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Avisar D, Manoeli A, dos Santos AA, Porto ACDM, Rocha CDS, Zauza E, Gonzalez ER, Soliman E, Gonsalves JMW, Bombonato L, Galan MP, Domingues MM, Candelaria MC, Mafia R, Graça RN, Azulay S, Livne S, Dias TB, Drezza TR, Silva WJ, Pinheiro AC. Genetically engineered eucalyptus expressing pesticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis for insect resistance: a risk assessment evaluation perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1322985. [PMID: 38562667 PMCID: PMC10982518 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1322985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus covers approximately 7.5 million hectares in Brazil and serves as the primary woody species cultivated for commercial purposes. However, native insects and invasive pests pose a significant threat to eucalyptus trees, resulting in substantial economic losses and reduced forest productivity. One of the primary lepidopteran pests affecting eucalyptus is Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), commonly referred to as the brown looper caterpillar. To address this issue, FuturaGene, the biotech division of Suzano S.A., has developed an insect-resistant (IR) eucalyptus variety, which expresses Cry pesticidal proteins (Cry1Ab, Cry1Bb, and Cry2Aa), derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Following extensive safety assessments, including field trials across various biomes in Brazil, the Brazilian National Technical Commission of Biosafety (CTNBio) recently approved the commercialization of IR eucalyptus. The biosafety assessments involved the analysis of molecular genomics, digestibility, thermostability, non-target organism exposure, degradability in the field, and effects on soil microbial communities and arthropod communities. In addition, in silico studies were conducted to evaluate allergenicity and toxicity. Results from both laboratory and field studies indicated that Bt eucalyptus is as safe as the conventional eucalyptus clone for humans, animals, and the environment, ensuring the secure use of this insect-resistant trait in wood production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Avisar
- FuturaGene Israel Ltd. (R&D), Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria P. Galan
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene—Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sivan Livne
- FuturaGene Israel Ltd. (R&D), Rehovot, Israel
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Avisar D, Azulay S, Bombonato L, Carvalho D, Dallapicolla H, de Souza C, Dos Santos A, Dias T, Galan MP, Galvao M, Gonsalves JM, Gonzales E, Graça R, Livne S, Mafia R, Manoeli A, May M, Menezes TRD, Pinheiro AC, Porto A, Rocha C, Schafer A, Schafer B, Zauza E, Silva W. Safety Assessment of the CP4 EPSPS and NPTII Proteins in Eucalyptus. GM Crops Food 2023; 14:1-14. [PMID: 37334790 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2023.2222436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate herbicide treatment is essential to sustainable Eucalyptus plantation management in Brazil. Eucalyptus is highly sensitive to glyphosate, and Suzano/FuturaGene has genetically modified eucalyptus to tolerate glyphosate, with the aim of both protecting eucalyptus trees from glyphosate application damage and improving weed management. This study presents the biosafety results of the glyphosate-tolerant eucalyptus event 751K032, which expresses the selection marker neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII) enzyme and CP4-EPSPS, a glyphosate-tolerant variant of plant 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase enzyme. The transgenic genetically modified (GM) event 751K032 behaved in the plantations like conventional non-transgenic eucalyptus clone, FGN-K, and had no effects on arthropods and soil microorganisms. The engineered NPTII and CP4 EPSPS proteins were heat-labile, readily digestible, and according to the bioinformatics analyses, unlikely to cause an allergenic or toxic reaction in humans or animals. This assessment of the biosafety of the glyphosate-tolerant eucalyptus event 751K032 concludes that it is safe to be used for wood production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorena Bombonato
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | - Denise Carvalho
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | - Carla de Souza
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiane Dias
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | - Milton Galvao
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | - Esteban Gonzales
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Graça
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mike May
- R&D, FuturaGene Israel Ltd, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | - Antonio Porto
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rocha
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - William Silva
- W J Silva Consultoria Agricola S/C LTDA, Jardinópolis, Brazil
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Illouz-Eliaz N, Ramon U, Shohat H, Blum S, Livne S, Mendelson D, Weiss D. Multiple Gibberellin Receptors Contribute to Phenotypic Stability under Changing Environments. Plant Cell 2019; 31:1506-1519. [PMID: 31076539 PMCID: PMC6635849 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The pleiotropic and complex gibberellin (GA) response relies on targeted proteolysis of DELLA proteins mediated by a GA-activated GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) receptor. The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genome encodes for a single DELLA protein, PROCERA (PRO), and three receptors, SlGID1a (GID1a), GID1b1, and GID1b2, that may guide specific GA responses. In this work, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) /CRISPR associated protein 9-derived gid1 mutants were generated and their effect on GA responses was studied. The gid1 triple mutant was extremely dwarf and fully insensitive to GA. Under optimal growth conditions, the three receptors function redundantly and the single gid1 mutants exhibited very mild phenotypic changes. Among the three receptors, GID1a had the strongest effects on germination and growth. Yeast two-hybrid assays suggested that GID1a has the highest affinity to PRO. Analysis of lines with a single active receptor demonstrated a unique role for GID1a in protracted response to GA that was saturated only at high doses. When the gid1 mutants were grown in the field under ambient changing environments, they showed phenotypic instability, the high redundancy was lost, and gid1a exhibited dwarfism that was strongly exacerbated by the loss of another GID1b receptor gene. These results suggest that multiple GA receptors contribute to phenotypic stability under environmental extremes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natanella Illouz-Eliaz
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Uria Ramon
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hagai Shohat
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Shula Blum
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sivan Livne
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dvir Mendelson
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Weiss
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Steiner E, Livne S, Kobinson-Katz T, Tal L, Pri-Tal O, Mosquna A, Tarkowská D, Mueller B, Tarkowski P, Weiss D. The Putative O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Transferase SPINDLY Inhibits Class I TCP Proteolysis to Promote Sensitivity to Cytokinin. Plant Physiol 2016; 171:1485-94. [PMID: 27208284 PMCID: PMC4902619 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) SPINDLY (SPY) is a putative serine and threonine O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT). While SPY has been shown to suppress gibberellin signaling and to promote cytokinin (CK) responses, its catalytic OGT activity was never demonstrated and its effect on protein fate is not known. We previously showed that SPY interacts physically and functionally with TCP14 and TCP15 to promote CK responses. Here, we aimed to identify how SPY regulates TCP14/15 activities and how these TCPs promote CK responses. We show that SPY activity is required for TCP14 stability. Mutation in the putative OGT domain of SPY (spy-3) stimulated TCP14 proteolysis by the 26S proteasome, which was reversed by mutation in CULLIN1 (CUL1), suggesting a role for SKP, CUL1, F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase in TCP14 proteolysis. TCP14 proteolysis in spy-3 suppressed all TCP14 misexpression phenotypes, including the enhanced CK responses. The increased CK activity in TCP14/15-overexpressing flowers resulted from increased sensitivity to the hormone and not from higher CK levels. TCP15 overexpression enhanced the response of the CK-induced synthetic promoter pTCS to CK, suggesting that TCP14/15 affect early steps in CK signaling. We propose that posttranslational modification of TCP14/15 by SPY inhibits their proteolysis and that the accumulated proteins promote the activity of the CK phosphorelay cascade in developing Arabidopsis leaves and flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evyatar Steiner
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Sivan Livne
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Tammy Kobinson-Katz
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Lior Tal
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Oded Pri-Tal
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Assaf Mosquna
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Danuše Tarkowská
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Bruno Mueller
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - David Weiss
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
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5
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Livne S, Lor VS, Nir I, Eliaz N, Aharoni A, Olszewski NE, Eshed Y, Weiss D. Uncovering DELLA-Independent Gibberellin Responses by Characterizing New Tomato procera Mutants. Plant Cell 2015; 27:1579-94. [PMID: 26036254 PMCID: PMC4498196 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.132795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellin (GA) regulates plant development primarily by triggering the degradation/deactivation of the DELLA proteins. However, it remains unclear whether all GA responses are regulated by DELLAs. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) has a single DELLA gene named PROCERA (PRO), and its recessive pro allele exhibits constitutive GA activity but retains responsiveness to external GA. In the loss-of-function mutant pro(ΔGRAS), all examined GA developmental responses were considerably enhanced relative to pro and a defect in seed desiccation tolerance was uncovered. As pro, but not pro(ΔGRAS), elongation was promoted by GA treatment, pro may retain residual DELLA activity. In agreement with homeostatic feedback regulation of the GA biosynthetic pathway, we found that GA20oxidase1 expression was suppressed in pro(ΔGRAS) and was not affected by exogenous GA3. In contrast, expression of GA2oxidase4 was not affected by the elevated GA signaling in pro(ΔGRAS) but was strongly induced by exogenous GA3. Since a similar response was found in Arabidopsis thaliana plants with impaired activity of all five DELLA genes, we suggest that homeostatic GA responses are regulated by both DELLA-dependent and -independent pathways. Transcriptome analysis of GA-treated pro(ΔGRAS) leaves suggests that 5% of all GA-regulated genes in tomato are DELLA independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Livne
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Vai S Lor
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| | - Ido Nir
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Natanella Eliaz
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Neil E Olszewski
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| | - Yuval Eshed
- Department of Plant Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Weiss
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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7
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Harel N, Livne S, Piek D, Ormianer Z. [Impressions for implant supported prostheses]. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim (1993) 2013; 30:52-63. [PMID: 24303743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A crucial aspect for successful outcome of implant supported restoration is it's accurate fit. The implant and the prosthetic component have precise machine fit, thus small discrepancies can lead to stress applied to the implants when connecting the restoration. The accuracy of the master cast is of great significance and depends on both clinical and laboratory factors. The purpose of this article is to discuss the various materials and methods available for impressions and the effect of implants' location, number and angulations on the accuracy of the impressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Harel
- Dept. of Oral rehabilitation, the Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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8
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Livne S, Marku-Cohen S, Harel N, Piek D, Ormianer Z. [The influence of dental implant surface on osseointegration: review]. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim (1993) 2012; 29:41-66. [PMID: 22991876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Dental implant therapy is a prevalent and successful treatment, based on research and clinical experience. Ossointegration is the main factor that responsible for success or failure, initially of the implant, and in some cases followed with the whole treatment failure. The osseointegration process is influenced by several factors, among them the surface texture. Dental implants are available with different surface modifications that have been developed for enhancing clinical performances. This paper reviews the main treatments used for changing dental titanium implant surfaces, and compare the clinical performance of different types of implants. Based on existent literature, modified implant surface improves significantly the ability to achive optimise bone-implant contact and improve osseointegration. This review did not find any significant major differences between the surface modifications in use this days in terms of survival and success of specific implant. There are several methods that are no longer in use, due to poor clinical performance in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Livne
- Dept. of Oral Rehabilitation, the Maurice and Gabriela Golfschleger School of Dental Medicine, tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Harel N, Livne S, Piek D, Marku-Cohen S, Ormianer Z. [Current status of implant-abutment--part 1: abutments for cemented versus screw retained restorations]. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim (1993) 2012; 29:19-63. [PMID: 22991873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fixed implant supported single crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) have become an accepted treatment option for replacing and restoring missing teeth. Recent systematic reviews summarized excellent 5- and 10-year survival rates for both reconstruction types. In screw-retained restorations, the fastening screw provides a solid joint between the restoration and the implant abutment or between the restoration and the implant itself. With cement-retained prostheses, this restorative screw is eliminated for many reasons: esthetics, occlusal stability, and fabrication of passively fitting restorations. The purpose of this article is to review the variety of implant-abutments available for fabrication of fixed implant-supported restoration and compare between the various abutment forms (screw vs. cement retained).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Harel
- Dept. of Oral rehabilitation, the Maurice and Gabriela Golfschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Wanunu M, Livne S, Vaskevich A, Rubinstein I. Assembly of coordination nanostructures via ligand derivatization of oxide surfaces. Langmuir 2006; 22:2130-5. [PMID: 16489798 DOI: 10.1021/la0527745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A scheme is presented for the construction of coordination nanostructures on oxide surfaces (glass, Si/SiO2, quartz), based on application of epoxy-terminated monolayers as anchors for covalent grafting of ligands. Two ligands bearing amine groups were reacted with epoxysilane monolayers on oxide surfaces, providing ligand-terminated substrates. The ligands employed were (i) a pyridine moiety, used for subsequent binding of cobalt tetraphenylporphine (CoTPP), and (ii) deferoxamine (DFX), which contains hydroxamic acid moieties, used for subsequent construction of various Zr4+-based coordination layers. The results suggest that a dense ligand layer was obtained in both cases, allowing the formation of coordination overlayers on the oxide surfaces. The growth of coordinated layers was similar to analogous overlayers assembled on Au substrates, indicating that high ligand coverage is achieved by the epoxy-amine surface reaction. Epoxy-based functionalization of oxide substrates is a mild and efficient method for preparing high-quality coordination overlayers. Moreover, the method makes use of commercially available silane and amine reactants, providing the basis for wide application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meni Wanunu
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Abstract
The size and complexity of software and hardware systems have significantly increased in the past years. As a result, it is harder to guarantee their correct behavior. One of the most successful methods for automated verification of finite-state systems is model checking. Most of the current model-checking systems use binary decision diagrams (BDDs) for the representation of the tested model and in the verification process of its properties. Generally, BDDs allow a canonical compact representation of a boolean function (given an order of its variables). The more compact the BDD is, the better performance one gets from the verifier. However, finding an optimal order for a BDD is an NP-complete problem. Therefore, several heuristic methods based on expert knowledge have been developed for variable ordering. We propose an alternative approach in which the variable ordering algorithm gains 'ordering experience' from training models and uses the learned knowledge for finding good orders. Our methodology is based on offline learning of pair precedence classifiers from training models, that is, learning which variable pair permutation is more likely to lead to a good order. For each training model, a number of training sequences are evaluated. Every training model variable pair permutation is then tagged based on its performance on the evaluated orders. The tagged permutations are then passed through a feature extractor and are given as examples to a classifier creation algorithm. Given a model for which an order is requested, the ordering algorithm consults each precedence classifier and constructs a pair precedence table which is used to create the order. Our algorithm was integrated with SMV, which is one of the most widely used verification systems. Preliminary empirical evaluation of our methodology, using real benchmark models, shows performance that is better than random ordering and is competitive with existing algorithms that use expert knowledge. We believe that in sub-domains of models (alu, caches, etc.) our system will prove even more valuable. This is because it features the ability to learn sub-domain knowledge, something that no other ordering algorithm does.
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Karniel-Lauer E, Szor H, Livne S, Melamed Y, Spiro S, Elizur A. The "re-entry group"--a transitional therapeutic framework for mentally ill patients discharged from the hospital to community clinics. Can J Psychiatry 2000; 45:837-9. [PMID: 11143835 DOI: 10.1177/070674370004500909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An effective transition of the psychiatric patient from the hospital to the community clinic is vital to the continuity of care. This study shows a short-term group, the "re-entry group," to be more effective in this transition than are patients discharged from a psychiatric hospital by the traditional process. We used a psychoeducational approach to facilitate active participation and compliance with outpatient therapy. Outcome variables included absorption of patients into the clinic, continued therapy, compliance with treatment, rehospitalization, level of knowledge regarding illness and medication, quality of rehabilitation, and attitude towards treatment.
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