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Fister S, Mester P, Witte AK, Sommer J, Schoder D, Rossmanith P. Part of the problem or the solution? Indiscriminate use of bacteriophages in the food industry can reduce their potential and impair growth-based detection methods. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sommer J, Trautner C, Witte AK, Fister S, Schoder D, Rossmanith P, Mester PJ. Don't Shut the Stable Door after the Phage Has Bolted-The Importance of Bacteriophage Inactivation in Food Environments. Viruses 2019; 11:E468. [PMID: 31121941 PMCID: PMC6563225 DOI: 10.3390/v11050468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a new potential measure against foodborne pathogenic bacteria was rediscovered-bacteriophages. However, despite all their advantages, in connection to their widespread application in the food industry, negative consequences such as an uncontrolled phage spread as well as a development of phage resistant bacteria can occur. These problems are mostly a result of long-term persistence of phages in the food production environment. As this topic has been neglected so far, this article reviews the current knowledge regarding the effectiveness of disinfectant strategies for phage inactivation and removal. For this purpose, the main commercial phage products, as well as their application fields are first discussed in terms of applicable inactivation strategies and legal regulations. Secondly, an overview of the effectiveness of disinfectants for bacteriophage inactivation in general and commercial phages in particular is given. Finally, this review outlines a possible strategy for users of commercial phage products in order to improve the effectiveness of phage inactivation and removal after application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sommer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department for Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christoph Trautner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department for Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Anna Kristina Witte
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department for Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
- HTK Hygiene Technologie Kompetenzzentrum GmbH, Buger Str. 80, 96049 Bamberg, Germany.
| | - Susanne Fister
- Former member of Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animal and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Dagmar Schoder
- Unit of Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, Department for Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department for Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
- Unit of Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, Department for Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Patrick-Julian Mester
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department for Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
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Witte AK, Sickha R, Mester P, Fister S, Schoder D, Rossmanith P. Essential role of polymerases for assay performance - Impact of polymerase replacement in a well-established assay. Biomol Detect Quantif 2018; 16:12-20. [PMID: 30560063 PMCID: PMC6287537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bdq.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is one of the most commonly molecular methods used today. It is central to numerous assays that have since been developed and described around its optimization. The Listeria monocytogenes prfA qPCR assay has been studied in great detail and due to its comprehensive knowledge, excellent performance (sensitivity of one single copy), and internal amplification control, it represents a suitable test platform for qPCR examinations. In this study, we compared ten different polymerases (or ready-to-use mastermixes) as possible (economic) alternatives to our gold standard Platinum Taq polymerase. We sought to determine the reproducibility of these assays under modified conditions, which are realistic because published assays are frequently used with substituted polymerases. Surprisingly, there was no amplification at all with some of the tested polymerases, even although the internal amplification control worked well. Since adaptation of the thermal profile and of MgCl2 concentration could restore amplification, simple replacement of the polymerase can destroy a well-established assay leading up to >106-fold less analytical sensitivity. Further, validation using Poisson and PCR-Stop analyses revealed limits to some assay-polymerase combinations and emphasize the importance of validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kristina Witte
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Sickha
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Mester
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Schoder
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
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Robben C, Fister S, Witte AK, Schoder D, Rossmanith P, Mester P. Induction of the viable but non-culturable state in bacterial pathogens by household cleaners and inorganic salts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15132. [PMID: 30310128 PMCID: PMC6181970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective monitoring of microbial pathogens is essential for a successful preventive food safety and hygiene strategy. However, as most monitoring strategies are growth-based, these tests fail to detect pathogenic bacteria that have entered the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. The present study reports the induction of the VBNC state in five human pathogens by commercially available household cleaners in combination with inorganic salts. We determined that non-ionic surfactants, a common ingredient in household cleaners, can induce the VBNC state, when combined with salts. A screening study with 630 surfactant/salt combinations indicates a correlation between the hydrophobicity of the surfactant and VBNC induction in L. monocytogenes, E. coli, S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, S. aureus and toxin-producing enteropathogenic E. coli. Cells that were exposed to combinations of surfactants and salts for 5 min and up to 1 h lost their culturability on standard growth media while retaining their ATP production, fermentation of sugars and membrane integrity, which suggests intact and active metabolism. Screening also revealed major differences between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria; the latter being more susceptible to VBNC induction. Combinations of such detergents and salts are found in many different environments and reflect realistic conditions in industrial and domestic surroundings. VBNC cells present in industrial environments, food-processing plants and even our daily routine represent a serious health risk due to possible resuscitation, unknown spreading, production of toxins and especially their invisibility to routine detection methods, which rely on culturability of cells and fail to detect VBNC pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Robben
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Kristina Witte
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Schoder
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Mester
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Farm Animal and Public Health in Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
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Witte AK, Mester P, Fister S, Süß B, Wagner M, Rossmanith P. PCR-Stop analysis as a new tool for qPCR assay validation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8275. [PMID: 29844518 PMCID: PMC5974342 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressively more qPCR assays have been developed in recent years in numerous fields of application. These assays are routinely validated using calibration curves, but essential validation per se such as Poisson analysis is frequently neglected. However, validation is crucial for determination of resolution and quantitative and qualitative limits. The new test method PCR-Stop analysis presented in this work investigates assay performance during initial qPCR cycles. PCRs with one to five pre-runs are performed while the subsequent main qPCR runs reflect pre-run replication rates. Ideally, DNA doubles according to pre-runs, there is no variation between replicates and qPCR starts immediately at the first cycle with its average efficiency. This study shows two exemplary qPCR assays, both with suitable calibration curves and efficiencies. We demonstrated thereby the benefits of PCR-Stop analysis revealing quantitative and qualitative resolution of both assays, the limits of one of those assays and thus avoiding misinterpretations in qPCR analysis. Furthermore, data displayed that a well performing assay starts indeed with its average efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kristina Witte
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Mester
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Beate Süß
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria. .,Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
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Witte AK, Leeb C, Pinior B, Mester P, Fister S, Bobal M, Schoder D, Rossmanith P. Influence of sampling and DNA extraction on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing - Comparison of the bacterial community between two food processing plants. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mester P, Witte AK, Robben C, Streit E, Fister S, Schoder D, Rossmanith P. Optimization and evaluation of the qPCR-based pooling strategy DEP-pooling in dairy production for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Fister S, Mester P, Sommer J, Witte AK, Kalb R, Wagner M, Rossmanith P. Virucidal Influence of Ionic Liquids on Phages P100 and MS2. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1608. [PMID: 28883814 PMCID: PMC5573800 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of publications describe the potential of ionic liquids (ILs) as novel antimicrobials, antibacterial coatings and even as active pharmaceutical ingredients. Nevertheless, a major research area, notably their impact on viruses, has so far been neglected. Consequently the aim of this study was to examine the effects of ILs on the infectivity of viruses. A systematic analysis to investigate the effects of defined structural elements of ILs on virus activity was performed using 55 ILs. All structure activity relationships (SARs) were tested on the human norovirus surrogate phage MS2 and phage P100 representing non-enveloped DNA viruses. Results demonstrate that IL SAR conclusions, established for prokaryotes and eukaryotes, are not readily applicable to the examined phages. A virus-type-dependent IL influence was also apparent. Overall, four ILs, covering different structural elements, were found to reduce phage P100 infectivity by ≥4 log10 units, indicating a virucidal effect, whereas the highest reduction for phage MS2 was about 3 log10 units. Results indicate that future applications of ILs as virucidal agents will require development of novel SARs and the obtained results serve as a good starting point for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Mester
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria
| | - Julia Sommer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria
| | - Anna K Witte
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria
| | - Roland Kalb
- Proionic Production of Ionic Substances GmbHGrambach, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria.,Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria
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Thannesberger J, Hellinger HJ, Klymiuk I, Kastner MT, Rieder FJJ, Schneider M, Fister S, Lion T, Kosulin K, Laengle J, Bergmann M, Rattei T, Steininger C. Viruses comprise an extensive pool of mobile genetic elements in eukaryote cell cultures and human clinical samples. FASEB J 2017; 31:1987-2000. [PMID: 28179422 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601168r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Viruses shape a diversity of ecosystems by modulating their microbial, eukaryotic, or plant host metabolism. The complexity of virus-host interaction networks is progressively fathomed by novel metagenomic approaches. By using a novel metagenomic method, we explored the virome in mammalian cell cultures and clinical samples to identify an extensive pool of mobile genetic elements in all of these ecosystems. Despite aseptic treatment, cell cultures harbored extensive and diverse phage populations with a high abundance of as yet unknown and uncharacterized viruses (viral dark matter). Unknown phages also predominated in the oropharynx and urine of healthy individuals and patients infected with cytomegalovirus despite demonstration of active cytomegalovirus replication. The novelty of viral sequences correlated primarily with the individual evaluated, whereas relative abundance of encoded protein functions was associated with the ecologic niches probed. Together, these observations demonstrate the extensive presence of viral dark matter in human and artificial ecosystems.-Thannesberger, J., Hellinger, H.-J., Klymiuk, I., Kastner, M.-T., Rieder, F. J. J., Schneider, M., Fister, S., Lion, T., Kosulin, K., Laengle, J., Bergmann, M., Rattei, T., Steininger, C. Viruses comprise an extensive pool of mobile genetic elements in eukaryote cell cultures and human clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Thannesberger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Joerg Hellinger
- CUBE-Division of Computational Systems Biology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingeborg Klymiuk
- Center for Medical Research, Core Facility Molecular Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marie-Theres Kastner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz J J Rieder
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Schneider
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Lion
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Kosulin
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Laengle
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bergmann
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rattei
- CUBE-Division of Computational Systems Biology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Steininger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;
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Fuchs-Telka S, Fister S, Mester PJ, Wagner M, Rossmanith P. Hydrophobic ionic liquids for quantitative bacterial cell lysis with subsequent DNA quantification. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:1503-1511. [PMID: 28004172 PMCID: PMC5333376 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
DNA is one of the most frequently analyzed molecules in the life sciences. In this article we describe a simple and fast protocol for quantitative DNA isolation from bacteria based on hydrophobic ionic liquid supported cell lysis at elevated temperatures (120-150 °C) for subsequent PCR-based analysis. From a set of five hydrophobic ionic liquids, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide was identified as the most suitable for quantitative cell lysis and DNA extraction because of limited quantitative PCR inhibition by the aqueous eluate as well as no detectable DNA uptake. The newly developed method was able to efficiently lyse Gram-negative bacterial cells, whereas Gram-positive cells were protected by their thick cell wall. The performance of the final protocol resulted in quantitative DNA extraction efficiencies for Gram-negative bacteria similar to those obtained with a commercial kit, whereas the number of handling steps, and especially the time required, was dramatically reduced. Graphical Abstract After careful evaluation of five hydrophobic ionic liquids, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([BMPyr + ][Ntf 2- ]) was identified as the most suitable ionic liquid for quantitative cell lysis and DNA extraction. When used for Gram-negative bacteria, the protocol presented is simple and very fast and achieves DNA extraction efficiencies similar to those obtained with a commercial kit. ddH 2 O double-distilled water, qPCR quantitative PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Fuchs-Telka
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick-Julian Mester
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology, and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology, and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
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Witte AK, Mester P, Fister S, Witte M, Schoder D, Rossmanith P. A Systematic Investigation of Parameters Influencing Droplet Rain in the Listeria monocytogenes prfA Assay - Reduction of Ambiguous Results in ddPCR. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168179. [PMID: 27992475 PMCID: PMC5167268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) determines DNA amounts based upon the pattern of positive and negative droplets, according to Poisson distribution, without the use of external standards. However, division into positive and negative droplets is often not clear because a part of the droplets has intermediate fluorescence values, appearing as “rain” in the plot. Despite the droplet rain, absolute quantification with ddPCR is possible, as shown previously for the prfA assay in quantifying Listeria monocytogenes. Nevertheless, reducing the rain, and thus ambiguous results, promotes the accuracy and credibility of ddPCR. In this study, we extensively investigated chemical and physical parameters for optimizing the prfA assay for ddPCR. While differences in the concentration of all chemicals and the dye, quencher and supplier of the probe did not alter the droplet pattern, changes in the PCR cycling program, such as prolonged times and increased cycle numbers, improved the assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kristina Witte
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Mester
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Witte
- Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Schoder
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Fister S, Robben C, Witte AK, Schoder D, Wagner M, Rossmanith P. Influence of Environmental Factors on Phage-Bacteria Interaction and on the Efficacy and Infectivity of Phage P100. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1152. [PMID: 27516757 PMCID: PMC4964841 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When using bacteriophages to control food-borne bacteria in food production plants and processed food, it is crucial to consider that environmental conditions influence their stability. These conditions can also affect the physiological state of bacteria and consequently host–virus interaction and the effectiveness of the phage ability to reduce bacteria numbers. In this study we investigated the stability, binding, and replication capability of phage P100 and its efficacy to control Listeria monocytogenes under conditions typically encountered in dairy plants. The influences of SDS, Lutensol AO 7, salt, smear water, and different temperatures were investigated. Results indicate that phage P100 is stable and able to bind to the host under most conditions tested. Replication was dependent upon the growth of L. monocytogenes and efficacy was higher when bacterial growth was reduced by certain environmental conditions. In long-term experiments at different temperatures phages were initially able to reduce bacteria up to seven log10 units after 2 weeks at 4°C. However, thereafter, re-growth and development of phage-resistant L. monocytogenes isolates were encountered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Robben
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna K Witte
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Schoder
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria; Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria; Institute for Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Public Veterinary Health, University of Veterinary MedicineVienna, Austria
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Gründker C, Peick D, Fister S, Emons G. Kombinationstherapie mit einem GnRH-II Antagonisten und 4OH-Tamoxifen zur Behandlung humaner Mammakarzinomzellen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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14
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Block M, Fister S, Gründker C, Emons G, Günthert A. Mechanismen GnRH-induzierter Resensibilisierung von Mammakarzinomzel-len mit sekundärer Antiöstrogenresistenz. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1089132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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15
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Gründker C, Fister S, Emons G. GnRH-Rezeptor-vermittelte Tumortherapie. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-989403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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16
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Fister S, Günthert A, Emons G, Gründker C. Antagonisten des Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormons Typ II induzieren Apoptose durch die Aktivierung der stress-induzierten MAPK p38 in gynäkologischen Karzinomen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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17
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Block M, Fister S, Gründker C, Emons G, Günthert AR. GnRH-induzierte Resensibilisierung von Mammakarzinomzellen mit sekundärer Antiöstrogenresistenz und Analyse der zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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18
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Fister S, Schlotawa L, Günthert A, Emons G, Gründker C. Erhöhung der Doxorubicin-induzierten Apoptose nach Knock down der GnRH-I Rezeptor Expression in humanen Endometrium-, Ovarial- und Mammakarzinomzellen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Fister S, Günthert A, Emons G, Gründker C. Antagonistic analogs of gonadotropin-releasing hormone type II (GnRH-II) induce apoptotic cell death in human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-972205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Block M, Fister S, Gründker C, Emons G, Günthert AR. Mechanisms of GnRH-induced resensitizing of breast cancer cells with secondary anti-estrogen resistance. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-972479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Fister S, Gründker C, Emons G, Günthert A. GnRH Analoga hemmen die Aktivierung von AKT in Mammakarzinomzellen mit sekundärer Tamoxifen-Resistenz. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-952817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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22
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Fister S, Günthert A, Rivier J, Emons G, Gründker C. Wirkung von Antagonisten des Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormons Typ II (GnRH-II) auf das Wachstum humaner Ovarialkarzinome in vitro und in vivo. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-952816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Schlomann P, Fister S. Parental perspectives related to decision-making and neonatal death. Pediatr Nurs 1995; 21:243-7, 254. [PMID: 7792106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of many new technologies, decision-making about the care of critically ill neonates represents one of the primary ethical arenas in health care today. Professionals and parents are forced to make decisions about when, how, and if critically ill neonates die. This qualitative study, based on interviews with a very small, convenience sample of parents, begins to explore the parental perspective about ethical decision-making regarding critically ill neonates by describing their personal experiences as they faced the reality or possibility of their babies' deaths.
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Fister S, Schlomann P. The role of the perinatal nurse in open adoption. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 1995; 20:9-12. [PMID: 8756063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Fister
- Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, USA
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