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Benefit and harm of low-dose aspirin in pregnancy: a balancing act. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2024; 63:572. [PMID: 38465516 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Linked article: This Correspondence comments on Souter et al. Click here to view the article.
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Full sample analysis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in ophthalmology inpatients. J Fr Ophtalmol 2024; 47:104074. [PMID: 38377844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2024.104074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We hope that by analyzing the clinical features of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), we can help ophthalmologists reduce misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis. DESIGN We evaluated 47 patients with CVST in terms of clinical manifestations. METHODS All cases were analyzed in terms of risk factors, clinical symptoms, ophthalmic examination, imaging examination and lumbar puncture. RESULTS The body mass indices (BMIs) of 41 patients (87.2%; 95% CI, 77.7-96.8%) were≥24, which is overweight by Chinese standards. There were 22 patients (46.8%; 95% CI, 32.5-61.1%) with BMIs≥28, who were considered obese. Thirteen were hypertensive (27.7%; 95% CI, 14.9-40.5%). The initial symptoms included blurred vision (23, 48.9%; 95% CI, 34.6-63.2%), amaurosis fugax (13, 27.7%; 95% CI, 14.9-40.5%), headache (11 patients, 23.4%; 95% CI, 11.3-35.5%), dizziness (3, 6.4%; 95% CI, -0.6-13.4%), and bilateral diplopia (3, 6.4%; 95% CI, -0.6-13.4%). There were 9 patients (9, 19.2%; 95% CI, 7.9-30.4%) with blindness, 23 patients (48.9%; 95% CI, 34.6-63.2%) with pupillary abnormalities, and 40 patients (85.1%; 95% CI, 74.9-95.2%) with papilledema. Forty-three of the 45 patients who successfully underwent a routine lumbar puncture showed high intracranial pressure (91.7%; 95.6% CI, 89.6-101.6%). Finally, two cases are reported in greater detail for illustrative purposes. CONCLUSION The main reasons interfering with the diagnosis of CVST might be its nonspecific ocular symptoms and the physicians' clinical thought process being limited to the scope of common ophthalmological diseases.
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Outdoor time influences VIPR2 polymorphism rs2071623 to regulate axial length in Han Chinese children. Mol Vis 2023; 29:266-273. [PMID: 38222453 PMCID: PMC10784227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical relevance Identification of individuals with a higher risk of developing refractive error under specific gene and environmental backgrounds, especially myopia, could enable more personalized myopic control advice for patients. Background Refractive error is a common disease that affects visual quality and ocular health worldwide. Its mechanisms have not been elaborated, although both genes and the environment are known to contribute to the process. Interactions between genes and the environment have been shown to exert effects on the onset of refractive error, especially myopia. Axial length elongation is the main characteristic of myopia development and could indicate the severity of myopia. Thus, the purpose of the study was to investigate the interaction between environmental factors and genetic markers of VIPR2 and their impact on spherical equivalence and axial length in a population of Han Chinese children. Methods A total of 1825 children aged 13~15 years in the Anyang Childhood Eye Study (ACES) were measured for cycloplegic autorefraction, axial length, and height. Saliva DNA was extracted for genotyping three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the candidate gene (VIPR2). The median outdoor time (2 h/day) was used to categorize children into high and low exposure groups, respectively. Genetic quality control and linear and logistic regressions were performed. Generalized multifactor dimensional reduction (GMDR) was used to investigate gene-environment interactions. Results There were 1391 children who passed genetic quality control. Rs2071623 of VIPR2 was associated with axial length (T allele, β=-0.11 se=0.04 p=0.006), while SNP nominally interacted with outdoor time (T allele, β=-0.17 se=0.08 p=0.029). Rs2071623 in children with high outdoor exposure had a significant interaction effect on axial length (p=0.0007, β=-0.19 se=0.056) compared to children with low outdoor exposure. GMDR further suggested the existence of an interaction effect between outdoor time and rs2071623. Conclusions Rs2071623 within VIPR2 could interact with outdoor time in Han Chinese children. More outdoor exposure could enhance the protective effect of the T allele on axial elongation.
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Investigation of Choroidal Blood Flow and Thickness Changes Induced by Near Work in Young Adults. Curr Eye Res 2023; 48:939-948. [PMID: 37303164 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2222234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This research aimed to determine the effects of near work on macular choroidal blood flow and thickness in young adults. METHODS A total of 109 participants (19-28 years old) were recruited from Capital Medical University in China. The participants spent 40 min reading a book text at a distance of 33 cm. Swept-source optical coherence tomography/optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCT/OCTA) was performed to measure the changes in choriocapillaris perfusion area (CCPA) and choroidal thickness (ChT) after 40 min of near work. The SS-OCT/OCTA data covered an area of 6 mm × 6 mm, which centered on the fovea. RESULTS The baseline ChT and CCPA before near work were negatively correlated with AL, while positively correlated with the magnitude of spherical equivalent (p < .001). Total CCPA decreased significantly by 6 mm × 6 mm macular area after near work compared to that before near work (24.26 ± 1.96 vs. 24.63 ± 1.61 mm2, p<.001). The macular ChT was lower after 40 min of reading than that before 40 min of reading, but no significant difference was observed (302.25 ± 77.69 vs. 304.92 ± 79.73 μm, p = .078). The extent of choroidal thinning was significantly positively correlated with the magnitude of CCPA reduction (p < .001). The decline in CCPA after near work was significantly positively correlated with axial length (AL; p < .001). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that near work significantly decreased CCPA. The extent of CCPA reduction after near work was associated with higher severity of myopia and choroidal thinning. The baseline CCPA and ChT decreased gradually with AL.
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Myopia progression after cessation of low-dose atropine eyedrops treatment: A two-year randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Acta Ophthalmol 2023; 101:e177-e184. [PMID: 35999653 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to evaluate myopia progression and axial elongation after stopping 0.01% atropine eye drops through a 2-year cross-over study. METHODS This study was a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial in mainland China. 220 children aged 6-12 years with spherical equivalent range of -1.00 D to -6.00 D in both eyes were enrolled in Phase 1 for 1 year. Children who had completed the first year's follow-up continued in the second phase. In Phase 2, the placebo group was crossed over to the 0.01% atropine group (referred to as the 'placebo-atropine group'), and the 0.01% atropine group was crossed over to the placebo group (referred to as the 'atropine-placebo group'). All children underwent the examination of cycloplegic refraction and axial length at a 6-month interval. Only data from right eyes were included in analysis. RESULTS One hundred thirty-three subjects completed 2 years of follow-up. In the first year, the mean myopia progression in atropine-placebo group was 0.21 ± 0.08 D slower than that in placebo-atropine group. After cross-over treatment, the mean myopia progression in atropine-placebo group was 0.22 ± 0.07D faster than that in placebo-atropine group in the second year. Over 2 years, the mean myopia progression was -1.26 ± 0.66D and -1.25 ± 0.70D in the atropine-placebo and placebo-atropine groups (p = 0.954). CONCLUSIONS The difference in myopia progression between atropine-placebo group and placebo-atropine group in Phase 1 was similar to Phase 2 during the cross-over treatment. Through our cross-over trial, the results suggest that there is no rebound effect after using 0.01% atropine eye drops to prevent progression of myopia.
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The effect of atropine 0.01% eyedrops on relative peripheral refraction in myopic children. Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:356-361. [PMID: 35094028 PMCID: PMC9873619 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relative peripheral refraction (RPR) is a significant factor that participates in myopic development. Here, we evaluated the effects of atropine 0.01% eyedrops, as an antimyopia drug, on RPR. METHODS Seventy-three children were enrolled from a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-0.01% atropine eyedrops cross-over trial. The study group had used the placebo for one year and then crossed over to atropine 0.01% eyedrops for half a year. The control group had used 0.01% atropine for one year and then crossed over to placebo eyedrops for half a year. Central and horizontal peripheral refractions (15° and 30° at the temporal and nasal retina) were measured under non-cycloplegia and cycloplegia. RESULTS No significant differences in age, gender, and central refraction were identified between the two groups (P > 0.05). Under non-cycloplegia, the control group showed significant relative hyperopia in the temporal 30° retina and the nasal retina (P = 0.031; P < 0.001; P < 0.001). In the study group, the relative hyperopia in the temporal 30° retina disappeared (P = 0.983). After cycloplegia, the control group had less myopia in central refractions and less hyperopia in temporal RPR (P < 0.001; P = 0.039; P < 0.001). The study group did not present significant changes in central refractions and temporal RPR (P = 0.122; P = 0.222; P = 0.475). CONCLUSIONS For myopic children, atropine 0.01% eyedrops can alleviate relative hyperopia in the temporal retina and the hyperopic shift before cycloplegia. The effect might participate in myopia control.
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Effect of Atropine 0.01% Eye Drops on the Difference in Refraction and Axial Length between Right and Left Eyes. Ophthalmic Res 2023; 66:496-505. [PMID: 36603556 DOI: 10.1159/000528878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study sought to determine whether the application of 0.01% atropine eye drops could impact the disparity in refraction and axial length (AL) between the right and left eyes in Chinese children. METHODS The study was designed as a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. A total of 220 children aged 6-12 years were recruited from the Beijing Tongren Hospital in Beijing, China. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio and were prescribed 0.01% atropine or placebo eye drops to be administered once a night to both eyes for the duration of 1 year. The cycloplegic refraction and AL were recorded including baseline, 6 months, and again at the 12 months. RESULTS After 1-year follow-up period, 76 (69%) and 83 (75%) subjects of the initial 220 participants were identified as the 0.01% atropine and placebo groups, respectively. The inter-ocular difference in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and AL demonstrated stable values in the 0.01% atropine treatment group (SER: p = 0.590; AL: p = 0.322) analyzed after 1 year, but found a significant increase (SER: p < 0.001; AL: p = 0.001) in the placebo group. Furthermore, over 1 year, eyes with greater myopia in the atropine group exhibited slower myopia progression (0.45 ± 0.44 D) than the lesser myopic eye (0.56 ± 0.44 D) (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that 0.01% atropine could maintain the inter-ocular SER and AL difference. And 0.01% atropine appeared to be more effective in delaying the progression of myopia in eyes with more myopia than in the less myopic eyes.
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85P Tislelizumab combined with apatinib and oxaliplatin plus S1 as neoadjuvant therapy for Borrmann IV large Borrmann III type and bulky N positive advanced gastric cancer: A single-arm multicenter trial (TAOS-3B-Trial). IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Effect of low-dose atropine eyedrops on pupil metrics: results after half a year of treatment and cessation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 261:1177-1186. [PMID: 36401652 PMCID: PMC9676878 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of low-dose atropine eyedrops on pupil metrics.
Methods
This study was based on a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, and cross-over trial in mainland China. In phase 1, subjects received 0.01% atropine or placebo once nightly. After 1 year, the atropine group switched to placebo (atropine-placebo group), and the placebo group switched to atropine (placebo-atropine group). Ocular parameters were measured at the crossover time point (at the 12th month) and the 18th month.
Results
Of 105 subjects who completed the study, 48 and 57 children were allocated into the atropine-placebo and placebo-atropine groups, respectively. After cessation, the photopic pupil diameter (PD) and mesopic PD both decreased (− 0.46 ± 0.47 mm, P < 0.001; − 0.30 ± 0.74 mm, P = 0.008), and the constriction ratio (CR, %) increased (4.39 ± 7.54, P < 0.001) compared with values at the crossover time point of the atropine-placebo group; pupil metrics of the atropine-placebo group had no difference from the values at the crossover time point of the placebo-atropine group. After 6 months of treatment, the photopic PD and the mesopic PD increased (0.54 ± 0.67 mm, P < 0.001; 0.53 ± 0.89 mm, P < 0.001), the CR (%) decreased (− 2.53 ± 8.64, P < 0.001) compared with values at the crossover time point of the placebo-atropine group. There was no significant relationship between pupil metrics and myopia progression during 0.01% atropine treatment.
Conclusion
Pupil metrics and the CR could return to pre-atropine levels after cessation. Pupil metrics had no significant effect on myopia progression during treatment.
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Half-Field Segmented VMAT Spares Organs at Risk from Postoperative Left Breast Cancer Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Efficacy and safety of the biosimilar QL1206 compared with denosumab in breast cancer with bone metastases: subgroup analyses of a phase III study. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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New loci for refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters in young Chinese Han adults. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:2050-2061. [PMID: 35301706 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myopia has become a major public health issue with an increasing prevalence. There are still individuals who experience similar environmental risk factors and, yet, remain non-myopic. Thus, there might be genetic factors protecting people from myopia. Considering the opposite ocular characteristics of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) to myopia and possible common pathway between them, we propose that certain risk genes for PACG might act as a protective factor for myopia. In this study, 2,678 young adults were genotyped for 37 targeted single nucleotide polymorphisms. Compared with emmetropia, rs1401999 (allele C: OR=0.795, P=0.03; genotype in dominant model: OR=0.759, P=0.02) and rs1258267 (allele A: OR=0.824, P=0.03; genotype in dominant model: OR=0.603, P=0.01) were associated with low to moderate myopia and high myopia, respectively. Genotype under recessive model of rs11024102 was correlated with myopia (OR=1.456, P=0.01), low to moderate myopia (OR=1.443, P=0.02) and high myopia (OR=1.453, P=0.02). However, these associations did not survive Bonferroni correction. Moreover, rs1401999, rs1258267, and rs11024102 showed associations with certain ocular biometric parameters in different groups. Our study suggests that ABCC5, CHAT and PLEKHA7 might be associated with refractive errors by contributing to the regulation of ocular biometry, in terms of uncorrected results and their biological functions.
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Impacts of menopause hormone therapy on mood disorders among postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2022; 25:579-585. [PMID: 36179737 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2022.2026915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the modulatory effects of menopause hormone therapy (MHT) on mood disorders among postmenopausal women. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit postmenopausal women, including patients (arranged MHT for over 3 years as the medication group) and non-MHT controls. All participants were asked to respond to the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) questionnaires to assess their depression and anxiety status. RESULTS A total of 230 cases from the two groups were determined based on propensity score matching analysis by matching the menopausal age and menopausal durations. We found that MHT served as a favorable modulator in the depression status of postmenopausal women. Among the four factors of the CES-D questionnaire, our data indicated that the differences between the two groups fell primarily into two aspects: depressive emotion, and somatic symptoms or retarded activities. MHT was mainly involved in improving the depression of overweight women. However, no substantial effects of MHT were observed on the regulation of anxiety. CONCLUSION Postmenopausal women, especially the overweight population, who have experienced MHT exhibited an improved depressive status but not their anxiety condition.
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1077P An updated network meta-analysis of EGFR-TKIs and combination therapy in the first-line treatment of the advanced EGFR mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Video-assisted superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy for papillary thyroid cancer: a case report. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2022; 104:e227-e231. [PMID: 35713097 PMCID: PMC9433169 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Superior mediastinal lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid cancer are uncommon. The clinical characteristics and surgical strategy of superior mediastinal lymph node metastases remain unclear. Superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy can be accomplished either by a transcervical or transsternal approach. Transsternal approach for superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy can cause great damage; transcervical approach sometimes results in inadequate exposure. Here we report our experience of a papillary thyroid cancer patient with superior mediastinal lymph node metastases who underwent video-assisted superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy. A 49-year-old woman diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer in left thyroid underwent unilateral lobectomy and ipsilateral central and lateral node dissection in the local hospital 4 years ago. Currently lymph node metastases were found in mediastinum and the right neck, some of which were adjacent to the right innominate vein. Unilateral lobectomy, ipsilateral central and lateral node dissection, and video-assisted superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy were successfully performed by transcervical approach. Subsequently, the patient received thyroxine suppression therapy and adjuvant radioiodine treatment. Video-assisted superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy, providing adequate exposure for a complete superior mediastinal lymphadenectomy, is proved to be safe and feasible.
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CARBONATED BEVERAGES AFFECT LEVELS OF ANDROGEN RECEPTOR AND TESTOSTERONE SECRETION IN MICE. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2022; 18:301-305. [PMID: 36699165 PMCID: PMC9867816 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2022.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This work aimed to study the influences of carbonated beverages (CBs) on the testis growth and the expression levels of androgen receptor (AR) of mice. Methods Two experimental groups of 30 mice each PEP-1 and PEP-2 drank 50% and 100% Pepsi-Cola, respectively for 15 days. Other 2 experimental groups of 30 mice each COC-1 and COC-2 drank 50% and 100% Coca-Cola, respectively for 15 days. The control group (CG) of 30 mice drank water. Bilateral testes were harvested aseptically on days 0, 5, 7, 10, 13 and 15. Real-time PCR and Western blot were implemented to detect levels of androgen receptor (AR) mRNA and protein in testis tissues. Results Testes masses of PEP-2, COC-1 and COC-2 were greater than those of PEP-1 and CG (P < 0.05). On day 15, testis longitudinal diameter (TLD) of CBs-treated mice was increased as compared to CG. TLD, testes transverse diameters (TTD) and AR proteins levels of PEP-2 and COC-2 were increased in comparison with CG (P<0.05). Serum testosterone concentrations of PEP-2 were higher than that of COC-1 and CG (P < 0.05). Levels of AR mRNAs of four CBs-treated mice were increased by 60.18%, 67.26%, 65.93% and 78.76%. Conclusions A high concentration of Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola could raise TLD and TDD, enhance testosterone secretion, and increase serum EGF concentrations.
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The adaptation to freezing tolerance of hydrated lettuce seeds: effects of regional climate and of seed characteristics. CRYO LETTERS 2022; 43:237-245. [PMID: 36626127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With global warming, soil seed banks at high altitudes face dual challenges, excessive water absorption and thinner snow cover that increase underground temperature. A better understanding of freezing tolerance of hydrated seeds provides insights for conservation in natural soil seed banks. OBJECTIVE To understand the adaptation mechanisms of seed freezing tolerance under various climates, in relation to cooling rate and seed size. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve ecotypes of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds were collected from different geographical locations around the world. Seeds were fully hydrated and tested for their freezing tolerance using programmed cooling methods. RESULTS The size of seeds from different climate regions varied, and was correlated with the freezing tolerance of the hydrated seeds (P < 0.05). Larger seeds showed poorer freezing tolerance. The local climates of maternal plants were also well correlated to seed freezing tolerance (P < 0.05), especially under slow cooling conditions. The seeds collected in regions with high spring rainfall exhibited greater freezing tolerance. CONCLUSION Freezing tolerance of hydrated seeds is affected by the climate of maternal plants and by seed size. Our data revealed the existence of an adaptation mechanism of freezing tolerance among various ecotypes of lettuce seeds. doi.org/10.54680/fr22410110412.
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Varying Dose of Atropine in Slowing Myopia Progression in Children Over Different Follow-Up Periods by Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:756398. [PMID: 35096861 PMCID: PMC8792607 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.756398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of atropine for slowing myopia progression and to investigate whether the treatment effect remains constant with continuing treatment. Method: Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from their inception to May 2021, and the language was limited to English. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies involving atropine in at least one intervention and placebo/non-atropine treatment in another as the control were included and subgroup analysis based on low dose (0.01%), moderate dose (0.01%–<0.5%), and high dose (0.5–1.0%) were conducted. The Cochrane Collaboration and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to evaluate the quality of RCTs and cohort studies, respectively. Results: Twelve RCTs and fifteen cohort studies involving 5,069 children aged 5 to 15 years were included. The weighted mean differences in myopia progression between the atropine and control groups were 0.73 diopters (D), 0.67 D, and 0.35 D per year for high-dose, moderate-dose, and low-dose atropine, respectively (χ2 = 13.76; P = 0.001, I2 = 85.5%). After removing studies that provided extreme findings, atropine demonstrated a significant dose-dependent effect on both refractive change and axial elongation, with higher dosages of atropine resulting in less myopia progression (r = 0.85; P = 0.004) and less axial elongation (r = −0.94; P = 0.005). Low-dose atropine showed less myopia progression (−0.23 D; P = 0.005) and less axial elongation (0.09 mm, P < 0.001) in the second year than in the first year, whereas in high-dose atropine more axial elongation (−0.15 mm, P = 0.003) was observed. The higher dose of atropine was associated with a higher incidence of adverse effects, such as photophobia with an odds ratio (OR) of 163.57, compared with an OR of 6.04 for low-dose atropine and 8.63 for moderate-dose atropine (P = 0.03). Conclusion: Both the efficacy and adverse effects of atropine are dose-dependent in slowing myopia progression in children. The efficacy of high-dose atropine was reduced after the first year of treatment, whereas low-dose atropine had better efficacy in a longer follow-up period.
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Association of prenatal renal ultrasound abnormalities with pathogenic copy number variants in a large Chinese cohort. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2022; 59:226-233. [PMID: 34090309 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the clinical utility of prenatal chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in fetuses with abnormal renal sonographic findings, and to evaluate the association of pathogenic or likely pathogenic copy number variants (P/LP CNVs) with different types of renal abnormality. METHODS This was a retrospective study of fetuses at 14-36 weeks screened routinely for renal and other structural abnormalities at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. We retrieved and analyzed data from fetuses with abnormal renal sonographic findings, examined between January 2013 and November 2019, which underwent CMA analysis using tissue obtained from chorionic villus sampling (CVS), amniocentesis or cordocentesis. We evaluated the CMA findings according to type of renal ultrasound anomaly and according to whether renal anomalies were isolated or non-isolated. RESULTS Ten types of renal anomaly were reported on prenatal ultrasound screening, at a mean ± SD gestational age of 24.9 ± 4.8 weeks. The anomalies were diagnosed relatively late in this series, as 64% of cases with an isolated renal anomaly underwent cordocentesis rather than CVS. Fetal pyelectasis was the most common renal ultrasound finding, affecting around one-third (34.32%, 301/877) of fetuses with a renal anomaly, but only 3.65% (n = 11) of these harbored a P/LP CNV (comprising: isolated cases, 2.37% (4/169); non-isolated cases, 5.30% (7/132)). Hyperechogenic kidney was found in 5.47% (n = 48) of fetuses with a renal anomaly, of which 39.58% (n = 19) had a P/LP CNV finding (comprising: isolated cases, 44.44% (16/36); non-isolated cases, 25.00% (3/12)), the highest diagnostic yield among the different types of renal anomaly. Renal agenesis, which accounted for 9.92% (n = 87) of all abnormal renal cases, had a CMA diagnostic yield of 12.64% (n = 11) (comprising: isolated cases, 11.54% (9/78); non-isolated cases, 22.22% (2/9); unilateral cases, 11.39% (9/79); bilateral cases, 25.00% (2/8)), while multicystic dysplastic kidney (n = 110), renal cyst (n = 34), renal dysplasia (n = 27), crossed fused renal ectopia (n = 31), hydronephrosis (n = 98), renal duplication (n = 42) and ectopic kidney (n = 99) had overall diagnostic rates of 11.82%, 11.76%, 7.41%, 6.45%, 6.12%, 4.76% and 3.03%, respectively. Compared with the combined group of CMA-negative fetuses with any other type of renal anomaly, the rate of infant being alive and well at birth was significantly higher in CMA-negative fetuses with isolated fetal pyelectasis or ectopic kidney, whereas the rate was significantly lower in fetuses with isolated renal agenesis, multicystic dysplastic kidney or severe hydronephrosis. The most common pathogenic CNV was 17q12 deletion, which accounted for 30.14% (22/73) of all positive CMA findings, with a rate of 2.51% (22/877) among fetuses with an abnormal renal finding. Fetuses with 17q12 deletion exhibited a wide range of renal phenotypes. Other P/LP CNVs in the recurrent region that were associated with prenatal renal ultrasound abnormalities included 22q11.2, Xp21.1, Xp22.3, 2q13, 16p11.2 and 1q21, which, collectively, accounted for 2.17% (19/877) of the fetuses with prenatal renal anomalies. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective review of CMA findings in a large cohort of fetuses with different types of renal ultrasound abnormality, the P/LP CNV detection rate varied significantly (3.03-39.58%) among the different types of kidney anomaly. Our data may help in the decision regarding whether to perform prenatal genetic testing in fetuses with renal ultrasound findings. Specifically, prenatal CMA testing should be performed in cases of hyperechogenic kidney, regardless of whether or not the anomaly is isolated, while it should be performed postnatally rather than prenatally in cases of fetal pyelectasis. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Association Between Color Vision Deficiency and Myopia in Chinese Children Over a Five-Year Period. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:2. [PMID: 35103751 PMCID: PMC8819485 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the relationship of color vision deficiency with myopia progression and axial elongation in Chinese primary school children during a five-year cohort study. Methods A total of 2849 grade 1 students (aged 7.1 ± 0.4 years) from 11 primary schools were enrolled and followed up for five years. Cycloplegic autorefraction and axial length were measured annually. Color vision testing was performed using Ishihara's test and the City University color vision test. Results The prevalence of color vision deficiency was 1.68%, with 2.81% in boys and 0.16% in girls. Color-deficient cases consisted of 91.6% deutan and 8.3% protan. Over the five years, the cumulative incidence of myopia was 35.4% (17/48) in the color-vision deficiency group, which was lower than the 56.7% (1017/1794) in the color normal group (P = 0.004). Over the five-year study period, the change in spherical equivalent refraction in the color vision–deficiency group (−1.81 D) was also significantly lower than that in the color normal group (−2.41 D) (P = 0.002). Conclusions The lower incidence and slower progression of myopia in children with color-vision deficiency over the five-year follow-up period suggest that color-deficient individuals are less susceptible to myopia onset and development.
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FLASH in the Clinic Track (Oral Presentations) DOSE AND DOSE RATE QUANTIFICATION FOR LIVER FLASH TREATMENT PLANNING USING PROTON PBS TRANSMISSION BEAMS. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Effect of Age and Refractive Error on Local and Global Visual Perception in Chinese Children and Adolescents. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:740003. [PMID: 35153705 PMCID: PMC8831691 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.740003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the impact of age and myopia on visual form perception among Chinese school-age children. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1,074 students with a mean age of 12.1 ± 4.7 (range = 7.3-18.9) years. The mean spherical equivalence refraction (SER) of the participants was -1.45 ± 2.07 D. All participants underwent distance visual acuity (VA), refraction measurement and local and global visual form perception test including orientation, parallelism, collinearity, holes and color discrimination tasks. RESULTS The reaction times of emmetropes were slower than those of myopic and high myopic groups on both local (orientation, parallelism, and collinearity) and global discrimination tasks (all p < 0.05). A reduction in reaction times was found with increasing age on both local and global discrimination tasks (all p < 0.05). Age was significantly associated with both local and global visual perception performance after adjusting for gender, visual acuity and SER (orientation, β = -0.54, p < 0.001; parallelism, β = -0.365, p < 0.001; collinearity, β = -0.28, p < 0.001; holes, β = -0.319, p < 0.001; color, β = -0.346, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that both local and global visual perception improve with age among Chinese children and that myopes seem to have better visual perception than emmetropes.
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The Impact of Study-at-Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Myopia Progression in Chinese Children. Front Public Health 2022; 9:720514. [PMID: 35071149 PMCID: PMC8770940 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.720514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To assess the impact of study-at-home during the COVID-19 pandemic on myopia development in Chinese schoolchildren. Methods: This historical cohort involved two groups with a total of 154 children. The exposed group was formed from 77 children aged 8 to 10 years who studied at home in the 7-month period during the COVID-19 pandemic (follow-up period: January - August 2020) and did not study at home in the 7-month period before the COVID-19 outbreak (baseline period: July 2019 - January 2020). Seventy-seven children who did not undergo study-at-home (baseline period: 7 months in 2015, follow-up period: 7 months in 2016) were included in the control group. Cycloplegic refraction, axial length and uncorrected visual acuity were measured 3 times. The questionnaire mainly focused on collecting visual habits. Results: Myopia progression was similar between the two groups in the baseline period. However, in the follow-up period the exposed group had a greater change in refraction toward myopia (-0.83 ± 0.56 D) than the control group (-0.28 ± 0.54 D; p < 0.001). In addition, the exposed group exhibited a significantly greater change in refraction toward myopia in the follow-up period (-0.83 ± 0.56 D) than in the baseline period (-0.33 ± 0.46 D; p < 0.001). Difference-in-difference analysis indicated that study-at-home accelerated the change in refraction toward myopia (t = -0.567; p < 0.001). Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic study-at-home accelerated the change of refraction toward myopia in children.
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Abstract
Autonomous robotic surgery has the potential to provide efficacy, safety, and consistency independent of individual surgeon's skill and experience. Autonomous anastomosis is a challenging soft-tissue surgery task because it requires intricate imaging, tissue tracking, and surgical planning techniques, as well as a precise execution via highly adaptable control strategies often in unstructured and deformable environments. In the laparoscopic setting, such surgeries are even more challenging because of the need for high maneuverability and repeatability under motion and vision constraints. Here we describe an enhanced autonomous strategy for laparoscopic soft tissue surgery and demonstrate robotic laparoscopic small bowel anastomosis in phantom and in vivo intestinal tissues. This enhanced autonomous strategy allows the operator to select among autonomously generated surgical plans and the robot executes a wide range of tasks independently. We then use our enhanced autonomous strategy to perform in vivo autonomous robotic laparoscopic surgery for intestinal anastomosis on porcine models over a 1-week survival period. We compared the anastomosis quality criteria-including needle placement corrections, suture spacing, suture bite size, completion time, lumen patency, and leak pressure-of the developed autonomous system, manual laparoscopic surgery, and robot-assisted surgery (RAS). Data from a phantom model indicate that our system outperforms expert surgeons' manual technique and RAS technique in terms of consistency and accuracy. This was also replicated in the in vivo model. These results demonstrate that surgical robots exhibiting high levels of autonomy have the potential to improve consistency, patient outcomes, and access to a standard surgical technique.
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Annual Incidences and Progressions of Myopia and High Myopia in Chinese Schoolchildren Based on a 5-Year Cohort Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:8. [PMID: 34989760 PMCID: PMC8742535 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the annual incidences and rates of progression of myopia and high myopia in Chinese schoolchildren from grade 1 to grade 6 and explore the possible cause-specific risk factors for myopia. Methods From 11 randomly selected primary schools in Anyang city, central China, 2835 grade 1 students were examined with annual follow ups for 5 years. Students were invited to undergo a comprehensive examination, including cycloplegic autorefraction, ocular biometry, and standardized questionnaires. Results The mean spherical equivalent refraction decreased substantially from +0.94 ± 1.03 diopter (D) in grade 1 to −1.37 ± 2.08 D in grade 6, with rapid annual myopic shifts, especially for students in grades 3 through 6 (−0.51 to −0.59 D). The prevalence of myopia increased substantially, with the yearly incidence of myopia increasing from 7.8% in grade 1 and 2 to 25.3% in grades 5 and 6, and the incidence of high myopia increased from 0.1% to 1.0%. The 5-year incidence of myopia was lowest among children who has a baseline spherical equivalent refraction of greater than +2.00 D (4.4%), and increased to nearly 92.0% among children whose baseline spherical equivalent refraction was 0.00 to −0.50 D. The incidence of myopia was higher in children who had less hyperopic baseline refraction, two myopic parents, longer axial length, deeper anterior chamber, higher axial length–corneal radius of curvature ratio, and thinner lenses. Conclusions Both the annual incidence and progression rates of myopia and high myopia were high in Chinese schoolchildren, especially after grade 3. Hyperopic refraction of children should be monitored before primary school as hyperopia reserve to prevent the onset of myopia and high myopia.
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Change of zinc mobilization and gene expression of key zinc transport proteins between the yolk sac membrane and liver of duck embryonic developing. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101562. [PMID: 34823184 PMCID: PMC8626674 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) deposition in egg yolk is essential for the rapid growth and complete development of the avian embryo. Thus, it is crucial to obtain maximal Zn mobilization at an appropriate time during development in favor of the survival of avian embryos. The aim of this study was to study the developmental change of Zn mobilization and gene expression related to key Zn transport proteins between the yolk sac membrane and embryonic liver from the incubation d 17 (E17) to d 32 (E32) during duck embryonic developing. The weights of duck embryo, embryo without yolk sac, and embryonic liver increased as well as the yolk sac weight decreased linearly (P < 0.0001) when incubation day increased. The Zn concentration in the yolk sac did not change from E17 to E29 and only declined significantly from E29 to E32 of duck embryos, while hepatic Zn level decreased linearly as with the increased incubation time (P < 0.01). When the incubation day increased, the decreased Zn amount in the yolk sac and the increased Zn amount in the embryonic liver were observed (P < 0.0001). The calculated transfer-out rate of Zn in the yolk sac and transfer-in rate of Zn in livers were both increased from E23-26 to E29-32 (P < 0.01). Among E17, E23 and E29, the solute carrier family 39 member (ZIP) of ZIP10, ZIP13, and ZIP14 genes mRNA expressions were increased in yolk sac membrane but were decreased in the embryonic liver, while metallothionein 1 mRNA expression was increased both in the yolk sac membrane and liver (P < 0.05). In conclusion, yolk sac membrane and embryonic liver tissues displayed the similar developmental patterns of Zn mobilization and metallothionein 1 mRNA expression from E17 to E32 during duck embryonic developing. The appropriate time of the maximal rate of Zn mobilization were observed between E29 and E32 of duck embryo, associated with the significant changes of gene expression related to some key Zn transport proteins on E29 in yolk sac membrane and liver tissues.
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Trial leadership by women is associated with racial diversity among heart failure clinical trial participants: a systematic bibliometric review 2000–2020. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
For the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to be generalizable, they should report on and include the broad range of patients who have the disease.
Purpose
We assessed temporal trends and trial factors associated with 1) the reporting of race or ethnicity data and 2) the enrolment of Black, Indigenous, and people of colour (BIPOC) in Heart Failure (HF) RCTs.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL for RCTs that recruited adults with HF and were published in journals with an impact factor ≥10 between January 1, 2000 and June 17, 2020. We extracted data in duplicate and used the Cochran-Armitage and Jonchkeere-Terpstra tests to examine temporal trends. We used multivariable regression to assess the independent association between trial factors and the outcomes of interest.
Results
A total of 414 RCTs met inclusion criteria, of which a vast majority (90.6%; 95% CI 87.4–93.2%) were coordinated in either Europe or North America. Only 157 of the 414 RCTs (37.9%; 95% CI 33.2–42.8%) reported race/ethnicity data; among the 158,200 participants in these trials, only 29,512 (18.7%; 95% CI 18.5–18.9%) were BIPOC. There was a significant increase in the reporting of race or ethnicity data (from 26.9% in 2000–2001 to 54.2% in 2019–2020, p<0.001) and in enrollment of BIPOC (from 16.5% in 2000–2001 to 23.9% in 2019–2020, p=0.038) between 2000–2020. Trial leadership by a woman was associated with twice the adjusted odds of reporting of race or ethnicity data (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.1–3.8; p=0.028) and an 8.4% (95% CI 1.9–15.0%; p=0.012) adjusted increase in enrollment of BIPOC. The race/ethnicity of trial leaders was not available for analysis.
Conclusions
Among HF RCTs published between 2000–2020, <38% reported data on race or ethnicity, although this increased over time. Among trials reporting such data, <19% of participants were BIPOC, with modest increases in enrollment over time. Trials led by women had greater adjusted odds of reporting race/ethnicity data and enrollment of BIPOC.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): CIHR
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Global representation of heart failure clinical trial leaders and collaborators: a systematic bibliometric review 2000–2020. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Heart Failure (HF) has a disproportionate burden in low- and middle-income countries. The geographic representation of those who lead HF randomized clinical trials (RCTs) may not reflect the geographic burden of disease. We assessed temporal trends and trial characteristics associated with leadership outside Europe and North America, and explored whether there was a geographic association between trial leadership and participant enrolment.
Methods and results
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL for HF RCTs published in journals with an impact factor ≥10 between January 1, 2000, and June 17, 2020. We used the Jonckheere-Terpstra test to assess temporal trends and multivariable logistic regression models to determine associations between predictor and outcome variables.
There were 414 eligible RCTs. Only 80 of 828 trial leaders (9.7%; 95% CI: 7.8% to 11.8%), and 453 of 4656 collaborators (9.7%; 95% CI: 8.8% to 10.6%) were from regions outside Europe and North America, with no temporal change in geographic representation. The odds of trial leadership outside Europe and North America were significantly lower with industry versus public funding (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.75; P=0.008). Trial leadership outside Europe and North America was associated with enrolment of patients outside Europe and North America (OR: 10.0; 95% CI 5.6–19.0; P<0.001).
Conclusion
Trial leadership outside Europe and North America is rare, particularly in industry funded trials, and is associated with participant enrolment in regions with disproportionate disease burden. Building research capacity and networks in under-represented regions could increase generalizability of trial results.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Effect of body stature on refraction and ocular biometry in Chinese young adults: The Anyang University Students Eye Study. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 104:201-206. [PMID: 32869355 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Large-scale data on the association between body stature with biometry parameters and refraction in young adults facilitates an understanding of myopia development. Taller persons have eyes with more negative refractions, longer axial lengths, deeper anterior chambers, flatter corneas, and higher axial length-corneal radius ratio. BACKGROUND To determine the relationship between body stature with ocular biometry and refraction in young adults. METHODS This was a cross-sectional university-based study of 16- to 26-year-old students in China. Cycloplegic refraction and corneal curvature were measured using an autorefractor. Ocular parameters, including axial length, anterior chamber depth and lens thickness, were measured using a Lenstar LS900. Data on height and weight were acquired from an annual standardised physical examination and body mass index was calculated. RESULTS Of 7,971 participants examined in the school clinics, 5,657 (71.0 per cent) were available in the analysis. After adjusting for age, gender, parental myopia, time outdoors, near work and weight, each centimetre of height increase was associated with more negative refraction of -0.023-D, a 0.032-mm increase in axial length, a 0.003-mm increase in anterior chamber depth, a 0.008-mm increase in corneal curvature, and a 0.001 increase in axial length-corneal radius ratio. With regard to weight, a 1-kg heavier person was more likely to have less negative refraction of 0.011-D, a 0.001-mm increase in anterior chamber depth and a 0.002-mm increase in corneal curvature. A similar pattern of significant associations was also found in body mass index. CONCLUSION Taller, young adults tended to have longer eyes, deeper anterior chambers, flatter corneas, higher axial length-corneal radius ratio, and more negative refraction, adjusted for potential confounders. In contrast, heavier and higher body mass index persons are more hyperopic. The differences in stature may partially explain the variation in refraction and ocular biometric parameters.
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468P Prognostic role of aspartate aminotransferase-to-alanine aminotransferase ratio and lactate dehydrogenase levels in resectable colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Distribution of ocular biometry in young Chinese eyes: The Anyang University Students Eye Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:621-627. [PMID: 33326192 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the distribution of ocular biometric parameters and its association to refraction in university students in central China. METHODS Ocular biometric parameters including axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), keratometry power (K), anterior chamber depth (AQD) and lens thickness (LT) were measured by an optical biometry in a cohort of university students. Corneal radius of curvature (CR), lens position (LP), lens power (PBennett ), vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and AL to corneal radius ratio (AL/CR) were calculated. Cycloplegic refraction was measured using an autorefractor. RESULTS A total of 7650 undergraduate students participated in this study, with a mean age of 20.0 ± 1.4 years. The following ocular biometric parameters were measured: AL (24.78 ± 1.21 mm), CCT (539.83 ± 33.03 μm), AQD (3.23 ± 0.25 mm), LT (3.47 ± 0.18 mm), CR (7.79 ± 0.27 mm), LP (4.97 ± 0.23 mm), VCD (17.55 ± 1.15 mm), PBennett (25.00 ± 1.07 dioptres) and AL/CR (3.18 ± 0.15). Male subjects were found to have longer AL, thicker CCT, flatter CR, thinner lens, deeper AQD and VCD than female ones. Myopic subjects were found to have longer AL, thinner CCT, steeper CR, thinner and posterior lens, deeper AQD and VCD, lower PBennett and larger AL/CR than emmetropes and hyperopes. Spherical equivalent (SE) showed a negative correlation with AL/CR (r = -0.914), AL (r = -0.755) and VCD (r = -0.751). CONCLUSIONS This study provided a range of reference values for the main ocular biometric parameters in young adults and reported their distributions based on gender and refractive status. Our study indicates that SE has a strong correlation with AL/CR ratio, AL and VCD.
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471P Prognostic role of preoperative direct bilirubin-to-indirect bilirubin ratio and neutrophils-to-lymphocytes in resectable colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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632P Differential transcriptomic profiling of BCL2-related genes in primary tumor (PT) and metastatic sites (MS) of prostate cancer (PCa). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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An analysis of macular ganglion cell complex in 7-year-old children in China: the Anyang Childhood Eye Study. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:2052-2062. [PMID: 34584875 PMCID: PMC8429863 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study used spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging to describe the distribution of macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness and its association with ocular and systemic parameters in 7-year-old children in China. METHODS The study involved a school-based, cross-sectional analysis of the Anyang Childhood Eye Study (ACES) and included 2,505 first-grade students from urban areas in Anyang, Henan Province, Central China. All participants underwent systemic and ocular examinations. Both GCC and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were measured using the iVue-100 OCT (Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was recorded with noncontact tonometer (Huvitz, HNT-7000). Axial length (AL) was measured using optical biometry (Lenstar LS 900, Haag-Streit Diagnostics, Koniz, Switzerland). RESULTS The mean GCC thickness was 95.31±7.67 µm. GCC thickness had negative associations with AL (r=-0.124, P<0.001), cup-to-disc (C-D) area ratio (r=-0.068, P=0.0033), horizontal C-D (H C-D) ratio (r=-0.048, P=0.0384), and vertical C-D (V C-D) ratio (r=-0.074, P=0.0013). Positive correlations were found with spherical equivalent (SE) (r=0.080, P=0.0001), RNFL thickness (r=0.363, P<0.001), height (r=0.059, P=0.0036), fovea parameters, disc area (r=0.078, P=0.0007), rim area (r=0.115, P<0.001), rim volume (r=0.119, P<0.001), and optic nerve head volume (r=0.097, P<0.001). GCC thickness had no significant association with IOP, age, sex, or weight, waist, or head circumference. CONCLUSIONS This study provides normative GCC data for 7-year-old healthy children in China. The findings support an association between GCC and AL, SE, RNFL, height, and C-D ratio in children.
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Safety and Efficacy of Low-Dose Atropine Eyedrops for the Treatment of Myopia Progression in Chinese Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol 2021; 138:1178-1184. [PMID: 33001210 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.3820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Importance Because studies have suggested that atropine might slow the progression of myopia in children, randomized clinical trials are warranted to understand this potential causal relationship. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of atropine, 0.01%, eyedrops on slowing myopia progression and axial elongation in Chinese children. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked study. A total of 220 children aged 6 to 12 years with myopia of -1.00 D to -6.00 D in both eyes were enrolled between April 2018 and July 2018 at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China. Cycloplegic refraction and axial length were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Adverse events were also recorded. Interventions Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to atropine, 0.01%, or placebo groups to be administered once nightly to both eyes for 1 year. Main Outcomes and Measures Mean changes and percentage differences in myopia progression and axial elongation between atropine, 0.01%, or placebo groups. Results Of 220 participants, 103 were girls (46.8%), and the mean (SD) age was 9.64 (1.68) years. The mean (SD) baseline refractive error and axial length were -2.58 (1.39) D and 24.59 (0.87) mm. Follow-up at 1 year included 76 children (69%) and 83 children (75%) allocated into the atropine, 0.01%, and placebo groups, respectively, when mean myopia progression was -0.49 (0.42) D and -0.76 (0.50) D in the atropine, 0.01%, and placebo groups (mean difference, 0.26 D; 95% CI, 0.12-0.41 D; P < .001), with a relative reduction of 34.2% in myopia progression. The mean (SD) axial elongation in the atropine, 0.01%, group was 0.32 (0.19) mm compared with 0.41 (0.19) mm in the placebo group (mean difference, 0.09 mm; 95% CI, 0.03-0.15 mm; P = .004), with relative reduction of 22.0% in axial elongation. Fifty-one percent and 13.2% of children progressed by at least 0.50 D and 1.00 D in the atropine, 0.01%, group, compared with 69.9% and 34.9% in the placebo group. No serious adverse events related to atropine were reported. Conclusions and Relevance While the clinical relevance of the results cannot be determined from this trial, these 1-year results, limited by approximately 70% follow-up, suggest that atropine, 0.01%, eyedrops can slow myopia progression and axial elongation in children and warrant future studies to determine longer-term results and potential effects on slowing sight-threatening pathologic changes later in life. Trial Registration http://www.chictr.org.cn Identifier: ChiCTR-IOR-17013898.
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Novel fusion KTN1-PRKD1 in cribriform adenocarcinoma of salivary glands located in the parotid gland: Case report including cytologic findings. HUMAN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ehpc.2021.200496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Distribution of IOP and its relationship with refractive error and other factors: the Anyang University Students Eye Study. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:554-559. [PMID: 33875947 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.04.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its relationship with refractive error and other factors in university students from Anyang, China. METHODS A university-based study was conducted. Subjects were invited to complete ophthalmic examinations, including visual acuity, noncontact tonometry (NCT), cycloplegic autorefraction, and ocular biometry. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to evaluate the associations between IOP and other factors. Only data from right eyes were used in analysis. RESULTS A total of 7720 subjects aged 16 to 26 years old were included, and 2834 (36.4%) of the participants were male. The mean IOP of the right eye for all subjects was 15.52±3.20 mm Hg (95%CI: 15.45, 15.59). Using multivariate linear regression analysis, IOP was found to correlate significantly with younger age (P<0.001; standardized regression coefficient β, -0.061; regression coefficient β, -0.139; 95%CI: -0.18, -0.09), higher myopic refractive error (P=0.044; standardized β, -0.060; regression coefficient β, -0.770; 95%CI: -0.15, -0.002), higher central corneal thickness (P<0.001; standardized β, 0.450; regression coefficient β, 0.044; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.05), and shorter axial length (AL; P<0.001; standardized β, -0.061; regression coefficient β, -0.163; 95%CI: -0.25, -0.07). CONCLUSION This study described the normal distribution of IOP. In Chinese university students aged 16-26y, higher IOP is associated with younger age, higher myopic refractive error, higher thickness of the central cornea, and shorter AL.
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Reproductive outcomes in young breast cancer survivors treated (15–39) in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study. Breast 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(21)00240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Triplex qRT-PCR with specific probe for synchronously detecting Bovine parvovirus, bovine coronavirus, bovine parainfluenza virus and its applications. Pol J Vet Sci 2021; 23:481-489. [PMID: 33480488 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.134696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Bovine parvovirus (BPV), bovine coronavirus (BCoV) and bovine parainfluenza virus (BPIV) are common etiologies causing gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in dairy herds. However, there are few reports on the synchronous detection of BPV, BCoV and BPIV. The present article aimed to develop a quick and accurate RT-PCR assay to synchronously detect BPV, BCoV and BPIV based on their specific probes. One pair universal primers, one pair specific primers and one specific probe was designed and synthesized. After the concentrations of primer and probe and annealing temperature were strictly optimized, the specificity, sensitivity and repeatability of the established triplex probe qRT-PCR were evaluated, respectively. The results showed the recombinant plasmids of pMD18-T-BPV, pMD18-T-BCoV and pMD18-T-BPIV were 554bp, 699bp and 704bp, respectively. The optimal annealing temperature was set at 45.0°C for triplex qRT-PCR. The triplex probe qRT-PCR can only synchronously detect BPV, BCoV and BPIV. Detection sensitivities were 2.0×102, 2.0×102 and 2.0×101 copies/μL for BPV, BCoV and BPIV, being 1000-fold greater than that in the conventional PCR. Detection of clinical samples demonstrated that triplex probe qRT-PCR had a higher sensitivity and specificity. The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient of variation were lower than 2.0%. Clinical specimens verified that the triplex qRT-PCR had a higher sensitivity and specificity than universal PCR. In conclusion, this triplex probe qRT-PCR could detect only BPV, BCoV and BPIV. Minimum detection limits were 2.0×102 copies/μL for BPV and BCoV, and 2.0×101 copies/μL for BPIV. The sensitivity of this triplex probe qRT-PCR was 1000-fold greater than that in the conventional PCR. The newly qRT-PCR could be used to monitor or differentially diagnose virus infection.
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Final Results of a Phase III Randomized Trial of Comparison of Three Paclitaxel-based Regimens Concurrent with Radiotherapy for Patients with Local Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESO-Shanghai2). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Primary Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Breast: A Case Report. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Casestudy: Clear cell sarcoma (CCS), also known as malignant melanoma of soft parts, is a primary soft tissue neoplasm exhibiting evidence of melanocytic differentiation. It is an uncommon aggressive tumor that arises in tendons and aponeuroses of the distal extremities. Here, we report the first case of primary CCS of the breast.
The patient was a 43-year-old female who presented with a left breast mass and underwent surgical resection at an outside hospital. No history of melanoma or any other malignancies was reported. Grossly, it was described as a 2 x 1.5 x 1.5 cm, well-demarcated, white nodular mass. Microscopic examination showed a malignant neoplasm composed of short spindle cells with ill-defined, eosinophilic cytoplasm and ovoid nuclei with finely stippled chromatin and exhibiting moderate pleomorphism. The lesional cells were arranged in short interlacing fascicles with abundant collagen, with brisk mitotic activity (>15/10 HPF). The differential diagnosis included spindle cell carcinoma, myoepithelial carcinoma and melanocytic neoplasm. The tumor cells were immunoreactive for S-100 protein, SOX10, Mart-1, HMB45 and MiTF, but negative for multiple cytokeratins (including high and low molecular weight keratins), p63, EMA, CEA, Caldesmon, smooth muscle myosin, calponin, desmin, ERG, and CD31, thus confirming melanocytic origin. EWSR1 gene rearrangement was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis using break-apart probes. Overall, the histomorphology combined with the immunophenotype and cytogenetic characteristics, was most consistent with a CCS. To our knowledge, no primary CCS of the breast has been previously reported in the English language literature.
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Research progress into the physiological changes in metabolic pathways in waterfowl with hepatic steatosis. Br Poult Sci 2020; 62:118-124. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1812527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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500P Local lymphatic reaction in colorectal cancer: The relationship to patient survival, systemic inflammatory markers, MSI and KRAS mutations to tumour. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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miR-34b inhibits the migration/invasion and promotes apoptosis of non-small-cell lung cancer cells by YAF2. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:2038-2046. [PMID: 30915747 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201903_17244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world and microRNAs (miRNA) have been found to be involved in the initiation and development of cancer by acting as potential oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this study, we investigated the expression of miR-34b in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and discussed the molecular mechanism of miR-34b in the invasion and migration of A549 cells in vitro. RESULTS Our results showed that miR-34b was significantly down-regulated in primary cancer tissues when compared with the normal lung tissues. The over-expression of miR-34b inhibited migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis of A549 lung cancer cells. Furthermore, Luciferase reporter assay validated YY1-associated factor 2 (YAF2) as a direct target of miR-34b and YAF2 expression was significantly increased in clinical NSCLC tissue samples. In addition, the over-expression of miR-34b inhibited YAF2, p-Jak2, p-STAT3 and MMP2 protein expression and promoted caspase 3 protein expression in cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that miR-34b may inhibit migration and invasion of NSCLC cells by targeting YAF2. Thus, our findings provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of lung cancer metastasis and miR-34b may serve as a potential target in the treatment of human lung cancer.
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miR-18a expression in basal cell carcinoma and regulatory mechanism on autophagy through mTOR pathway. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 45:1027-1034. [PMID: 32485050 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin carcinoma. AIM To investigate the function of key micro(mi)RNAs and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms involved in BCC. METHODS The microarray dataset GSE34535, which comprises seven BCC samples and seven control samples, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were identified. We collected tissue samples from 20 patients with BCC and 20 healthy controls (HCs), to compare the miR-18a expression in their tissue samples. Expression of miR-18a in A431 and HaCaT cells was also assayed. Following this, we upregulated and downregulated miR-18a expression in A431 cells to examine the effects on cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. To further investigate the relative mechanism, the proteins LC3, Beclin 1, Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. For further verification, we examined the expression of LC3 in the 20 BCC and 20 HC tissue samples. RESULTS In total, 19 DE-miRNAs (13 upregulated and 6 downregulated) that were common to the BCC and HC groups were identified. Levels of miR-18a were about three-fold higher in BCC tissues and A431 cells compared with their respective control groups. In vitro, downregulation of miR-18a was shown to inhibit cell proliferation and activate autophagy via the Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, while upregulation of miR-18a promoted proliferation of these cells. LC3 was decreased in BCC compared with HC tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS Our data support an oncogenic role of miR-18a through a novel Akt/mTOR/Beclin 1/LC3 axis, and suggest that the antitumour effects of miR-18a inhibitor may make it suitable for BCC therapy.
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[Analysis of emergency venous sinus stenting in the treatment of acute visual impairment caused by idiopathic cranial hypertension]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2020; 100:2288-2292. [PMID: 32746600 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200313-00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of emergency venous sinus stenting in the treatment of acute visual impairment caused by idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to retrospectively analyze 38 patients undergoing venous sinus stenting in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to October 2019. A total of 9 patients who had sudden short-term vision loss met the inclusion criteria. Routine visual field and fundus examination were performed. The venous sinus stenosis (CVSS) was confirmed by MR venography or DSA. The pressure gradient at both ends of CVSS was ≥10 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). All patients were treated with emergency venous sinus stenting. Six-month follow-up data were collected for comparison, evaluation of the therapeutic effect, and observation of adverse reactions. Results: All 9 patients were successfully treated with venous sinus stent. The pressure gradient at the distal and proximal ends of the stenosis after stent implantation decreased to (2.3±1.2) mmHg. After 6 months of follow-up, the papilledema was significantly improved or disappeared in all patients. The average grade of papilledema decreased from 2.44±0.73 before operation to 0.56±0.53 after treatment (t=6.314, P<0.001). The visual acuity of 9 patients recovered to the pre-onset level or improved significantly after 6 months. The average baseline value of preoperative visual acuity (logMAR) was 0.12±0.11, which increased to 0.74±0.13 on average 6 months after operation (t=-10.827, P<0.001). No recurrence of symptoms or serious adverse reactions occurred in all patients during the follow-up period. Conclusion: For patients with acute visual impairment caused by idiopathic cranial hypertension, emergency venous sinus stenting is a relatively safe and effective treatment that can effectively improve visual acuity.
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Antimalarial agent artesunate induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via increasing intracellular ROS levels in normal liver cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1681-1689. [PMID: 32633561 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120937331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Artesunate (ARS) has been shown to be highly effective against chloroquine-resistant malaria. In vitro studies reported that ARS has anticancer effects; however, its detrimental action on cancer cells may also play a role in its toxicity toward normal cells and its potential toxicity has not been sufficiently researched. In this study, we investigated the possible cytotoxic effects using normal BRL-3A and AML12 liver cells. The results showed that ARS dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation and arrested the G0/G1 phase cell cycle in both BRL-3A and AML12 liver cells. Western blotting demonstrated that ARS induced a significant downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2), CDK4, cyclin D1, and cyclin E1 in various levels and then caused apoptosis when the Bcl-2/Bax ratio decreased. Conversely, the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased. The ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine can significantly inhibit cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by ARS. Thus, the data confirmed that ARS exposure impairs normal liver cell proliferation by inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and this detrimental action may be associated with intracellular ROS accumulation. Collectively, the possible side effects of ARS on healthy normal cells cannot be neglected when developing therapies.
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0834 Different Neural Circuits Were Associated With Different Parts of Relationships Among Sleep, Pain and Anxiety in Women with Primary Dysmenorrhoea. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Although the relationships amongst sleep, pain and anxiety have been evidenced, the underlying neurological mechanisms remain elusive. Primary dysmenorrhea is a good model of spontaneous pain with clear painful (menstruation, state) and pain free (e.g., peri-ovulatory phase, trait) conditions. We sought to investigate the state- and trait-related neural signatures that link sleep and anxiety in primary dysmenorrhea.
Methods
Thirty female subjects with primary dysmenorrhea and 30 healthy female controls completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and sleep quality assessments during menstruation and peri-ovulatory phases. As we have reported that there was altered default mode network in the primary dysmenorrhea, posterior parietal cortex (PPC) was therefore chosen as the seed to elucidate the functional connectivity that may correlate with sleep and anxiety.
Results
The primary dysmenorrheic subjects exhibited sleep disturbances throughout the menstrual cycle with increased state anxiety. The primary dysmenorrheic subjects demonstrated significantly higher correlations between the sleep quality and the PPC-insula and -putamen functional connectivity during the peri-ovulatory phase. During menstruation, the primary dysmenorrheic subjects demonstrated significantly lower correlations between their state-anxiety scores and the PPC-occipital cortex functional connectivity.
Conclusion
After regressing out the effects of trait anxiety, the correlation between sleep quality and the PPC-putamen functional connectivity was not significant, indicating anxiety-mediated sleep-pain relationship. The PPC-insula functional connectivity, by contrast, was remained significant. Furthermore, state anxiety was associated with the PPC-occipital cortex functional connectivity that was significantly impaired in primary dysmenorrheic subjects. These findings hinted pain and anxiety mediating sleep quality in different neurological circuits.
Support
Taipei City Goverment(10401-62-046 and 10501-62-046)
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SAT-269 SINGLE OR DUAL USE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM INHIBITORS ON RESIDUAL RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS RECEIVING CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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[Analysis of clinical features of 29 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2020; 43:203-208. [PMID: 32026671 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia and to investigate the correlation between serum inflammatory cytokines and severity of the disease. Methods: 29 patients with 2019-ncov admitted to the isolation ward of Tongji hospital affiliated to Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in January 2020 were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data were collected and the general information, clinical symptoms, blood test and CT imaging characteristics were analyzed. According to the relevant diagnostic criteria, the patients were divided into three groups: mild (15 cases), severe (9 cases) and critical (5 cases). The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and other markers in the serum of each group were detected, and the changes of these indicators of the three groups were compared and analyzed, as well as their relationship with the clinical classification of the disease. Results: (1) The main symptoms of 2019-nCoV pneumonia was fever (28/29) with or without respiratory and other systemic symptoms. Two patients died with underlying disease and co-bacterial infection, respectively. (2) The blood test of the patients showed normal or decreased white blood cell count (23/29), decreased lymphocyte count (20/29), increased hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) (27/29), and normal procalcitonin. In most patients,serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly increased (20/29), while albumin was decreased(15/29). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (Tbil), serum creatinine (Scr) and other items showed no significant changes. (3) CT findings of typical cases were single or multiple patchy ground glass shadows accompanied by septal thickening. When the disease progresses, the lesion increases and the scope expands, and the ground glass shadow coexists with the solid shadow or the stripe shadow. (4) There were statistically significant differences in the expression levels of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and IL-6 in the serum of the three groups (P<0.05), among which the critical group was higher than the severe group and the severe group was higher than the mildgroup. However, there were no statistically significant differences in serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1, IL-8, IL-10, hs-CRP, lymphocyte count and LDH among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV pneumonia are similar to those of common viral pneumonia. High resolution CT is of great value in the differential diagnosis of this disease. The increased expression of IL-2R and IL-6 in serum is expected to predict the severity of the 2019-nCoV pneumonia and the prognosis of patients.
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