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Oikonomidis IL, Tsouloufi TK, Tzenetidou Z, Ceron JJ, Tvarijonaviciute A, Konstantinidis AO, Soubasis N. Diagnostic performance of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for diabetes mellitus in dogs. Vet J 2023; 294:105958. [PMID: 36804904 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2023.105958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic performance of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for canine diabetes mellitus (DM) and compare it with that of serum fructosamine. Aliquots of blood samples collected for diagnostic purposes from adult dogs were used. HbA1c was measured using a previously validated capillary electrophoresis assay. The dogs were allocated into four groups: (1) DM; (2) hyperadrenocorticism (HAC); (3) long-term corticosteroid therapy (CST); and (4) various chronic diseases (VD). In total, 88 dogs were included as follows: DM (n = 11), HAC (n = 10), CST (n = 14), and VD (n = 53). Fructosamine was measured in all four groups as follows: DM (n = 6), HAC (n = 7), CST (n = 9), and VD (n = 42). Median (range) serum glucose concentration was higher (P < 0.001) in the DM group (22.8 mmol/L; range, 15.6-29.3 mmol/L) compared to HAC (5.9 mmol/L; range, 4.2-6.8 mmol/L), CST (5.6 mmol/L; range, 4.3-23.3 mmol/L), and VD (5.5 mmol/L; range, 4.1-9.4 mmol/L) groups. Mean (± standard deviation) HbA1c was higher (P < 0.001) in the DM group (6.3% ± 1.5%) compared to HAC (1.9% ± 0.5%), CST (1.7% ± 0.5%), and VD (1.9% ± 0.5%) groups. All diabetic dogs and none of the other dogs had HbA1c levels above the cut-off value for DM (3.3%), indicating an accuracy of 100% in diagnosing DM. Significant differences (P < 0.01) were observed in median fructosamine between the DM group (389 μmol/L; range, 348-865 μmol/L) and the HAC (306 μmol/L; range, 167-348 μmol/L) and the VD (316 μmol/L; range, 189-500 μmol/L) groups. Fructosamine had an accuracy of 84.4% for the diagnosis of DM. When used for the diagnosis of canine DM, HbA1c measured with this specific assay had excellent diagnostic accuracy and was superior to serum fructosamine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Z Tzenetidou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J J Ceron
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - A Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - A O Konstantinidis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N Soubasis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Frezoulis PS, Oikonomidis IL, Saridomichelakis MN, Kasabalis D, Pappa A, Bouza-Rapti P, Chochlios T, Tsouloufi TK, Kritsepi-Konstantinou M, Soubasis N. Prevalence, association with systemic inflammatory response syndrome and outcome of stress hyperglycaemia in sick cats. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 63:197-202. [PMID: 34796970 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of stress hyperglycaemia in sick cats, and to investigate the association of stress hyperglycaemia with systemic inflammatory response syndrome and outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medical records (2004 to 2013) from sick cats admitted to the Medicine Unit of a Veterinary Teaching Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Cases were enrolled if a serum glucose measurement and a complete medical record were available. Cats that were healthy, hypoglycaemic, diabetic, sedated or had a previous administration of drugs (apart from vaccination and deworming) were excluded. RESULTS The study included 647 cats; stress hyperglycaemia (serum glucose >8.3 mmol/L) was found in 194 (30%) cats, while 453 (70%) cats were normoglycaemic. The prevalence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome was significantly higher in cats with stress hyperglycaemia (25/174, 14.4%) compared to normoglycaemic cats (26/399, 6.5%). Significantly, more cats with stress hyperglycaemia were hospitalised [97/194 (50.0%)] compared to normoglycaemic cats [171/453 (37.7%)]. However, the median duration of hospitalisation was not significantly different [4 (1 to 26) days and 4 (1 to 24) days, respectively]. The prevalence of cats with negative outcome was not significantly different between the two groups (cats with stress hyperglycaemia: 37.1%, normoglycaemic cats: 33.9%). Nonetheless, when modelling of outcome prediction included breed, age, stress hyperglycaemia and disease category as factors, cats with stress hyperglycaemia had 2.8 times the odds to have a negative outcome (95% confidence interval: 1.3 to 6.4). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Based on the cut-off employed in this study, Stress hyperglycaemia, as defined by the cut-off is common in sick cats. Stress hyperglycaemia is associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome development and seem to be a negative prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Frezoulis
- Southfields Veterinary Specialists, Essex, SS15 6TP, UK
| | - I L Oikonomidis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - D Kasabalis
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00, Karditsa, Greece
| | - A Pappa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P Bouza-Rapti
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - T Chochlios
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - T K Tsouloufi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M Kritsepi-Konstantinou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N Soubasis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Oikonomidis IL, Tsouloufi TK, Brellou GD, Soubasis N, Ververidis C, Vlemmas I, Kritsepi-Konstantinou M. Α case of multiple bilateral testicular capsule mast cell tumours in a dog. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2015; 29:417-421. [PMID: 26122231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A 5-year-old intact male German Shepherd dog was referred with a diagnosis of leishmaniasis. Several testicular masses were palpated during the physical examination, while the diagnostic screening yielded no remarkable findings. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the masses revealed the presence of intermediately differentiated mast cell tumours. Scrotal ablation and orchiectomy were performed as a definitive treatment option. The pathological examination of the surgical specimens confirmed the diagnosis of grade II mast cell tumours and showed that they were all confined to the testicular capsule. At 7 months post-admission, the dog exhibited neither postsurgical complications nor metastatic foci and was, therefore, given a favourable prognosis. Despite their exceptionally rare occurrence, mast cell tumours should be considered for the differential diagnosis of testicular tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- I L Oikonomidis
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - T K Tsouloufi
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - G D Brellou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N Soubasis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - C Ververidis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - I Vlemmas
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M Kritsepi-Konstantinou
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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