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Saidel ML, Ananth U, Rose D, Farrell C. Non-Invasive prenatal testing with rolling circle amplification: Real-world clinical experience in a non-molecular laboratory. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24870. [PMID: 36972484 PMCID: PMC10156098 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) circulating in maternal blood provides a sensitive and specific screening technique for common fetal aneuploidies, but the high cost and workflow complexity of conventional methodologies limit its widespread implementation. A unique rolling circle amplification methodology reduces cost and complexity, providing a promising alternative for increased global accessibility as a first-tier test. METHODS In this clinical study, 8160 pregnant women were screened on the Vanadis system for trisomies 13, 18, and 21, and positive results were compared to clinical outcomes where available. RESULTS The Vanadis system yielded a 0.07% no-call rate, a 98% overall sensitivity, and a specificity of over 99% based on available outcomes. CONCLUSION The Vanadis system provided a sensitive, specific, and cost-effective cfDNA assay for trisomies 13, 18, and 21, with good performance characteristics and low no-call rate, and it eliminated the need for either next-generation sequencing or polymerase chain reaction amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Saidel
- Women's Health USA and Medical Director, Women's Health Connecticut, Rocky Hill, Connecticut, USA
| | - Uma Ananth
- Umagen LLC, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Donna Rose
- Women's Health Connecticut Laboratory, Rocky Hill, Connecticut, USA
| | - Cara Farrell
- Ancillary Growth Women's Health Connecticut, Rocky Hill, Connecticut, USA
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Kandasamy R, White E, Strycharz JP, Hansen S, Hamby C, Waterhouse S, Salkeld A, Mannke K, Valliere C, Phillips S, Ramaraj N, Stanley C, Ananth U, Deochand S, Veksler R, Lauterman T, Afterman D, Tavassoly I, Oklander B, Zviran A. Lab validation of an ultrasensitive ctDNA pan-cancer MRD assay using whole-genome sequencing. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e13582 Background: Minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring using liquid biopsy for solid tumors requires a highly sensitive and specific assay that can overcome the limitation of low abundance cfDNA in a standard blood draw. We developed a whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based assay to detect the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in plasma. The C2i assay is a tumor-informed assay that uses personalized tumor signature, advanced noise models, and artificial intelligence (AI) modalities to interrogate plasma for the presence of ctDNA longitudinally. Methods: The C2i test was developed in accordance with CAP/CLIA and New York state validation principles. We used contrived samples to establish analytical validation of the assay performance, which was then validated with a large clinical cohort of early-stage patients across various cancer types. Briefly, aggregated tumor signatures derived from cancer cell lines were fragmented and spiked into a contrived healthy plasma pool; the mixed samples were used to assess the presence of tumor DNA signature down to tumor fractions of 10e-4. Positive samples are identified by tumor-derived variants detected above the noise levels. Noise modeling was established using a panel of normal (PON) approach. We assessed the analytical sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy using 348 contrived samples derived from five different cancer cell lines. Reproducibility and precision were assessed with multiple replicates, and statistical concordance was reported. This validation was complemented by a cohort of 200 patients and ̃1000 plasma samples across a variety of cancer types including, NSCLC, MIBC, CRC, GBM, Breast Cancer, and a mixture of other cancer types. Results: Cancer cell lines, representing the five most prevalent disease indications, used for determining analytical sensitivity are as follows: CRC HT-29, Breast SK-BR3, Bladder HT-1376, Lung HCI-H526, and Prostate LNCaP. The cell line DNA was enzymatically fragmented and size-selected to mimic ctDNA. This ctDNA was spiked into cfDNA extracted from healthy volunteers at various dilution levels, varying from 10e0 to 10e-4. The 95% probability of detecting ctDNA was established at 10e-4. The reproducibility of tumor signature between replicates was assessed to be greater than 90%. The assay was performed using both normal and maximum input amounts. These performance estimates were then validated on a cohort of plasma collected from early-stage (stage I-III) patients across various cancer types. Conclusions: C2i MRD test is an ultrasensitive pan-cancer MRD monitoring assay used in several clinical trials across the world. We present an extensive analytical and clinical validation of the assay supporting its high performance.
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Holmes SE, O'Hearn EE, McInnis MG, Gorelick-Feldman DA, Kleiderlein JJ, Callahan C, Kwak NG, Ingersoll-Ashworth RG, Sherr M, Sumner AJ, Sharp AH, Ananth U, Seltzer WK, Boss MA, Vieria-Saecker AM, Epplen JT, Riess O, Ross CA, Margolis RL. Expansion of a novel CAG trinucleotide repeat in the 5' region of PPP2R2B is associated with SCA12. Nat Genet 1999; 23:391-2. [PMID: 10581021 DOI: 10.1038/70493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Chlorpromazine, a cationic amphiphilic drug known to affect phospholipid metabolism, greatly increases the generation of inositol phosphates in C6 glioma cells. When a pulse-chase protocol with myo-[2-3H]inositol as the radioactive precursor was used, the peak increase in radioactivity of inositol phosphates was observed at 20 min. The drug decreased inositol tetrakisphosphate labeling as a percentage of inositol trisphosphate in a dose-dependent manner. It also increased the labeling of the inositol-containing phospholipids, the precursors of the inositol phosphates. The increase in radioactivity of both phospholipids and inositol phosphates was dose-dependent, but appeared also to be a function of the time of exposure of the cultures to the drug, suggesting that the concentration of chlorpromazine in the cell, and not that in the medium, is the critical factor. The optimum concentration for maximum phospholipid labeling was lower than that eliciting maximum generation of inositol phosphates. The data suggest that the mechanism probably does not involve cell-surface receptors, but rather may consist of a direct effect of chlorpromazine on phosphoinositidase C and possibly other enzymatic reactions concerned with the metabolism of inositol phosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Leli
- Ralph Lowell Laboratories, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02178
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Abstract
Thirty-two patients with Rh-immunized pregnancies had amniocenteses between 16 and 20 weeks' gestation. Serial amniotic fluid values of delta optical density at 450 nm were studied to predict the severity of Rh disease. A value greater than 0.15 indicated severe Rh immunization. Values less than 0.09 indicated mild or no Rh disease; delta optical density at 450 nm between 0.09 and 0.15 require further evaluation to determine the trend. Midtrimester amniocentesis is a simple technique that helps to determine which patients may or may not require fetal blood sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Ananth
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C. 20007
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