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Schulz M, Kleinjans M, Strnad P, Demir M, Holtmann TM, Tacke F, Wree A. Shear Wave Elastography and Shear Wave Dispersion Imaging in the Assessment of Liver Disease in Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11040629. [PMID: 33807358 PMCID: PMC8066059 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver affection of Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A noninvasive severity assessment of liver disease in AATD is urgently needed since laboratory parameters may not accurately reflect the extent of liver involvement. Preliminary data exist on two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) being a suitable method for liver fibrosis measurement in AATD. AATD patients without HCC were examined using 2D-SWE, shear wave dispersion imaging (SWD) and transient elastography (TE). Furthermore, liver steatosis was assessed using the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and compared to the new method of attenuation imaging (ATI). 29 AATD patients were enrolled, of which 18 had the PiZZ genotype, eight had PiMZ, two had PiSZ and one had a PiZP-Lowell genotype. 2D-SWE (median 1.42 m/S, range 1.14–1.83 m/S) and TE (median 4.8 kPa, range 2.8–24.6 kPa) values displayed a significant correlation (R = 0.475, p < 0.05). 2D-SWE, ATI (median 0.56 dB/cm/MHz, range 0.43–0.96 dB/cm/MHz) and CAP (median 249.5 dB/m, range 156–347 dB/m) values were higher in PiZZ when compared to other AATD genotypes. This study provides evidence that 2D-SWE is a suitable method for the assessment of liver disease in AATD. The newer methods of SWD and ATI require further evaluation in the context of AATD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marten Schulz
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (CVK) und Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (M.D.); (T.M.H.); (F.T.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Moritz Kleinjans
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases, and Intensive Care, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.K.); (P.S.)
- Coordinating Center for Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency-Related Liver Disease of the European Reference Network (ERN) “Rare Liver” and the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Registry Group “Alpha1-Liver”, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases, and Intensive Care, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.K.); (P.S.)
- Coordinating Center for Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency-Related Liver Disease of the European Reference Network (ERN) “Rare Liver” and the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Registry Group “Alpha1-Liver”, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Münevver Demir
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (CVK) und Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (M.D.); (T.M.H.); (F.T.); (A.W.)
| | - Theresa M. Holtmann
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (CVK) und Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (M.D.); (T.M.H.); (F.T.); (A.W.)
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (CVK) und Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (M.D.); (T.M.H.); (F.T.); (A.W.)
| | - Alexander Wree
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (CVK) und Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (M.D.); (T.M.H.); (F.T.); (A.W.)
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