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Kajitani GS, Brace L, Trevino-Villarreal JH, Trocha K, MacArthur MR, Vose S, Vargas D, Bronson R, Mitchell SJ, Menck CFM, Mitchell JR. Neurovascular dysfunction and neuroinflammation in a Cockayne syndrome mouse model. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22710-22731. [PMID: 34628368 PMCID: PMC8544306 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a rare, autosomal genetic disorder characterized by premature aging-like features, such as cachectic dwarfism, retinal atrophy, and progressive neurodegeneration. The molecular defect in CS lies in genes associated with the transcription-coupled branch of the nucleotide excision DNA repair (NER) pathway, though it is not yet clear how DNA repair deficiency leads to the multiorgan dysfunction symptoms of CS. In this work, we used a mouse model of severe CS with complete loss of NER (Csa-/-/Xpa-/-), which recapitulates several CS-related phenotypes, resulting in premature death of these mice at approximately 20 weeks of age. Although this CS model exhibits a severe progeroid phenotype, we found no evidence of in vitro endothelial cell dysfunction, as assessed by measuring population doubling time, migration capacity, and ICAM-1 expression. Furthermore, aortas from CX mice did not exhibit early senescence nor reduced angiogenesis capacity. Despite these observations, CX mice presented blood brain barrier disruption and increased senescence of brain endothelial cells. This was accompanied by an upregulation of inflammatory markers in the brains of CX mice, such as ICAM-1, TNFα, p-p65, and glial cell activation. Inhibition of neovascularization did not exacerbate neither astro- nor microgliosis, suggesting that the pro-inflammatory phenotype is independent of the neurovascular dysfunction present in CX mice. These findings have implications for the etiology of this disease and could contribute to the study of novel therapeutic targets for treating Cockayne syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Satoru Kajitani
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lear Brace
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Kaspar Trocha
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Robert MacArthur
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Vose
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dorathy Vargas
- Rodent Histopathology Core, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roderick Bronson
- Rodent Histopathology Core, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah Jayne Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - James Robert Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Ströbel T, Madlener S, Tuna S, Vose S, Lagerweij T, Wurdinger T, Vierlinger K, Wöhrer A, Price BD, Demple B, Saydam O, Saydam N. Ape1 guides DNA repair pathway choice that is associated with drug tolerance in glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9674. [PMID: 28852018 PMCID: PMC5574897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ape1 is the major apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease activity in mammalian cells, and a key factor in base-excision repair of DNA. High expression or aberrant subcellular distribution of Ape1 has been detected in many cancer types, correlated with drug response, tumor prognosis, or patient survival. Here we present evidence that Ape1 facilitates BRCA1-mediated homologous recombination repair (HR), while counteracting error-prone non-homologous end joining of DNA double-strand breaks. Furthermore, Ape1, coordinated with checkpoint kinase Chk2, regulates drug response of glioblastoma cells. Suppression of Ape1/Chk2 signaling in glioblastoma cells facilitates alternative means of damage site recruitment of HR proteins as part of a genomic defense system. Through targeting "HR-addicted" temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cells via a chemical inhibitor of Rad51, we demonstrated that targeting HR is a promising strategy for glioblastoma therapy. Our study uncovers a critical role for Ape1 in DNA repair pathway choice, and provides a mechanistic understanding of DNA repair-supported chemoresistance in glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ströbel
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sibylle Madlener
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Serkan Tuna
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Vose
- Vermont Department of Public Health, 108 Cherry St., Burlington, VT, 05402, USA
| | - Tonny Lagerweij
- Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Klemens Vierlinger
- Molecular Diagnostics, AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology, A-1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Wöhrer
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brendan D Price
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Genomic Instability and DNA Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bruce Demple
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8651, USA
| | - Okay Saydam
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Nurten Saydam
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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Varendi K, Airavaara M, Anttila J, Vose S, Planken A, Saarma M, Mitchell JR, Andressoo JO. Short-term preoperative dietary restriction is neuroprotective in a rat focal stroke model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93911. [PMID: 24705386 PMCID: PMC3976327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major complication of cardiovascular surgery, resulting in over 100,000 deaths and over a million postoperative encephalopathies annually in the US and Europe. While mitigating damage from stroke after it occurs has proven elusive, opportunities to reduce the incidence and/or severity of stroke prior to surgery in at-risk individuals remain largely unexplored. We tested the potential of short-term preoperative dietary restriction to provide neuroprotection in rat models of focal stroke. Rats were preconditioned with either three days of water-only fasting or six days of a protein free diet prior to induction of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion using two different methods, resulting in either a severe focal stroke to forebrain and midbrain, or a mild focal stroke localized to cortex only. Infarct volume, functional recovery and molecular markers of damage and protection were assessed up to two weeks after reperfusion. Preoperative fasting for 3 days reduced infarct volume after severe focal stroke. Neuroprotection was associated with modulation of innate immunity, including elevation of circulating neutrophil chemoattractant C-X-C motif ligand 1 prior to ischemia and suppression of striatal pro-inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor α, its receptor and downstream effector intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after reperfusion. Similarly, preoperative dietary protein restriction for 6 days reduced ischemic injury and improved functional recovery in a milder cortical infarction model. Our results suggest that short-term dietary restriction regimens may provide simple and translatable approaches to reduce perioperative stroke severity in high-risk elective vascular surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kärt Varendi
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Anttila
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sarah Vose
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anu Planken
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mart Saarma
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James R. Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JRM); (JOA)
| | - Jaan-Olle Andressoo
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail: (JRM); (JOA)
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Peng W, Robertson L, Gallinetti J, Mejia P, Vose S, Charlip A, Chu T, Mitchell JR. Surgical stress resistance induced by single amino acid deprivation requires Gcn2 in mice. Sci Transl Med 2012; 4:118ra11. [PMID: 22277968 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3002629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dietary restriction, or reduced food intake without malnutrition, increases life span, health span, and acute stress resistance in model organisms from yeast to nonhuman primates. Although dietary restriction is beneficial for human health, this treatment is not widely used in the clinic. Here, we show that short-term, ad libitum feeding of diets lacking essential nutrients increased resistance to surgical stress in a mouse model of ischemia reperfusion injury. Dietary preconditioning by 6 to 14 days of total protein deprivation, or removal of the single essential amino acid tryptophan, protected against renal and hepatic ischemic injury, resulting in reduced inflammation and preserved organ function. Pharmacological treatment with halofuginone, which activated the amino acid starvation response within 3 days by mimicking proline deprivation, was also beneficial. Both dietary and pharmacological interventions required the amino acid sensor and eIF2α (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α) kinase Gcn2 (general control nonderepressible 2), implicating the amino acid starvation response and translational control in stress protection. Thus, short-term dietary or pharmacological interventions that modulate amino acid sensing can confer stress resistance in models of surgical ischemia reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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