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Beedgen L, Hüllen A, Gücüm S, Thumberger T, Wittbrodt J, Thiel C. A rapid and simple procedure for the isolation and cultivation of fibroblast-like cells from medaka and zebrafish embryos and fin clip biopsies. Lab Anim 2021; 56:270-278. [PMID: 34551636 DOI: 10.1177/00236772211045483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In many human diseases, the molecular pathophysiological mechanisms are not understood, which makes the development and testing of new therapeutic approaches difficult. The generation and characterization of animal models such as mice, rats, fruit flies, worms or fish offers the possibility for in detail studies of a disease's development, its course and potential therapies in an organismal context, which considerably minimizes the risk of therapeutic side effects for patients. Nevertheless, due to the high numbers of experimental animals used in research worldwide, attempts to develop alternative test systems will help in reducing their count. In this regard, the cell culture system displays a suitable option due to its potential of delivering nearly unlimited material and the good opportunities for high-throughput studies such as drug testing. Here, we describe a quick and simple method to isolate and cultivate vital fibroblast-like cells from embryos and adults of two popular teleost model organisms, the Japanese rice fish medaka (Oryzias latipes) and the zebrafish (Danio rerio).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Beedgen
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hüllen
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sevinç Gücüm
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Germany.,Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Thomas Thumberger
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Jochen Wittbrodt
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Christian Thiel
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
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Gücüm S, Sakson R, Hoffmann M, Grote V, Becker C, Pakari K, Beedgen L, Thiel C, Rapp E, Ruppert T, Thumberger T, Wittbrodt J. A patient-based medaka alg2 mutant as a model for hypo-N-glycosylation. Development 2021; 148:269015. [PMID: 34106226 PMCID: PMC8217707 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Defects in the evolutionarily conserved protein-glycosylation machinery during embryonic development are often fatal. Consequently, congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) in human are rare. We modelled a putative hypomorphic mutation described in an alpha-1,3/1,6-mannosyltransferase (ALG2) index patient (ALG2-CDG) to address the developmental consequences in the teleost medaka (Oryzias latipes). We observed specific, multisystemic, late-onset phenotypes, closely resembling the patient's syndrome, prominently in the facial skeleton and in neuronal tissue. Molecularly, we detected reduced levels of N-glycans in medaka and in the patient's fibroblasts. This hypo-N-glycosylation prominently affected protein abundance. Proteins of the basic glycosylation and glycoprotein-processing machinery were over-represented in a compensatory response, highlighting the regulatory topology of the network. Proteins of the retinal phototransduction machinery, conversely, were massively under-represented in the alg2 model. These deficiencies relate to a specific failure to maintain rod photoreceptors, resulting in retinitis pigmentosa characterized by the progressive loss of these photoreceptors. Our work has explored only the tip of the iceberg of N-glycosylation-sensitive proteins, the function of which specifically impacts on cells, tissues and organs. Taking advantage of the well-described human mutation has allowed the complex interplay of N-glycosylated proteins and their contribution to development and disease to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinç Gücüm
- COS, Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,HBIGS, Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roman Sakson
- HBIGS, Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Core facility for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Hoffmann
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Valerian Grote
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Clara Becker
- COS, Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kaisa Pakari
- COS, Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lars Beedgen
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department Pediatrics I, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Thiel
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department Pediatrics I, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erdmann Rapp
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.,glyXera GmbH, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruppert
- Core facility for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Thumberger
- COS, Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Wittbrodt
- COS, Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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