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Rekart ML, Aung A, Cullip T, Mulanda W, Mun L, Pirmahmadzoda B, Kliescokova J, Achar J, Alvarez JL, Sitali N, Sinha A. Household drug-resistant TB contact tracing in Tajikistan. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:748-753. [PMID: 37749832 PMCID: PMC10519379 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tajikistan has a high burden of rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB), with 2,700 new cases estimated for 2021 (28/100,000 population). TB is spread among household members through close interaction and children exposed through household contact progress to disease rapidly and frequently.METHODS: We retrospectively analysed programmatic data from household contact tracing in Dushanbe over 50 months. We calculated person-years of follow-up, contact tracing yield, number needed to screen (NNS) and number needed to test (NNT) to find one new case, and time to diagnosis.RESULTS: We screened 6,654 household contacts of 830 RR-TB index cases; 47 new RR-TB cases were detected, 43 in Year 1 and 4 in Years 2 or 3. Ten were aged <5 years; 46/47 had TB symptoms, 34/45 had chest radiographs consistent with TB, 11/35 were Xpert Ultra-positive, 29/32 were tuberculin skin test-positive and 28/47 had positive TB culture and phenotypic drug susceptibility results. The NNS to find one RR-TB case was 141.57 and the NNT was 34.49. The yields for different types of contacts were as follows: 0.7% for screened contacts, 2.9% for tested contacts, 17.0% for symptomatic contacts and 12.1% for symptomatic contacts aged below 5 years.CONCLUSION: RR-TB household contact tracing was feasible and productive in Tajikistan, a low middle-income country with an inefficient healthcare delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Rekart
- Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - A Aung
- Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | | | - W Mulanda
- Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - L Mun
- Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | | | - J Kliescokova
- Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - J Achar
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhu X, Driewer J, Lei Y, Zheng D, Li S, Cullip T, Chang S, Zhang Q, Zhang M, Zhou S. SU-E-T-419: Fabricating Cerrobend Grids with 3D Printing for Spatially Modulated Radiation Therapy: A Feasibility Study. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Zhu X, Chang S, Cullip T, Yuan L, Lian J, Zhang X, Tang X, Tracton G, Dooley J. SU-E-T-521: Feasibility Study of a Rotational Step-And-Shoot IMRT Treatment Planning Approach. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Tang X, Cullip T, Dooley J, Potter L, Chera B, Lian J, Chang S, Zhu X. SU-E-J-236: Feasibility of Using Infrared Imaging to Verify the Accuracy of the Radiotherapy Delivery. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Tang X, Cullip T, Dooley J, Zhu X, Lian J, Lawrence M, Zagar T, Jones E, Marks L, Chang S. SU-E-J-222: An Analysis of the Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) Treatment Delivery Uncertainties. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Chang S, Lawrence M, Cullip T, Wang S, Fried D. SU-E-T-166: Clinical Impact of Minor Errors Discovered in Conventional IMRT QA On Patient Treatment. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Zhu X, Cullip T, Tracton G, Dooley J, Chang S. SU-E-T-654: Direct Aperture Optimization Using An Inverse Form of Back Projection. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Zhu X, Cullip T, Tracton G, Rosenman J, Chang S. SU-E-T-623: Utilizing a Hybrid Optimizer to Improve Dose Conformity during IMRT Planning. Med Phys 2012; 39:3849. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Fried D, Lawrence M, Khandani A, Rosenman J, Cullip T, Chera B. Is Image Registration of FDG-PET for Head and Neck Treatment Planning Necessary? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lawrence M, Wang S, Cullip T, Chang S. WE-E-BRB-02: Current IMRT QA Metrics Are Not Correlated with Clinically Relevant Dosimetric Errors in Prostate and Head Neck Treatments. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3613369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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11
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Zhu X, Cullip T, Tracton G, Schreiber E, Xu Z, Chang S. SU-E-T-859: A New Approach to Improve IMRT Delivery Efficiency by Intensity Map Discretization. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lian J, Cullip T, Zhu J, Jones E, Varia M, Tang X, Potter L, Xu Z, Deschesne K, Chang S. SU-E-T-771: Isodose Line Driven Semi-Inverse Planning of High Dose Rate Brachytherapy for Cervical Cancer. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lawrence M, Cullip T, Potter L, Lian J, Wang S, Xu Z, Deschesne K, Chang S. SU-GG-T-209: A Novel Method for Further Analysis of IMRT QA. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lawrence M, Potter L, Cullip T, Xu Z, Deschesne K, Chang S. SU-FF-T-216: Comparison of a 2D and 3D Array of Diodes for IMRT QA. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Schreiber E, Foskey M, Cullip T, Lian J. SU-FF-T-562: Interfraction Dose Variation Resulting From Anatomic Deformation in CyberKnife Prostate Radiosurgery. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lian J, Cullip T, Deschesne K, Harris S, Varia M, Chang S. Film to CT Registration to Accumulate Dose of Brachytherapy and External Beam Radiotherapy Planning for Cervical Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lian J, Cullip T, Deschesne K, Chang S. SU-GG-T-09: Dose Accumulation From Film-Based Brachytherapy Planning and CT-Based External Beam Radiotherapy Planning. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2961759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Schreiber E, Xu Z, Lorenzen A, Foskey M, Cullip T, Tracton G, Chaney E. SU-FF-T-362: PLanUNC as An Open-Source Radiotherapy Planning System for Research and Education. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2241282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lian J, Cullip T, Deschesne K, Chang S. SU-FF-T-130: Clinical Significance Based IMRT QA Approach. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2241055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Chang S, Cullip T, Schulman D, Erdi Y, Nehmeh S, Mageras G, Keall P, Joshi S. SU-EE-A3-05: Robustness of Two 4D Radiotherapy Approaches with Respect to Temporal Irregularity in Organ Motion. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.1997463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lian J, Chang S, Cullip T, Deschesne K, Schreiber E, Gardner W, Potter L, Euliss W. SU-FF-T-103: Implementation of the Tungsten-Compensator Based Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT). Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.1997774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Joshi S, Cullip T, Davis B, Chang S, Keall P, Erdi Y, Nehmeh S, Mageras G, Rosenman J. 4D IMRT optimization accommodating respiratory motion. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.06.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Chang S, Cullip T, Schulman D, Mageras G, Keall P, Joshi S. A study of interplay between dynamics of breathing motion and segmental MLC-IMRT delivery for motion-pattern-based 4D lung IMRT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.06.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Johnson H, Schreiber E, Cullip T, Rosenman J. Significant underdosing of small tumors or portions of tumor in lung cancer treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(02)03403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Das S, Halvorsen P, Cullip T, Tracton G, Chang S, Marks L, Anscher M, Rosenman J. Beam orientation selection for intensity modulated radiation therapy based on target equivalent uniform dose maximization. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(01)01960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Oliver WR, Boxwala A, Rosenman J, Cullip T, Symon J, Wagner G. Three-dimensional visualization and image processing in the evaluation of patterned injuries. The AFIP/UNC experience in the Rodney King case. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1997; 18:1-10. [PMID: 9095293 DOI: 10.1097/00000433-199703000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We used image processing to elucidate patterned injuries in a case of assault with a police baton. Three-dimensional visualization techniques were then used to correlate the location of patterned injuries with subjacent fracture and soft tissue damage. The visualization methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Oliver
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA
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Fritsch DS, Raghavan S, Boxwala A, Earnhart J, Tracton G, Cullip T, Chaney EL. Benchmark test cases for evaluation of computer-based methods for detection of setup errors: realistic digitally reconstructed electronic portal images with known setup errors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997; 37:199-204. [PMID: 9054896 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(96)00479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to develop methods and software for computing realistic digitally reconstructed electronic portal images with known setup errors for use as benchmark test cases for evaluation and intercomparison of computer-based methods for image matching and detecting setup errors in electronic portal images. METHODS AND MATERIALS An existing software tool for computing digitally reconstructed radiographs was modified to compute simulated megavoltage images. An interface was added to allow the user to specify which setup parameter(s) will contain computer-induced random and systematic errors in a reference beam created during virtual simulation. Other software features include options for adding random and structured noise, Gaussian blurring to simulate geometric unsharpness, histogram matching with a "typical" electronic portal image, specifying individual preferences for the appearance of the "gold standard" image, and specifying the number of images generated. The visible male computed tomography data set from the National Library of Medicine was used as the planning image. RESULTS Digitally reconstructed electronic portal images with known setup errors have been generated and used to evaluate our methods for automatic image matching and error detection. Any number of different sets of test cases can be generated to investigate setup errors involving selected setup parameters and anatomic volumes. This approach has proved to be invaluable for determination of error detection sensitivity under ideal (rigid body) conditions and for guiding further development of image matching and error detection methods. Example images have been successfully exported for similar use at other sites. CONCLUSIONS Because absolute truth is known, digitally reconstructed electronic portal images with known setup errors are well suited for evaluation of computer-aided image matching and error detection methods. High-quality planning images, such as the visible human CT scans from the National Library of Medicine, are essential for producing realistic images. Sets of test cases with systematic and random errors in selected setup parameters and anatomic volumes are suitable for use as standard benchmarks by the radiotherapy community. In addition to serving as an aid to research and development, benchmark images may also be useful for evaluation of commercial systems and as part of a quality assurance program for clinical systems. Test cases and software are available upon request.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Fritsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7512, USA
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Chaney EL, Thorn JS, Tracton G, Cullip T, Rosenman JG, Tepper JE. A portable software tool for computing digitally reconstructed radiographs. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1995; 32:491-7. [PMID: 7751190 DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(94)00470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a portable software tool for fast computation of digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR) with a friendly user interface and versatile image format and display options. To provide a means for interfacing with commercial and custom three-dimensional (3D) treatment planning systems. To make the tool freely available to the Radiation Oncology community. METHODS AND MATERIALS A computer program for computing DRRs was enhanced with new features and rewritten to increase computational efficiency. A graphical user interface was added to improve ease of data input and DRR display. Installer, programmer, and user manuals were written, and installation test data sets were developed. The code conforms to the specifications of the Cooperative Working Group (CWG) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Contract on Radiotherapy Treatment Planning Tools. RESULTS The interface allows the user to select DRR input data and image formats primarily by point-and-click mouse operations. Digitally reconstructed radiograph formats are predefined by configuration files that specify 19 calculation parameters. Enhancements include improved contrast resolution for visualizing surgical clips, an extended source model to stimulate the penumbra region in a computed port film, and the ability to easily modify the CT numbers of objects contoured on the planning computed tomography (CT) scans. CONCLUSIONS The DRR tool can be used with 3D planning systems that lack this functionality, or perhaps improve the quality and functionality of existing DRR software. The tool can be interfaced to 3D planning systems that run on most modern graphics workstations, and can also function as a stand-alone program.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Chaney
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7512, USA
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Oliver WR, Chancellor AS, Soltys M, Symon J, Cullip T, Rosenman J, Hellman R, Boxwala A, Gormley W. Three-dimensional reconstruction of a bullet path: validation by computed radiography. J Forensic Sci 1995; 40:321-4. [PMID: 7602300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional visualization is an important tool in the evaluation and demonstration of injury. Creating convincing graphics, however, requires strict distinction between illustrative and reconstructive visualizations and a method of validation. We present a case in which we used a radiation-planning tool to provide a 3-dimensional illustrative visualization of a contact gunshot wound to the head, and validated the result by comparing computed radiographs with radiographs taken at autopsy. We discuss the use of visualization tools for data exploration in forensic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Oliver
- Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, USA
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Chaney E, Thom J, Tracton G, Cullip T, Rosenman J, Tepper J. A portable software tool for computing digitally reconstructed radiographs. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(93)90717-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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