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Ijaiya MA, Saka MJ, Aderibigbe SA, Raji HO, Adeniran AS, Ijaiya ZB, Ameen HA, Uthman MMB, Kayode B, Abdulraheem I, Bolarinwa OA, Saidu R. Determinants of Choice of Facility-Based Delivery among Mothers in Kwara State, Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:594-600. [PMID: 37385250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nigeria has the highest number of maternal deaths in the world, which is a major public health problem. One of the major contributory factors is high prevalence of unskilled birth attendance from low facility delivery. However, the reasons for and against facility delivery are complex and not fully understood. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify the facilitators and barriers to facility based deliveries (FBD) among mothers in Kwara state, Nigeria. METHODS The study was carried out among 495 mothers that delivered in the five years prior to the study in three selected communities from the three senatorial districts of Kwara state using mixed methods. The study design consisted of a cross-sectional study with mixed data collection involving qualitative and quantitative methods. Multistage sampling technique was employed. Primary outcome measures were place of delivery, reasons for and against FBD. RESULTS Of the 495 respondents that had their last delivery during the study period, 410 respondents delivered in the hospital (83%). Common reasons for hospital delivery were ease and convenience (87.1%), safe delivery (73.6%) and faith in healthcare providers (22.4%). The common barriers to FBD included high cost of hospital delivery (85.9%), sudden birth (58.8%) and distance (18.8%). Other important barriers were availability of cheaper alternatives (traditional birth attendants and community health extension workers practising at home), unavailability of community health insurance and lack of family support. Parity, level of education of respondents and husband had significant influence on choice of delivery (p<0.05). CONCLUSION These findings provided a good insight into the reasons for and against facility delivery among Kwara women, which can assist policy makers and program interventions that can improve facility deliveries and ultimately improve skilled birth attendance, reduce maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ijaiya
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - M J Saka
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - S A Aderibigbe
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - H O Raji
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - A S Adeniran
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Z B Ijaiya
- Department of Nursing Services, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - H A Ameen
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - M M B Uthman
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - B Kayode
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - I Abdulraheem
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - O A Bolarinwa
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - R Saidu
- University of Capetown, South Africa
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2
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Ozoh OB, Aderibigbe SA, Ayuk AC, Dede SK, Egbagbe E, Babashani M. Health-related quality of life in asthma measured by the World Health Organization brief questionnaire (WHO-BREF) and the effect of concomitant allergic rhinitis-A population-based study. Clin Respir J 2023. [PMID: 37016072 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The impact of allergic rhinitis (AR), a common comorbidity in asthma, on global quality of life (QoL) using generic QoL questionnaires has not been extensively evaluated. METHODS This was a cross-sectional population-based study among adults ≥18 years old. Generic QoL was measured using the World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and asthma control was assessed using the Asthma Control Test. Participants were categorized into four groups: Group 1 (No asthma, no AR), Group 2 (Asthma only), Group 3 (AR only) and Group 4 (Concomitant asthma and AR). The student t-test or the ANOVA was used for comparison between groups and based on the level of asthma control. Linear regression was used to assess the association between the level of asthma control and QoL scores, adjusted for age and sex. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant for all associations. RESULTS There were 9115 participants; 906 (9.9%) had asthma, and 1998 (21.9%) had AR. The lowest QoL scores were in the environment domain. Mean QoL scores were significantly lower in asthma compared to 'no asthma' and in AR compared to 'no AR'. Either asthma or rhinitis (Group 2 or 3) had significantly lower scores compared to no disease (Group 1) only in the environment domain, but the concomitant disease (Group 4) had lower scores across all categories and domains. Scores were significantly lower for uncontrolled asthma compared to controlled asthma and for 'concomitant asthma and AR' compared to 'asthma only'. Increasing age and uncontrolled asthma predicted worse health-related quality of life (HRQoL) consistently. CONCLUSION Although asthma and AR negatively impact HRQoL independently, concomitant asthma and AR are worse. Uncontrolled asthma underpins poor QoL in asthma because QoL is not impaired in controlled disease. This underscores the need for recognition and treatment of AR in asthma and reinforces the benefits of achieving asthma control as a priority in asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obianuju B Ozoh
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Sunday A Aderibigbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Adaeze C Ayuk
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka-Enugu Campus, Nsukka, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Sandra K Dede
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Eruke Egbagbe
- Department of Medicine, University of Benin School of Medicine, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Musa Babashani
- Department of Medicine Kano, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
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3
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Olatona FA, Aderibigbe SA, Amu EO, Onabanjo OO, Nnoaham KE. Micro-nutrient related malnutrition and obesity in a university undergraduate population and implications for non-communicable diseases. Journal of Global Health Reports 2020. [DOI: 10.29392/001c.17603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Foluke A Olatona
- Department of Community Health & Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Sunday A Aderibigbe
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Eyitope O Amu
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State
| | - Oluseye O Onabanjo
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Food Science and Human Ecology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
| | - Kelechi E Nnoaham
- Faculty of Health & Human Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
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4
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Tagbo BN, Bancroft RE, Fajolu I, Abdulkadir MB, Bashir MF, Okunola OP, Isiaka AH, Lawal NM, Edelu BO, Onyejiaka N, Ihuoma CJ, Ndu F, Ozumba UC, Udeinya F, Ogunsola F, Saka AO, Fadeyi A, Aderibigbe SA, Abdulraheem J, Yusuf AG, Sylvanus Ndow P, Ogbogu P, Kanu C, Emina V, Makinwa OJ, Gehre F, Yusuf K, Braka F, Mwenda JM, Ticha JM, Nwodo D, Worwui A, Biey JN, Kwambana-Adams BA, Antonio M. Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis Surveillance in Nigeria From 2010 to 2016, Prior to and During the Phased Introduction of the 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 69:S81-S88. [PMID: 31505626 PMCID: PMC6736152 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Historically, Nigeria has experienced large bacterial meningitis outbreaks with high mortality in children. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), and Haemophilus influenzae are major causes of this invasive disease. In collaboration with the World Health Organization, we conducted longitudinal surveillance in sentinel hospitals within Nigeria to establish the burden of pediatric bacterial meningitis (PBM). Methods From 2010 to 2016, cerebrospinal fluid was collected from children <5 years of age, admitted to 5 sentinel hospitals in 5 Nigerian states. Microbiological and latex agglutination techniques were performed to detect the presence of pneumococcus, meningococcus, and H. influenzae. Species-specific polymerase chain reaction and serotyping/grouping were conducted to determine specific causative agents of PBM. Results A total of 5134 children with suspected meningitis were enrolled at the participating hospitals; of these 153 (2.9%) were confirmed PBM cases. The mortality rate for those infected was 15.0% (23/153). The dominant pathogen was pneumococcus (46.4%: 71/153) followed by meningococcus (34.6%: 53/153) and H. influenzae (19.0%: 29/153). Nearly half the pneumococcal meningitis cases successfully serotyped (46.4%: 13/28) were caused by serotypes that are included in the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The most prevalent meningococcal and H. influenzae strains were serogroup W and serotype b, respectively. Conclusions Vaccine-type bacterial meningitis continues to be common among children <5 years in Nigeria. Challenges with vaccine introduction and coverage may explain some of these finding. Continued surveillance is needed to determine the distribution of serotypes/groups of meningeal pathogens across Nigeria and help inform and sustain vaccination policies in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beckie N Tagbo
- Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, and.,Department of Paediatrics University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State
| | - Rowan E Bancroft
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul
| | - Iretiola Fajolu
- Department of Paediatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital.,Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos
| | | | - Muhammad F Bashir
- Department of Paediatrics, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi
| | | | | | - Namadi M Lawal
- Department of Disease Control and Immunization, National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja
| | - Benedict O Edelu
- Department of Paediatrics University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State
| | - Ngozi Onyejiaka
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital
| | - Chinonyerem J Ihuoma
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State
| | | | - Uchenna C Ozumba
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State
| | - Frances Udeinya
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State
| | - Folasade Ogunsola
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital
| | - Aishat O Saka
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital
| | - Abayomi Fadeyi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Kwara
| | - Sunday A Aderibigbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Kwara
| | - Jimoh Abdulraheem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Kwara
| | - Adamu G Yusuf
- Medical Microbiology Department, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi
| | - Peter Sylvanus Ndow
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul
| | - Philomena Ogbogu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital
| | - Chinomnso Kanu
- Department of Community Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, and
| | - Velly Emina
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - Olajumoke J Makinwa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital
| | - Florian Gehre
- Department of Paediatrics University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kabir Yusuf
- Department of Disease Control and Immunization, National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja
| | | | - Jason M Mwenda
- WHO Regional Office for Africa WHO/AFRO, Republic of Congo, Brazzaville
| | | | | | - Archibald Worwui
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul
| | - Joseph N Biey
- WHO Regional Office for Africa WHO/AFRO, Republic of Congo, Brazzaville
| | - Brenda A Kwambana-Adams
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul
| | - Martin Antonio
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul.,Microbiology and Infection Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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Ozoh OB, Aderibigbe SA, Ayuk AC, Desalu OO, Oridota OE, Olufemi O, Egbagbe E, Babashani M, Shopeyin A, Ukwaja K, Dede SK. The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria: A nationwide survey among children, adolescents and adults. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222281. [PMID: 31518382 PMCID: PMC6743776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Asthma is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and information on the prevalence of asthma in Nigeria is inconsistent. Nationally representative data, important for health planning is unavailable. We aimed to determine the current prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional population survey conducted between June 2017 and March 2018 across five cities representing five geo-political zones in Nigeria. Validated screening questionnaires were used to identify persons with asthma and allergic rhinitis respectively. Asthma was defined as physician diagnosed asthma, clinical asthma and by presence of wheeze in the last 12 months respectively. Socio-demographic information, tobacco smoking, sources of household cooking fuel were also obtained. RESULTS A total of 20063 participants from 6024 households were screened. The prevalence (95% confidence interval) of physician diagnosed asthma, clinical asthma and wheeze was 2.5% (2.3-2.7%), 6.4% (6.0-6.64%) and 9.0% (8.6-9.4%) respectively. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 22.8% (22.2-23.4%). The prevalence of asthma and rhinitis increased with age (prevalence of clinical asthma: 3.1% (2.8-3.4%), 9.8% (9.1-10.5) and 10.7% (9.4%-12.0) among 6-17 years, 18-45 years and >45 years respectively). Prevalence also varied across different cities with the highest prevalence of clinical asthma occurring in Lagos (8.0%) and the lowest in Ilorin (1.1%). The frequency of allergic rhinitis among persons with clinical asthma was 74.7%. Presence of allergic rhinitis, family history of asthma, current smoking and being overweight were independent determinants of current asthma among adults. CONCLUSION The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria is high with variabilities across regions and age groups. The number of persons with clinical asthma in Nigeria (approximately 13 million) is likely to rank among the highest in Africa. This warrants prioritization by stakeholders and policy makers to actively implement risk reduction measures and increase investment in capacity building for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obianuju B. Ozoh
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos State, Nigeria
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Sunday A. Aderibigbe
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Adaeze C. Ayuk
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi O. Desalu
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Olufela E. Oridota
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos State, Nigeria
- Department of Community Medicine and Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | | | - Eruke Egbagbe
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Musa Babashani
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Aminu Kano University, Kano State, Nigeria
| | | | - Kingsley Ukwaja
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital Abakiliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Sandra K. Dede
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos State, Nigeria
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Ozoh OB, Ayuk AC, Ukwaja KN, Desalu OO, Olufemi O, Aderibigbe SA, Egbagbe E, Oridota OE, Dede SK, Shopeyin A, Babashani M. Asthma management and control in Nigeria: the asthma insight and reality Nigeria (AIRNIG) study. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:917-927. [PMID: 31365287 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1651201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: The state of asthma management and asthma control at the population level in Nigeria is unknown. We aimed to determine the level of asthma control and asthma management practices in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study of 405 participants with current asthma (physician-diagnosed with use of asthma medication or asthma symptoms in the preceding 12 months). We determined the level of asthma control, self-perception of asthma control, health-care use, missed work/school, and medication use. Results: Asthma was controlled in 6.2% of the participants. Night-time awakening and limitation in activity in the preceding 4 weeks were reported by 77.5% and 78.3%, respectively, 56.3% and 14.1% missed work/school and had emergency room visits, respectively, and 11.6% and 38.8% used inhaled corticosteroid and short-acting beta-2 agonist, respectively, in the preceding year. About a third (34.3%) had spirometry ever performed and 46.7% had training on inhaler technique. Nearly 90% with uncontrolled asthma had self-perception of asthma control between somewhat and completely controlled. Conclusion: The level of asthma control in Nigeria is poor with a high burden of asthma symptoms and limitation in activities. This calls for a broad-based approach for the improvement in asthma care that encompasses education and access to medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obianuju B Ozoh
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos , Lagos State , Nigeria.,Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital , Lagos State , Nigeria
| | - Adaeze C Ayuk
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital , Enugu State , Nigeria
| | - Kingsley N Ukwaja
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital Abakiliki , Ebonyi State , Nigeria
| | - Olufemi O Desalu
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin , Kwara State , Nigeria
| | - Olajumoke Olufemi
- Department of Community Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital , Lagos State , Nigeria
| | - Sunday A Aderibigbe
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ilorin , Kwara State , Nigeria
| | - Eruke Egbagbe
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Benin , Edo State , Nigeria
| | - Olufela E Oridota
- Department of Community Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital , Lagos State , Nigeria.,Department of Community Medicine and Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Lagos , Lagos State , Nigeria
| | - Sandra K Dede
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital , Lagos State , Nigeria
| | - Azeezat Shopeyin
- Department of Community Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital , Lagos State , Nigeria
| | - Musa Babashani
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Aminu Kano University , Kano State , Nigeria
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7
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Desalu OO, Sanya EO, Adeoti AO, Aderibigbe SA, Kolo PM. Impact of Operational Definitions on the Predictors and Prevalence of Asthma Estimates: Experience from a University Students' Survey and Implications for Interpretation of Disease Burden. Ethiop J Health Sci 2018; 28:725-734. [PMID: 30607089 PMCID: PMC6308751 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v28i6.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inconsistent operational definitions during asthma surveillance can lead to inaccurate estimation of disease burden and formulation of health policy. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different definitions on the prevalence estimates and predictors of asthma among university students in Ilorin, Nigeria. The secondary aim was to compare level of agreement of the different definitions. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out from June to August 2015. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire was self-administered by 1485 students. Asthma diagnosis was based on five definitions used in previous studies in the country. These were ECRHS, International Study of Asthma, Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), Probable, Modified ECRHS and Modified Probable asthma definitions. RESULTS The prevalence rates varied from 10.4 to 24.1% depending on the definition. Prevalence obtained by using ECRHS definition significantly differed from estimates by other definitions (Z score ≥ 1.96 p<0.0001) except modified probable asthma. Identified predictors of asthma varied from five to six depending on the definition, and their strength also differed by definition. Regardless of the definition, reported nasal allergy, skin allergy, family history of nasal allergy, asthma and parental smoking were the predictors of asthma. The Kappa statistics demonstrated a fair to almost perfect association between the ECRHS and other asthma definitions (Kappa = 0.334-0.841, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The prevalence rates and predictors of asthma are affected by operational definitions. Researchers need to adopt a uniform definition for accurate estimation of disease burden, international comparison of result and formulation of prevention policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufemi O Desalu
- Deparment of Medicine University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel O Sanya
- Deparment of Medicine University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Adekunle O Adeoti
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Sunday A Aderibigbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Philip M Kolo
- Deparment of Medicine University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin, Nigeria
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Sanya EO, Desalu OO, Aderibigbe SA, Kolo PM, Mustapha AF, Adeyanju OA. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of headaches among undergraduate students in three tertiary institutions in Ilorin, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2018; 20:1411-1416. [PMID: 29303124 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_383_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Headache is a common chronic neurologic disorder with huge economic and psychosocial impact. In comparison with other neurological disorders, there is limited data on primary headache, especially from sub-Saharan Africa. This study was done to fill in the gap and provide recent information on headache among Nigerian undergraduate students. METHODOLOGY Quota sampling was used to select students from three tertiary educational institutions within Ilorin, the capital of Kwara state. Two-stage self-administered questionnaires developed from the guideline of the International Society of Headache were used to harvest information. RESULTS A total of 1500 students participated in the study. The mean age of the students was 20.9 ± 3.1 years, with male:female ratio of 1.6:1. A total of 356 students have frequent headache within previous 1 year, given the headache frequency of 23.7%. Fifty-three students (3.5%) had headaches on almost daily basis, 84 (5.6%) had ≥4 attacks/week, 145 (9.7%) had ≤2-3 attacks/month, and 123 (8.2%) had 1-3 attacks every 3 months. Close to 75% indicated that it limits their daily activity frequently. One hundred and eighty-seven (12.5%) students fulfilled the criteria for tension-type headache, 36 (2.4%) for migraine headache, and 133 (8.9%) had nonclassified headaches. The most frequent headache-associated symptoms are photophia - 100 students (6.7%), phonophobia - 159 students (10.6%), while 62 students (4.1%) had nausea and vomiting. None of the students had seen a physician for proper headache diagnosis. Majority (90.2%) used none prescription over-the-counter analgesia (acetaminophen) for symptomatic treatment of their aches. CONCLUSION Headache is a common complaint among Nigerian undergraduate students and it limits the daily activity of majority of the sufferers. Students need proper education regarding treatment to alleviate their suffering and forestall complication, especially those associated with analgesic overuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Sanya
- Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - O O Desalu
- Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - S A Aderibigbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - P M Kolo
- Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - A F Mustapha
- Department of Medicine, LAUTECH Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - O A Adeyanju
- Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
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Brals D, Aderibigbe SA, Wit FW, van Ophem JCM, van der List M, Osagbemi GK, Hendriks ME, Akande TM, Boele van Hensbroek M, Schultsz C. The effect of health insurance and health facility-upgrades on hospital deliveries in rural Nigeria: a controlled interrupted time-series study. Health Policy Plan 2018; 32:990-1001. [PMID: 28402420 PMCID: PMC5886299 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czx034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Access to quality obstetric care is considered essential to reducing maternal and new-born mortality. We evaluated the effect of the introduction of a multifaceted voluntary health insurance programme on hospital deliveries in rural Nigeria. Methods: We used an interrupted time-series design, including a control group. The intervention consisted of providing voluntary health insurance covering primary and secondary healthcare, including antenatal and obstetric care, combined with improving the quality of healthcare facilities. We compared changes in hospital deliveries from 1 May 2005 to 30 April 2013 between the programme area and control area in a difference-in-differences analysis with multiple time periods, adjusting for observed confounders. Data were collected through household surveys. Eligible households (n = 1500) were selected from a stratified probability sample of enumeration areas. All deliveries during the 4-year baseline period (n = 460) and 4-year follow-up period (n = 380) were included. Findings: Insurance coverage increased from 0% before the insurance was introduced to 70.2% in April 2013 in the programme area. In the control area insurance coverage remained 0% between May 2005 and April 2013. Although hospital deliveries followed a common stable trend over the 4 pre-programme years (P = 0.89), the increase in hospital deliveries during the 4-year follow-up period in the programme area was 29.3 percentage points (95% CI: 16.1 to 42.6; P < 0.001) greater than the change in the control area (intention-to-treat impact), corresponding to a relative increase in hospital deliveries of 62%. Women who did not enroll in health insurance but who could make use of the upgraded care delivered significantly more often in a hospital during the follow-up period than women living in the control area (P = 0.04). Conclusions: Voluntary health insurance combined with quality healthcare services is highly effective in increasing hospital deliveries in rural Nigeria, by improving access to healthcare for insured and uninsured women in the programme area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniëlla Brals
- Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sunday A Aderibigbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Ferdinand W Wit
- Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes C M van Ophem
- Faculty of Economics and Business, Section Quantitative Economics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marijn van der List
- Department of Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for International Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gordon K Osagbemi
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Marleen E Hendriks
- Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanimola M Akande
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Michael Boele van Hensbroek
- Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Global Child Health Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Constance Schultsz
- Academic Medical Center, Department of Global Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Anígilájé EA, Aderibigbe SA, Adeoti AO, Nweke NO. Tuberculosis, before and after Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV-Infected Children in Nigeria: What Are the Risk Factors? PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156177. [PMID: 27232185 PMCID: PMC4883775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Nigeria, there is a dearth of pediatric data on the risk factors associated with tuberculosis (TB), before and after antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODOLOGY A retrospective observational cohort study, between October 2010 and December 2013, at the Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Nigeria. TB was noted among children less than 15 years of age at ART enrolment (prevalent TB-PrevTB), within 6 months (early incident tuberculosis-EITB) and after 6 months (late incident tuberculosis-LITB) of a 12-month follow-up on ART. Potential risk factors for PrevTB and incident TB were assessed using the multivariate logistic and Cox regression models respectively. RESULTS Among 368 HIV-1 infected children, PrevTB was diagnosed in 73 children (19.8%). Twenty-eight EITB cases were diagnosed among 278 children over 132 person-years (py) with an EITB rate of 21.2/100 py. Twelve LITB cases were seen among 224 children over 221.9 py with a LITB rate of 5.4/100 py. A significant reduction in the incidence rates of TB was found over time (75%, p˂ 0.001). Young age of children (12-35 months, aOR; 24, 95% CI; 4.1-146.6, p ˂ 0.001; 36-59 months, aOR;21, 95%CI;4.0-114.3, p ˂ 0.001); history of TB in children (aOR; 29, 95% CI; 7.3-119.4, P˂ 0.001); severe immunosuppression (aOR;38, 95% CI;12-123.2,p ˂ 0.001); oropharyngeal candidiasis (aOR;3.3, 95% CI; 1.4-8.0, p = 0.009) and sepsis (aOR; 3.2, 95% CI;1.0-9.6, p = 0.043) increased the risk of PrevTB. Urban residency was protective against EITB (aHR; 0.1, 95% CI; 0.0-0.4, p = 0.001). Virological failure (aHR; 4.7, 95% CI; 1.3-16.5, p ˂ 0.001) and sepsis (aHR; 26, 95% CI; 5.3-131.9, p ˂ 0.001) increased the risk of LITB. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort of HIV-infected children, a significant reduction in cases of incident TB was seen following a 12-month use of ART. After ART initiation, TB screening should be optimized among children of rural residency, children with sepsis, and those with poor virological response to ART.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunday A. Aderibigbe
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Adekunle O. Adeoti
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Nnamdi O. Nweke
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
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Abstract
Objectives: To determine the correlation between prostate volume estimated by digital rectal examination (DRE) and that estimated by abdominal ultrasound in the same patients. Patients and Methods: Men who presented to our urology outpatient clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms were recruited in this study. We estimated the prostate size by digital rectal examination using the sliding scale as a guide and subsequently measured the prostate volume by transabdominal ultrasound. Results: A total of 100 patients completed this study. The mean age was 65.6 ± 9.84 years. The Kappa's reliability test comparing the prostate size estimated by DRE and the prostate size measured by transabdominal ultrasound was 0.579832, the Kappa's standard error was 0.097768 and Kappa's t value was 5.93. The Kappa's reliability test fell into good agreement range (0.4–0.75). This is further validated by the Pearson's correlation test ascertaining correlation between Ultrasound and DRE and generated a correlation coefficient® of 0.59 (P = 0.00). This implies a high positive correlation between ultrasound estimated prostate volume and that estimated by DRE that is statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Estimation of prostate volume by digital rectal examination is reliable. This is very important in an environment where esoteric laboratory facilities are not readily available, and the clinician has to depend mainly on his clinical acumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Udeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - N K Dakum
- Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
| | - S A Aderibigbe
- Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - J A Edeh
- Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria
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Anígilájé EA, Dabit OJ, Olutola A, Ageda B, Aderibigbe SA. HIV-free survival according to the early infant-feeding practices; a retrospective study in an anti-retroviral therapy programme in Makurdi, Nigeria. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:132. [PMID: 25888418 PMCID: PMC4375932 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-0871-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Nigeria, reports of the outcomes of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) interventions had been limited to the MTCT rates of HIV, with no information on HIV-free survival (HFS) in the HIV-exposed infants over time. Methods A retrospective study between June 2008 and December 2011 at the Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Nigeria comparing HFS rates at 3 and 18 months according to the infant feeding pattern at the 6th week of life. HFS was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and association of maternal and infant variables and risk of HIV acquisition or death was tested in a Cox regression analysis. Results 801 HIV uninfected infants at 6 weeks of life were studied in accordance with their reported cumulative feeding pattern. This includes 196 infants on exclusive breast feeding (EBF); 544 on exclusive breast milk substitute (EBMS) feeding and 61 on mixed feeding (MF). The overall HFS was 94.4% at 3 months and this declined significantly to 87.1% at the 18 months of age (p-value = 0.000). The infants on MF had the lowest HFS rates of 75.7% at 3 months and 69.8% at 18 months. The HFS rate for infants on EBF was 97.4% at 3 months and 92.5% at 18 month whilst infants on EBMS had HFS of 99.1% at 3 months and 86.2% at 18 months. A higher and significant drop off in HFS at the two time points occurred between infants on EBMS (12.9%) compared to infants on EBF (4.9%), p-value of 0.002, but not between infants on MF (5.9%) and EBMS, p-value of 0.114 and those on MF and EBF, p-value of 0.758. In Cox regression multivariate analyses; MF, gestational age of ˂ 37 weeks, and a high pre-delivery maternal viral load were consistently associated with HIV infection or death at 3 months and 18 months (p ˂0.05). Conclusion For a better HFS in our setting; MF must be avoided, efforts to deliver babies at term in mothers with reduced viral load are advocated and EBF must be promoted as the safest and the most feasible mode of infant-feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A Anígilájé
- Department of Paediatrics, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
| | - Othniel J Dabit
- Department of Paediatrics, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
| | - Ayodotun Olutola
- Centre for Clinical Care and Clinical Research, 29 Mambilla Street, Off Aso Drive, Maitama, Abuja, Nigeria.
| | - Bem Ageda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
| | - Sunday A Aderibigbe
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
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Olawumi HO, Fadeyi A, Babatunde SK, Akanbi AA, Babatunde AS, Sani MA, Aderibigbe SA. Malaria Parasitaemia among Blood Donors in Ilorin, Nigeria. Afr J Infect Dis 2015; 9:10-3. [PMID: 25722845 PMCID: PMC4325353 DOI: 10.4314/ajid.v9i1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of malaria parasitaemia among blood donors in Ilorin has not been documented. In this study, we determined the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia among blood donors in Ilorin, as well as, the sociodemographic and other factors associated with it. METHOD This was a hospital-based cross sectional study involving 308 consenting blood donors. The sociodemographic characteristics of participants as well as blood donation history were obtained using structured questionnaires specifically designed for this purpose. Giemsastained thick and thin blood films to identify malaria parasites were performed using standard method. ABO blood grouping and haemoglobin electrophoresis tests were also done using standard methods. RESULTS The prevalence of malaria parasitaemia among blood donors in Ilorin was 27.3%. The parasite species found were more of Plasmodium falciparum(85.7%) than Plasmodium malariae(14.3%) . There was no age or sex difference in malaria parasitaemia. (p-value of 0.8 and 0.32 respectively). A greater proportion of blood group O individuals had malaria parasitaemia than groups A and B but this difference was not significant (p-value = 0.13). There was also no significant difference among haemoglobin genotypes. CONCLUSION The prevalence of malaria parasites among blood donors in Ilorin is considerably high and lack of routine screening of blood puts recipients at risk. We recommend that routine screening for malaria parasites be commenced in our blood banks. Treatment of donor blood with riboflavin and UV light to inactivate malaria parasites and other infectious pathogens before they are transfused to patients may also be considered in our blood banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah O Olawumi
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Fadeyi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Shola K Babatunde
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Kwara State University, Malate
| | - Aliu A Akanbi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Abiola S Babatunde
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Musa A Sani
- Department of Haematology, Sobi Specialist Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Sunday A Aderibigbe
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Afolabi JK, Fadeyi A, Desalu OO, Durotoye IA, Fawibe AE, Adeboye MAN, Olawumi HO, Babatunde AS, Ernest SK, Aderibigbe SA, Saadu R, Salami AK, Aboyeji AP. Normal CD4 Count Range among Healthy Nigerian Population in Ilorin. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2014; 16:359-365. [PMID: 24842948 DOI: 10.1177/2325957414530472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the establishment and monitoring of the immune status, CD4 count is critical. OBJECTIVES To determine the CD4 count range of apparently healthy Nigerians resident in Ilorin and compare with the national value. METHODS An automated blood analyzer was used to determine the full blood count and CD4 count. The percentage of CD4 count was derived by using other variables. RESULTS Of the 1205 participants, the reference CD4 count (percentage of CD4) range for adult was 400 to 1288 cells/mm3 (19%-48%) and for children was 582 to 3652 cells/mm3 (17%-50%). CD4 count and percentage of CD4 were significantly ( P = .001) higher in females than in males, and the CD4 count declined significantly with increasing age ( r = -.174, P ≤ .0001). The percentage of CD4 count shows less variation with age ( r = -.051, P = .076). Adult residents of Ilorin had significantly lower absolute mean CD4 count (808 ± 260) than that of the national reference values of 847.0 ± 307.0 cells/mm3 ( P = .001). CONCLUSION We therefore advocate the use of CD4 count range derived in this study is lower than that of the national reference values.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Afolabi
- 1 Peadiatric Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A Fadeyi
- 2 Medical Microbiology & Parasitology Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O O Desalu
- 3 Medicine Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - I A Durotoye
- 4 Haematology Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A E Fawibe
- 3 Medicine Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - M A N Adeboye
- 1 Peadiatric Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - H O Olawumi
- 4 Haematology Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A S Babatunde
- 4 Haematology Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - S K Ernest
- 1 Peadiatric Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - S A Aderibigbe
- 5 Community Health Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - R Saadu
- 6 Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A K Salami
- 3 Medicine Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A P Aboyeji
- 6 Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Bolaji BO, Oyedepo OO, Saidu R, Olawumi HO, Aderibigbe SA, Fawole AA, Aboyeji AP, Balogun OR, Jimoh AA, Adebisi SA. Coagulation profile in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in Ilorin, Nigeria: implications for anaesthetic management in operative obstetrics. West Afr J Med 2014; 33:115-120. [PMID: 25236827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe preeclampsia and eclampsia are associated with coagulopathy which may be a contraindication to central neural axial blockade for caesarean section. Many investigations of bleeding tendencies are not done in our environment because of logistic reasons and emergency presentations of these patients.The study was designed to determine the coagulation profile of severe preeclamptic and eclamptic women in labour and possibly arrive at affordable and readily available investigation(s) that can be used in excluding bleeding tendencies in these patients. STUDY DESIGN In a prospective study, 50 severely preeclamptic/eclamptic patients in labour and, 50 parturients with normal pregnancies, and, in labour were recruited. Full blood count including platelet count, prothrombin time (PT) using the International Normalized Ratio (INR) and partial thromboplastin time with kaolin (PTTK) were done in all the patients. RESULTS Mean platelet count was significantly lower in study patients than in controls, 158.1 × 10(9)/l versus 216.9 × 10(9)/l, p = 0.0001. Mean INR and PTTK were within the reference values for the reagents used but mean INR was significantly greater in cases than in controls, 1.06 ± 0.01 versus 0.92 ± 0.01 (p = 0.001) while PTTK was also significantly longer in cases than in controls, 38.4 ± 0.21 versus 34.3 ± 0.44 seconds (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION As platelet count can be readily obtained and it is affordable in our environment, it can be used in assessing bleeding tendencies in these patients for their effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- B O Bolaji
- Department of Anaesthesia, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Oyelade BO, Olaolorun AD, Odeigah LO, Amole IO, Aderibigbe SA. The relationship between obesity and peripheral arterial disease in adult Nigerian diabetics. Niger Postgrad Med J 2014; 21:57-60. [PMID: 24887253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim was to identify any relationship between obesity and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in diabetic subjects. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Male and female diabetic subjects aged 50-89 years. Body mass index (BMI) was used to estimate total body weight and the waist-to- hip ratio (WHR) as well as waist circumference (WC) were used for abdominal fat distribution estimation. Peripheral arterial disease was defined by an ankle brachial index <0.9. RESULTS Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) was observed in 52.5% of the subjects. BMI, WHR and WC did not correlate with PAD. CONCLUSION None of the parameters (i.e BMI, WHR and WC) used to assess the relationship between obesity and PAD was found to correlate with PAD.
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Shittu RO, Alabi MK, Odeigah LO, Sanni MA, Issa BA, Olanrewaju AT, Sule AG, Aderibigbe SA. Suicidal Ideation among Depressed People Living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria, West Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ojmp.2014.33027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Shittu RO, Issa BA, Olanrewaju GT, Mahmoud AO, Aderibigbe SA, Odeigah LO. A Comparison of Clinical Features of Depressed and Non-Depressed People Living with HIV/AIDS, in Nigeria, West Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ojmp.2014.31008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Olokoba AB, Salawu FK, Danburam A, Aderibigbe SA. Spectrum of endoscopic findings in Nigerians with dyspepsia. Nig Q J Hosp Med 2012; 22:58-61. [PMID: 23175882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyspepsia is a common gastrointestinal disorder originating from the gastroduodenal region, and is the most common indication for upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy. There are differing information on the commonest endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia from Nigeria. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a hospital-based prospective study carried out at the Endoscopy Unit of Federal Medical Centre, Yola from November, 2006 to May, 2010. Patients with clinical features of dyspepsia who underwent upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy as part of their workup were recruited. Their biodata, history and duration of dyspepsia were noted on a proforma. The spectrum of endoscopic findings was also noted. RESULTS A total of 259 patients with dyspepsia had upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy. Ninety-nine (38.2%) were males while 160 (61.8%) were females, giving a male to female ratio of 1:1.6. Clinically significant endoscopic findings were seen in 241 (93.1%) patients while gastroduodenitis was the commonest finding. One hundred and two (39.4%) patients had two endoscopic findings, and 7 (2.7%) had three findings. CONCLUSION Majority of patients with dyspepsia had clinically significant endoscopic findings. Gastroduodenitis was the commonest endoscopic finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Olokoba
- Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.
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Musa OI, Aderibigbe SA, Salaudeen GA, Oluwole FA, Samuel SO. Community awareness of bird flu and the practice of backyard poultry in a North-Central state of Nigeria. J Prev Med Hyg 2010; 51:146-151. [PMID: 21553559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The practice of backyard poultry is a very common practice in many homes in Nigeria. Birds raised at home are usually free ranged, which increases close contact between man and birds, thus increasing the risk of transmission of avian influenza virus to man. This study investigated the awareness of bird flu infection and identifies risk factors associated with the practice of backyard/free ranged poultry among the residents of a state in Northern Nigeria. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out in Kwara State using 130 wards selected through cluster sampling technique. Households in each ward were sampled through systematic random sampling technique using the primary health care house numbering register. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to generate relevant information through interview and 650 participants consented and were used for the study. RESULTS Most of the respondents 604 (92.9%) kept birds in their homes and one-third 204 (33.8%) of this group knew that infection from birds can be transmitted to man. However, less than a third 186 (30.8%) of those who keep birds were aware of avian influenza (AI) infection. Out of the 186 respondents, 78 (41.9%) had experienced massive bird deaths in the preceding year prior to the interview. Less than half 81 (43.5%) were willing to report AI or massive deaths occurring in flocks of their birds to designated officers /authority. During outbreaks with massive deaths in birds some of the respondents sold infected live birds 45 (57. 7%), few slaughtered and dressed the birds before sale 11 (14.1%), while some slaughtered and consumed the birds in their families 19 (24.4%). CONCLUSION The practice of backyard poultry is very high with little knowledge and awareness of mechanism and risk of infection associated with it. This was also reflected in their attitude towards reporting of outbreaks in birds. Public awareness campaign and home visit by environmental and veterinary officers are important strategies that can prevent AI infection transmission among domestic birds and man.
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Affiliation(s)
- O I Musa
- Dept. of Epidemiology & Community Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin Nigeria.
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Abodunrin OL, Akande TM, Musa IO, Aderibigbe SA. Determinants of referral practices of clients by traditional birth attendants in Ilorin, Nigeria. Afr J Reprod Health 2010; 14:77-84. [PMID: 21243921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A sizeable number of deliveries still take place with the assistance of Traditional Birth Attendants in Nigeria. This study aims to determine the factors that determine the referral practices of the TBAs in Ilorin of high risk and complicated pregnancies. This descriptive study was conducted among all the 162 registered TBAs in Ilorin that were traceable using pre-tested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. About 90%, whose source of skill acquisition was by inheritance did not refer their clients appropriately compared with 48% of those whose source of skill acquisition was through formal training (p<0.05). The more the numbers of trainings, the more appropriate the referral (p<0.05). Having supervisory visit by qualified personnel is associated with appropriate referral practices (p<0.05). Regular training and re-training of TBAs with routine monitoring and supportive supervision will promote prompt referral of high risk and complicated pregnancies and deliveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- O L Abodunrin
- Community Medicine Department, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo.
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Akande TM, Aderibigbe SA. Influence of drug promotion on prescribing habits of doctors in a teaching hospital. Afr J Med Med Sci 2007; 36:207-211. [PMID: 18390058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital to examine the influence of drug promotion by drug companies on the prescription habits of doctors in the hospital. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect information from 137 doctors selected across all the clinical and laboratory departments using proportionate sampling. Majority (89.0%) of the doctors had attended drug promotion forum and were exposed to 64 different branded drugs within 6 months to this study. Fifty percent of the doctors had prescribed promoted drugs for the first time within 6 months to this study and over two-thirds agreed that drug promotion materials served as incentives to prescribe promoted drugs in preference to their alternatives. More than two-thirds of the doctors did not prescribe in generic names, thus making them susceptible to prescribing promoted branded drugs. Drug promotion by drug companies influence prescription habits of doctors in this teaching hospital. This finding though beneficial to the drug companies may not necessarily be cost-effective and to the benefit of the patients. Further studies and attention on this issue in developing countries is necessary with the ultimate aim of protecting the interest of patients in the face of rising cost of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Akande
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.
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