Probabilistically Perfect Cloning of Two Pure States: Geometric Approach.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016;
116:200401. [PMID:
27258856 DOI:
10.1103/physrevlett.116.200401]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We solve the long-standing problem of making n perfect clones from m copies of one of two known pure states with minimum failure probability in the general case where the known states have arbitrary a priori probabilities. The solution emerges from a geometric formulation of the problem. This formulation reveals that cloning converges to state discrimination followed by state preparation as the number of clones goes to infinity. The convergence exhibits a phenomenon analogous to a second-order symmetry-breaking phase transition.
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