life. For this purpose, we construct a stochastic differential model for the interactions between the osteoclast and osteoblast cell populations using the parameter perturbation technique. We prove the existence of a globally attractive positive unique solution for the stochastically perturbed system. Also, the stochastic boundedness of the solution is demonstrated using its p-th order moments for p ≥ 1. Finally, we show that the introduction of noise in the deterministic model provides a fluctuating periodic solution. Numerical evidence supports our theoretical results and a discussion of the results is carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jerez
- Department of Applied Mathematics, CIMAT, Guanajuato, Gto. 36240, Mexico.
| | - S Díaz-Infante
- Department of Mathematics, CONACYT-University of Sonora, Sonora, Mexico
| | - B Chen
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington 76019 Texas
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Meseguer A, Amores J, Jerez S, Barbosa A, Motas M. Metals found on Antarctic penguins, effect on homeostasis of hepatic cells determined by gene expression. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Meseguer A, Motas M, Jerez S, Bernabé A, Barbosa A. Metals concentrations found in liver and kidney of Antarctic penguins, a potential toxic effect. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jerez S, Chen B. Stability analysis of a Komarova type model for the interactions of osteoblast and osteoclast cells during bone remodeling. Math Biosci 2015; 264:29-37. [PMID: 25784536 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to analyze theoretically the dynamics of osteoblast and osteoclast cells in the bone remodeling process we first consider a simplified Komarova model. The existence of periodic solutions, which is consistent with the biophysical phenomenon, has been observed only numerically for the general model. By a stability analysis of the simplified model we provide sufficient conditions to obtain existence and uniqueness of positive periodic solutions. Considering recent biological evidence about the participation of another cells like osteocytes in the regulation of bone remodeling, we incorporate to the simplified model a new term as a way to model the signaling of external agents in the remodeling process. Finally, we demonstrate that this new model has stable positive non-periodic solutions. All the theoretical results are accompanied by computational simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jerez
- Department of Applied Mathematics, CIMAT, Guanajuato, Gto. 36240, Mexico.
| | - B Chen
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
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Rodriguez-Barreto D, Consuegra S, Jerez S, Cejas JR, Martín V, Lorenzo A. Using molecular markers for pedigree reconstruction of the greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in the absence of parental information. Anim Genet 2013; 44:596-600. [PMID: 23506386 DOI: 10.1111/age.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ensuring appropriate levels of genetic diversity in captive populations is essential to avoid inbreeding and loss of rare alleles by genetic drift. Pedigree reconstruction and parentage analysis in the absence of parental genotypes can be a challenging task that relies in the assignment of sibship relationships among the offspring. Here, we used eight highly variable microsatellite markers and three different assignment methods to reconstruct the most likely genotypes of a parental group of wild Seriola dumerili fish based on the genotypes of six cohorts of their offspring, to assess their relative contributions to the offspring. We found that a combination of the four most variable microsatellites was enough to identify the number of parents and their contribution to the offspring, suggesting that the variability of the markers can be more critical than the number of markers. Estimated effective population sizes were lower than the number of breeders and variable among years. The results suggest unequal parental contribution that should be accounted for breeding programs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rodriguez-Barreto
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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Jerez S, Trigo R, Sarsa A, Lorente-Plazas R, Pozo-Vázquez D, Montávez J. Spatio-temporal Complementarity between Solar and Wind Power in the Iberian Peninsula. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Jerez S, Montavez JP, Gomez-Navarro JJ, Jimenez PA, Jimenez-Guerrero P, Lorente R, Gonzalez-Rouco JF. The role of the land-surface model for climate change projections over the Iberian Peninsula. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Silva H, Villarroel J, Jerez S, Bustamante M, Montes C, Igor M. P-945 - Relation between neuroticism and suicide response to fluoxetine in borderline personality disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(12)75112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Silva H, Villarroel J, Jerez S, Bustamante M, Montes C, Igor M. P-944 - Neuroticism as a predictor of impulsive aggression response to fluoxetine in borderline personality disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(12)75111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Martín MV, Almansa E, Cejas JR, Bolaños A, Jerez S, Lorenzo A. Effects of a diet lacking HUFA on lipid and fatty acid content of intestine and gills of male gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) broodstock at different stages of the reproductive cycle. Fish Physiol Biochem 2011; 37:935-949. [PMID: 21553061 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-011-9491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A feeding experiment was carried out to determine the effect of a diet lacking n-3 and n-6 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) on lipid and fatty acid content in intestine and gills of male gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) broodstock at different stages of the reproductive cycle: November (pre-spermatogenesis), March (spermatogenesis), and June (post-spermatogenesis). For this purpose, gilthead seabream broodstock were fed either a control diet (C) or an n-3 and n-6 HUFA-deficient diet (D). The results showed no changes in fatty acid content of polar lipids of intestine and gills from fish fed diet C at different stages of the reproductive cycle. However, significant changes were observed in the fatty acid content of neutral lipids in intestine but not in gills in this group. Thus, between November and March, saturates and n-3 HUFA decreased while monoenes increased. In June, the contents of these fatty acids had returned to their initial values (November). Moreover, in fish fed diet D, the fatty acid content of neutral lipid changed in both intestine and gills. In intestine NL, a decrease in saturates and n-3 HUFA and an increment in monoenes were observed from November to June. In gills, a decrease was also observed in n-3 HUFA from NL along the cycle. Nevertheless, n-6 HUFA content remained unchanged. These results show both tissue specificity in seasonal mobilization of fatty acids linked to reproductive processes and the influence of dietary fatty acids on body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Martín
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Canarias, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
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Jerez S, Motas M, Fusaro B, Barbosa A. Presence and distribution of heavy metals and other elements in chick individuals of Gentoo penguin from King George Island, Antarctica. Toxicol Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jerez S, Motas M, Benzal J, Martínez A, Valera F, Barbosa A. Heavy metals and essential elements in bones of three species of penguins from King George Island, Antarctica. Toxicol Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Silva H, Iturra P, Solari A, Villarroel J, Jerez S, Vielma W, Montes C, Pumarino L, Roa N. Serotonin transporter polymorphism and fluoxetine effect on impulsiveness and aggression in borderline personality disorder. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2007; 35:387-92. [PMID: 17597424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impulsiveness and aggressiveness are characteristics of borderline personality disorder and are associated to a serotoninergic system dysfunction. Serotonin transporter polymorphisms have been linked to aggressive and impulsive behaviors. The short allele (S) in depression is associated to a worse response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). This study aims to study these polymorphisms to predict the response of aggressive and impulsive behaviors to SSRIs in borderline personality disorder. METHOD Fifty-nine patients with DSM-IV borderline personality disorder in accordance with the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE) and without axis 1 disease were treated with flexible doses of fluoxetine for 12 weeks. The patients were evaluated with the Overt Aggression Scale Modified (OAS-M) at the beginning and at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment. Polymorphisms L and S of the serotonin transporter promoter region were determined. Response to fluoxetine of the LL carriers versus the S carriers (LS+SS) was compared. RESULTS LL carriers had a better response than S carriers in the reduction of total OAS-M scores and on the aggressiveness and irritability components of the OAS-M. CONCLUSIONS L-allele carriers responded better to fluoxetine than S carriers, in a similar way as in depression. The S allele may represent a common factor of bad response to SSRI in diseases associated to serotoninergic system dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Silva
- Clínica Psiquiátrica Universitaria, Hospital Clínico, Universidad de Chile.
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Pérez MJ, Rodríguez C, Cejas JR, Martín MV, Jerez S, Lorenzo A. Lipid and fatty acid content in wild white seabream (Diplodus sargus) broodstock at different stages of the reproductive cycle. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2007; 146:187-96. [PMID: 17157047 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2006.10.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2006] [Revised: 10/11/2006] [Accepted: 10/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The lipid and fatty acid content of the gonads, liver and muscle of wild white seabream males and females was studied at different stages of the reproductive cycle. Samples were taken from mature white seabream at pre-spawning (November), mid-spawning (March) and post-spawning (June) stages. The results showed that lipid accumulates in gonads and muscle from November to March. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) was also increased during this period. Male gonads showed a greater increase in polar lipid (PL) than neutral (NL), while female gonads displayed the reverse. The increase in both neutral and polar lipid was higher in the muscle of males than in females. In the same period, male livers showed no changes either in lipid content or the hepatosomatic index (HSI), while female livers registered an increase in both lipid content and HSI. Between March and June, in both males and females, total, neutral and polar lipid decreased sharply in the gonads and muscle. Muscular lipid content reduction was more pronounced in males than females. On the other hand, the lipid content of the liver in males and females remained relatively constant. In general terms, the amounts of major fatty acids (16:0, 18:1n-9, 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3) in gonadal and muscular polar and neutral lipid in both males and females increased from November to March and declined thereafter. Variations of the liver fatty acid content were less extreme. In the period from mid-spawning to post-spawning, the presence of 20:4n-6 in polar and neutral lipid increased to a notable extent in all organs studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Pérez
- Dpto de Biología Animal (UDI Fisiología), Fac de Biología, Univ de La Laguna, 38206 S/C de Tenerife, Spain
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Bustamante M, Galleguillos F, Bustos V, Solari A, Iturra P, Villarroel J, Jerez S, Silva H. Identificación de una variante genética de triptófano hidroxilasa 2 en población chilena. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1134-5934(06)75356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jerez S, Rodríguez C, Cejas JR, Bolaños A, Lorenzo A. Lipid dynamics and plasma level changes of 17β-estradiol and testosterone during the spawning season of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) females of different ages. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2006; 143:180-9. [PMID: 16356745 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2005.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2004] [Revised: 11/05/2005] [Accepted: 11/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate whether the age of brood stock females of Sparus aurata affects the mobilization of lipids from muscle and liver towards the gonads to aid in oocyte development. Taking into account the role some hormones play in lipid mobilization the production of 17beta-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) was also measured throughout the spawning season. Four groups of fish were established consisting of 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-year-old females (1.3, 1.5, 2.3 and 2.8 kg average weight, respectively), maintained in separate tanks together with a number of two-year-old males. The results for all four groups showed no variations in fish total length between the beginning and end of the experimental period. However, losses were recorded both of body weight and condition factor. In general terms, there were no significant differences in the plasma levels of E2, T and the gonadosomatic (GSI) and hepatosomatic (HSI) index among the four groups throughout the spawning season. In all groups, the plasma levels of E2, T, GSI and HSI were at their lowest at the end of spawning. Between December (pre-spawning) and March (mid-spawning), all groups suffered depletion of the lipid content of liver and muscle, while gonad lipid content remained constant. The mobilization of lipids from liver and muscle to contribute to the upkeep of the gonadal lipid involved the mobilization of all the fatty acid groups, saturates, monoenes, n-6, n-3, and n-3 HUFA. A good correlation existed between the percentage of the various fatty acid groups transferred from muscle and the age of the reproductive females. However, the greater lipid mobilization from muscle matching the greater age of the reproductive females did not result in greater lipid gonadal reserves or greater body size, suggesting that reproduction on the part of older females requires greater effort. Despite this, the results as a whole indicated that lipogenic capacity, considered as the mobilization of lipids from muscle and liver towards the gonad for the development of oocytes, is unaffected by age in reproductive 3- to 6-year-old gilthead seabream females.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jerez
- Centro Oceanográfico de Canarias (I.E.O.), Ctra. de San Andrés s/n, 38120 S/C de Tenerife, Spain
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Jerez S, Peral de Bruno M, Coviello A. [Effect of angiotensin II and alpha2 adrenergic receptor antagonists on angiotensin II-stimulated nitric oxide release]. Medicina (B Aires) 2001; 61:431-6. [PMID: 11563172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to characterize the interaction between the adrenergic system and angiotensin II-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) release in rabbit aorta. Rings of thoracic aorta were placed in an isolated organ bath. Equilibration was performed during 30 min, and after washing, angiotensin II was added at different concentrations, during 20 min. In another group two stimulations were performed with an interval of 60 min. Angiotensin II antagonists: losartan, PD 123319 and Sar1-Leu8-angiotensin II, alpha 2 adrenergic antagonist: yohimbine, all at 10(-5) M and L-NAME or D-NAME 10(-2) M, were added before stimulation with angiotensin II 10(-6) M or 5.10(-6) M. In another group, besides losartan or PD 123319, yohimbine was added. Nitrite determination was performed with Griess reagent. Angiotensin II 10(-8) to 10(-6) M increased NO metabolite production measured as nitrites referred to the control. In higher concentrations there was a diminution in relation to 10(-6) M. Angiotensin II nitrite release fell in the second stimulation with the hormone in all cases, whereas it was blocked by L-NAME. It was increased by angiotensin II antagonist only at maximal concentrations of the hormone, an effect abolished by yohimbine. Likewise, yohimbine diminished nitrite production at concentrations of angiotensin II of 5.10(-6) but not at 10(-6) M. These results allow us to postulate that NO release induced by angiotensin II would be in part mediated by alpha 2 receptors. Angiotensin II antagonists unmask these effects at maximal concentrations of the hormone, whereas at supramaximal concentrations inhibitory mechanisms would prevail, which would be balanced by alpha 2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jerez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (CONICET) y Fundación INELCO, Tucumán, Argentina.
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Jerez S, Bruno MPD, Coviello A. Endothelium-dependent desensitization to angiotensin II in rabbit aorta: the mechanisms involved. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2001. [DOI: 10.1139/y01-015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the role of the endothelium in angiotensin II-desensitization and its mechanisms of action. Rabbit aortic rings were exposed to increasing doses of angiotensin II (Ang II, 109 to 2.5 × 106) to generate two cumulative dose-response curves (CDRC I and II). A 50-min interval separated CDRC I and II. Desensitization was observed at all doses in unrubbed aortic tissue and at lower doses in rubbed aortic tissue. Tachyphylaxis was greater in arteries with endothelium. Treatment of intact rings with L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 104 M) did not prevent this phenomenon. However, indomethacin (105 M) and miconazol (106 M) attenuated Ang II-desensitization. Treatment of unrubbed rings with nifedipine (106 M) and cromakalim (106 M) inhibited the effect of indomethacin. To confirm the involvement of K+ channels, unrubbed and rubbed aortic rings were treated with the KCa2+ blockers apamin (107 M), tetraethylammonium (TEA, 103 M), and iberiotoxin (108 M), and the KATP blocker glibenclamide (105 M). In both arteries apamin, TEA, and glibenclamide abolished the tachyphylaxis without changes in the maximal response. Iberiotoxin diminished Ang II-desensitization in rubbed but not unrubbed arteries. Results from this study suggest that Ang II-desensitization involves endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Endothelium-dependent desensitization could be mediated by a cyclooxygenase-cytochrome P450 product, which could act by increasing KCa2+ channel activity.Key words: angiotensin II, rabbit aorta, desensitization, endothelium, cyclooxygenase products.
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Jerez S, de Bruno MP, Coviello A. Endothelium-dependent desensitization to angiotensin II in rabbit aorta: the mechanisms involved. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2001; 79:481-9. [PMID: 11430585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the role of the endothelium in angiotensin II-desensitization and its mechanisms of action. Rabbit aortic rings were exposed to increasing doses of angiotensin II (Ang II, 10(-9) to 2.5 x 10(-6)) to generate two cumulative dose-response curves (CDRC I and II). A 50-min interval separated CDRC I and II. Desensitization was observed at all doses in unrubbed aortic tissue and at lower doses in rubbed aortic tissue. Tachyphylaxis was greater in arteries with endothelium. Treatment of intact rings with L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10(-4) M) did not prevent this phenomenon. However, indomethacin (10(-5) M) and miconazol (10(-6) M) attenuated Ang II-desensitization. Treatment of unrubbed rings with nifedipine (10(-6) M) and cromakalim (10(-6) M) inhibited the effect of indomethacin. To confirm the involvement of K+ channels, unrubbed and rubbed aortic rings were treated with the K(Ca2+) blockers apamin (10(-7) M), tetraethylammonium (TEA, 10(-3) M), and iberiotoxin (10(-8) M), and the K(ATP) blocker glibenclamide (10(-5) M). In both arteries apamin, TEA, and glibenclamide abolished the tachyphylaxis without changes in the maximal response. Iberiotoxin diminished Ang II-desensitization in rubbed but not unrubbed arteries. Results from this study suggest that Ang II-desensitization involves endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Endothelium-dependent desensitization could be mediated by a cyclooxygenase-cytochrome P450 product, which could act by increasing K(Ca2+) channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jerez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina.
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Santos JC, Peral de Bruno M, Jerez S, Coviello A. [Cyclosporin A inhibits the response of osmotic water permeability to antidiuretic hormone in toad's bladder and to angiotensin II and antidiuretic hormone in toad's skin]. Nefrologia 2001; 21:59-64. [PMID: 11344963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of cyclosporine A (CyA) in the osmotic water flow response of isolated toad bladder to arginine-vasotocin (AVT) and to angiotensin II (Ang II) and AVT in isolated toad skin. CyA added to the dermal side of isolated toad skin or to the serosal side of toad bladder in concentrations of 0.42. 10(-6) M to 0.42. 10(-7) M had no effect on basal osmotic water permeability (Posm) but inhibited the hormonal response to AVT in both membranes (AVT 10(-10) M in toad bladder and 10(-8) to 10(-9) M in toad skin). CyA also inhibited the Posm response to Ang II (10(-7) M) in toad skin in concentrations of 0.42. 10(-6) M and 0.42. 10(-7) M. In toad bladder it could be demonstrated that the inhibitory effect was reversible. CyA in concentrations of 0.42. 10(-6) M inhibited the Posm response of toad skin to theophylline (3.2. 10(-3) M) and to dibutyryl cyclic AMP (6.3. 10(-3) M) suggesting an effect distal to the generation of cyclic AMP. These responses would support the possibility of a diuretic effect in the mammalian nephron.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Santos
- Fundación INELCO, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina
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Abstract
Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) increased osmotic water permeability in the isolated toad skin, a tissue with functional properties similar to those of the distal mammalian nephron. Concentrations of 0.1 to 10 microM were effective, with a peak at 20 min. This effect was similar in magnitude to that of frog skin angiotensin II (Ang II) and oxytocin but lower than that of human Ang II and arginine-vasotocin. The AT2 angiotensin receptor antagonist PD 123319 (1.0 microM) fully inhibited the response to 0.1 microM Ang-(1-7) but had no effect on the response to Ang II at the same concentration. The specific receptor antagonist of Ang-(1-7), A-779, was ineffective in blocking the response to Ang-(1-7) and to frog skin Ang II. The AT1 receptor subtype antagonist losartan, which blocked the response to frog skin Ang II, was ineffective in blocking the response to Ang-(1-7). The present results support the view of an antidiuretic action of Ang-(1-7) in the mammalian nephron.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Santos
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, INSIBIO, Fundación INELCO, Tucumán, Argentina
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Silva H, Jerez S, Ramirez A, Renteria P, Aravena N, Salazar D, Labarca R. Effects of pimozide on the psychopathology of delusional disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1998; 22:331-40. [PMID: 9608605 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-5846(98)00008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
1. The effects of pimozide on the psychopathology of delusional disorder were studied. 2. After six weeks, pimozide (2-12 mg/day) administration had no effect on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, or in the psychological, social and occupational functioning, as measured by the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. 3. When the different dimensions of the delusional experience were looked upon, no modifications were observed in any of them after six weeks of pimozide treatment. 4. These data failed to support the therapeutic role of pimozide in the treatment of delusional disorder and may suggest, when compared to other disorders with prominent delusions such as schizophrenia, a different neurobiology for the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Silva
- Departamento de Psiquiatria y Salud Mental, Universidad de Chile
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Silva H, Jerez S, Paredes A, Salvo J, Rentería P, Ramírez A, Montes C. [Fluoxetine in the treatment of borderline personality disorder]. Actas Luso Esp Neurol Psiquiatr Cienc Afines 1997; 25:391-5. [PMID: 9477607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the therapeutic effect of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in borderline personality disorder. METHOD 46 patients with borderline personality disorder according to DSM-III-R and Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB-R) criteria, were given fluoxetine 20-60 mg for seven weeks. They were evaluated each week using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and a clinical Impulsivity Scale. RESULTS There were significant improvements in BPRS, HDRS, GAF and Impulsivity Scale from the first week of the treatment. These improvements continued until the seven week of treatment. The favourable outcome was not only due to the improvement in depression and impulsivity scores, but also to the decline of global psychopathology. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that fluoxetine is an effective pharmacologic treatment for borderline personality disorder. These findings support the hypothesis of a 5-HT dysfunction in borderline personality disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Silva
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile
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Silva H, Ramírez A, Jerez S. [Delusional disorders with delirium of somatic type]. Rev Med Chil 1995; 123:1409-11. [PMID: 8733285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The delusional disturbance is characterized by the presence of persistent delusions that are not bizarre, which cannot be attributed to schizophrenia, mood state disorders, substance abuse or organic brain disease. We report a 37 years old male that presented the disease during the last seven years and had very little response to a two months course of pimozide, a neuroleptic whose effectiveness in this disease has been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Silva
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Universidad de Chile, Campus Norte, Santiago
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Labarca R, Silva H, Jerez S, Ruiz A, Renterías P, Ogalde C, Bustos G. Effects of haloperidol on CSF glutamate levels in drug-naive schizophrenic patients. Schizophr Res 1995; 16:83-5. [PMID: 7547651 DOI: 10.1016/0920-9964(95)91301-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Labarca R, Gajardo MI, Seguel M, Silva H, Jerez S, Ruiz A, Bustos G. Effects of D-amphetamine administration on the release of endogenous excitatory amino acids in the rat nucleus accumbens. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1995; 19:467-73. [PMID: 7624497 DOI: 10.1016/0278-5846(94)00027-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
1. The effects of acute D-amphetamine administration to rats on the release of endogenous excitatory amino acids from nucleus accumbens slices were studied. 2. D-amphetamine (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) significantly increased the spontaneous release of aspartate and glutamate from nucleus accumbens slices. 3. In contrast, D-amphetamine either produced no change or rather decreased K+ (40 mM)-evoked and N-methyl-D-aspartate (100 microM)-evoked release of aspartate and glutamate from the slices, respectively. 4. When D-amphetamine treated rats were pretreated with haloperidol, the effects of D-amphetamine on the spontaneous release of excitatory amino acids were not produced, whereas its effects on N-methyl-D-aspartate-evoked release remained unchanged. 5. These data suggest that amphetamine produces changes in excitatory amino acid-mediated transmission in the nucleus accumbens, that may play a role in amphetamine-induced behavioral or psychotomimetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Labarca
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, CIM, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago
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Labarca R, Silva H, Jerez S, Ruiz A, Forray MI, Gysling K, Andres ME, Bustos G, Castillo Y, Hono J. Differential effects of haloperidol on negative symptoms in drug-naive schizophrenic patients: effects on plasma homovanillic acid. Schizophr Res 1993; 9:29-34. [PMID: 8461269 DOI: 10.1016/0920-9964(93)90006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
After 5 weeks of haloperidol, positive symptoms in drug-naive schizophrenic patients substantially subsided. Negative symptoms, although with a different temporal pattern, decreased after the fifth week of haloperidol treatment; specifically, a decrease was seen in anhedonia and affective flattening, whereas avolition-apathy and attentional impairment presented no changes. Alogia showed a decrease during the third week and a trend to return to placebo scores during weeks 4 and 5. Changes in affective flattening, alogia and attentional impairment correlated with changes in positive symptoms. During placebo, plasma homovanillic acid (HVA) correlated with negative symptoms and with changes presented by negative symptoms between the first and the fifth treatment week. These data show that negative symptoms respond differentially to neuroleptics and suggest that avolition-apathy may represent a different behavioral component of the schizophrenia process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Labarca
- Psychiatric Unit, Catholic University, School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile
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Silva H, Jerez S, Catenacci M, Mascaro J. [Decrease of catatonic schizophrenia in patients hospitalized in 1984 in comparison to 1964]. Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat 1989; 35:132-8. [PMID: 2640413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that manifestations of mental illnesses have been changing during the last decades. Thus, the catatonic form of schizophrenia is scarcely observed nowadays and should be about to disappear. Changes in both catatonic schizophrenia prevalence, and catatonic symptoms are analyzed according to revisions dated 1964, and 1984, of the clinical records to be found at the Psychiatric Clinic, University of Chile. A diminution of schizophrenia catatonic forms in 1984 records was found out when comparing with 1964 records. A diminution of catatonic symptons--usually associated to severe forms of schizophrenia--was also noticeable. In both groups, however, such variations have no relation whatever with the extent of the evolutive period prior to institutionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Silva
- Clínica Psiquiátrica, Universidad de Chile y Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Chile
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