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Elkholey K, Schlendorf K, Biaggioni I, Amancherla K, Brinkley D, Lindenfeld J, Menachem J, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Punnoose L, Rali A, Sacks S, Wigger M, Zalawadiya S, Siddiqi H. Outcomes and Characteristics of Heart Transplant Recipients Requiring Oral Vasopressor Agents. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Pasrija C, DeBose-Scarlett A, Keck C, Scholl S, Siddiqi H, Amancherla K, Brinkley D, Lindenfeld J, Menachem J, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Punnoose L, Rali A, Sacks S, Wigger M, Zalawadiya S, McMaster W, Shah A, Schlendorf K, Trahanas J. Prolonged Warm Ischemic Time is Safe for Cardiac Donation after Circulatory Death. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Siddiqi H, DeBose-Scarlett A, Trahanas J, Pasrija C, Amancherla K, Brinkley D, Lindenfeld J, Menachem J, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Punnoose L, Rali A, Sacks S, Wigger M, Zalawadiya S, McMaster W, Shah A, Schlendorf K. Characteristics and Outcomes Among Recipients of Dcd Versus Dbd Heart Transplantation - The Vanderbilt Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Trahanas J, DeBose-Scarlett A, Siddiqi H, Amancherla K, Brinkley D, Lindenfeld J, Menachem J, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Punnoose L, Rali A, Sacks S, Wigger M, Zalawadiya S, Hoffman J, McMaster W, Shah A, Schlendorf K, Pasrija C. Normothermic Regional Perfusion Versus Direct Procurement and Preservation: Is There a Difference for DCD Heart Recipients? J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Cox Z, Zalawadiya S, Simonato M, Redfors B, Zhou Z, Kotinkaduwa L, Zile M, Udelson J, Lim DS, Grayburn PA, Mack MJ, Abraham WT, Stone GW, Lindenfeld J. Maximally tolerated guideline-directed medical therapy and barriers to optimization in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: the COAPT trial. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The COAPT trial of MitraClip therapy employed a central screening eligibility committee (CSEC) of heart failure (HF) experts to ensure the use of maximally tolerated guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) and systematically document intolerances in all potential patients prior to approval for randomization.
Purpose
To describe the percentage of GDMT classes, doses tolerated, predictors of intolerance, and specific intolerances limiting GDMT among patients approved for randomization by the CSEC.
Methods
We analyzed baseline use, dose, and intolerances of i) angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) or angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI); ii) beta-blockers (BB); and iii) mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) in the CSEC-approved COAPT population with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; LVEF ≤40%). We analyzed variables associated with GDMT tolerance.
Results
In COAPT, 464 patients had HFrEF and complete screening medication information. Any dose of all 3, 2 or 1 GDMT classes were tolerated in 39%, 39% and 20% of patients respectively; only 2% of patients (n=9) could not tolerate any GDMT (Figure 1). BB were prescribed in the most (93%) patients followed by ACEI/ARB/ARNI (69%) and MRA (55%). Intolerances limiting each GDMT class differed, but hypotension and kidney dysfunction were most common (Figure 2). No patients tolerated goal doses of all 3 GDMT classes. For BB, only 32% tolerated ≥50% of the goal dose; while for ACEI/ARB/ARNI, no patients achieved goal doses, and only 1% tolerated ≥50% of the goal dose. For MRA, 86% of patients tolerated 25mg/day or less. Patients intolerant of BB were less likely to tolerate an ACEI/ARB/ARNI (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.20–0.76; p=0.004) but not a MRA (p=0.21) compared with patients tolerating a low dose BB. Patients intolerant of MRA were less likely to tolerate ACEI/ARB/ARNI therapy (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.25–0.57; p<0.0001) but not a BB (p=0.31) compared with patients tolerating MRA. Patients tolerating low dose ACEI/ARB/ARNI had a higher baseline mean eGFR (52±21 versus 40±21 ml/min/m2; p<0.0001) compared with patients intolerant of ACEI/ARB/ARNI. Likewise, patients tolerating MRA had a higher baseline mean eGFR (52±21 versus 42±21 ml/min/m2; p<0.0001) compared with patients intolerant of MRA.
Conclusion
In a contemporary trial in which HF specialists ensured GDMT optimization, many patients had medical intolerances prohibiting use of one or more GDMT classes, and few patients tolerated target doses. These findings indicate medical intolerances are the primary cause of low GDMT prescription rates in patients with moderate to severe HFrEF. Yet, use of GDMT in this very ill population was much better than “real world” registries of HFrEF suggesting that mandating careful CSEC review prior to study enrollment is important for clinical trials having the objective of randomizing a maximally treated patient cohort.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Cox
- Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy , Nashville , United States of America
| | - S Zalawadiya
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , United States of America
| | - M Simonato
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation , New York , United States of America
| | - B Redfors
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation , New York , United States of America
| | - Z Zhou
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation , New York , United States of America
| | - L Kotinkaduwa
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation , New York , United States of America
| | - M Zile
- Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veteran's Affairs Medical Center , Charleston , United States of America
| | - J Udelson
- Tufts Medical Center, Inc. , Boston , United States of America
| | - D S Lim
- University of Virginia , Charlottesville , United States of America
| | - P A Grayburn
- Baylor University Medical Center , Dallas , United States of America
| | - M J Mack
- Baylor Scott and White The Heart Hospital , Plano , United States of America
| | - W T Abraham
- The Ohio State University , Columbus , United States of America
| | - G W Stone
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute , New York , United States of America
| | - J Lindenfeld
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , United States of America
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Choudhary A, Sandhaus E, Zalawadiya S, Schwartz C, Ruzevich-Scholl S, Dutton A, Wigger M, Brinkley D, Menachem J, Shah A, Balsara K, Punnoose L, Sacks S, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Hoffman J, McMaster W, Nguyen D, Lindenfeld J, Schlendorf K. Demographics and Utilization of Hepatitis C Hearts: A Single Center Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Davis J, Salih M, Cluckey A, Rega S, Feurer I, Shah A, Brinkley M, Lindenfeld J, Menachem J, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Punnoose L, Sacks S, Wigger M, Zalawadiya S, Balsara K, McMaster W, Hoffman J, Nguyen D, Schlendorf K. Impact of Donor-Transmitted Hepatitis C Virus on Development of Early Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in the Current Era. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Zalawadiya S, Fossey S, Brinkley D, Harrison K, Tunney R, Sandhaus E, Schwartz C, Wigger M, Menachem J, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Punnoose L, Brown Sacks S, Ray C, Hassler J, Rechel K, Rali A, Siddiqi H, Balsara K, McMaster W, Nguyen D, Hoffman J, Shah A, Lindenfeld J, Schlendorf K. Desensitization Therapy Among Highly Sensitized LVAD Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Patel V, Dholaria B, Jayani R, Sengsayadeth S, Wigger M, Horst S, Lindenfeld J, Schlendorf K, Ooi H, Brinkley M, Zalawadiya S, Pedrotty D, Hoffman J, Hung R, Goodman S, Savani B, Kassim A, Harrell S, Punnoose L. Long Term Hematologic and Graft Outcomes After Cardiac Transplant in Al Amyloidosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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10
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Zalawadiya S, Lindenfeld J, Shah A, Menachem J, Balsara K, Hoffman J, Brinkley D, Rali A, Punnoose L, Wigger M, Sacks SB, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Siddiqi H, McMaster W, Nguyen D, Schlendorf K. Heart-Kidney Transplantation and Hepatitis C Virus Positive Donors. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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11
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Zalawadiya S, Schlendorf K, Wigger M, Shah A, Brinkley M, Menachem J, Punnoose L, Sacks SB, Ooi H, Hoffman J, Keki B, McMaster W, Frobes R, Concepcion B, Lindenfeld J. Size Matching and Combined Heart Kidney Transplantation - UNOS Registry Analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Schlendorf K, Zalawadiya S, Shah A, Perri R, Wigger M, Brinkley M, Menachem J, Punnoose L, Sacks SB, Ooi H, Danter M, Balsara K, Hoffman J, Awad J, Sandhaus E, Schwartz C, Lindenfeld J. Successful Transplantation of 96 Hepatitis C-positive Donor Hearts in the Era of Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapies. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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13
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Sandhaus E, Zalawadiya S, Schwartz C, Ruzevich-Scholl S, Dutton A, Wigger M, Brinkley M, Menachem J, Shah A, Danter M, Balsara K, Punnoose L, Sacks S, Ooi H, Lindenfeld J, Schlendorf K. Characteristics of Hepatitis C+ vs Hepatitis C- Donors. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Zalawadiya S, Schlendorf K, Hanna P, Wigger M, Brinkley D, Menachem J, Shah A, Danter M, Balsara K, Punnoose L, Sacks SB, Ooi H, Lindenfeld J. Post-Transplant Trends in BNP Levels among Recipients of Heart versus Heart-Kidney Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Hernandez G, Lemor A, Clark D, Blumer V, Byrne R, Fowler R, Sandhaus E, Weingarten A, Frischhertz B, Schlendorf K, Zalawadiya S, Lindenfeld J, Menachem J. In Hospital Outcomes in Adult Congenital Heart Disease Patients with Fontan Undergoing Heart Transplantation - A Decade Nationwide Analysis from 2004 until 2014. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Zalawadiya S, Lindenfeld J, Shah A, Wigger M, Danter M, Brinkley D, Menachem J, Punnoose L, Sacks SB, Ooi H, Balsara K, Perri R, Awad J, Smith S, Fowler R, O'Dell H, Darragh C, Ruzevich-Scholl S, Schlendorf K. Trends in Renal Function among Heart-Transplant Recipients of Donor-Derived Hepatitis C Virus. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Chowdhury M, Schlendorf K, Zalawadiya S, Brinkley M, Wigger M, Menachem J, Ooi H, Punnoose L, Shah A, Danter M, Balsara K, Lindenfeld J. Incidence of Pancreatitis in Recipients of Hepatitis C Donor Hearts. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Clark D, Byrne R, Burnstein D, Danter M, Fowler R, Frischhertz B, Lindenfeld J, Mazurek J, Mettler B, Opotowsky A, Richardson T, Sandhuas E, Schlendorf K, Schmeckpeper J, Shah A, Weingarten A, Zalawadiya S, Menachem J. Oversizing Donors - Is It Necessary for ACHD Patients?: An Analysis of the United Network for Organ Sharing Registry. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Foley N, Zalawadiya S, Kuzemchak M, Balsara K, Menachem J, Schlendorf K, Maltais S, Shah A, Danter M. Left Thoracotomy Upper Hemisternotomy Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) Implantation Offers Safe, Durable Option for Patients with Prior Sternotomy Undergoing LVAD Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Hernandez G, Lemor A, Blumer V, Chaparro S, Zalawadiya S, Cowger J, Lindenfeld J. Readmission Rates and Outcomes at 90 Days in Patients with Perioperative Use of Temporary Circulatory Support at the Time of Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Chowdhury M, Lindenfeld J, Shah A, Schlendorf K, Fredi J, Balsara K, Goel K, Danter M, Brinkley M, Wigger M, Ooi H, Punnoose L, Brown S, Menachem J, Zalawadiya S. Safety and Efficacy of Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device Exclusion; a Review of Ten Cases. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Zalawadiya S, Lindenfeld J, Shah A, Wigger M, Keebler M, Danter M, Brinkley M, Menachem J, Sacks S, Ooi H, Chung C, Perri R, Awad J, Smith S, Hayes R, Rueda Rios C, O’Dell H, Darragh C, Ruzevich-Scholl S, Schlendorf K. Trends in Renal Function Among Heart Transplant Recipients of Donors With Hepatitis C. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Hernandez G, Lemor A, Blumer V, Rueda C, Zalawadiya S, Stevenson L, Lindenfeld J. Pulmonary Artery Catheterization is Associated with Mortality Decline over Time in Cardiogenic Shock Compared to Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Zalawadiya S, Lindenfeld J, Haddad E, Wigger M, Danter M, Keebler M, Brinkley M, Menachem J, Sacks S, Ooi H, Perri R, Chung C, Awad J, Smith S, Hayes R, O’Dell H, Darragh C, Ruzevich-Scholl S, Schlendorf K. Intracoronary Intimal Thickness in Recipients of Hepatitis C-Positive Donor Hearts. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Schlendorf K, Zalawadiya S, Shah A, Wigger M, Chung C, Danter M, Keebler M, Brinkley D, Menachem J, Brown Sacks S, Ooi H, Perri R, Awad J, Smith S, Hayes R, O'dell H, Darragh C, Carver A, Edmonds C, Ruzevich-Scholl S, Lindenfeld J. Early Outcomes Using Hepatitis C-Exposed Donors for Cardiac Transplantation in the Era of Effective Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatments. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Zalawadiya S, Keebler M, Shah A, Wigger M, Djunaidi M, Schlendorf K, Choi D, Ooi H, Brown-Sacks S, Haglund N, Danter M, Brinkley M, Lindenfeld J. Hemoglobin Level at 3 Months Post-Durable Mechanical Circulatory Support Device Implantation and Mortality. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Zalawadiya S, Lindenfeld J, Schlendorf K, Danter M, Djunaidi M, Wigger M, Shah A, Ooi H, Brown-Sacks S, Haglund N, Brinkley M, Keebler M. Effect of Pre-Durable Mechanical Circulatory Support Device Anemia on Post-Device Implant Mortality. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Javed A, Zalawadiya S, Cardozo S, Afonso L. Innocent left ventricular outflow tract membrane masquerading as vegetation. Case Reports 2013; 2013:bcr-2013-201829. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The major objective of our paper was to test and validate the nutritional literacy scale (NLS) in a pre-dominantly African-American geriatric population. DESIGN Completion of the 2 literacy scales Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (STOHFLA) and nutritional literacy scale (NLS) during a 5-month period from September 2008 to January 2009. SETTING The Rosa Parks Geriatric Center at Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University. PARTICIPANTS The study cohort consisted of elderly (>65 years old) 150 patients that had presented to the geriatric clinic. MEASUREMENTS NLS and STOHFLA were simultaneously given to the patients. The NLS consists of 28 questions regarding organic foods; calorie intake etc. and questions in each section were arranged from easier to more difficult ones. The baseline characteristics were stratified according to the NLS (< 25 and ≥ 25) and STOHFLA (< 35 and ≥ 35) scores. Additionally we also collected data on demographic information, educational experience, blood pressure recordings from 3 consecutive clinic visits. RESULTS The patients with a higher NLS score were younger (72 ± 9) as compared to those with lower NLS score (76 ± 9) (p = 0.005), and also had more years of education (16 ± 3 years v/s 13 ± 3 years; p <0.001). A higher proportion of patients with lower score on NLS had hypertension (95.10 % for NLS < 25 v/s 77.08 % for NLS > 25; p =0.001). CONCLUSION We validated a potentially useful nutritional literacy tool that might prove to be useful intervention aimed at identifying individuals with lower levels of education and insight regarding their nutritional behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Patel
- Pragnesh Patel M.D., 5C, University Health Center, 4201 St Antonie Rd, Detroit, MI, 48201
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