1
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Sousa A, Borøy V, Bæverud A, Julin K, Bayer A, Strøm M, Johannessen M, Škalko-Basnet N, Obuobi S. Polymyxin B stabilized DNA micelles for sustained antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7972-7985. [PMID: 37505112 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00704a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based materials showcase an increasing potential for antimicrobial drug delivery. Although numerous reports on drug-loaded DNA nanoparticles outline their pivotal antibacterial activities, their potential as drug delivery systems against bacterial biofilms awaits further studies. Among different oligonucleotide structures, micellar nanocarriers derived from amphiphilic DNA strands are of particular interest due to their spontaneous self-assembly and high biocompatibility. However, their clinical use is hampered by structural instability upon cation depletion. In this work, we used a cationic amphiphilic antibiotic (polymyxin B) to stabilize DNA micelles destined to penetrate P. aeruginosa biofilms and exhibit antibacterial/antibiofilm properties. Our study highlights how the strong affinity of this antibiotic enhances the stability of the micelles and confirms that antibacterial activity of the novel micelles remains intact. Additionally, we show that PMB micelles can penetrate P. aeruginosa biofilms and impact their metabolic activity. Finally, PMB micelles were highly safe and biocompatible, highlighting their possible application against P. aeruginosa biofilm-colonized skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sousa
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Vegard Borøy
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Agnethe Bæverud
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Kjersti Julin
- Host Microbe Interaction Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Annette Bayer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsvegen 57, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Morten Strøm
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsvegen 57, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mona Johannessen
- Host Microbe Interaction Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nataša Škalko-Basnet
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Sybil Obuobi
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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2
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Sousa A, Phung AN, Škalko-Basnet N, Obuobi S. Smart delivery systems for microbial biofilm therapy: Dissecting design, drug release and toxicological features. J Control Release 2023; 354:394-416. [PMID: 36638844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are highly protected surface attached communities of bacteria that typically cause chronic infections. To address their recalcitrance to antibiotics and minimise side effects of current therapies, smart drug carriers are being explored as promising platforms for antimicrobials. Herein, we briefly summarize recent efforts and considerations that have been applied in the design of these smart carriers. We guide readers on a journey on how they can leverage the inherent biofilm microenvironment, external stimuli, or combine both types of stimuli in a predictable manner. The specific carrier features that are responsible for their 'on-demand' properties are detailed and their impact on antibiofilm property are further discussed. Moreover, an analysis on the impact of such features on drug release profiles is provided. Since nanotechnology represents a significant slice of the drug delivery pie, some insights on the potential toxicity are also depicted. We hope that this review inspires researchers to use their knowledge and creativity to design responsive systems that can eradicate biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sousa
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - A Ngoc Phung
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - N Škalko-Basnet
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - S Obuobi
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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3
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Obuobi S, Ngoc Phung A, Julin K, Johannessen M, Škalko-Basnet N. Biofilm Responsive Zwitterionic Antimicrobial Nanoparticles to Treat Cutaneous Infection. Biomacromolecules 2021; 23:303-315. [PMID: 34914360 PMCID: PMC8753600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
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To avert the poor
bioavailability of antibiotics during S. aureus biofilm
infections, a series of zwitterionic nanoparticles
containing nucleic acid nanostructures were fabricated for the delivery
of vancomycin. The nanoparticles were prepared with three main lipids:
(i) neutral (soy phosphatidylcholine; P), (ii) positively charged
ionizable (1,2-dioleyloxy-3-dimethylaminopropane; D), and (iii) anionic
(1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho((ethyl-1′,2′,3′-triazole)
triethylene glycolmannose; M) or (cholesteryl hemisuccinate; C) lipids.
The ratio of the anionic lipid was tuned between 0 and 10 mol %, and
its impact on surface charge, size, stability, toxicity, and biofilm
sensitivity was evaluated. Under biofilm mimicking conditions, the
enzyme degradability (via dynamic light scattering (DLS)), antitoxin
(via DLS and spectrophotometry), and antibiotic release profile was
assessed. Additionally, biofilm penetration, prevention (in
vitro), and eradication (ex vivo) of the
vancomycin loaded formulation was investigated. Compared with the
unmodified nanoparticles which exhibited the smallest size (188 nm),
all three surface modified formulations showed significantly larger
sizes (i.e., 222–277 nm). Under simulations of biofilm pH conditions,
the mannose modified nanoparticle (PDM 90/5/5) displayed ideal charge
reversal from a neutral (+1.69 ± 1.83 mV) to a cationic surface
potential (+17.18 ± 2.16 mV) to improve bacteria binding and
biofilm penetration. In the presence of relevant bacterial enzymes,
the carrier rapidly released the DNA nanoparticles to function as
an antitoxin against α-hemolysin. Controlled release of vancomycin
prevented biofilm attachment and significantly reduced early stage
biofilm formations within 24 h. Enhanced biocompatibility and significant ex vivo potency of the PDM 90/5/5 formulation was also observed.
Taken together, these results emphasize the benefit of these nanocarriers
as potential therapies against biofilm infections and fills the gap
for multifunctional nanocarriers that prevent biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybil Obuobi
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Anna Ngoc Phung
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Kjersti Julin
- Host Microbe Interaction research group, Department of Medical Biology, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Mona Johannessen
- Host Microbe Interaction research group, Department of Medical Biology, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Nataša Škalko-Basnet
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
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4
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Kalidasan V, Yang X, Xiong Z, Li RR, Yao H, Godaba H, Obuobi S, Singh P, Guan X, Tian X, Kurt SA, Li Z, Mukherjee D, Rajarethinam R, Chong CS, Wang JW, Ee PLR, Loke W, Tee BCK, Ouyang J, Charles CJ, Ho JS. Wirelessly operated bioelectronic sutures for the monitoring of deep surgical wounds. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:1217-1227. [PMID: 34654900 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring surgical wounds post-operatively is necessary to prevent infection, dehiscence and other complications. However, the monitoring of deep surgical sites is typically limited to indirect observations or to costly radiological investigations that often fail to detect complications before they become severe. Bioelectronic sensors could provide accurate and continuous monitoring from within the body, but the form factors of existing devices are not amenable to integration with sensitive wound tissues and to wireless data transmission. Here we show that multifilament surgical sutures functionalized with a conductive polymer and incorporating pledgets with capacitive sensors operated via radiofrequency identification can be used to monitor physicochemical states of deep surgical sites. We show in live pigs that the sutures can monitor wound integrity, gastric leakage and tissue micromotions, and in rodents that the healing outcomes are equivalent to those of medical-grade sutures. Battery-free wirelessly operated bioelectronic sutures may facilitate post-surgical monitoring in a wide range of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viveka Kalidasan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ze Xiong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Renee R Li
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haicheng Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hareesh Godaba
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sybil Obuobi
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Priti Singh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xi Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Selman A Kurt
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Devika Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ravisankar Rajarethinam
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Choon Seng Chong
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiong-Wei Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pui Lai Rachel Ee
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiqiang Loke
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin C K Tee
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianyong Ouyang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher J Charles
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John S Ho
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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5
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Obuobi S, Mayandi V, Nor NAM, Lee BJ, Lakshminarayanan R, Ee PLR. Nucleic acid peptide nanogels for the treatment of bacterial keratitis. Nanoscale 2020; 12:17411-17425. [PMID: 32794541 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03095c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cage-shaped nucleic acid nanocarriers are promising molecular scaffolds for the organization of polypeptides. However, there is an unmet need for facile loading strategies that truly emulate nature's host-guest systems to drive encapsulation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) without loss of biological activity. Herein, we develop DNA nanogels with rapid in situ loading of L12 peptide during the thermal annealing process. By leveraging the binding affinity of L12 to the polyanionic core, we successfully confine the AMPs within the DNA nanogel. We report that the thermostability of L12 in parallel with the high encapsulation efficiency, low toxicity and sustained drug release of the pre-loaded L12 nanogels can be translated into significant antimicrobial activity. Using an S. aureus model of infectious bacterial keratitis, we observe fast resolution of clinical symptoms and significant reduction of bacterial bioburden. Collectively, this study paves the way for the development of DNA nanocarriers for caging AMPs with immense significance to address the rise of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybil Obuobi
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543.
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6
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Abstract
The rapid emergence of drug resistance continues to outpace the development of new antibiotics in the treatment of infectious diseases. Conventional therapy is currently limited by drug access issues such as low intracellular drug accumulations, drug efflux by efflux pumps and/or enzymatic degradation. To improve access, targeted delivery using nanocarriers could provide the quantum leap in intracellular drug transport and retention. Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) with crucial advantages such as large surface area, ease-of-functionalization, and biocompatibility, are one of the most commonly used nanoparticles in drug delivery applications. A porous variant, called the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), also confers additional amenities such as tunable pore size and volume, leading to high drug loading capacity. In the context of bacterial infections, SiNPs and its variants can act as a powerful tool for the targeted delivery of antimicrobials, potentially reducing the impact of high drug dosage and its side effects. In this review, we will provide an overview of SiNPs synthesis, its structural proficiency which is critical in loading and conjugation of antimicrobials and its role in different antimicrobial applications with emphasis on intracellular drug targeting in anti-tuberculosis therapy, nitric oxide delivery, and metal nanocomposites. The role of SiNPs in antibiofilm coatings will also be covered in the context of nosocomial infections and surgical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanitha Selvarajan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sybil Obuobi
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pui Lai Rachel Ee
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore, Singapore
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7
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Abstract
Conventional antibiotic therapy is often challenged by poor drug penetration/accumulation at infection sites and poses a significant burden to public health. Effective strategies to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of our existing arsenal include the use of nanoparticulate delivery platforms to improve drug targeting and minimize adverse effects. However, these nanocarriers are often challenged by poor loading efficiency, rapid release and inefficient targeting. Nucleic acid hybrid nanocarriers are nucleic acid nanosystems complexed or functionalized with organic or inorganic materials. Despite their immense potential in antimicrobial therapy, they are seldom utilized against pathogenic bacteria. With the emergence of antimicrobial resistance and the associated complex interplay of factors involved in antibiotic resistance, nucleic acid hybrids represent a unique opportunity to deliver antimicrobials against resistant pathogens and to target specific genes that control virulence or resistance. This review provides an unbiased overview on fabricating strategies for nucleic acid hybrids and addresses the challenges of pristine oligonucleotide nanocarriers. We report recent applications to enhance pathogen targeting, binding and control drug release. As multifunctional next-generational antimicrobials, the challenges and prospect of these nanocarriers are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybil Obuobi
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway;
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8
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Obuobi S, Tay HKL, Tram NDT, Selvarajan V, Khara JS, Wang Y, Ee PLR. Facile and efficient encapsulation of antimicrobial peptides via crosslinked DNA nanostructures and their application in wound therapy. J Control Release 2019; 313:120-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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9
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Obuobi S, Wang Y, Khara JS, Riegger A, Kuan SL, Ee PLR. Macromol. Biosci. 10/2018. Macromol Biosci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201870025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sybil Obuobi
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543
| | - Jasmeet Singh Khara
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543
| | - Andreas Riegger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I; Ulm University; Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I; Ulm University; Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Pui Lai Rachel Ee
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543
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10
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Obuobi S, Wang Y, Khara JS, Riegger A, Kuan SL, Ee PLR. Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Surface Engineered Polycationic Albumin Nanoparticles with Reduced Hemolytic Activity. Macromol Biosci 2018; 18:e1800196. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sybil Obuobi
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543
| | - Jasmeet Singh Khara
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543
| | - Andreas Riegger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I; Ulm University; Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I; Ulm University; Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Pui Lai Rachel Ee
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543
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11
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Obuobi S, Voo ZX, Low MW, Czarny B, Selvarajan V, Ibrahim NL, Yang YY, Ee PLR. Phenylboronic Acid Functionalized Polycarbonate Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Polymyxin B in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infected Burn Wounds. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701388. [PMID: 29508561 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
While physically crosslinked polycarbonate hydrogels are effective drug delivery platforms, their hydrophobic nature and lack of side chain functionality or affinity ligands for controlled release of hydrophilic drugs underscore the importance of their chemical compositions. This study evaluates an array of anionic hydrogel systems of phenylboronic acid functionalized triblock copolymers prepared via reversible physical interactions. Variation of key chemical functionalities while maintaining similar core structural features demonstrates the influence of the substitution position and protection of the boronic acid functionality on gel viscoelasticity and mechanical strength at physiological pH. The optimum gel systems obtained from the meta-substituted copolymers (m-PAP) are stable at physiological pH and nontoxic to mammalian dermal cells. The polymyxin B loaded m-PAP hydrogels demonstrate controlled in vitro drug release kinetics and in vitro antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa over 48 h. In vivo antimicrobial efficacy of the drug loaded hydrogels further corroborates the in vitro results, demonstrating sustained antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa burn wound infections. The current strategy described in this study demonstrates a straightforward approach in designing physiologically relevant boronic acid hydrogel systems for controlled release of cationic antimicrobials for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybil Obuobi
- Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 117543 Singapore
| | - Zhi Xiang Voo
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way, the Nanos 138669 Singapore
| | - Mei W. Low
- Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 117543 Singapore
| | - Bertrand Czarny
- Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 117543 Singapore
| | - Vanitha Selvarajan
- Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 117543 Singapore
| | - Nor L. Ibrahim
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way, the Nanos 138669 Singapore
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way, the Nanos 138669 Singapore
| | - Pui Lai Rachel Ee
- Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 117543 Singapore
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12
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Obuobi S, Karatayev S, Chai CLL, Ee PLR, Mátyus P. The role of modulation of antioxidant enzyme systems in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:194-204. [PMID: 27389167 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1205047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a much-appreciated phenomenon associated with the progression of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) due to imbalances in redox homeostasis. The poor correlations between the in vitro benefits and clinical trials of direct radical scavengers have prompted research into indirect antioxidant enzymes such as Nrf2. Activation of Nrf2 leads to the upregulation of a myriad of cytoprotective and antioxidant enzymes/proteins. Traditionally, early Nrf2-activators were studied as chemoprotective agents. There is a consequential lack of clinical trials testing Nrf2 activation in NDDs. However, there is abundant evidence of their utility in pre-clinical studies. Herein, we review the endogenous Nrf2 regulatory pathway and avenues for targeting this pathway. Furthermore, we provide updated information on pre-clinical studies for natural and synthetic Nrf2 activators. On the basis of our findings, we posit that successful therapeutics for NDDs rely on the design of potent synthetic Nrf2 activators with a careful combination of other neuroprotective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybil Obuobi
- a Department of Pharmacy , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Sanzhar Karatayev
- a Department of Pharmacy , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | | | - Pui Lai Rachel Ee
- a Department of Pharmacy , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Peter Mátyus
- b Department of Organic Chemistry , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary , and.,c Bionics Innovation Center Nonprofit Ltd , Budapest , Hungary
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13
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Badhan RKS, Kaur M, Lungare S, Obuobi S. Improving brain drug targeting through exploitation of the nose-to-brain route: a physiological and pharmacokinetic perspective. Curr Drug Deliv 2015; 11:458-71. [PMID: 24655046 DOI: 10.2174/1567201811666140321113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With an ageing population and increasing prevalence of central-nervous system (CNS) disorders new approaches are required to sustain the development and successful delivery of therapeutics into the brain and CNS. CNS drug delivery is challenging due to the impermeable nature of the brain microvascular endothelial cells that form the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and which prevent the entry of a wide range of therapeutics into the brain. This review examines the role intranasal delivery may play in achieving direct brain delivery, for small molecular weight drugs, macromolecular therapeutics and cell-based therapeutics, by exploitation of the olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways. This approach is thought to deliver drugs into the brain and CNS through bypassing the BBB. Details of the mechanism of transfer of administrated therapeutics, the pathways that lead to brain deposition, with a specific focus on therapeutic pharmacokinetics, and examples of successful CNS delivery will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S Obuobi
- Aston University, Medicines Research Unit, Life and Health Sciences, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
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