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Charles L, Elangovan A, Nisha Y, Jafa E, Kate V, Selvarajan S, Kayal S, Ganesh RN, Dubashi B, Penumadu P, Ganesan P. Clinicopathological features and survival outcomes for gastric adenocarcinoma: Real-world single-center data. Indian J Gastroenterol 2023:10.1007/s12664-023-01455-4. [PMID: 37948007 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer is the fifth most-common cancer and fourth common cause for cancer-related deaths globally. Surgery preceded or followed by chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is considered an optimal treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer. This study is a real-world data from a tertiary referral institute in southern India, in its experience with treating gastric adenocarcinoma over a period of four years with a minimum of two-year follow-up. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of data of patients with histologically proven gastric adenocarcinoma enrolled in the Department of Medical Oncology from 2015 to 2018. The demographic details, presentation, staging, treatment received and outcomes of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were collected and analyzed in this study. RESULTS Total 488 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were included for the study. The stage-wise distribution of patients revealed early and locally advanced (45%) and metastatic (55%). The peritoneum and liver were the common sites of metastasis. The treatment distribution of these patients included perioperative chemotherapy followed by surgery (25 [5%]), surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (65 [13%]), surgery alone (16 [3%]), perioperative chemotherapy alone (23 [4%]), palliative chemotherapy (274 [56%]) and supportive care (85 [17%]). The median overall survival for curative, palliative and supportive treatment was 23 (18-28), nine (7.6-10.4) and four (2.7-5.3) months, respectively. The two-year overall survival in the intention to treat population in the primary surgery (n = 81) and perioperative chemotherapy groups (n = 66) was 67.4% vs. 29.9% (p < 0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSION This study highlights the advanced nature of the presentation of gastric cancer patients and the poor rate of treatment completion. The median survival rates in curative patients remain to be dismally poor. The treatment sequence in curable gastric cancer of surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy vs. perioperative chemotherapy followed by surgery needs to be explored in our country.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Charles
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Archana Elangovan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Yadav Nisha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Esha Jafa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Vikram Kate
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Smita Kayal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India.
| | - Prasanth Penumadu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Prasanth Ganesan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
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Bage IJ, Kamalanathan S, Selvarajan S, Sahoo J, Jayanthi M, Naik D. The Association of Dyslipidemia and Atherogenic Indices With Glycemic Control in Diabetic Dyslipidemia Patients: A Real-World Landscape. Cureus 2023; 15:e45985. [PMID: 37900537 PMCID: PMC10601505 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia is an important comorbid factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to assess the pattern of dyslipidemia and atherogenic indices and determine its relation with glycemic control. METHODS A cross-sectional study enrolled 382 patients with diabetic dyslipidemia. The socio-demographics data, clinical features, and laboratory parameters were collected. The baseline lipid parameters such as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were measured. Atherogenic indices such as TC/HDL-C ratio, TG/HDL-C ratio, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, non-HDL-C/HDL-C and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) [log10 (TG/HDL-C)] were calculated. T2DM patients were classified into three groups based on the degree of glycemic control: Good glycemic control (HbA1C<7%), fair control (HbA1C 7-8%), and poor control (HbA1C>8%). RESULTS The population's mean age was 48.60±6.15 years, with 145 (38%) males. We found mixed dyslipidemia as the most prevalent (36.1%) form of dyslipidemia in our patients. The most common pattern in atherogenic indices was AIP (94.2%). HbA1c was positively correlated with duration of diabetes (r=0.253, p<0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, duration of diabetes (>10 years) was significantly associated with poor glycemic control with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.31(95% CI; 1.25-4.24, p=0.007). CONCLUSION The present study indicated that neither the pattern of dyslipidemia nor the atherogenic indices were markers of poor glycemic control among South Indian patients attending our tertiary care institute. However, duration of diabetes was significantly associated with poor glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Bage
- Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Jayaprakash Sahoo
- Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Mathaiyan Jayanthi
- Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Dukhabandhu Naik
- Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
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Das S, Roy A, Behera SK, Selvarajan S, Kamalanathan S, Sahoo JP, Nair NS. Effects of Vitamin D on Migraine: A Meta-Analysis. Neurol India 2023; 71:655-661. [PMID: 37635492 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.383862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level between migraineurs and nonmigraineurs, the association between hypovitaminosis D and migraine, and the effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on migraine-related symptoms as compared to placebo. Methods Relevant databases were searched for observational studies and randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) which evaluated the difference in mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level between migraineurs and nonmigraineurs; the association between hypovitaminosis D and migraine; and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on migraine-frequency, duration, and severity. Pooled mean difference and odds ratio were calculated (random-effects model, RevMan version 5.3). Results Ten observational studies and two RCTs were included. The serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level in the migraineurs was significantly lower than that in the nonmigraineurs [mean difference - 4.44 ng/mL (95% CI: -6.11, -2.77)] (low-GRADE evidence). Hypovitaminosis D was found to be significantly associated with migraine [OR: 1.95 (95% CI: 1.07, 3.58)] (low-GRADE evidence). As compared to placebo, oral vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the monthly migraine-frequency [mean difference: -2.20 (95% CI: -3.04, -1.36)]. , although it did not reduce the migraine-duration [mean difference: -16.00 hours per month (95% CI: -42.77, 10.76)] and migraine-severity score [standardized mean difference: -0.23 (95% CI: -0.79, 0.32)] (moderate-GRADE evidence). Conclusion Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level was significantly lower in the migraineurs than that in the nonmigraineurs, and hypovitaminosis D was significantly associated with migraine. Oral vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced migraine-frequency, but not its duration and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Ayan Roy
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Jaya Prakash Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - N Sreekumaran Nair
- Department of Biostatistics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Das S, Samajdar SS, Mukherjee S, Sarkar S, Sen S, Pathak A, Lundborg CS, Selvarajan S, Tripathi SK, Pal J, Chatterjee N, Joshi SR. Ten clinical pharmacological interventions in routine care to ensure better treatment outcomes. Int J Pharm Pract 2023:7146135. [PMID: 37105526 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Das
- Indian Council of Medical Research, Centre for Ageing and Mental Health, Kolkata, India
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shambo Samrat Samajdar
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Shatavisa Mukherjee
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Sougata Sarkar
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Sumalya Sen
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Ashish Pathak
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, India
| | | | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Jyotirmoy Pal
- Department of Medicine, RG Kar College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Nandini Chatterjee
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
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Bage IJ, Kamalanathan S, Selvarajan S, Sahoo J, Mathaiyan J, Naik D. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α and γ Gene Polymorphisms among South Indian Patients with Diabetic Dyslipidaemia. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2023; 27:118-126. [PMID: 37292073 PMCID: PMC10245317 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_451_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) α and γ genes play an important role in dyslipidaemia of T2DM. Aims To estimate the frequency distribution of PPAR α and γ gene polymorphisms in South Indian T2DM patients with dyslipidaemia compared to healthy controls. Normative frequencies of SNPs were established and compared with data for 1000 genome populations. Methods Eligible 382 cases and 336 age and sex-matched controls were enrolled. Six SNPs in PPARα [rs1800206 C>G (Leu162Val), rs4253778 G>C, rs135542 T>C] and PPARγ [rs3856806 (C>T), rs10865710 (C>G), rs1805192 C>G (Pro12Ala)] genes were selected for genotyping. Results The allele and gene frequencies did not significantly differ between the diabetic dyslipidaemia cases and healthy controls. However, they were significantly different from that of 1000 genome populations except for rs1800206 C>G (Leu162Val) and rs1805192 C>G (Pro12Ala). Conclusion The studied polymorphisms in PPARα and PPARγ genes are not associated with diabetic dyslipidaemia among South Indian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J. Bage
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Jayaprakash Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Jayanthi Mathaiyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Dukhabandhu Naik
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Dharanisankar S, Chandrashekar L, Selvarajan S, Rajappa M, Ramassamy S. In-vitro detection of suspected drug in maculopapular drug reaction to antibiotics using secreted cytokines from drug-specific activated T cells. Clin Exp Dermatol 2023:7031795. [PMID: 36755422 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maculopapular drug eruptions (MPE) to antibiotics are associated with enhanced expression of Th1 cytokines like IFN gamma or Th2 cytokines like IL-5. Identifying the culprit drug usually involves re-challenge, which may not be forthcoming. Memory lymphocytes remain responsive to the culprit drug long after the reaction has resolved. Upon reactivation in-vitro, there is increased proliferation and expression of certain markers which provides us with an opportunity to predict the causal drug. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to assess drug-specific cytokine production (IL-5 and IFN-gamma) in peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture supernatants to predict the causal the antibiotic in maculopapular drug eruptions. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 patients who developed MPE to various antibiotics and 11 drug-matched healthy controls were incubated for five days with the respective drugs at two different concentrations. Cytokines secreted were measured in the supernatants at 6 hours, day 2 and day 5 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IL-5 and IFN-gamma. RESULTS Drug-specific IL-5 and IFN-gamma production could be demonstrated in 65% and 73.6% of the cases, respectively. Maximal secretion of IL-5 and IFN-gamma were observed on day 5 and day 2 of incubation, respectively. The cut-off Delta values, which are the difference in cytokine concentration of the drug-stimulated and unstimulated samples, were 4 pg/ml and 6 pg/ml for IL-5 and IFN-gamma, respectively. CONCLUSION The measurement of drug-specific secretion of IL-5 and IFN-gamma using ELISA is a valuable method for detecting antibiotic-induced maculopapular exanthema.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Medha Rajappa
- Department of Biochemistry, JIPMER, Pondicherry, India
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Dubashi B, L C, Nisha Y, Ganesh RN, Kate V, Penumadu P, Selvarajan S, Raja K, Kayal S, Ganesan P. Immunohistochemistry-based molecular classification of gastric cancer in India: How are we different? J Clin Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
462 Background: TCGA and ACRG have classified gastric cancer (GC) into molecular subgroups using genomics. We attempted to classify GC from our region using IHC (Immunohistochemistry) to understand its prognostic significance and compare with similar data from other parts of the world. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort of GC patients from years 2017-18. EBV (LMP), MSI (MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, MSH6),p53, E-cadherin and PIK3CA were assessed by IHC. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival were evaluated for association with molecular subtypes as defined by TCGA and ACRG classification system. Results: A total of 191patients were included with EBV positivity 35 (18.3 %), MSI 33(17.3 %), p-53 aberration 25(13.1%), E-cadherin negative (29.3%). On univariate analysis, p53 aberration was associated with higher age (>60 yrs), E- cadherin negative with diffuse histology & antro-pyloric region as predominant site. MSI with intestinal histology & antro-pyloric region as predominant site with MSI. The TCGA classification revealed EBV 35 (18%), MSI 28 (15 % ), GS 48 (25 %) and CIN 80 (42% ) subtypes respectively. CIN subtype was seen predominantly above 40 yrs of age (P=0.04), GS subtype was frequently associated with diffuse histology P<0.0001. The ACRG classification revealed MSI 33(17%), MSS/EMT 51 (26.7%), MSS/ p53 normal 91 (47.6%) and MSS/p53 aberrant 16 (8.4) subtypes. MSS/E-cad- subtype was associated with diffuse histology. PIK3CA positivity was higher in CIN (TCGA )& MSI (dmr) (ACRG) respectively. The median OS in MSI was 35 and 32 months higher compared to other subtypes (P<0.0001) in TCGA and ACRG classification respectively. Conclusions: The TCGA and ACRG classification identified molecular subtypes based on IHC from our region and significantly correlated with clinical factors and survival. PIK3CA as an additional marker may be further explored to be included in the classification system. Abbreviation: EBV - Epstein–Barr-virus, MSI – Microsatellite-Instability, GS- Genomic-instability, CIN- Chromosomal-instability, MSS- Microsatellite-stable, EMT-Epithelial-mesenchymal-transition.[Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Dubashi
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Charles L
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Yadav Nisha
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | | | - Prasanth Penumadu
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research Jipmer, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Kalayarasan Raja
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Prasanth Ganesan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Dhanavantri Nagar, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
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Palui R, Sahoo J, Kamalanathan S, Kar SS, Selvarajan S, Durgia H. Correction to: Palui R, Sahoo J, Kamalanathan S, Kar SS, Selvarajan S, Durgia H. Effect of cabergoline monotherapy in Cushing' disease: an individual participant data meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest. 2018 Dec; 41(12):1445-1455. Doi: 10.1007/s40618-018-0936-7. Epub 2018 Aug 10. PMID: 30097903. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:899-900. [PMID: 35018618 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Palui
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India, 605006
| | - J Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India, 605006.
| | - S Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India, 605006
| | - S S Kar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - S Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - H Durgia
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India, 605006
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Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer has poor outcomes with standard therapy and limited options for treatment of recurrent disease. This systematic review summarizes the data on the clinical use of repurposed drugs. We searched for clinical studies using "repurposed" agents for the treatment of ovarian cancer in the following databases: PubMed, clinicaltrials.gov, Clinical Trial Registry of India, European Clinical Trials Registry, and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. We excluded reviews, preclinical studies, and non-English language studies. We assessed the quality of included studies. The following agents/class of agents were included: statins, hydroxychloroquine, metformin, itraconazole, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamin D, proton pump inhibitors, beta-blockers, and sodium valproate. Only one randomized controlled trial investigated metformin, which found no benefit of metformin. However, this had a high risk of bias (no details of randomization). Among the observational studies, 70% were of high quality (Newcastle-Ottawa scale ≥7). Clinical benefit was seen for itraconazole, beta-blockers, metformin, statins, and proton pump inhibitors. Though multiple studies aim to repurpose agents in epithelial ovarian cancer, the most published literature is observational, and none are practice-changing. Given the solid preclinical data regarding the anticancer efficacy of these agents, well-designed clinical trials are urgently required.
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Selvarajan S, Anandaradje A, Shivabasappa S, Melepurakkal Sadanandan D, Nair NS, George M. Efficacy of pharmacological interventions in COVID-19: A network meta-analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 88:4080-4091. [PMID: 35357033 PMCID: PMC9111227 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To perform network meta-analysis for a head-to-head comparison of various interventions used in COVID - 19 on mortality, clinical recovery, time to clinical improvement and the occurrence of serious adverse events. METHODS Systematic search was performed using online databases with suitable MeSH terms including coronavirus, COVID-19, Randomized Controlled Trial, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, tocilizumab, remdesivir, favipiravir, dexamethasone, and interferon-β. Data were independently extracted by two study investigators and analysed. RESULTS Out of 1225 studies screened, 23 were included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Among the drugs studied, dexamethasone reduces mortality by 10%, with a relative risk (RR) of 0.90 (95% CI [0.82-0.97]) and increases clinical recovery by 6% (RR 1.06, 95% CI [1.02-1.10]) compared to standard of care. Similarly, remdesivir administered for 10 days increased clinical recovery by 10%, reduced time to clinical improvement by 4 days and lowered the occurrence of serious adverse events by 27% as compared to standard of care. CONCLUSION In comparison to standard of care, dexamethasone was found to increase clinical recovery and lower mortality; remdesivir was significantly associated with a lower risk of mortality as compared to tocilizumab and higher clinical recovery and shorter time to clinical improvement as compared to HCQ and tocilizumab; remdesivir followed by tocilizumab were found to have lesser occurrence of serious adverse events in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Melvin George
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, SRMIST, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
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Das S, Selvarajan S, Kamalanathan S, Parameswaran S, Zachariah B. A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial Evaluating the Efficacy of Oral Cholecalciferol in Improving Renal and Vascular Functions in Vitamin D-Deficient Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diet Suppl 2021; 20:44-54. [PMID: 34387520 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.1958041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of cholecalciferol in improving renal and vascular functions in vitamin D-deficient patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) along with chronic kidney disease (CKD). One hundred patients (18 - 65 years), having T2DM along with CKD (stage IIIA and IIIB) and hypovitaminosis D were randomized (1:1) to receive either oral cholecalciferol 60,000 IU (Group A) or placebo (Group B) weekly for 8 weeks along with standard background treatment. They were followed up for another 24 weeks. Various parameters of renal and vascular functions were compared. Except for serum calcium and phosphate levels which were significantly higher in Group A (p < 0.001), there was no significant difference in any of the biochemical or vascular parameters between the two groups at 8 weeks. There were comparable changes in urinary albumin-creatinine ratio and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in the two groups at 8 and 24 weeks. There was no improvement in any of the vascular parameters from the corresponding baseline values in the two groups at 8 and 32 weeks. No improvement in renal and vascular functions was observed following treatment with oral cholecalciferol in patients with T2DM and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
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Kamalanathan S, Das S, Srinivasan A, Anandabaskar N, Sahoo J, Selvarajan S. Effect of vitamin D on arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes patients with intermediate chronic kidney disease. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-021-00960-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Sivagourounadin K, Rajendran P, Selvarajan S, Ganesapandian M. Agreement among different scales for causality assessment in drug-induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis. Curr Drug Saf 2021; 17:40-46. [PMID: 34126908 DOI: 10.2174/1574886316666210611160123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Identification of the offending drug is crucial and challenging in cases of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADR) like Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Poor reproducibility and varying levels of agreement have been observed among different causality assessment tools (CATs) in assessing severe CADRs. This study was conducted to examine the agreement among four different CATs in assessing cases of drug-induced SJS, TEN and SJS/TEN overlap. METHODS All cases of drug-induced SJS, TEN and SJS/TEN overlap, which were reported between January 2012 and January 2020 were identified from the ADR register at an ADR monitoring center. Causality assessment was done in these reported cases using the following CATs: The World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) scale, Naranjo algorithm, Liverpool algorithm and Algorithm of drug causality for epidermal necrolysis (ALDEN). Weighted kappa (κw) test was used to calculate the agreement among four CATs. RESULTS A total of 30 cases of drug-induced SJS, TEN and SJS/TEN overlap were included in our analyses. The most common offending group of drugs were anticonvulsants (46.7%), antimicrobials (40%) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (13.3%). Of the anticonvulsants, phenytoin (13.3%), carbamazepine (10%) and valproate (10%) were the commonly reported offending drugs. Poor agreement was observed among the four different causality assessment scales. CONCLUSION Discrepancies were observed among four different CATs in assessing drug-induced SJS and TEN. A CAT that is more specific to drug-induced SJS and TEN, simple, user-friendly with limited subjective interpretation, incorporating new immunological and pharmacogenetic markers is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiruthika Sivagourounadin
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical college and hospital, Puducherry-605017, India
| | - Priyadharsini Rajendran
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry-605006, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry-605006, India
| | - Mahalakshmi Ganesapandian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry-605006, India
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Lancaster P, Selvarajan S, Dasari K. 739 The Management and Outcomes of Patients with Fractured Neck of Femur During The COVID-19 Pandemic; A District General Hospital Experience. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8135826 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The UK announced a “lockdown” in response to COVID-19 on 23/03/2020, despite this NHS England did not anticipate a significant decrease in hip fracture cases. Early data from Europe had shown mortality rates of up to 30.4% in patients who develop COVID-19 and a hip fracture.
Method
Prospective study of patients presenting with a hip fracture between 23/03/2020 and 18/05/2020. Primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and COVID-19 status. Secondary outcomes were length of stay, discharge destination and readmission.
Results
50 patients identified, mean age 82. 49 patients underwent operation, 34 (69.4%) within 48 hours of admission. 14 Patients (28%) tested positive for COVID-19 within 30 days. 30-day mortality was 10% (n = 5). 2 patients who died were COVID-19 positive. Mean length of stay was 12.3 days. 7 patients (14%) re-admitted within 30 days, 4 with COVID-19.
Conclusions
Despite extra strain on the hospital, we believe we achieved good outcomes for this cohort. Compared to previous NHFD data we decreased our length of stay and time to operation. 30-day mortality increased (8.4% in 2018) but we believe this to be expected in vulnerable patients during a pandemic. We hope to take lessons we have learnt during the pandemic into the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lancaster
- George Eliot Hospital, Nuneaton, United Kingdom
| | | | - K Dasari
- George Eliot Hospital, Nuneaton, United Kingdom
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Selvarajan S, Srinivasan A, Surendran D, Mathaiyan J, Kamalanathan S. Association of genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor ( ApaI, TaqI and FokI) with vitamin D and glycemic status in type 2 diabetes patients from Southern India. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2021; 36:183-187. [PMID: 33735953 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2020-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of VDR polymorphisms (FokI, TaqI and ApaI) with vitamin D levels and glycemic status in type 2 diabetes patients from Southern India. METHODS In this observational study, genotype frequencies and vitamin D levels of 200 cases (type 2 diabetes patients) were compared with 300 controls (unrelated anonymised stored samples of healthy volunteers) from south India. Serum 25 (OH) D levels were measured by immunoassay technique, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured using HPLC and genotyping of VDR polymorphisms were carried out using Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT PCR). RESULTS About 69.2% of type 2 diabetes patients were found to have vitamin D deficiency. FokI polymorphism showed variations in serum 25 (OH) D levels, with AA and AG genotypes having significantly lower serum 25 (OH) D levels as compared to GG [13.24 (8.4) ng/ml, 15.02 (7.07) ng/ml and 20.67 (13.64) ng/ml respectively]. There was no difference in HbA1c levels with respect to the vitamin D levels and VDR polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS AA and AG genotypes of FokI polymorphisms are associated with low serum 25 (OH) D levels. However there was no association between VDR polymorphisms and glycemic status in south Indian type 2 diabetes patients.
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Selvarajan S, Srinivasan A, Surendran D, Mathaiyan J, Kamalanathan S. Association of genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor ( ApaI, TaqI and FokI) with vitamin D and glycemic status in type 2 diabetes patients from Southern India. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2021; 0:dmdi-2020-0178. [PMID: 33730772 DOI: 10.1515/dmdi-2020-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of VDR polymorphisms (FokI, TaqI and ApaI) with vitamin D levels and glycemic status in type 2 diabetes patients from Southern India. METHODS In this observational study, genotype frequencies and vitamin D levels of 200 cases (type 2 diabetes patients) were compared with 300 controls (unrelated anonymised stored samples of healthy volunteers) from south India. Serum 25 (OH) D levels were measured by immunoassay technique, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured using HPLC and genotyping of VDR polymorphisms were carried out using Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT PCR). RESULTS About 69.2% of type 2 diabetes patients were found to have vitamin D deficiency. FokI polymorphism showed variations in serum 25 (OH) D levels, with AA and AG genotypes having significantly lower serum 25 (OH) D levels as compared to GG [13.24 (8.4) ng/ml, 15.02 (7.07) ng/ml and 20.67 (13.64) ng/ml respectively]. There was no difference in HbA1c levels with respect to the vitamin D levels and VDR polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS AA and AG genotypes of FokI polymorphisms are associated with low serum 25 (OH) D levels. However there was no association between VDR polymorphisms and glycemic status in south Indian type 2 diabetes patients.
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Narayanan N, Palui R, Merugu C, Kar SS, Kamalanathan S, Sahoo J, Selvarajan S, Naik D. The Risk of Fractures in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Meta-Analysis. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10482. [PMID: 33869997 PMCID: PMC8046118 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common metabolic bone disease affecting 1% of the adult population. Patients with PHPT have reduced BMD, especially at the cortical bone. However, studies evaluating its impact on fracture risk have shown contradictory results. In an effort to further inform fracture risk for this patient population, a meta‐analysis of studies of fracture in patients with PHPT compared with a control population was undertaken. Articles were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, Excerpta Medica, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, and Web of Science bibliographic databases. The meta‐analysis included 17 studies involving 3807 PHPT cases and 11,908 controls. The primary outcome was to determine the risk of vertebral fracture (VF), nonvertebral fracture, hip fracture, distal radius fracture, and total fracture (TF) among patients with PHPT in comparison with a control population. BMD (lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and distal radius) and serum 25‐hydroxy vitamin D level, as well as possible predictors of VF as secondary outcomes were assessed. From this meta‐analysis, it was found that there was a significantly increased risk of VF (risk ratio [RR], 2.57; 95% CI, 1.3–5.09; p = 0.007) and TF (RR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.48–1.97; p < 0.00001) in patients with PHPT. There was a significant decrease in BMD in patients with PHPT versus controls at all four sites. Older age, longer duration since menopause, and lower BMD at lumbar spine and distal radius were predictors for VF. To conclude, patients with PHPT had a significantly higher risk for VF and TF in comparison with controls. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niya Narayanan
- Department of Endocrinology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India
| | - Rajan Palui
- Department of Endocrinology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India
| | - Chandhana Merugu
- Department of Endocrinology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India
| | - Sitanshu Sekhar Kar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India
| | - Jayaprakash Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India
| | - Dukhabandhu Naik
- Department of Endocrinology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India
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18
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Thakkar DN, Ramasamy K, Adithan S, Selvarajan S, Dubashi B. Frequency and risk factors of bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity in South Indian patients with germ-cell tumors. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:443-449. [PMID: 34121690 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_348_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Aim Bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) regimen is the standard treatment for germ-cell tumors (GCTs). Bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity (BPT) is fatal and dose-limiting toxicity associated with this regimen. In this study, we aimed to identify the frequency and risk factors of BPT in South Indian GCT patients receiving BEP regimen. Patients and Methods The study was carried out in the Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre at a tertiary care hospital in South India. All the patients with GCT (testicular and ovarian) who were receiving BEP regimen from December 2014 to May 2018 were included in the study. BPT was defined as the presence of radiological features and/or clinical symptoms during or post-treatment. Results BPT was observed in 11 (27%) patients of 41 analyzed patients. Five (12%) patients developed BPT during treatment whereas six (15%) patients developed BPT post-treatment. Cumulative bleomycin dose ≥240 mg (relative risk 3.8, confidence interval: 1.2-12.2,P =0.02) was found to increase the risk of BPT. Three-year overall survival in patients with and without toxicity was 82% and 93%, respectively. Conclusions The frequency of BPT in the study population is 27%, and cumulative bleomycin dose ≥240 mg has been found to be associated with increased risk of developing BPT. BPT does not negatively impact survival outcome in GCT patients receiving BEP regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimpal N Thakkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Kesavan Ramasamy
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Subathra Adithan
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
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Maiti T, Das S, Ramasamy A, Stanley Xavier A, Kumar Behera S, Selvarajan S. An overview on medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid dependence. J Opioid Manag 2020; 16:141-149. [PMID: 32329889 DOI: 10.5055/jom.2020.0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this article, a broad overview of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid dependence has been provided. Significant benefits of commonly used drugs (buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone-based regimens) along with the therapeutic aspects of other available options are highlighted. Salient points on each or individual drug therapy, comparison of pharmacological profiles of dif-ferent drugs, effective clinical practice in different scenarios, relevant drug interactions, and safety issues in various populations have been emphasized. Finally, special issues, such as cost-effectiveness of different medication regimens, community-based approach, dealing with a special population, and upcoming new treatment modalities of MAT have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanay Maiti
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Anand Ramasamy
- Department of Pharmacology, MDA School of Pharmacy, Latur, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachan-dra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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20
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Thakkar DN, Prapath I, Adithan S, Ramasamy K, Selvarajan S, Dubashi B. Variants in XPC, Noxa and TLR4 genes are not associated with bleomycin-induced lung injury in Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Per Med 2020; 17:203-212. [PMID: 32320335 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2019-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Pulmonary toxicity is a well-known adverse reaction of bleomycin. In this study, we investigated the influence of XPC, PMAIP1/Noxa and TLR4 genetic variants on the development of bleomycin-induced lung injury (BILI) in south Indian patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Materials & methods: Hodgkin lymphoma patients receiving adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine regimen were recruited for the study and BILI was diagnosed based on symptoms and/or radiological signs. DNA samples were genotyped using real-time PCR. Results: A total of 78 patients were recruited in the study and BILI was observed in 17 (21.8%) patients. Polymorphisms in XPC, PMAIP1/Noxa and TLR4 genes were not associated with the development of BILI. Conclusion: The selected genetic polymorphisms do not predict the risk of BILI in south Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimpal N Thakkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Indumathi Prapath
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Subathra Adithan
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Kesavan Ramasamy
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry 605006, India
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21
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Zhao Z, Takano A, Lim AST, Lim TH, Selvarajan S. Metastatic alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma on the fine-needle aspiration cytology of cervical lymph node in an elderly patient, with FISH confirmation: A case report. Malays J Pathol 2020; 42:115-119. [PMID: 32342940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) usually occurs in adolescents and young adults, and most frequently arises in the extremities. CASE REPORT We present a rare case of metastatic alveolar RMS from a nasal primary to cervical lymph nodes (LNs) in an elderly patient, diagnosed on the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. Smears showed malignant round cells featuring focal rhabdoid appearance, with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation further supported by immunocytochemical stains. Diagnosis of alveolar RMS was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) identifying FOXO1 gene involvement with dual colour break-apart probes at locus 13q14. DISCUSSION The differential diagnosis for a small round blue cell tumour in the elderly generally includes metastatic small cell carcinoma, lymphoma, malignant melanoma, RMS, desmoplastic small round cell tumour and Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumour. Subtle morphological analysis and expression pattern of immunostaining for skeletal muscle differentiation led to the diagnosis of RMS. Cytogenetic testing on the FOXO1 gene rearrangement helps definite subtyping of alveolar RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhao
- Singapore General Hospital, Division of Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore.
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22
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Palui R, Das RR, Roy A, Kamalanathan S, Kar SS, Sahoo J, Selvarajan S, Satapathy AK. Parathyroid Hormone Replacement versus Oral Calcium and Active Vitamin D Supplementation in Hypoparathyroidism: A Meta-analysis. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2020; 24:206-214. [PMID: 32699792 PMCID: PMC7333760 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_579_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic hypoparathyroidism is treated conventionally with active vitamin D and high doses of calcium. Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (PTH) replacement is an attractive option for treating patients with hypoparathyroidism since it can replace the physiological action of native PTH. The aim of our study was to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of PTH replacement on calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism, and daily requirement of calcium and active vitamin D. MATERIALS AND METHODS Randomized controlled trials done in chronic hypoparathyroid patients were included in this meta-analysis. The PTH group included subjects receiving a subcutaneous injection of either PTH (1-84) or PTH (1-34) with oral calcium and/or active vitamin D. The control group included those receiving oral calcium and active vitamin D with/without subcutaneous placebo injection. The primary outcome of this meta-analysis was to compare serum calcium, 24-h urinary calcium, and severe adverse effects among PTH and control groups. RESULTS In this meta-analysis, we did not find any difference in serum calcium level between PTH and control groups [mean difference (MD) - 0.01; 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.09, 0.06; P = 0.71]. Although there was a trend towards low 24-h urinary calcium in the PTH group, the difference was not statistically significant (MD - 1.43; 95% CI - 2.89, 0.03; P = 0.06). The incidence of serious adverse events was also similar in both groups (RR 1.35; 95% CI 0.58, 3.16; P = 0.49). CONCLUSION Both PTH and active vitamin D therapies are associated with comparable serum and urine calcium levels with a similar incidence of serious adverse events in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Palui
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Rashmi Ranjan Das
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ayan Roy
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sitanshu Sekhar Kar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Jayaprakash Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Amit Kumar Satapathy
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Lim T, Lim S, Yeap Y, Ng Y, What C, Ho K, Tien S, Selvarajan S. Clinical utility of the TFE3 break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) assay in malignant tumours. Pathology 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.01.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Mony A, Chandrashekar L, Rajappa M, Munisamy M, Sahoo JP, Selvarajan S. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on clinical outcome and biochemical profile in South Indian population with vitamin D-deficient chronic urticarial - A randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 504:1-6. [PMID: 31926152 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic urticaria (CU) is a debilitating inflammatory skin disease. Prior studies have shown reduced concentrations of vitamin D in CU and there are limited reports of potential beneficial role for vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of subjects with CU. We assessed the effect of vitamin D supplementation in vitamin D deficient CU patients on the clinical outcome and inflammatory markers in South Indian patients with CU. METHODS This randomized controlled trial involved 120 vitamin-D deficient CU patients. Urticaria activity score (UAS7) and autologous plasma skin test (APST) status was assessed in all cases. CU patients were supplemented with vitamin D with a dose of 60,000 IU fortnightly for a period of 12 weeks and those in the placebo arm received matched placebo. Five milliliters of blood was drawn from all study subjects at baseline and after 12 weeks for assessing inflammatory markers. RESULTS We observed a significant reduction in UAS7 scores after 12 weeks in the vitamin D treated group in comparison to that of placebo. We also noted a significant reduction of the inflammatory cytokines in the vitamin D treated group. CONCLUSION Supplementation with vitamin D among patients with vitamin D deficient CU significantly decreases disease severity which is probably mediated through reduction of systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Mony
- Departments of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Laxmisha Chandrashekar
- Departments of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
| | - Medha Rajappa
- Departments of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Malathi Munisamy
- Departments of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Jaya Prakash Sahoo
- Departments of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Behera SK, Selvarajan S, Mathews J, Shajil C, Das S, Munisamy M, Xavier AS. A Novel Desensitization Protocol for Infliximab Hypersensitivity in a 13-Year Old Patient with Pustular Psoriasis. Curr Drug Saf 2020; 14:158-162. [PMID: 30659548 DOI: 10.2174/1574886314666190119115632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug hypersensitivity reactions to infliximab have been reported in pediatric patients. At times, these patients may need infliximab administration in spite of hypersensitivity. However, only a few reports of desensitization protocols are available in the literature in pediatric patients. CASE REPORT We report a case of immediate hypersensitivity reaction to intravenous infliximab in a 13-year-old child suffering from pustular psoriasis who eventually underwent a 14 step desensitization protocol for the administration of infliximab in a pediatric intensive care unit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Although our desensitization protocol was safe and effective, we recommend the entire desensitization procedure to be performed under the supervision of experienced personnel in a pediatric intensive care unit. Future studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Jerene Mathews
- Department of Dermatology & STD, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Chandana Shajil
- Department of Dermatology & STD, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Malathi Munisamy
- Department of Dermatology & STD, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Loong S, Selvarajan S, Khor LY. A radiological and histological comparison of two unusual adrenal incidentalomas. Malays J Pathol 2019; 41:327-331. [PMID: 31901917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The increasing use of radiological imaging studies has given rise to 'incidentalomas'. CASE REPORT We describe two unusual and diverse incidental adrenal gland lesions, an adenomatoid nodule and a mature ganglioneuroma. Both are deemed 'indeterminate' on radiological assessment. On histology, an adenomatoid nodule is composed of variably-dilated thin-walled cysts lined by bland flattened cells and solid areas of tubules lined by eosinophilic cells with plump nuclei and prominent nucleoli. The lining cells are immunoreactive for calretinin and WT1 while negative for CK5/6, ERG and CD31. Mature ganglioneuroma features fascicles of bland spindle cells with intermixed mature ganglion cells disposed within a background myxoid stroma with no immature neuroblastic component. These spindled Schwann cells are S100 positive. DISCUSSION Both adenomatoid nodule and mature ganglioneuroma are rare benign adrenal tumours that need to be differentiated from other, more common adrenal lesions. The management of adrenal incidentalomas is challenging. Surgical excision is indicated if an adrenal incidentaloma is more than 4 cm in size, shows malignant features on imaging or evidence of hormone excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Loong
- Singapore General Hospital, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore.
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Das S, Behera SK, Ramakrishnan K, Ganesapandian M, Munuswamy H, Selvarajan S. A complex interaction between antitubercular treatment and acenocoumarol. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 76:133-135. [PMID: 31664473 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-019-02776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Kirubakaran Ramakrishnan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Mahalakshmi Ganesapandian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Hemachandren Munuswamy
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India.
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Selvarajan S, Manohar H, Das S, Sakkarabani P, Kandasamy P. Lithium prophylaxis in early-onset Bipolar disorder: a descriptive study. Asian J Psychiatr 2019; 44:172-174. [PMID: 31394485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2019.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Subjects fulfilling DSM 5 criteria of Bipolar I disorder with onset before 18 years on Lithium prophylaxis were included. A total of 575 subjects with Bipolar Disorder were screened, 141 had early-onset Bipolar disorder, 72 patients were on Lithium and 52 provided informed consent and entered the study. Thirty-four were in the prospective group, and 18 were in the retrospective arm. Mean age at onset was 16.13 (1.40) years. About 31% (n = 16) were initiated on Lithium following first episode. Mean age at initiating lithium was 19.73 (3.82) years. Clinical profile and treatment response of early-onset bipolar disorder in the Indian context needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhiya Selvarajan
- JIPMER, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Dhanvantri Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Harshini Manohar
- JIPMER, Department of Psychiatry, Dhanvantri Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Saibal Das
- JIPMER, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Dhanvantri Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | | | - Preeti Kandasamy
- JIPMER, Department of Psychiatry, Dhanvantri Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India.
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Karthika A, Karuppasamy P, Selvarajan S, Suganthi A, Rajarajan M. Electrochemical sensing of nicotine using CuWO 4 decorated reduced graphene oxide immobilized glassy carbon electrode. Ultrason Sonochem 2019; 55:196-206. [PMID: 30878204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel and selective electrochemical sensing of nicotine is studied using copper tungstate decorated reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (CuWO4/rGO) nafion (Nf) immobilized GC electrode (GCE). The CuWO4/rGO nanocomposite is synthesized using sonication method and characterized by HR-TEM (High resolution transmission electron microscopy), SEM (Scanning electron microscopy), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SAED (Selected area of electron diffraction pattern), XRD (X-ray diffraction), Raman spectroscopy, Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and EDX (Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction) techniques. The CuWO4/rGO/Nf immobilized GCE shows better electrocatalytic response for the detection of nicotine as compared to bare GCE. A better selectivity and sensitivity is achieved using CuWO4/rGO/Nf immobilized GCE to detect 0.1 µM nicotine in the presence of 100-fold excess concentrations of different interferents. The present CuWO4/rGO/Nf immobilized GCE electrochemical sensor exhibits an ample range of sensing from 0.1 µM to 0.9 µM and the low detection limit is found to be 0.035 µM (S/N = 3). Comparable results are achieved for the determination of nicotine in various real samples such as cigarettes (Gold flake and Wills) and urine samples with improved recoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karthika
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Karuppasamy
- Anna University Regional Campus - Tirunelveli, Tirunelveli 627007, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Selvarajan
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A Suganthi
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, Tamilnadu, India; Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal 624 102, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - M Rajarajan
- Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 02, Tamilnadu, India.
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Behera SK, Das S, Xavier AS, Selvarajan S, Anandabaskar N. Indian Council of Medical Research's National Ethical Guidelines for biomedical and health research involving human participants: The way forward from 2006 to 2017. Perspect Clin Res 2019; 10:108-114. [PMID: 31404208 PMCID: PMC6647898 DOI: 10.4103/picr.picr_10_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recently published the third revised guidelines "National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Health-Related Research Involving Human Participants" in 2017. The changes to the guidelines were needed to acculturate the rapid advances in the research environment and advances in science and technology. The revised guidelines propose substantial changes/ modifications compared to the previous version. These include the introduction of broad consent, ethical issues related to deception, review of multi-centric research by a single ethics committee and ethical issues involved in implementation research and other issues related to public health research. The revised guidelines also incorporate modifications and minor changes to the previous version. Although most of the changes in the revised guidelines are in parallel to most of the international guidelines, we have also highlighted the minor differences compared to other international guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
- IEC (Human Studies), Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Nishanthi Anandabaskar
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India
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Das S, Ramakrishnan K, Behera SK, Ganesapandian M, Xavier AS, Selvarajan S. Hepatitis B Vaccine and Immunoglobulin: Key Concepts. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2019; 7:165-171. [PMID: 31293917 PMCID: PMC6609845 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2018.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunization is safe and has been accepted worldwide as a routine practice. The target of such vaccination is to induce the immune response in the host, resulting in the prevention of replication of HBV. There are several immunological and clinical factors which determine the clinical efficacy and safety of the HBV vaccine. In this article we have highlighted the response of the host immune system to HBV vaccination (immunogenicity), efficacy, and safety of the vaccine, issues with booster dosing, paths of development (preclinical and clinical) of the HBV vaccine, novel and upcoming strategies for improvement of HBV vaccination, and the concept of therapeutic HBV vaccination. The different aspects and regulatory recommendations pertaining to HBV vaccine development are also discussed. The new strategies for improvement of HBV vaccination include pre-S1 and pre-S2 portions of the HBV surface antigen, increasing the antigen dose, accelerated vaccination schedules, alternative vaccination route, use of adjuvants like immunostimulatory DNA sequences, etc. Therapeutic vaccination is being explored for initiation of a multifunctional and multispecific T cell response against the major HBV antigens and also effective activation of humoral immunity for viral control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Kirubakaran Ramakrishnan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Mahalakshmi Ganesapandian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Srinivasan A, Selvarajan S, Kamalanathan S, Kadhiravan T, Prasanna Lakshmi NC, Adithan S. Effect of Curcuma longa on vascular function in native Tamilians with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, parallel arm, placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1898-1911. [PMID: 31155769 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by increased central arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction leading to increased risk of cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Curcuma longa on arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This randomized controlled trial was conducted in 136 patients of type 2 diabetes. Among them, 114 completed at least one follow-up visit and included for data analysis. Arterial stiffness parameters were measured at baseline and every month for 3 months and endothelial dysfunction markers at baseline and after 3 months of treatment with C. longa or placebo. These parameters were compared between the two groups. Both C. longa and placebo groups were comparable at baseline. After 3 months of treatment, C. longa produced significant reduction from baseline in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (p = .002), left brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (p = .001), aortic augmentation pressure (p = .007), aortic augmentation index (p = .007), and aortic augmentation index at heart rate 75 (p = .018) as compared with the placebo group. Three months treatment with C. longa significantly decreases arterial stiffness as compared with placebo in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
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Stanley Xavier A, Selvarajan S, Chandrasekar L, Kamalanathan S. Effect of Cholecalciferol Supplementation on Treatment Response and IL-10 Level in Vitamin D Deficient Parthenium Dermatitis Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Diet Suppl 2019; 17:415-428. [PMID: 31124381 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2019.1619009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis following exposure to Parthenium is a chronic disease associated with frequent relapses and significant disturbance in the quality of life. The affected patients have lower circulating levels and decreased expression of IL-10. Hence, measures to increase its level may enhance the therapeutic outcome. The clinical trial was undertaken to evaluate the effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on treatment response and IL-10 level in Parthenium dermatitis patients with vitamin D deficiency. A total of 72 patients were recruited and randomized to receive either cholecalciferol tablet 60,000 IU per week or matching placebo for 8 weeks with standard background treatment. Eczema Area Severity Index (EASI) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks while IL-10 and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured at baseline and 8 weeks. Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and IL-10 showed a significant rise in both placebo and vitamin D groups following the intervention. The relatively higher increase in IL-10 level observed in the vitamin D group was statistically insignificant compared to placebo group. Significant reduction in EASI, as well as DLQI scores, was noted after 1 and 2 months, but the reduction in these scales was not significantly different between the groups. Cholecalciferol supplementation for 2 months did not reduce the disease severity in clinically diagnosed Parthenium dermatitis patients. However, treatment initiation significantly improved plasma IL-10 levels after 2 months in both placebo and cholecalciferol groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, India
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Abstract
Aim: Although drug-drug interactions (DDIs) cause major adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients under polypharmacy, the risk of some specific DDIs may be overrated in literature and different software. This study was conducted to determine the frequency and type of potential and clinically significant DDIs among inpatients admitted in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted for 30 days. Preformatted forms were used to collect data on the second day of admission. “Medscape Drug Interaction Checker” was used to evaluate and grade the DDIs. All the potential serious DDIs were intimated to the treating physicians and their responses in the prescriptions were noted. The same patients were followed up to evaluate the occurrence of any clinically significant DDIs. Results: A total of 763 drugs with 125 discrete types were prescribed in 155 patients with an average of 4.9 drugs per patient. One hundred and eight minor, 169 significant, and 24 serious potential DDIs were identified. Patient's age did not correlate, but number of drugs prescribed strongly correlated (P < 0.001) with the incidence of different types of DDIs. The prescription was modified in only 6 (25%) cases where potential serious DDIs were reported. Interestingly, no ADRs or impaired efficacy was observed due to the potential serious DDIs. Conclusion: There was a disparity between the potential and clinically relevant DDIs. Hence, clinical prudency is required before changing prescription due to potential DDIs reported by different software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Subrahmanyam Dharanipragada
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Raj H, Durgia H, Palui R, Kamalanathan S, Selvarajan S, Kar SS, Sahoo J. SGLT-2 inhibitors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. World J Diabetes 2019; 10:114-132. [PMID: 30788048 PMCID: PMC6379733 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i2.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common comorbidity with type 2 diabetes. The existing therapeutic options for NAFLD are not adequate. Hypocaloric diet and exercise is the cornerstone of therapy in NAFLD. Pioglitazone is the only drug recommended in diabetes patients with biopsy proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The frequent coexistence of NAFLD and type 2 diabetes with their combined adverse health consequences and inadequate therapeutic options makes it necessary to search for newer alternatives. AIM To assess the effect of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on liver enzymes in type 2 diabetes patients with NAFLD. METHODS We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane library, Google scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov for the relevant articles to be included in this systematic review. Human studies done in type 2 diabetes patients with NAFLD treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors for at least 12 wk were included. Data from eight studies (four randomised controlled trials and four observational studies) were extracted and a narrative synthesis was done. A total of 214 patients were treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors in these studies (94 in randomised controlled trials and 120 in observational studies). RESULTS The primary outcome measure was change in serum alanine aminotransferase level. Out of eight studies, seven studies showed a significant decrease in serum alanine aminotransferase level. Most of the studies revealed reduction in serum level of other liver enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transferase. Five studies that reported a change in hepatic fat exhibited a significant reduction in hepatic fat content in those treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors. Likewise, among the three studies that evaluated a change in indices of hepatic fibrosis, two studies revealed a significant improvement in liver fibrosis. Moreover, there was an improvement in obesity, insulin resistance, glycaemia, and lipid parameters in those subjects taking SGLT-2 inhibitors. The studies disclosed that about 17% (30/176) of the subjects taking SGLT-2 inhibitors developed adverse events and more than 40% (10/23) of them had genitourinary tract infections. CONCLUSION Based on low to moderate quality of evidence, SGLT-2 inhibitors improve the serum level of liver enzymes, decrease liver fat, and fibrosis with additional beneficial effects on various metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henith Raj
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Harsh Durgia
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Rajan Palui
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Sitanshu Sekhar Kar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Jayaprakash Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, India
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Selvarajan S, Sudha M. Hybrid approach towards feature selection for breast tumour classification from screening mammograms. IJBET 2019. [DOI: 10.1504/ijbet.2019.10022030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rajaram M, Selvarajan S, Neelamegan R, Kamalanathan S, Gunaseelan V, Xavier AS, Das S, Karthikeyan V, Saka V, Chandrasekaran A. Effects of genetic polymorphisms in Vitamin D metabolic pathway on Vitamin D level and asthma control in South Indian patients with bronchial asthma. Lung India 2019; 36:483-491. [PMID: 31670295 PMCID: PMC6852217 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_23_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes involved in Vitamin D actions (rs2228570) and metabolic pathways (rs2248137 and rs10766197) and their associations with serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25(OH)D) level and asthma control in South Indian patients with bronchial asthma. Materials and Methods: One hundred and two patients of South Indian origin with bronchial asthma either naive to inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) or not receiving ICS for ≥1 month were included and were treated with ICS (beclomethasone 200 μg twice daily) for 8 weeks. One hundred and one unrelated healthy South Indians were used as controls. Pulmonary function test and fractional exhaled nitric oxide were used to assess asthma control. Serum 25(OH)D levels (chemiluminescence immunoassay) and SNPs in Vitamin D pathway (real-time polymerase chain reaction) were assessed. The associations of SNPs and serum 25(OH)D with asthma control was determined using linear regression. All analyses were performed using SPSS (version 19) and “SNPStats.” P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism (rs2228570) was found to be protective against asthma (P = 0.022), while there were no significant associations between the other two SNPs and asthma. Similarly, poor correlation and insignificant associations between the SNPs and serum 25(OH)D levels were observed in both cases and controls. There were also insignificant associations between the SNPs and asthma control. Conclusion: VDR polymorphism (rs2228570) was found to be protective against asthma in South Indians, while other genes involved in the metabolic pathway of Vitamin D did not show associations with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Rajaram
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Revathy Neelamegan
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Vignesh Karthikeyan
- Centre for Biotechnology, Cell Signaling Laboratory, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinodkumar Saka
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Adithan Chandrasekaran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Palui R, Sahoo J, Kamalanathan S, Kar SS, Selvarajan S, Durgia H. Effect of cabergoline monotherapy in Cushing's disease: an individual participant data meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest 2018; 41:1445-1455. [PMID: 30097903 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0936-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The primary treatment of choice for Cushing's disease (CD) is the removal of the pituitary adenoma by transsphenoidal surgery (TSS). The surgical failure is seen in up to 75% of cases depending on the experience of the surgeon in different studies. Medical therapy is one of the options for the treatment of recurrent or persistent CD. METHODOLOGY The primary outcome of this meta-analysis was to find the proportion of patients achieving normalisation of 24-h urinary free cortisol (remission of CD) following cabergoline monotherapy. Literature search was conducted in January 2018 in PubMed/MEDLINE database from its date of inception to 31st December 2017. The search strategy used was "[(cushing) OR Cushing's] AND cabergoline". Individual participant data were extracted from the included studies and risk of bias was analysed by review checklist proposed by MOOSE. RESULTS The individual participant data of 124 patients from six observational studies were included in this meta-analysis. 92 patients (74.2%) had past pituitary surgery. The proportion of patients achieving remission of Cushing’s disease (CD) with cabergoline monotherapy was 34% (95% confidence interval 0.26–0.43; P = 0.001) [corrected]. The previous surgery [odds ratio (OR) 28.4], duration of cabergoline monotherapy (OR 1.31) and maximum cabergoline dose (OR 0.19) were predictors for remission of CD. Mild and severe side effects were reported in 37.3% and 5.6% of patients, respectively, during cabergoline monotherapy. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows that cabergoline monotherapy is a reasonable alternative for subjects with persistent or recurrent CD after TSS. It can also be used in CD patients either as a bridge therapy while waiting for surgery or in those unwilling for surgery or have contraindication to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Palui
- Department of Endocrinology, JIPMER, Fourth Floor, Superspecialty Block, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - J Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, JIPMER, Fourth Floor, Superspecialty Block, Puducherry, 605006, India.
| | - S Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, JIPMER, Fourth Floor, Superspecialty Block, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - S S Kar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
| | - S Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
| | - H Durgia
- Department of Endocrinology, JIPMER, Fourth Floor, Superspecialty Block, Puducherry, 605006, India
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Behera SK, Das S, Chengappa KG, Xavier AS, Selvarajan S. Multiple Drug Intolerance Syndrome: An Underreported Distinct Clinical Entity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 14:84-90. [PMID: 30417793 PMCID: PMC7011677 DOI: 10.2174/1574884713666181112125714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Multiple drug intolerance syndrome (MDIS) is a unique clinical entity distinct from other drug hypersensitivity syndromes. The aim of this review was to critically appraise the various aspects of MDIS. Methods A review was conducted to search for the causes, mechanism, clinical features, and management of MDIS. Results The most common cause of MDIS is antibiotics followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Although some non-specific immunological mechanisms are involved, the immunological tests for MDIS are negative. Rashes, gastrointestinal reflux, headache, cough, muscle ache, fever, dermatitis, hypertension, and psychiatric symptoms are the usual manifestations. Treatment is mostly symptomatic with the withdrawal of the offending drug. Drug re-challenges and desensitization may be required for the management of this syndrome. Conclusion MDIS occurs by a nonimmune mechanism which requires a prompt withdrawal of the offending drug(s), and in some cases may require drug re-challenge and desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapan K Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Kavadichanda G Chengappa
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes S Xavier
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Das S, Behera SK, Srinivasan A, Xavier AS, Selvarajan S, Kamalanathan S, Sahoo JP, Nair NS. Effect of metformin on exercise capacity: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 144:270-278. [PMID: 30217594 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effect of metformin on various parameters of exercise capacity [oxygen consumption (VO2), peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), heart rate (HR), exercise test duration, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), lactate and ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT)]. METHODS Studies reporting change in VO2 or VO2peak after metformin administration were included. Subgroup analyses were performed as applicable. Mean difference with 95% CIs were pooled using random-effects model [RevMan (v5.3)]. RESULTS There were no changes in VO2 and VO2peak in the overall population [VO2: n = 388, mean difference: -0.12 ml/kg/min, 95% CI: -0.74, 0.51, p = 0.71 (i2 = 0%, p = 0.99); VO2peak: n = 345, mean difference: 0.41 ml/kg/min, 95% CI: -0.51, 1.33, p = 0.38 (i2 = 0%, p = 0.89)], healthy volunteers and patients (type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance/impaired fasting glucose and metabolic syndrome). For patients with insulin resistance, there was a decrease in VO2peak, but not VO2. In the overall population, there was a significant decrease in HR and RER, a significant increase in RPE, and no changes in exercise test duration and VAT. In addition, there was an increased VAT in the healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS In the overall population, metformin did not affect VO2, VO2peak, exercise test duration and VAT, although it significantly decreased HR, RER and increased RPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Akila Srinivasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Jaya Prakash Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - N Sreekumaran Nair
- Department of Biostatistics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Selvarajan S, Suganthi A, Rajarajan M. A novel highly selective and sensitive detection of serotonin based on Ag/polypyrrole/Cu 2O nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode. Ultrason Sonochem 2018; 44:319-330. [PMID: 29680617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A silver/polypyrrole/copper oxide (Ag/PPy/Cu2O) ternary nanocomposite was prepared by sonochemical and oxidative polymerization simple way, in which Cu2O was decorated with Ag nanoparticles, and covered by polyprrole (PPy) layer. The as prepared materials was characterized by UV-vis-spectroscopy (UV-vis), FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDX, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Sensing of serotonin (5HT) was evaluated electrocatalyst using polypyrrole/glassy carbon electrode (PPy/GCE), polypyrrole/copper oxide/glassy carbon electrode (PPy/Cu2O/GCE) and silver/polypyrrole/copper oxide/glassy carbon electrode (Ag/PPy/Cu2O/GCE). The Ag/PPy/Cu2O/GCE was electrochemically treated in 0.1MPBS solution through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The peak current response increases linearly with 5-HT concentration from 0.01 to 250 µmol L-1 and the detection limit was found to be 0.0124 μmol L-1. It exhibits high electrocatalytic activity, satisfactory repeatability, stability, fast response and good selectivity against potentially interfering species, which suggests its potential in the development of sensitive, selective, easy-operation and low-cost serotonin sensor for practical routine analyses. The proposed method is potential to expand the possible applied range of the nanocomposite material for detection of various concerned electro active substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Selvarajan
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A Suganthi
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, Tamilnadu, India; Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal 624 102, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - M Rajarajan
- Directorate of Distance Education, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, Tamilnadu, India.
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Behera SK, Xavier AS, Gunaseelan V, Ravindra BK, Selvarajan S, Chandrasekaran A, Dkhar SA. Drug information center as referral service in a South Indian tertiary care hospital. Int J Pharm Investig 2018; 7:182-187. [PMID: 29692977 PMCID: PMC5903022 DOI: 10.4103/jphi.jphi_90_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the various aspects of drug information services (DISs) provided in the DI center of a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: DI queries received from various departments from April 2013 to May 2017 were included in the study. Various aspects such as year- and department-wise distribution, reason for sending the queries, mode of receipt and reply, time taken for reply, number of visit for bedside examination of patients, and number of references given per query were analyzed. All the results are expressed in numbers and percentages. Results: Fifty-five DI queries were received during the study period. Most of the queries were received from Department of Orthopedics (26, 47.27%), followed by Neurology (4, 7.27%). Most common mode of receipt of queries (41, 74.55%) was by Cross-reference form not case record form followed by phone calls (8, 14.55%) and outpatient department (OPD) case sheet (6, 10.9%). CRF with attached opinion was the most common mode of reply (41, 74.55%) followed by phone calls (7, 12.73%), and OPD case sheets (6, 10.9%). The most common reason for sending queries was antimicrobials-related problem (25, 45.46%), followed by the use of anticoagulants (13, 23.63%). Most of the queries were replied within 24 h (31, 56.36%), followed by 48 h (14, 25.45%). Out of 41 CRF received for in-patients, bedside examination was requested in 23 (56.09%) CRF. There was an increasing trend in the number of queries received every year with more queries received during 2016 (23, 41.82%). Conclusions: DIS if utilized properly can be used as a referral service such as other specialties in a tertiary care hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Vikneswaran Gunaseelan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Adithan Chandrasekaran
- Central Inter-Disciplinary Research Facility, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute Campus, Puducherry, India
| | - Steven Aibor Dkhar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Abstract
Ingestion of hydrocarbons is a common cause of childhood poisoning in low and middle-income countries. Although mild ingestions are usually devoid of complications, the morbidity and mortality associated with such poisoning are primarily related to pulmonary aspiration. Subsequent complications, most importantly, secondary bacterial infections can worsen the clinical condition. Standard treatment protocol for acute accidental hydrocarbon poisoning does not advocate routine use of steroids or antibiotics. However, some studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of prophylactic steroid and antibiotic to prevent chemical pneumonitis. In this article, we have summarized the findings of the clinical studies from literature, which have evaluated the advantages of early administration of steroids and antibiotics to prevent chemical pneumonitis in acute hydrocarbon poisoning in children. From these studies, we have found that there is no convincing evidence for initiating steroid and antibiotic to improve outcome in these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Selvarajan S, Suganthi A, Rajarajan M. Fabrication of g-C 3N 4/NiO heterostructured nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode for quercetin biosensor. Ultrason Sonochem 2018; 41:651-660. [PMID: 29137797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a one-pot synthesis of structurally uniform and electrochemically active graphitic carbon nitride/nickel oxide (g-C3N4/NiO) nanocomposite and an investigation on the electrocatalytic oxidation of quercetin (QR). The synthesized g-C3N4/NiO nanocomposite has uniform surface distribution, which was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the composition of synthesized g-C3N4/NiO nanocomposite was characterized by UV-vis-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR spectra), BET, SEM and HRTEM. The g-C3N4/NiO was electrochemically treated in 0.1 MPBS solution through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The peak current response increases linearly with QR concentration from 0.010 μM to 250 µM with a fast response time of less than 2 s and a detection limit of 0.002 μM. To further evaluate the feasibility of using this sensor for real sample analysis, QR content in various real samples including green tea, green apple, honey suckle were determined and satisfactory results were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Selvarajan
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A Suganthi
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, Tamilnadu, India; Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal 624 102, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - M Rajarajan
- Directorate of Distance Education, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, Tamilnadu, India.
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Thakkar DN, Palugulla S, Selvarajan S, Dubashi B. Frequency distribution of BLMH, XPO5 and HFE gene polymorphisms in the South Indian population and their association with Hodgkin Lymphoma. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 33:1724600818766502. [PMID: 29683071 DOI: 10.1177/1724600818766502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hodgkin lymphoma, a highly curable malignancy is currently treated with an adriamycin, bleomycin (BLM), vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) regimen. BLM-induced pulmonary toxicity (BPT) is one of the dose-limiting toxicities. Previous reports have revealed that genetic variants rs1050565, rs11077, and rs1800562 are involved in the development of BPT. These results cannot be extrapolated to the South Indian population because of their ethnic difference. This study aimed to determine the frequency of rs1050565, rs11077, and rs1800562 variants in South Indian healthy individuals and Hodgkin lymphoma cases. These frequencies were compared with 1000 genome populations' data. We also assessed if these variants modified the risk to Hodgkin lymphoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 200 healthy individuals and 101 cases with Hodgkin lymphoma were recruited for this case-control study after ethical approval. Blood samples were collected from the study participants and DNA was extracted. Genotyping of rs1050565, rs11077, and rs1800562 variants was done using real-time polymerase chain reaction. A chi-square test was used to assess the differences in genotype frequency data between cases and controls. RESULTS The minor allele frequencies of rs1050565 and rs11077 were 4.3% and 39%, respectively, whereas all the individuals were wild-type for rs1800562 mutation. The frequencies significantly differed from 1000 genome data. The variants did not alter the risk for Hodgkin lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS We determined the frequencies of rs1050565, rs11077, and rs1800562 variants in South Indian healthy individuals, and the frequencies differed significantly from 1000 genome populations. We also found that the studied polymorphisms are not associated with Hodgkin lymphoma risk in the South Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimpal N Thakkar
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Sreenivasulu Palugulla
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- 2 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- 3 Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
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Behera SK, Xavier AS, Selvarajan S, Munuswamy H, Haridasan S, Srinivas BH. Acenocoumarol as an alternative anticoagulant in a patient with warfarin-related nephropathy. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1068-1071. [PMID: 29424022 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
ADVERSE EVENT Warfarin-related nephropathy. DRUG IMPLICATED Warfarin. THE PATIENT A 31-year-old female, managed with warfarin for rheumatic heart disease with atrial fibrillation. EVIDENCE THAT LINKS THE DRUG TO THE EVENT There were no alternative causes of nephropathy that could have caused the adverse event in this patient. MANAGEMENT Shifting the drug from warfarin to acenocoumarol. MECHANISM Difference in renal elimination between warfarin and acenocoumarol. IMPLICATION FOR THERAPY Clinicians should be aware of this rare adverse effect of warfarin, and acenocoumarol can be considered as an alternative therapy for this condition. HYPOTHESES TO BE TESTED Further prospectively designed studies are needed to consider acenocoumarol as an alternative therapy in warfarin-related nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Hemachandren Munuswamy
- Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Satish Haridasan
- Department of Nephrology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Bheemanathi Hanuman Srinivas
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Chew W, Chan J, Goh W, Lim J, Tan S, Somasundaram N, Poon E, Lim A, Tan M, Soo K, Teo M, Tay T, Selvarajan S, Sittampalam K, Quek R. Tumour histology and primary site but not MDM2 amplification levels are prognostic for clinical outcomes in well differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx675.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Quek R, Lim S, Chay W, Soh L, Tan S, Goh W, Leong M, Khoo R, Selvarajan S, Sittampalam K, Tao M, Tang T, Lim S, Farid M. Phase 2 clinical study of metronomic oral cyclophosphamide (MOC) in advanced sarcomas. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx675.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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