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Piamjariyakul U, Smothers A, Young S, Morrissey E, Petitte T, Wen S, Zulfikar R, Sangani R, Shafique S, Smith CE, Bosak K. Verifying intervention fidelity procedures for a palliative home care intervention with pilot study results. Res Nurs Health 2021; 44:854-863. [PMID: 34196013 PMCID: PMC8440457 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fidelity (consistency of intervention implementation) is essential to rigorous research. Intervention fidelity maintains study internal validity, intervention reproducibility, and transparency in the research conduct. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe intervention fidelity strategies/procedures developed for a pilot study testing a new palliative care nursing intervention (FamPALcare) for families managing advanced lung disease. The procedures described herein are based on the fidelity best practices recommendations from the NIH Consortium. An evidence-based checklist guided observational ratings of the fidelity procedures used and the intervention content implemented in each intervention session. Descriptive data on how participants understood (received), enacted, or used the intervention information were summarized. The fidelity checklist observational scores found ≥93% of the planned intervention content was implemented, and the fidelity strategies were adhered to consistently during each intervention session. The small variation (7%) in implementation was expected and related to participants' varying experiences, input, and/or questions. The helpfulness scale items include participants' ability to use home care resources, to anticipate and manage end-of-life symptoms, and to use Advance Directive forms. The high ratings (M = 4.4) on the 1-5 (very helpful) Likert Helpfulness Scale verified participants utilized the information from the intervention. Furthermore, there was an improvement in patients' breathlessness scores and completion of Advance Directive forms at 3 months after baseline. It is essential to plan intervention fidelity strategies to use throughout a study and to report fidelity results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Morrissey
- West Virginia University, School of Nursing
- West Virginia University Hospital
| | | | - Sijin Wen
- West Virginia University, Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health
| | - Rafia Zulfikar
- West Virginia University, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine
| | - Rahul Sangani
- West Virginia University, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine
| | - Saima Shafique
- West Virginia University, Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health
| | - Carol E Smith
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Preventive Medicine
| | - Kelly Bosak
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing
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Piamjariyakul U, Keener TA, Smothers A, Young S, Shafique S, McDill S, Keech K, Petitte T, Pacheco C. Mentoring Undergraduate Nursing Students in Palliative Home Care Research. Teach Learn Nurs 2021; 16:423-428. [PMID: 34720774 PMCID: PMC8553230 DOI: 10.1016/j.teln.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Saima Shafique
- West Virginia University, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health
| | | | | | | | - Cinthia Pacheco
- West Virginia University, Office of Undergraduate Research, Honors College
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Piamjariyakul U, Shapiro AL, Wang K, Zulfikar R, Petitte T, Shafique S, Smith CE. Impact of Sleep Apnea, Daytime Sleepiness, Comorbidities, and Depression on Patients' Heart Failure Health Status. Clin Nurs Res 2021; 30:1222-1230. [PMID: 33978519 DOI: 10.1177/10547738211015545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
There is a gap in current research on common factors that impact patients with advanced heart failure (HF). The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to explore associations of those factors with three empirically verified measures of HF-related clinical, physical, and mental health status. Baseline data of 198 advanced systolic HF (EF < 40%) patients were analyzed. Patients were 61.6% male, with a mean age of 62.3 (SD = 13.2) years. The multivariable general linear modeling results indicated that patients who had poorer scores on HF-related clinical status were those who had sleep apnea (β = -6.6, p < .05), daytime sleepiness (β = -9.4, p < .01), four or more comorbidities (β = -11.8, p < .001), and depression (β = -18.7, p < .001). Depression was associated with all three measures of HF-related health status. These findings alert nurses to assess for sleep apnea and to use known screening measures for daytime sleepiness, depression, and comorbidities.
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Piamjariyakul U, Smothers A, Young S, Petitte T, Wen S, Morrissey E, Shafique S, Zulfikar R, Sangani R, Smith CE. Palliative care for rare advanced lung diseases in underserved Appalachia: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs 2020. [PMID: 32297352 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To pilot test a home end-of-life and palliative care intervention for family caregivers and patients with rare advanced lung diseases and to estimate effect-size for the power analysis in a future clinical trial. DESIGN This study uses a parallel randomized control trial. Families are randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group in a 1:1 fashion. METHODS The study population includes patients with rare advanced lung diseases and their family caregivers who are involved in patients' home care. The control group receives standard care through their hospital or outpatient clinics. The intervention group receives standard care plus 2-weekly home end-of-life and palliative care coaching by experienced community nurses. Primary outcome is breathlessness measured by shortness of breath scale. Secondary outcomes are: (a) caregivers' anxiety and depression measures; (b) the presence of patient's signed advance directives in the medical record or not; and (c) Helpfulness of intervention measured by self-report Helpfulness scale. The study was funded in October 2018 and received ethical Institutional Review Board approval in February 2019. DISCUSSION West Virginia has one of the highest incidence rates of lung disease deaths in the nation. However, there is inadequate home end-of-life and palliative care for this underserved population. This is an initial interventional study of nurse-led coaching home-based palliative care for rare advanced lung diseases in rural Appalachia. Developing research collaboration with clinicians is essential for enrolment. Enrolment was successful due to regular meetings with pulmonologists who screened patients per the study inclusion criteria in their specialty clinic and made direct referrals to the research assistants. Results of this study will be used in the future trial. IMPACT The findings will contribute to the evidence-based home nursing care, planning for family/patient preferences and supportive end-of-life palliative care for managing advanced lung diseases at home. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03813667; registered January 23, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03813667.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angel Smothers
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stephanie Young
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Trisha Petitte
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Saima Shafique
- Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Rafia Zulfikar
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Rahul Sangani
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Carol E Smith
- School of Nursing and School of Preventive Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Piamjariyakul U, Petitte T, Smothers A, Wen S, Morrissey E, Young S, Sokos G, Moss AH, Smith CE. Study protocol of coaching end-of-life palliative care for advanced heart failure patients and their family caregivers in rural appalachia: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Palliat Care 2019; 18:119. [PMID: 31884945 PMCID: PMC6936135 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-019-0500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) afflicts 6.5 million Americans with devastating consequences to patients and their family caregivers. Families are rarely prepared for worsening HF and are not informed about end-of-life and palliative care (EOLPC) conservative comfort options especially during the end stage. West Virginia (WV) has the highest rate of HF deaths in the U.S. where 14% of the population over 65 years have HF. Thus, there is a need to investigate a new family EOLPC intervention (FamPALcare), where nurses coach family-managed advanced HF care at home. METHODS This study uses a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design stratified by gender to determine any differences in the FamPALcare HF patients and their family caregiver outcomes versus standard care group outcomes (N = 72). Aim 1 is to test the FamPALcare nursing care intervention with patients and family members managing home supportive EOLPC for advanced HF. Aim 2 is to assess implementation of the FamPALcare intervention and research procedures for subsequent clinical trials. Intervention group will receive routine standard care, plus 5-weekly FamPALcare intervention delivered by community-based nurses. The intervention sessions involve coaching patients and family caregivers in advanced HF home care and supporting EOLPC discussions based on patients' preferences. Data are collected at baseline, 3, and 6 months. Recruitment is from sites affiliated with a large regional hospital in WV and community centers across the state. DISCUSSION The outcomes of this clinical trial will result in new knowledge on coaching techniques for EOLPC and approaches to palliative and end-of-life rural home care. The HF population in WV will benefit from a reduction in suffering from the most common advanced HF symptoms, selecting their preferred EOLPC care options, determining their advance directives, and increasing skills and resources for advanced HF home care. The study will provide a long-term collaboration with rural community leaders, and collection of data on the implementation and research procedures for a subsequent large multi-site clinical trial of the FamPALcare intervention. Multidisciplinary students have opportunity to engage in the research process. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04153890, Registered on 4 November 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubolrat Piamjariyakul
- West Virginia University, School of Nursing Health Sciences Center, Post Office Box 9600 - Office 6701, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9602, USA.
| | - Trisha Petitte
- West Virginia University, School of Nursing Health Sciences Center, Post Office Box 9600 - Office 6701, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9602, USA
| | - Angel Smothers
- West Virginia University, School of Nursing Health Sciences Center, Post Office Box 9600 - Office 6701, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9602, USA
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Elizabeth Morrissey
- West Virginia University, School of Nursing Health Sciences Center, Post Office Box 9600 - Office 6701, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9602, USA
| | - Stephanie Young
- West Virginia University, School of Nursing Health Sciences Center, Post Office Box 9600 - Office 6701, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9602, USA
| | - George Sokos
- Advanced Heart Failure, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, J.W. Ruby Memorial Hospital, Morgantown, USA
| | - Alvin H Moss
- Sections of Nephrology and Supportive Care, West Virginia University Center for Health Ethics and Law, Morgantown, USA
| | - Carol E Smith
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing and School of Preventive Medicine, Morgantown, USA
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Petitte T, Nichols A, Narsavage G. Cultural and Environmental Enablers and Barriers to Participation and Retention in Clinical Trials for Cancer Research. EC Pulmonol Respir Med 2019; 8:600-606. [PMID: 32090209 PMCID: PMC7034422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND West Virginia (WV) residents have often rejected participation in community-based cancer research studies. Nationally, 49% of eligible patients participate in clinical trials but less than 10% of patients in WV participate. OBJECTIVE To understand issues related to recruitment and retention of patients for cancer research in Appalachian WV. METHODS Data were obtained from 3 focus groups including: (1) 9 patients who participated in clinical cancer trials, (2) 8 cancer research nurse coordinators, and (3) 10 physicians involved in cancer research. Groups were audio-taped and transcriptions were analyzed using MAXQDA and results were verified by two co-investigators. RESULTS Most enablers and barriers identified were cultural as indicated by 72% of patients; 68% nurse coordinators; and 55% physicians. Patients identified personal emotional strength as an enabler, and negative health behaviors and fears as barriers. Enablers that nurses identified were positive patient characteristics and barriers included fear of trials, randomization, and death. Physicians identified enablers as a patient's understanding of the clinical trial and motivation to help others and the inverse of these two enablers as barriers. CONCLUSION A foundation for improving recruitment and retention of participants in cancer research in Appalachia was identified. The next step will involve cancer community organizations and patients in developing a plan to enhance enablers and overcome barriers to patient recruitment in cancer studies. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Cultural influences must be considered when recruiting for clinical trials. Community organizations educating the public about cancer research may be the key to enhancing patient enrollment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Petitte
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Allison Nichols
- Extension Service, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Georgia Narsavage
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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Mallow JA, Petitte T, Narsavage G, Barnes E, Theeke E, Mallow BK, Theeke LA. The Use of Video Conferencing for Persons with Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review. Ehealth Telecommun Syst Netw 2016; 5:39-56. [PMID: 29104830 PMCID: PMC5669274 DOI: 10.4236/etsn.2016.52005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present a systematic review of studies that used Video Conferencing (VC) intervention for common chronic conditions. Chronic conditions account for the majority of poor health, disability, and death, and for a major portion of health-care expenditures in the United States. Innovative methods and interventions are needed to enhance care and management, improve access to care, improve patient outcomes, narrow health disparities and reduce health-care costs. Video Conferencing could be particularly relevant in improving health, care management, access and cost in the care of chronic illnesses. A comprehensive literature search process guided by the PRISMA statement led to the inclusion of 27 articles measuring video conferencing, at least one chronic illness, and patient outcomes for adults living in a community setting. While VC has been found to be feasible and effective, a low number of randomized controlled trials limit evidence. In addition, studies in this review were not designed to address the question of whether access to care in rural areas is improved through VC. Hence, more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trisha Petitte
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Emily Barnes
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Elliott Theeke
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Laurie A Theeke
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Abstract
Loneliness is a prevalent and global problem for adult populations and has been linked to multiple chronic conditions in quantitative studies. This paper presents a systematic review of quantitative studies that examined the links between loneliness and common chronic conditions including: heart disease, hypertension, stroke, lung disease, and metabolic disorders. A comprehensive literature search process guided by the PRISMA statement led to the inclusion of 33 articles that measure loneliness in chronic illness populations. Loneliness is a significant biopsychosocial stressor that is prevalent in adults with heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and lung disease. The relationships among loneliness, obesity, and metabolic disorders are understudied but current research indicates that loneliness is associated with obesity and with psychological stress in obese persons. Limited interventions have demonstrated long-term effectiveness for reducing loneliness in adults with these same chronic conditions. Future longitudinal randomized trials that enhance knowledge of how diminishing loneliness can lead to improved health outcomes in persons with common chronic conditions would continue to build evidence to support the translation of findings to recommendations for clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Petitte
- West Virginia University School of Nursing, United State of America
| | - Jennifer Mallow
- West Virginia University School of Nursing, United State of America ; Robert Wood Johnson Nurse Faculty Scholar, United State of America
| | - Emily Barnes
- West Virginia University School of Nursing, United State of America
| | - Ashley Petrone
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia, United State of America ; Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, West Virginia, United State of America
| | - Taura Barr
- West Virginia University School of Nursing, United State of America ; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia, United State of America ; Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, West Virginia, United State of America ; Robert Wood Johnson Nurse Faculty Scholar, United State of America
| | - Laurie Theeke
- West Virginia University School of Nursing, United State of America ; Robert Wood Johnson Nurse Faculty Scholar, United State of America
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Pollard C, Bailey KA, Petitte T, Baus A, Swim M, Hendryx M. Electronic patient registries improve diabetes care and clinical outcomes in rural community health centers. J Rural Health 2009; 25:77-84. [PMID: 19166565 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2009.00202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diabetes care is challenging in rural areas. Research has shown that the utilization of electronic patient registries improves care; however, improvements generally have been described in combination with other ongoing interventions. The level of basic registry utilization sufficient for positive change is unknown. PURPOSE The goal of the current study was to examine differential effects of basic registry utilization on diabetes care processes and clinical outcomes according to level of registry use in a rural setting. METHODS Patients with diabetes (N = 661) from 6 Federally Qualified Health Centers in rural West Virginia were entered into an electronic patient registry. Data from pre- and post-registry were compared among 3 treatment and control groups that had different levels of registry utilization: low, medium, or high (for example, variations in the use of registry-generated progress notes examined at the point-of-care and in the accuracy of registry-generated summary reports to track patients' care). Data included care processes (annual exams, screens to promote wellness, education, and self-management goal-setting) and clinical outcomes (HbA1c, LDL, HDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure). FINDINGS The registry assisted in significantly improving 12 of 13 care processes and 3 of 6 clinical outcomes (HbA1c, LDL, cholesterol) for patients exposed to at least medium levels of registry utilization, but not for the controls. For example, the percent of patients who had received an annual eye exam at follow-up was 11%, 34%, and 38% for the low, medium, and high utilization groups, respectively; only the latter groups improved. CONCLUSIONS As an initial step to achieving control of diabetes, basic registry utilization may be sufficient to drive improvements in provider-patient care processes and in patient outcomes in rural clinics with few resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecil Pollard
- Office of Health Services Research, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W VA 26506-9190, USA
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McIe S, Petitte T, Pride L, Leeper D, Ostrow CL. Transparent film dressing vs pressure dressing after percutaneous transluminal coronary angiography. Am J Crit Care 2009; 18:14-9; quiz 20. [PMID: 19116400 DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2009949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressure dressings have been used as the standard following sheath removal after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in many institutions. Patients complain about discomfort while the dressing is in place, pain when the dressing is removed after discharge, and skin complications afterward. Many patients have experienced skin irritation where tape has been applied. Nurses have also described difficulty assessing the sheath insertion site in the groin when a pressure dressing is in place. OBJECTIVES To compare 3 different dressings with respect to effect on bleeding, discomfort voiced by patients, and ease of groin assessment in patients after percutaneous transluminal coronary angiography. METHODS A total of 100 patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: pressure dressing, transparent film dressing, or adhesive bandage. Outcome variables were bleeding, patient discomfort, and nurse-reported ease of observation of the groin site. RESULTS No bleeding occurred in patients with transparent film dressings or adhesive bandages. Patients rated these dressings significantly higher than they rated the pressure dressing. Because two-thirds of the sample had previously undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary angiography, they could compare their experience with the new dressing with previous experiences with pressure dressings. Nurses rated the ease of assessing the groin significantly higher for the transparent film and adhesive bandage dressings than for pressure dressings. CONCLUSIONS As a result of this study, a practice change was made hospital-wide: rather than a standard opaque pressure dressing, a transparent film dressing is used for all patients after removal of a femoral sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacie McIe
- Stacie McIe, Trisha Petitte, Lori Pride, and Donna Leeper are nurses at West Virginia University Hospitals, Ruby Memorial Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia. C. Lynne Ostrow is an associate professor at West Virginia University School of Nursing in Morgantown
| | - Trisha Petitte
- Stacie McIe, Trisha Petitte, Lori Pride, and Donna Leeper are nurses at West Virginia University Hospitals, Ruby Memorial Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia. C. Lynne Ostrow is an associate professor at West Virginia University School of Nursing in Morgantown
| | - Lori Pride
- Stacie McIe, Trisha Petitte, Lori Pride, and Donna Leeper are nurses at West Virginia University Hospitals, Ruby Memorial Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia. C. Lynne Ostrow is an associate professor at West Virginia University School of Nursing in Morgantown
| | - Donna Leeper
- Stacie McIe, Trisha Petitte, Lori Pride, and Donna Leeper are nurses at West Virginia University Hospitals, Ruby Memorial Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia. C. Lynne Ostrow is an associate professor at West Virginia University School of Nursing in Morgantown
| | - C. Lynne Ostrow
- Stacie McIe, Trisha Petitte, Lori Pride, and Donna Leeper are nurses at West Virginia University Hospitals, Ruby Memorial Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia. C. Lynne Ostrow is an associate professor at West Virginia University School of Nursing in Morgantown
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