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Thieu MKL, Stoetzel S, Rahmati M, El Khassawna T, Verket A, Sanz-Esporrin J, Sanz M, Ellingsen JE, Haugen HJ. Immunohistochemical comparison of lateral bone augmentation using a synthetic TiO 2 block or a xenogeneic graft in chronic alveolar defects. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2023; 25:57-67. [PMID: 36222116 PMCID: PMC10092822 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate osteogenic markers and alveolar ridge profile changes in guided bone regeneration (GBR) of chronic noncontained bone defects using a nonresorbable TiO2 block. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three buccal bone defects were created in each hemimandible of eight beagle dogs and allowed to heal for 8 weeks before GBR. Treatment was assigned by block randomization: TiO2 block: TiO2 -scaffold and a collagen membrane, DBBM particulates: Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and a collagen membrane, Empty control: Only collagen membrane. Bone regeneration was assessed on two different healing timepoints: early (4 weeks) and late healing (12 weeks) using several immunohistochemistry markers including alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), osteopontin, osteocalcin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and collagen type I. Histomorphometry was performed on Movat Pentachrome-stained and Von Kossa/Van Gieson-stained sections. Stereolithographic (STL) models were used to compare alveolar profile changes. RESULTS The percentage of α-SMA and osteopontin increased in TiO2 group after 12 weeks of healing at the bone-scaffold interface, while collagen type I increased in the empty control group. In the defect area, α-SMA decreased in the empty control group, while collagen type I increased in the DBBM group. All groups maintained alveolar profile from 4 to 12 weeks, but TiO2 group demonstrated the widest soft tissue contour profile. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggested contact osteogenesis when GBR is performed with a TiO2 block or DBBM particulates. The increase in osteopontin indicated a potential for bone formation beyond 12 weeks. The alveolar profile data indicated a sustained lateral increase in lateral bone augmentation using a TiO2 block and a collagen membrane, as compared with DBBM and a collagen membrane or a collagen membrane alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Khai Le Thieu
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sabine Stoetzel
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maryam Rahmati
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thaqif El Khassawna
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Verket
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Mariano Sanz
- Periodontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jan Eirik Ellingsen
- Department of Prosthetics and Oral Function, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Håvard Jostein Haugen
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Stoetzel S, Malhan D, Wild U, Helbing C, Hassan F, Attia S, Jandt KD, Heiss C, El Khassawna T. Osteocytes Influence on Bone Matrix Integrity Affects Biomechanical Competence at Bone-Implant Interface of Bioactive-Coated Titanium Implants in Rat Tibiae. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:374. [PMID: 35008800 PMCID: PMC8745552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osseointegration is a prerequisite for the long-term success of implants. Titanium implants are preferred for their biocompatibility and mechanical properties. Nonetheless, the need for early and immediate loading requires enhancing these properties by adding bioactive coatings. In this preclinical study, extracellular matrix properties and cellular balance at the implant/bone interface was examined. Polyelectrolyte multilayers of chitosan and gelatin or with chitosan and Hyaluronic acid fabricated on titanium alloy using a layer-by-layer self-assembly process were compared with native titanium alloy. The study aimed to histologically evaluate bone parameters that correlate to the biomechanical anchorage enhancement resulted from bioactive coatings of titanium implants in a rat animal model. Superior collagen fiber arrangements and an increased number of active osteocytes reflected a significant improvement of bone matrix quality at the bone interface of the chitosan/gelatin-coated titan implants over chitosan/hyaluronic acid-coated and native implants. Furthermore, the numbers and localization of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the reparative and remodeling phases suggested a better cellular balance in the chitosan/Gel-coated group over the other two groups. Investigating the micro-mechanical properties of bone tissue at the interface can elucidate detailed discrepancies between different promising bioactive coatings of titanium alloys to maximize their benefit in future medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Stoetzel
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.S.); (D.M.); (U.W.); (F.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Deeksha Malhan
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.S.); (D.M.); (U.W.); (F.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Ute Wild
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.S.); (D.M.); (U.W.); (F.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Christian Helbing
- Chair of Materials Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany; (C.H.); (K.D.J.)
| | - Fathi Hassan
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.S.); (D.M.); (U.W.); (F.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Sameh Attia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Klaus D. Jandt
- Chair of Materials Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany; (C.H.); (K.D.J.)
| | - Christian Heiss
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.S.); (D.M.); (U.W.); (F.H.); (C.H.)
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Strasse 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thaqif El Khassawna
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.S.); (D.M.); (U.W.); (F.H.); (C.H.)
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Biehl C, Schmitt J, Stoetzel S, Malhan D, Hassan F, Knapp G, Heiss C, El Khassawna T. DXA reference values of the humanoid sheep model in preclinical studies. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11183. [PMID: 33986984 PMCID: PMC8092102 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Merino land sheep are a popular pre-clinical large animal model in research on systemic skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis. Interpretation of studies is difficult because many reference parameters are missing or not established. This study aims to determine the reference parameters of the skeletal system (peak bone mass = PBM, T-Score). A defined standard allows an easier comparison of the study data of the animal model with human studies (T-Score). Materials and methods A total of 116 Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry DXA measurements were performed on 74 untreated sheep. The average age of the animals was 57 months. The BMD, BMC, and fat content of the sheep were determined by the relevant human region of interest (ROI). From this, the PBM and from this the T-score for each of the animals were calculated. Results Using 682 DXA measurements BMD and BMC were determined to provide an indication to PBM. For BMD a significant correlation to the age of the animals was observed (p = 0.043). A significant correlation was also seen for BMC (B) (p ≤ 0.001). In the age-dependent analysis, a widespread of values above the linear regression line was measured for both BMD and BMC between the 50th and 90th months of life. From an age of about 90 months, a wider spread of values below the linear regression line was found, although the average values continued to rise. Discussion The evaluation of the 116 DXA measurements allowed the determination of the PBM for merino land sheep. With the help of the PBM, a T-score was calculated for each animal. The statistical analysis shows significant differences in BMD values between the different animal groups in each of the four ROIs investigated. Individual control or sham groups per study are therefore not sufficient. To improve comparability, an independent reference group should be established. Conclusion An independent reference group for PBM and a T-score was established from four to six-year-old animals. The bone density increases with the age of the animals. Around the fourth year of life, a first peak could be observed. Also, after the seventh year of life, a further peak with the beginning plateau phase was observed. When compiling a group of animals for an osteoporosis model, animals from the age of seven years should, therefore, be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Biehl
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany.,Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Jakob Schmitt
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Sabine Stoetzel
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Deeksha Malhan
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Fathi Hassan
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Gero Knapp
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany.,Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Christian Heiss
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany.,Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Thaqif El Khassawna
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
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Heiss C, Kern S, Malhan D, Böcker W, Engelhardt M, Daghma DES, Stoetzel S, Schmitt J, Ivo M, Kauschke V, Lips KS, Tushtev K, Rezwan K, El Khassawna T. A New Clinically Relevant T-Score Standard to Interpret Bone Status in a Sheep Model. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2017; 23:326-335. [PMID: 28966340 PMCID: PMC5637575 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.905561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is diagnosed by bone loss using a radiological parameter called T-score. Preclinical studies use DXA to evaluate bone status were the T-score is referenced on bone mineral density (BMD) values of the same animals before treatment. Clinically, the reference BMD represents values of an independent group of healthy patients around 30 years old. The present study established a clinically similar T-score standard to diagnose osteoporosis in a sheep model. Material/Methods We used 31 female merino land sheep (average 5.5 years old) to study osteoporosis. The following groups were compared using DXA measurement: 1) control; 2) ovariectomized (OVX); 3) OVX combined with a deficient diet (OVXD); and 4) OVXD combined with methylprednisolone administration (OVXDS). Further, an independent group of 32 healthy sheep (4–6 years old) were measured as an independent baseline. BMD was measured at 0 months, 3 months, and 8 months after treatment. Results The same significance pattern between the treated groups and either baseline groups was seen. However, using an independent baseline changed the “clinical” interpretation of the data from an osteoporotic bone status (T-score <−2.5) after 3 months of OXDS treatment into an osteopenic bone status (T-score <−1.5 to −2.4). Conclusions Using an independent baseline enhanced the statistical significance and showed the clinical relevance. Furthermore, an independent baseline is a reliable alternative to use of a new control group for future experiments and thus reduces the number of animals needed by eliminating the need for a control and corresponding to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Heiss
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kern
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Deeksha Malhan
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Böcker
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Department of General, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Engelhardt
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen-Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Diaa Eldin S Daghma
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Stoetzel
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jakob Schmitt
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Matthias Ivo
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Vivien Kauschke
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin S Lips
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kamen Tushtev
- Advanced Ceramics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kurosch Rezwan
- Advanced Ceramics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Thaqif El Khassawna
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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El Khassawna T, Merboth F, Malhan D, Böcker W, Daghma DE, Stoetzel S, Kern S, Hassan F, Rosenbaum D, Langenstein J, Bauer N, Schlagenhauf A, Rösen-Wolff A, Schulze F, Rupp M, Hose D, Secklinger A, Ignatius A, Wilke HJ, Lips KS, Heiss C. Osteocyte Regulation of Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand/Osteoprotegerin in a Sheep Model of Osteoporosis. The American Journal of Pathology 2017; 187:1686-1699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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