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Lui A, Do T, Alzayat O, Yu N, Phyu S, Santuya HJ, Liang B, Kailash V, Liu D, Inslicht SS, Shahlaie K, Liu D. Tumor Suppressor MicroRNAs in Clinical and Preclinical Trials for Neurological Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:426. [PMID: 38675388 PMCID: PMC11054060 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers and neurological disorders are two major types of diseases in humans. We developed the concept called the "Aberrant Cell Cycle Disease (ACCD)" due to the accumulating evidence that shows that two different diseases share the common mechanism of aberrant cell cycle re-entry. The aberrant cell cycle re-entry is manifested as kinase/oncoprotein activation and tumor suppressor (TS) inactivation, which are associated with both tumor growth in cancers and neuronal death in neurological disorders. Therefore, some cancer therapies (e.g., kinase/oncogene inhibition and TS elevation) can be leveraged for neurological treatments. MicroRNA (miR/miRNA) provides a new style of drug-target binding. For example, a single tumor suppressor miRNA (TS-miR/miRNA) can bind to and decrease tens of target kinases/oncogenes, producing much more robust efficacy to block cell cycle re-entry than inhibiting a single kinase/oncogene. In this review, we summarize the miRNAs that are altered in both cancers and neurological disorders, with an emphasis on miRNA drugs that have entered into clinical trials for neurological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Lui
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Timothy Do
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Omar Alzayat
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Nina Yu
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Su Phyu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hillary Joy Santuya
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Benjamin Liang
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Vidur Kailash
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Dewey Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Sabra S. Inslicht
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Kiarash Shahlaie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - DaZhi Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
- Mirnova Therapeutics Inc., Davis, CA 95618, USA
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Do T, Wang JK, Steele T, Strong EB, Shahlaie K, Liu YA. Neuro-ophthalmic features of patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2023; 12:106-114. [PMID: 38476573 PMCID: PMC10926311 DOI: 10.51329/mehdiophthal1476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Background Increased intracranial pressure is a potential cause of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (sCSF) leak. Associated neuro-ophthalmic features have not been well studied, particularly relationships with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). We hypothesized that neuro-ophthalmic features routinely used in evaluations for IIH can be useful in the investigation of a causal relationship between IIH and sCSF leak. We reviewed the neuro-ophthalmic examination and office-based ophthalmic imaging data of all consecutive patients with sCSF leaks and at least one repair to investigate the clinical and neuro-ophthalmic features of increased intracranial pressure. Methods We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study at a single institution by querying the electronic medical record system for CSF leak Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes (G96.00 and G96.01) from June 1, 2019, to July 31, 2022. For patients with a confirmed diagnosis of sCSF leak, demographic information, eye examination results, and ophthalmic imaging details for both eyes were collected. Results A total of 189 patients with CSF leaks were identified through CPT coding; 159 had iatrogenic or traumatic CSF leaks, and 30 individuals (3 male, 27 female) had confirmed sCSF leaks. The mean age of patients with sCSF leaks was 46 years (range: 29 - 81), with a mean body mass index of 35.2 kg/m2 (range: 18.2 - 54.1). Only 11 of 30 underwent eye examinations (8 before surgical repair and 10 after). The mean pre-repair and post-repair best-corrected visual acuity were 20/30 (range: 20/20 - 20/55) and 20/25 (range: 20/20 - 20/40), respectively (P = 0.188). The mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was 99 µm (range: 96 - 104) pre-repair and 97 µm (range: 84 - 103) post-repair (P = 0.195). The mean ganglion cell complex thickness was 84 µm (range: 72 - 94) pre-repair and 82 µm (range: 71 - 94) post-repair (P = 0.500). Humphrey visual field average mean deviation was -5.1 (range: -12.4 - -1.8) pre-repair and -1.0 (range: -10.1 - 2.1) post-repair (P = 0.063). Conclusions Serial neuro-ophthalmic examinations are recommended for patients with sCSF leaks to screen for signs of current or prior increased intracranial pressure. Larger studies are required to clarify the longitudinal changes in neuro-ophthalmic features, to investigate the incidence of IIH in cases of sCSF leak development or recurrence after surgical repair, and to explore potential causal relationships to guide post-repair management and prevent recurrent leaks. A multicenter consortium is also suggested to develop a standard clinical protocol for comprehensive management of sCSF leaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Do
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Jui-Kai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA
- Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Visual Loss, Iowa City VA Health System, Iowa, USA
| | - Toby Steele
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - E. Bradley Strong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Kiarash Shahlaie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Yin Allison Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, USA
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Treble A, Do T, Sarkis L, Newey A, Naidoo SY, Saxby A, Kong J, Patel NP, Jufas N. Caution in Transnasal Balloon Dilation of the Eustachian Tube: Middle Ear Penetration of Catheter Tip in a Cadaveric Model. Otol Neurotol 2023; 44:241-245. [PMID: 36622652 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the degree to which transnasal eustachian tube (ET) dilation balloon catheters are able to be passed through the ET in a cadaver model. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS A cadaveric study of 8 cadaver heads (16 ears), which underwent transnasal ET insertion with a 3 × 20-mm balloon catheter with transtympanic endoscopic visualization and grading. RESULTS Catheter tip incursion into the protympanum or mesotympanum occurred in all ears. Radiological validation was obtained with correlation to published ET length data. CONCLUSION Middle ear incursion of balloon catheter tips can be demonstrated in a cadaver model and highlights the ongoing need for both caution in novel surgical techniques and evolution in device design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Treble
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital
| | - Timothy Do
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital
| | - Leba Sarkis
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital
| | - Allison Newey
- Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital and North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards
| | - Soo Yee Naidoo
- Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital and North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards
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Shah R, Gilbert A, Melles R, Patel A, Do T, Wolek M, Vora R. Abstract WP190: Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Do Patient Presentation Patterns Complicate Use Of Potential Treatments? Stroke 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/str.54.suppl_1.wp190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
For patients diagnosed with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), timely screening for underlying risk factors to prevent secondary stroke and other cardiovascular events is required. Given the profound impact on vision, there is also great interest in the potential to treat CRAO. Thrombolytic therapy is the current standard of care in acute ischemic cerebral stroke, but the window for administration is short. As part of a larger pilot to investigate the prospect of intravenous thrombolysis for patients presenting with acute CRAO in our institution, we set out to evaluate the specific presentation patterns of this population within our system.
Methods:
Retrospective study performed on 804 patients correctly diagnosed with CRAO from 2011-2020. From this cohort of patients, we identified 484 for whom we could accurately determine the time of first symptoms, the time of first contact with the healthcare system, and the time of evaluation by an ophthalmologist.
Results:
While 18.0% (87/484) of patients waited over 24 hours from time of vision loss to contact the health care system, 50.2% of patients did connect in under 4.5 hours (243/484). However, only 16.7% (81/484) of patients saw an ophthalmologist within that window, and 35.5% (172/484) did not have any ophthalmologic evaluation within 24 hours of vision loss.
Conclusion:
Half of CRAO patients within our institution connect with the health care system within a potential window for intravenous thrombolytic treatment, but the majority do not receive ophthalmic diagnosis within that time frame. In conclusion, public health education efforts to speed up presentation times and system-based strategies to decrease the time to ophthalmic diagnosis are needed if thrombolytic treatment either via compassionate use or within a clinical trial setting is to be more widely offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Shah
- Renaissance Sch of Medicine at Stony Brook Univ, Stony Brook, NY
| | | | | | - Amar Patel
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Timothy Do
- Univ of California Davis Sch of Medicine, Sacramento, CA
| | - Michael Wolek
- Univ Hosps at Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH
| | - Robin Vora
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
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Shah R, Gilbert A, Melles R, Patel A, Do T, Wolek M, Vora RA. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Time to Presentation and Diagnosis. Ophthalmol Retina 2023:S2468-6530(23)00005-2. [PMID: 36639057 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the presentation patterns of patients diagnosed with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) from 2011 to 2020. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study SUBJECTS: The present study was conducted in 484 patients presenting within 30 days of symptom onset with accurate documentation of time of symptom onset, time of presentation to the health care system, and time of presentation to an ophthalmologist. METHODS An independent chart review of patients with CRAO was conducted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Demographic information including age, sex, and race were collected. Presentation patterns such as time of first symptoms, time of first contact with the health care system, and time of evaluation by an ophthalmologist were analyzed. Additionally, information regarding the medical venue or specialty of initial patient contact was collected. RESULTS A total of 247 (51%) patients contacted the health care system within 4.5 hours of system onset, whereas 86 (17.8%) patients waited over 24 hours. Only 81 (32.8%) of the 247 patients who presented within 4.5 hours saw an ophthalmologist within that time frame, whereas 172 (35.5%) of the entire cohort of 484 did not present to an ophthalmologist within 24 hours of vision loss. There was significant variability with regards to medical specialty of initial patient contact, with 292 (60.3%) patients first presenting to an emergency department and 133 (27.5%) patients first presenting to an ophthalmologist. Black and Hispanic patients presented later than patients of White, Asian, or other racial backgrounds (40.4 ± 10.2 hours versus 23.0 ± 3.4 hours, P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although no level 1 evidence-based treatment is currently available for CRAO, thrombolytic therapy may be promising. Even though over half of patients with CRAO within our institution connected with the health care system within a potential window for thrombolytic therapy, most did not receive a definitive ophthalmic diagnosis within that time frame. Public health educational campaigns and infrastructure optimization must speed up presentation times, decrease the time to ophthalmic diagnosis, and target vulnerable populations to offer and research timely administration of thrombolytic therapy. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Shah
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Aubrey Gilbert
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vallejo, California
| | - Ronald Melles
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Amar Patel
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Timothy Do
- University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Michael Wolek
- University Hospitals at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Robin A Vora
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.
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Liu D, Lui A, Alzayat O, Do T, Perekopskiy D, Gann M, Elgokhy T, Gao J. Multi-targeted anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of neurological disorders. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:805-806. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.353489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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O’Neill A, Seidman J, Cavagnero K, Li F, Nakatsuji T, Cheng J, Tong Y, Do T, Cau L, Hata T, Modlin R, Gallo R. 349 Functional screening of Cutibacterium acnes isolates reveal determinants of skin inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Canty E, Do T, Joshi S. GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS WITH ASPIRIN-EXACERBATED RESPIRATORY DISEASE MAY INCREASE RISK FOR FAILURE DURING RAPID ASPIRIN DESENSITIZATION. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.08.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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9
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Oyefule O, Do T, Karthikayen R, Portela R, Dayyeh BA, McKenzie T, Kellogg T, Ghanem OM. Secondary Bariatric Surgery-Does the Type of Index Procedure Affect Outcomes After Conversion? J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 26:1830-1837. [PMID: 35715643 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-022-05385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although revisions account for 17% of cases performed at bariatric centers of excellence, scarce data exists on whether index operation type influences outcomes after secondary operations. OBJECTIVE We designed a study investigating the effect of primary procedure type on weight loss and perioperative complications after conversion bariatric surgery. SETTING Tertiary Referral Hospital, USA. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing conversion from sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or adjustable gastric band (AGB) to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) from 2009 to 2019. Post-operatively, we measured short- and medium-term complications and changes in body weight at various time points. Univariate and regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Forty-two (SG) patients and 116 (AGB) patients underwent conversion to RYGB, most commonly for GERD (57.1%) in SG patients vs. weight regain (77.6%) in AGB patients. Mean pre-conversion BMI was 36.7 kg/m2 (SG) vs 43.8 kg/m2 (AGB). Mean time to conversion (months) was 52.9 (SG) vs 94.7 (AGB). Complication rate was 9.5% (SG) vs 6% (AGB) at 30 days (p = 0.48) and 31%(SG) vs 14.5% (AGB) (p = 0.02) at 2 years. Mean post conversion %TWL was 11.6% (SG) vs 24.6% (AGB) in patients with GERD/dysphagia (p = 0.014) and 20.7% (SG) vs 27.6% (AGB) in patients converted for weight-related reasons (p = 0.027) at 1 year. Overall mean %TWL was 13.2% (SG) vs 24.7% (AGB) at 2 years (p < 0.0035). CONCLUSION After conversion to RYGB, patients with AGB experience better short- and medium-term weight loss than those with SG, even after accounting for conversion indications. SG to RYGB conversions have a higher resolution of reflux disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omobolanle Oyefule
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, 550 Peachtree Street NE, Atlanta, GA, 30308, USA
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Timothy Do
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Raveena Karthikayen
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Ray Portela
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Barham Abu Dayyeh
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Travis McKenzie
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Todd Kellogg
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Omar M Ghanem
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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Abstract
Since the discovery of bioactive molecules sequestered in dentine, researchers have been exploring ways to harness their activities for dental regeneration. One specific area, discussed in this review, is that of dental-pulp capping. Dental-pulp caps are placed when the dental pulp is exposed due to decay or trauma in an attempt to enhance tertiary dentine deposition. Several materials are used for dental-pulp capping; however, natural biomimetic scaffolds may offer advantages over manufactured materials such as improved aesthetic, biocompatibility and success rate. The present review discusses and appraises the current evidence surrounding biomimetic dental-pulp capping, with a focus on bioactive molecules sequestered in dentine. Molecules covered most extensively in the literature include transforming growth factors (TGF-βs, specifically TGF-β1) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs, specifically BMP-2 and BMP-7). Further studies would need to explore the synergistic use of multiple peptides together with the development of a tailored scaffold carrier. The roles of some of the molecules identified in dentine need to be explored before they can be considered as potential bioactive molecules in a biomimetic scaffold for dental-pulp capping. Future in vivo work needs to consider the inflammatory environment of the dental pulp in pulpal exposures and compare pulp-capping materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - G A Feichtinger
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds,
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Sommer C, Do T, Pan F, Ryschich E, Vollherbst D, Jugold M, Kauczor H, Pereira P, Richter G. Abstract No. 705 A new type of radiopaque doxorubicin-loaded microsphere created on the Embozene microspheres platform: in vitro characterization and comparison with controls. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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12
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Sommer C, Pan F, Do T, Pereira P, Richter G, Vollherbst D, Kauczor H. 3:00 PM Abstract No. 127 Computed tomography–guided IrReversible Electroporation of hepatocellular carcinoma smaller than 2 cm: the value of transarterial Pre-MARKing with iodized oil for improved guidance during electrode positioning. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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13
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Hees A, Do T, Roberts BM, Ghez AM, Nishiyama S, Bentley RO, Gautam AK, Jia S, Kara T, Lu JR, Saida H, Sakai S, Takahashi M, Takamori Y. Search for a Variation of the Fine Structure Constant around the Supermassive Black Hole in Our Galactic Center. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:081101. [PMID: 32167338 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.081101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Searching for space-time variations of the constants of Nature is a promising way to search for new physics beyond general relativity and the standard model motivated by unification theories and models of dark matter and dark energy. We propose a new way to search for a variation of the fine-structure constant using measurements of late-type evolved giant stars from the S star cluster orbiting the supermassive black hole in our Galactic Center. A measurement of the difference between distinct absorption lines (with different sensitivity to the fine structure constant) from a star leads to a direct estimate of a variation of the fine structure constant between the star's location and Earth. Using spectroscopic measurements of five stars, we obtain a constraint on the relative variation of the fine structure constant below 10^{-5}. This is the first time a varying constant of nature is searched for around a black hole and in a high gravitational potential. This analysis shows new ways the monitoring of stars in the Galactic Center can be used to probe fundamental physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hees
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire 75014 Paris, France
| | - T Do
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - B M Roberts
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire 75014 Paris, France
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - A M Ghez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Nishiyama
- Miyagi University of Education, 149 Aramaki-aza-aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - R O Bentley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - A K Gautam
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Jia
- Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T Kara
- Miyagi University of Education, 149 Aramaki-aza-aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - J R Lu
- Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Saida
- Daido University, 10-3 Takiharu-cho, Minami-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 457-8530, Japan
| | - S Sakai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - M Takahashi
- Aichi University of Education, 1 Hirosawa, Igaya-cho, Kariya, Aichi 448-8542, Japan
| | - Y Takamori
- National Institute of Technology, Wakayama College, 77 Noshima, Nada-cho, Gobo, Wakayama 644-0023, Japan
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Darnieder LM, Melón LC, Do T, Walton NL, Miczek KA, Maguire JL. Female-specific decreases in alcohol binge-like drinking resulting from GABA A receptor delta-subunit knockdown in the VTA. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8102. [PMID: 31147611 PMCID: PMC6542821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking is short-term drinking that achieves blood alcohol levels of 0.08 g/dl or above. It exhibits well-established sex differences in GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission, including extrasynaptic δ subunit-containing GABAA receptors (δ-GABAARs) that mediate tonic inhibition, or synaptic γ2-containing GABAARs which underlie fast, synaptic, phasic inhibition have been implicated in sex differences in binge drinking. Ovarian hormones regulate δ-GABAARs, further implicating these receptors in potential sex differences. Here, we explored the contribution of extrasynaptic δ-GABAARs to male and female binge-like drinking in a critical area of mesolimbic circuitry-the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Quantitative PCR revealed higher Gabrd transcript levels and larger tonic currents in the VTA of females compared to males. In contrast, male and female Gabrg2 transcript levels and measures of phasic inhibition were equivalent. Intra-VTA infusion of AAV-Cre-GFP in floxed Gabrd mice downregulated δ-GABAARs and decreased binge-like drinking in females. There was no significant difference in either male or female mice after GABAAR γ2 subunit reduction in the VTA following AAV-Cre-GFP infusion in floxed Gabrg2 mice. Collectively, these findings suggest sex differences and GABAAR subunit specificity in alcohol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Darnieder
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - L C Melón
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - T Do
- Northeastern University, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - N L Walton
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Honors College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - K A Miczek
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
- Tufts University, Psychology Department, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - J L Maguire
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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Hong J, Do T, Butt M, Chu C, Zaenglein A. 625 Retrospective review and telephone follow-up of adverse events resulting from standardized isotretinoin lab monitoring. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Phan HTT, Stoesser N, Maciuca IE, Toma F, Szekely E, Flonta M, Hubbard ATM, Pankhurst L, Do T, Peto TEA, Walker AS, Crook DW, Timofte D. Illumina short-read and MinION long-read WGS to characterize the molecular epidemiology of an NDM-1 Serratia marcescens outbreak in Romania. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:672-679. [PMID: 29237003 PMCID: PMC5890751 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Serratia marcescens is an emerging nosocomial pathogen, and the carbapenemase blaNDM has been reported in several surveys in Romania. We aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of S. marcescens in two Romanian hospitals over 2010–15, including a neonatal NDM-1 S. marcescens outbreak. Methods Isolates were sequenced using Illumina technology together with carbapenem-non-susceptible NDM-1-positive and NDM-1-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae to provide genomic context. A subset was sequenced with MinION to fully resolve NDM-1 plasmid structures. Resistance genes, plasmid replicons and ISs were identified in silico for all isolates; an annotated phylogeny was reconstructed for S. marcescens. Fully resolved study NDM-1 plasmid sequences were compared with the most closely related publicly available NDM-1 plasmid reference. Results 44/45 isolates were successfully sequenced (S. marcescens, n = 33; K. pneumoniae, n = 7; E. cloacae, n = 4); 10 with MinION. The S. marcescens phylogeny demonstrated several discrete clusters of NDM-1-positive and -negative isolates. All NDM-1-positive isolates across species harboured a pKOX_NDM1-like plasmid; more detailed comparisons of the plasmid structures demonstrated a number of differences, but highlighted the largely conserved plasmid backbones across species and hospital sites. Conclusions The molecular epidemiology is most consistent with the importation of a pKOX_NDM1-like plasmid into Romania and its dissemination amongst K. pneumoniae/E. cloacae and subsequently S. marcescens across hospitals. The data suggested multiple acquisitions of this plasmid by S. marcescens in the two hospitals studied; transmission events within centres, including a large outbreak on the Targu Mures neonatal unit; and sharing of the pKOX_NDM1-like plasmid between species within outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T T Phan
- Modernising Medical Microbiology Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N Stoesser
- Modernising Medical Microbiology Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - I E Maciuca
- Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, UK
| | - F Toma
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - E Szekely
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - M Flonta
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A T M Hubbard
- Modernising Medical Microbiology Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - L Pankhurst
- Modernising Medical Microbiology Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - T Do
- Modernising Medical Microbiology Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - T E A Peto
- Modernising Medical Microbiology Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A S Walker
- Modernising Medical Microbiology Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D W Crook
- Modernising Medical Microbiology Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D Timofte
- Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, UK.,Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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17
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Bhatia TN, Pant DB, Eckhoff EA, Gongaware RN, Do T, Hutchison DF, Gleixner AM, Leak RK. Astrocytes Do Not Forfeit Their Neuroprotective Roles After Surviving Intense Oxidative Stress. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:87. [PMID: 31024254 PMCID: PMC6460290 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to fulfill their evolutionary role as support cells, astrocytes have to tolerate intense oxidative stress under conditions of brain injury and disease. It is well known that astrocytes exposed to mild oxidative stress are preconditioned against subsequent stress exposure in dual hit models. However, it is unclear whether severe oxidative stress leads to stress tolerance, stress exacerbation, or no change in stress resistance in astrocytes. Furthermore, it is not known whether reactive astrocytes surviving intense oxidative stress can still support nearby neurons. The data in this Brief Report suggest that primary cortical astrocytes surviving high concentrations of the oxidative toxicant paraquat are completely resistant against subsequent oxidative challenges of the same intensity. Inhibitors of multiple endogenous defenses (e.g., glutathione, heme oxygenase 1, ERK1/2, Akt) failed to abolish or even reduce their stress resistance. Stress-reactive cortical astrocytes surviving intense oxidative stress still managed to protect primary cortical neurons against subsequent oxidative injuries in neuron/astrocyte co-cultures, even at concentrations of paraquat that otherwise led to more than 80% neuron loss. Although our previous work demonstrated a lack of stress tolerance in primary neurons exposed to dual paraquat hits, here we show that intensely stressed primary neurons can resist a second hit of hydrogen peroxide. These collective findings suggest that stress-reactive astroglia are not necessarily neurotoxic, and that severe oxidative stress does not invariably lead to stress exacerbation in either glia or neurons. Therefore, interference with the natural functions of stress-reactive astrocytes might have the unintended consequence of accelerating neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun N Bhatia
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Deepti B Pant
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Eckhoff
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rachel N Gongaware
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Timothy Do
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Daniel F Hutchison
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Amanda M Gleixner
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rehana K Leak
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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18
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Witzel G, Martinez G, Hora J, Willner SP, Morris MR, Gammie C, Becklin EE, Ashby MLN, Baganoff F, Carey S, Do T, Fazio GG, Ghez A, Glaccum WJ, Haggard D, Herrero-Illana R, Ingalls J, Narayan R, Smith HA. Variability Timescale and Spectral Index of Sgr A* in the Near Infrared: Approximate Bayesian Computation Analysis of the Variability of the Closest Supermassive Black Hole. Astrophys J 2018; 863:15. [PMID: 32855558 PMCID: PMC7449233 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aace62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) is the variable radio, near-infrared (NIR), and X-ray source associated with accretion onto the Galactic center black hole. We present an analysis of the most comprehensive NIR variability data set of Sgr A* to date: eight 24 hr epochs of continuous monitoring of Sgr A* at 4.5 μm with the IRAC instrument on the Spitzer Space Telescope, 93 epochs of 2.18 μm data from Naos Conica at the Very Large Telescope, and 30 epochs of 2.12 μm data from the NIRC2 camera at the Keck Observatory, in total 94,929 measurements. A new approximate Bayesian computation method for fitting the first-order structure function extracts information beyond current fast Fourier transformation (FFT) methods of power spectral density (PSD) estimation. With a combined fit of the data of all three observatories, the characteristic coherence timescale of Sgr A* isτ b = 243 - 57 + 82 minutes (90% credible interval). The PSD has no detectable features on timescales down to 8.5 minutes (95% credible level), which is the ISCO orbital frequency for a dimensionless spin parameter a = 0.92. One light curve measured simultaneously at 2.12 and 4.5 μm during a low flux-density phase gave a spectral index α s = 1.6 ± 0.1( F ν ∝ ν - α s ) . This value implies that the Sgr A* NIR color becomes bluer during higher flux-density phases. The probability densities of flux densities of the combined data sets are best fit by log-normal distributions. Based on these distributions, the Sgr A* spectral energy distribution is consistent with synchrotron radiation from a non-thermal electron population from below 20 GHz through the NIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Witzel
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G Martinez
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Hora
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - S P Willner
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - M R Morris
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Gammie
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - E E Becklin
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- SOFIA Science Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - M L N Ashby
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - F Baganoff
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - S Carey
- Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - T Do
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G G Fazio
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - A Ghez
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W J Glaccum
- Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - D Haggard
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada
- McGill Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
| | - R Herrero-Illana
- European Southern Observatory (ESO), Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla 19001, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - J Ingalls
- Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - R Narayan
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - H A Smith
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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19
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Adler-Moore JP, Ernst W, Kim H, Ward N, Chiang SM, Do T, Fujii G. Monomeric M2e antigen in VesiVax ® liposomes stimulates protection against type a strains of influenza comparable to liposomes with multimeric forms of M2e. J Liposome Res 2017; 27:210-220. [PMID: 28922045 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2017.1381708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Given the interest in the ectodomain of the matrix 2 (M2e) channel protein as a target for development of a universal influenza vaccine, we examined the role of the antigen configuration of M2e in generating a protective immune response. A series of M2e mutations and a truncated M2e segment were prepared as a means of controlling the formation of monomer, dimer, and higher order multimeric forms of M2e. Each of these M2e peptides was incorporated into a liposome-based vaccine technology platform previously shown to stimulate a protective response to influenza A infection using M2e as a mixture of monomers, dimers and multimers (L-M2e1-HD/MPL). Our results using these modified forms of M2e produced 90-100% survival following lethal challenge with H1N1 (A/PR/8/34) in both inbred BALB/c and outbred Swiss Webster mice vaccinated with a truncated monomeric form of the M2 protein, M2e1-15 in liposomes. These observations show that a tetrameric configuration is not required to elicit significant protection when the M2e antigen is formulated in immunogenic liposomes and further, that the first 15 amino acids of M2e likely play a primary role in providing the protective immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Adler-Moore
- a Department of Biological Sciences , California State Polytechnic University , Pomona , CA , USA
| | - W Ernst
- b Molecular Express Inc , Rancho Dominguez , CA , USA
| | - H Kim
- a Department of Biological Sciences , California State Polytechnic University , Pomona , CA , USA
| | - N Ward
- a Department of Biological Sciences , California State Polytechnic University , Pomona , CA , USA
| | - S M Chiang
- b Molecular Express Inc , Rancho Dominguez , CA , USA
| | - T Do
- b Molecular Express Inc , Rancho Dominguez , CA , USA
| | - G Fujii
- b Molecular Express Inc , Rancho Dominguez , CA , USA
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20
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Cheng Z, Do T, Mankia K, Meade J, Hunt L, Nam J, Tugnait A, Speirs A, Clerehugh V, Emery P, Devine D. The subgingival microbiomes in periodontitis and health of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis and at risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. J Oral Microbiol 2017. [PMCID: PMC5646645 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2017.1325216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), present in 70% of people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), can be detected ≤10years before the onset of clinical disease. RA and periodontitis are epidemiologically associated and we have reported a high incidence of periodontitis in people who are ACPA+ and at risk of RA. Periodontal bacteria may contribute by multiple routes to the generation of RA-autoantibodies. This study aims to characterise the subgingival microbiomes from periodontitis and health in individuals with/without RA and at risk of RA. Forty-five ACPA+ no RA (RA-at-risk; RAR), 31 healthy controls (HC) and 30 ACPA+ RA patients (RA) underwent a periodontal examination. DNA from subgingival plaque from healthy and deep pocket sites were paired-end sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq3000 and data analysed using MG-RAST + DESeq. Metagenomes in RA samples had high proportions of Actinobacteria; RAR microbiomes contained higher proportions of Bacteroidetes than HC. The relative abundance of P. gingivalis was high in periodontitis and RAR; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was detected with similar frequency in each group. Other bacteria implicated in periodontitis and/or autoantibody generation (Filifactor alocis, Prevotella spp, Leptotrichia spp.) were detected. Analyses are on-going to elucidate the diversity and functional potential of the subgingival microbiome associated with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Cheng
- Division of Oral Biology, University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, UK
| | - T. Do
- Division of Oral Biology, University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, UK
| | - K. Mankia
- Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, School of Medicine, UK
| | - J.L. Meade
- Division of Oral Biology, University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, UK
| | - L. Hunt
- Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, School of Medicine, UK
| | - J. Nam
- Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, School of Medicine, UK
| | - A. Tugnait
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, UK
| | - A. Speirs
- Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK
| | - V. Clerehugh
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, UK
| | - P. Emery
- Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, School of Medicine, UK
| | - D. Devine
- Division of Oral Biology, University of Leeds, School of Dentistry, UK
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21
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Hees A, Do T, Ghez AM, Martinez GD, Naoz S, Becklin EE, Boehle A, Chappell S, Chu D, Dehghanfar A, Kosmo K, Lu JR, Matthews K, Morris MR, Sakai S, Schödel R, Witzel G. Testing General Relativity with Stellar Orbits around the Supermassive Black Hole in Our Galactic Center. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:211101. [PMID: 28598651 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.211101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that short-period stars orbiting around the supermassive black hole in our Galactic center can successfully be used to probe the gravitational theory in a strong regime. We use 19 years of observations of the two best measured short-period stars orbiting our Galactic center to constrain a hypothetical fifth force that arises in various scenarios motivated by the development of a unification theory or in some models of dark matter and dark energy. No deviation from general relativity is reported and the fifth force strength is restricted to an upper 95% confidence limit of |α|<0.016 at a length scale of λ=150 astronomical units. We also derive a 95% confidence upper limit on a linear drift of the argument of periastron of the short-period star S0-2 of |ω[over ˙]_{S0-2}|<1.6×10^{-3} rad/yr, which can be used to constrain various gravitational and astrophysical theories. This analysis provides the first fully self-consistent test of the gravitational theory using orbital dynamic in a strong gravitational regime, that of a supermassive black hole. A sensitivity analysis for future measurements is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hees
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Do
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - A M Ghez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G D Martinez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Naoz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E E Becklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - A Boehle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Chappell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - D Chu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - A Dehghanfar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - K Kosmo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J R Lu
- Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Matthews
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, MC 301-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M R Morris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Sakai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R Schödel
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía S/N, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - G Witzel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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22
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Do T, Fard N, Vollherbst D, Schlett C, Gockner T, Flechsig P, Heim J, Pereira P, Macher-Göppinger S, Kauczor H, Sommer C. Kontrastmittel-verstärkter Ultraschall (CEUS) zur Beurteilung der Nierenmikrovaskularisation vor und nach Embolisation mit resorbierbaren experimentellen Stärkemikrosphären. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1600493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Do
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - N Fard
- DKFZ, Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - D Vollherbst
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Neuroradiologie, Heidelberg
| | - C Schlett
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - T Gockner
- Universitätsklinikum Mainz, Diagnostische Radiologie, Mainz
| | - P Flechsig
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Nuklearmedizin, Heidelberg
| | - J Heim
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - P Pereira
- SLK Kliniken Heilbronn, Klinik für Radiologie, minimalinvasive Therapien und Nuklearmedizin, Heilbronn
| | | | - H Kauczor
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - C Sommer
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie, Heidelberg
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23
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Lanoue J, Dong J, Do T, Goldenberg G. An update on neurotoxin products and administration methods. Cutis 2016; 98:163-197. [PMID: 27814412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Since onabotulinumtoxinA for nonsurgical aesthetic enhancement of glabellar lines was initially reported, the popularity of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) products among both clinicians and consumers has rapidly grown, and we have seen several additional BoNT formulations enter the market. As the demand for minimally invasive cosmetic procedures continues to increase, we will see the introduction of additional formulations of BoNT products as well as new delivery devices and administration techniques. In this article, we provide a brief update on current and upcoming BoNT products and also review the literature on novel administration methods based on recently published studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lanoue
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joanna Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Timothy Do
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA
| | - Gary Goldenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Mankia K, Hunt L, Hensor E, Nam J, Clerehugh V, Speirs A, Tugnait A, Do T, Devine D, Emery P. OP0246 Increased Prevalence of Periodontal Disease in Anti-CCP Positive Individuals at Risk of Progression To Inflammatory Arthritis: A Target for Prevention? Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wang F, Calderone K, Smith N, Do T, Kang S, Voorhees J, Fisher G. 268 Enhanced dermal mechanical support rapidly stimulates fibroblasts and stable accumulation of collagen bundles in photoaged human skin. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Lanoue J, Do T, Goldenberg G. Therapies for actinic keratosis with a focus on cosmetic outcomes. Cutis 2015; 96:165-93. [PMID: 26562273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a commonly encountered premalignant epidermal lesion that has a predilection to manifest on highly visible areas such as the face, head, and hands. Lesions may be cosmetically unappealing and have been reported to reduce patients' quality of life (QOL), but appropriate treatment can resolve these issues. In this article, we review the efficacy of the most commonly utilized treatments for AKs including topical medications, procedural modalities, and light-based therapies, and we discuss the relevant cosmetic considerations and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gary Goldenberg
- Department of Dermatology, 5 E 98th St, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Gopal S, Do T, Pooni JS, Martinelli G. Reply to authors--pitfalls in hemodynamic monitoring techniques: troubles in research or in clinical practice? Minerva Anestesiol 2015; 81:236-237. [PMID: 25338283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Gopal
- Critical Care Services, Integrated Critical Care Unit, The Heart and Lung Centre, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, -
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Shumway D, Kapdia N, Do T, Griffith K, Feng M, Jagsi R, Helfrich Y, Liss A, Gillespie E, Miller A, Pierce L. Development of a Photonumeric Scale for Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Gopal S, Do T, Pooni JS, Martinelli G. Validation of cardiac output studies from the Mostcare compared to a pulmonary artery catheter in septic patients. Minerva Anestesiol 2014; 80:314-323. [PMID: 24398442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mostcare monitor is a non-invasive cardiac output monitor. It has been well validated in cardiac surgical patients but there is limited evidence on its use in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. METHODS The study included the first 22 consecutive patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in whom the floatation of a pulmonary artery catheter was deemed necessary to guide clinical management. Cardiac output measurements including cardiac output, cardiac index and stroke volume were simultaneously calculated and recorded from a thermodilution pulmonary artery catheter and from the Mostcare monitor respectively. The two methods of measuring cardiac output were compared by Bland-Altman statistics and linear regression analysis. A percentage error of less than 30% was defined as acceptable for this study. RESULTS Bland-Altman analysis for cardiac output showed a Bias of 0.31 L.min-1, precision (=SD) of 1.97 L.min-1 and a percentage error of 62.54%. For Cardiac Index the bias was 0.21 L.min-1.m-2, precision of 1.10 L.min-1.m-2 and a percentage error of 64%. For stroke volume the bias was 5 mL, precision of 24.46 mL and percentage error of 70.21%. Linear regression produced a correlation coefficient r2 for cardiac output, cardiac index, and stroke volume, of 0.403, 0.306, and 0.3 respectively. CONCLUSION Compared to thermodilution cardiac output, cardiac output studies obtained from the Mostcare monitor have an unacceptably high error rate. The Mostcare monitor demonstrated to be an unreliable monitoring device to measure cardiac output in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock on an intensive care unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gopal
- Critical Care Services, Heart and Lung Centre, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK -
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Niazi SA, Clark D, Do T, Gilbert SC, Foschi F, Mannocci F, Beighton D. The effectiveness of enzymic irrigation in removing a nutrient-stressed endodontic multispecies biofilm. Int Endod J 2014; 47:756-68. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Niazi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; King's College London; London UK
- Department of Microbiology; Dental Institute; King's College London; London UK
| | - D. Clark
- Department of Microbiology; Dental Institute; King's College London; London UK
| | - T. Do
- Department of Microbiology; Dental Institute; King's College London; London UK
| | - S. C. Gilbert
- Department of Microbiology; Dental Institute; King's College London; London UK
| | - F. Foschi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; King's College London; London UK
| | - F. Mannocci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; King's College London; London UK
| | - D. Beighton
- Department of Microbiology; Dental Institute; King's College London; London UK
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Gopal S, Pooni J, Do T, Karimi A, Martinelli G. Validation of cardiac output from Mostcare compared with a pulmonary artery catheter in septic patients. Crit Care 2014. [PMCID: PMC4068186 DOI: 10.1186/cc13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Meyer L, Ghez AM, Schödel R, Yelda S, Boehle A, Lu JR, Do T, Morris MR, Becklin EE, Matthews K. The Shortest-Known–Period Star Orbiting Our Galaxy’s Supermassive Black Hole. Science 2012; 338:84-7. [PMID: 23042888 DOI: 10.1126/science.1225506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Meyer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA
| | - A. M. Ghez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA
| | - R. Schödel
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomia S/N, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - S. Yelda
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA
| | - A. Boehle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA
| | - J. R. Lu
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - T. Do
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USA
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3H4, Ontario, Canada
| | - M. R. Morris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA
| | - E. E. Becklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA
| | - K. Matthews
- Division of Mathematics, Physics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Dave N, Do T, Palfreyman D, Feron P. Impact of liquid absorption process development on the costs of post-combustion capture in Australian coal-fired power stations. Chem Eng Res Des 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2010.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Do T, Gilbert S, Klein J, Warren S, Wade W, Beighton D. Clonal structure of Streptococcus sanguinis strains isolated from endocarditis cases and the oral cavity. Mol Oral Microbiol 2011; 26:291-302. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1014.2011.00618.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Parolo C, Do T, Henssge U, Alves L, de Santana Giongo F, Corção G, Maltz M, Beighton D. Genetic diversity of Lactobacillus paracasei isolated from in situ human oral biofilms. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 111:105-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dave N, Do T, Palfreyman D, Feron P. Impact of post combustion capture of CO2 on existing and new Australian coal-fired power plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vaughan A, Singh S, Shih S, Do T. Therapy Related Leukemia: Separation of Toxicity from Leukemogenesis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pardo A, Do T, Ryder T, Schaeffer C, McMahon M, Wong B. P4.14 Combination of steroids and ischial weight-bearing KAFOs in DMD prolongs ambulation past 20 years of age — A case report. Neuromuscul Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2010.07.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Shafey M, Stewart D, Do T, Lupichuk S. Preference Of Patients And Physicians Concerning Treatment Options For Relapsed Follicular Lymphoma: A Discrete Choice Experiment. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Nguyen D, Vu L, Vu T, Nguyen A, Nguyen C, Vu P, Nguyen H, Nguyen H, Do T, Tran L. UP-2.147: Preoperative Assessment and Postoperative Evaluation of Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Le Tourneau C, Duran I, Chen E, Wang L, Tsao M, Hedley D, Phan N, Do T, Metser U, Siu L. 410 POSTER Phase I pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of the sorafenib (S) and erlotinib (E) combination in patients with advanced solid tumors. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)72344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Beighton D, Clark D, Hanakuka B, Gilbert S, Do T. The predominant cultivable Veillonella spp. of the tongue of healthy adults identified using rpoB sequencing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 23:344-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2007.00424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Detailed data on the distribution of Veillonella in caries-free and caries-active subjects are scarce. We hypothesized that the diversity of the genus would be lower in caries lesions than in plaque from caries-free individuals. The proportions of Veillonella were not significantly different in the two groups. All isolates (n = 1308) were genotyped by REP-PCR, and different genotypes (n = 170) were identified by 16S rRNA, dnaK, and rpoB sequencing. V. parvula, V. dispar, and V. atypica were in both groups, V. denticariosi only in caries lesions, and V. rogosae only from the caries-free individuals (p < 0.009). Lesions were more likely to harbor a single predominant species (p = 0.0018). The mean number of genotypes in the lesions was less than in the fissure (p < 0.001) or buccal (p = 0.011) sites. The Veillonella from caries-free sites were more diverse than those from caries lesions, and may be related to the acidic environment of caries lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arif
- King's College London Dental Institute, Infection Research Group, Floor 17, Guy's Tower, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Bradbury B, Do T, Rothman K, Critchlow C, Collins A, Brookhart M, Krishnan M, Acquavella J. 34: Adjustment for Exposure History and Important Confounders Markedly Attenuates Elevated Mortality Risk Associated with Epoetin Alfa (EPO) Dose. Am J Kidney Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Phan T, Meng A, Do T, Nicklee T, Ho J, Cole H, Sweet J, Hedley D, Bristow R. 85. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.07.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Do T, Stephens C, Townsend K, Wu X, Chapman T, Chin J, McCormick B, Bara M, Trott DJ. Rapid identification of virulence genes in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates associated with diarrhoea in Queensland piggeries. Aust Vet J 2005; 83:293-9. [PMID: 15957392 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2005.tb12745.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify virulence genes in enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC) isolates associated with diarrhoea in neonatal, 1 to 3 week-old and weaned pigs in southeast Queensland. DESIGN Multiplex PCR and serotyping were applied to E coli isolates obtained over a 5-year period (1998-2002) from cases diagnosed at Toowoomba Veterinary Laboratory. PROCEDURE A total of 126 isolates from 25 different Queensland piggeries were tested for haemolytic activity on 5% sheep blood agar and by multiplex PCR for the presence of five commonly recognised fimbrial (F4, F5, F6, F41 and F18) and three enterotoxin genes (STa, STb, LT). A subset of 62 representative isolates were serotyped by slide agglutination. For comparative purposes, multiplex PCR was also performed on the DNA of 31 ETEC isolates from 9 serotypes originating from piggeries in southern New South Wales. RESULTS A total of 113 (89.7%) of the isolates from Queensland possessed ETEC virulence genes, including 14 of 15 isolates from neonatal pigs (93.3%), 18 of 23 isolates from 1 to 3 week old pigs (78.3%) and 81 of 88 isolates from weaned pigs (92.1%). F4:STa:STb:LT (serotype O149) was the most prevalent pathotype in neonatal and 1-3 week old pigs and F4:STa:STb:LT (serotype O149) and F18:STa:STb:LT (serotype O141) were most prevalent in weaned pigs. In comparison, isolates obtained from neonatal pigs from New South Wales belonged to a more diverse range of pathotypes and serotypes. CONCLUSION Multiplex PCR was a rapid and specific method for detecting the presence of ETEC virulence genes in porcine E coli isolates. For isolates obtained from cases of suspected colibacillosis in Queensland, growth of a heavy pure culture of haemolytic E coli was a sensitive prognostic indicator of the presence of ETEC virulence genes in the isolate. ETEC pathotypes and serotypes remained stable in Queensland piggeries over the five-year study period and appear to have changed little over the last three decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Do
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072
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Hamata L, Hsieh T, de Lemos M, Levin A, Swenerton K, Vu T, Hu F, Conklin J, Taylor S, Do T. Evaluation of Cockcroft-Gault (CG) and abbreviated Modified Diet in Renal Disease Study (MDRD) formulas for carboplatin dosing in gynecological malignancies. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.2078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. Hamata
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T. Hsieh
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M. de Lemos
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A. Levin
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K. Swenerton
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T. Vu
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - F. Hu
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J. Conklin
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S. Taylor
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T. Do
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Univ of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Do T, McIntyre NS. Effects of temperature and Ar+ ion bombardment on the initial oxidation stages of polycrystalline aluminium with water vapour. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kanovsky M, Raffo A, Drew L, Rosal R, Do T, Friedman FK, Rubinstein P, Visser J, Robinson R, Brandt-Rauf PW, Michl J, Fine RL, Pincus MR. Peptides from the amino terminal mdm-2-binding domain of p53, designed from conformational analysis, are selectively cytotoxic to transformed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:12438-43. [PMID: 11606716 PMCID: PMC60072 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.211280698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2001] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have synthesized three peptides from the mdm-2 binding domain of human p53, residues 12-26 (PPLSQETFSDLWKLL), residues 12-20, and 17-26. To enable transport of the peptides across the cell membrane and at the same time to maximize the active mdm-2 binding alpha-helical conformation for these peptides, each was attached at its carboxyl terminus to the penetratin sequence, KKWKMRRNQFWVKVQRG, that contains many positively charged residues that stabilize an alpha-helix when present on its carboxyl terminal end. All three peptides were cytotoxic to human cancer cells in culture, whereas a control, unrelated peptide attached to the same penetratin sequence had no effect on these cell lines. The same three cytotoxic peptides had no effect on the growth of normal cells, including human cord blood-derived stem cells. These peptides were as effective in causing cell death in p53-null cancer cells as in those having mutant or normal p53. Peptide-induced cell death is not accompanied by expression of apoptosis-associated proteins such as Bax and waf(p21). Based on these findings, we conclude that the antiproliferative effects of these p53-derived peptides are not completely dependent on p53 activity and may prove useful as general anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kanovsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Harbor Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 800 Poly Place, Brooklyn, NY 11209, USA
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