Constitutional mismatch repair-deficiency and whole-exome sequencing as the means of the rapid detection of the causative MSH6 defect.
KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2014;
226:357-61. [PMID:
25431869 DOI:
10.1055/s-0034-1389905]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Cases of children with more than one type of cancer either diagnosed simultaneously or successively, rarely occur in pediatric oncology. A second malignant neoplasm may be caused by mutagenic effects of the treatment of the primary malignancy and/or may point towards an underlying genetic cancer susceptibility syndrome. One example of such a syndrome is constitutional mismatch repair-deficiency, (CMMR-D) which carries an increased risk of various tumors including childhood hematologic malignancies and Lynch syndrome associated tumors. Timely diagnosis of CMMR-D is crucial, since this diagnosis has implications for the entire family.
PATIENT
We report the case of a 15-year-old girl who was born to consanguineous parents. At the age of 20 months she was diagnosed with a T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Treatment was given according to NHL-BFM 95. 12 years later, an invasive adenocarcinoma of the colon was surgically removed which relapsed shortly afterwards.
METHODS
Whole-exome sequencing of germline DNA was employed to rapidly detect the underlying mutation in this suspected CMMR-D patient.
RESULTS
After a short turnaround time of less than 3 weeks, the diagnosis of CMMR-D could be confirmed by the identification of a homozygous 29-bp deletion in MSH6 (exon 6), which was confirmed by independent methods.
CONCLUSIONS
We demonstrate that "bed-side" whole-exome sequencing is both feasible and cost-effective and may be the method of choice to rapidly uncover the genetical basis of (inherited) diseases.
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