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Bononi A, Wang Q, Zolondick AA, Bai F, Steele-Tanji M, Suarez JS, Pastorino S, Sipes A, Signorato V, Ferro A, Novelli F, Kim JH, Minaai M, Takinishi Y, Pellegrini L, Napolitano A, Xu R, Farrar C, Goparaju C, Bassi C, Negrini M, Pagano I, Sakamoto G, Gaudino G, Pass HI, Onuchic JN, Yang H, Carbone M. BAP1 is a novel regulator of HIF-1α. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217840120. [PMID: 36656861 PMCID: PMC9942908 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217840120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BAP1 is a powerful tumor suppressor gene characterized by haplo insufficiency. Individuals carrying germline BAP1 mutations often develop mesothelioma, an aggressive malignancy of the serosal layers covering the lungs, pericardium, and abdominal cavity. Intriguingly, mesotheliomas developing in carriers of germline BAP1 mutations are less aggressive, and these patients have significantly improved survival. We investigated the apparent paradox of a tumor suppressor gene that, when mutated, causes less aggressive mesotheliomas. We discovered that mesothelioma biopsies with biallelic BAP1 mutations showed loss of nuclear HIF-1α staining. We demonstrated that during hypoxia, BAP1 binds, deubiquitylates, and stabilizes HIF-1α, the master regulator of the hypoxia response and tumor cell invasion. Moreover, primary cells from individuals carrying germline BAP1 mutations and primary cells in which BAP1 was silenced using siRNA had reduced HIF-1α protein levels in hypoxia. Computational modeling and co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that mutations of BAP1 residues I675, F678, I679, and L691 -encompassing the C-terminal domain-nuclear localization signal- to A, abolished the interaction with HIF-1α. We found that BAP1 binds to the N-terminal region of HIF-1α, where HIF-1α binds DNA and dimerizes with HIF-1β forming the heterodimeric transactivating complex HIF. Our data identify BAP1 as a key positive regulator of HIF-1α in hypoxia. We propose that the significant reduction of HIF-1α activity in mesothelioma cells carrying biallelic BAP1 mutations, accompanied by the significant reduction of HIF-1α activity in hypoxic tissues containing germline BAP1 mutations, contributes to the reduced aggressiveness and improved survival of mesotheliomas developing in carriers of germline BAP1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bononi
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Qian Wang
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Alicia A. Zolondick
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI96822
| | - Fang Bai
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Mika Steele-Tanji
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Joelle S. Suarez
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Sandra Pastorino
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Abigail Sipes
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | | | - Angelica Ferro
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Flavia Novelli
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Michael Minaai
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI96822
| | - Yasutaka Takinishi
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Laura Pellegrini
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Andrea Napolitano
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Ronghui Xu
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Christine Farrar
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Chandra Goparaju
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Cristian Bassi
- Department of Translational Medicine LTTA Centre University of Ferrara, Ferrara44121, Italy
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Translational Medicine LTTA Centre University of Ferrara, Ferrara44121, Italy
| | - Ian Pagano
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Greg Sakamoto
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Giovanni Gaudino
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Harvey I. Pass
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University, New York, NY10016
| | - José N. Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Haining Yang
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
| | - Michele Carbone
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813
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Bononi A, Yang H, Giorgi C, Patergnani S, Pellegrini L, Su M, Xie G, Signorato V, Pastorino S, Morris P, Sakamoto G, Kuchay S, Gaudino G, Pass HI, Napolitano A, Pinton P, Jia W, Carbone M. Germline BAP1 mutations induce a Warburg effect. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:1694-1704. [PMID: 28665402 PMCID: PMC5596430 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Carriers of heterozygous germline BAP1 mutations (BAP1+/−) develop cancer. We studied plasma from 16 BAP1+/− individuals from 2 families carrying different germline BAP1 mutations and 30 BAP1 wild-type (BAP1WT) controls from these same families. Plasma samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS), ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQ-MS), and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). We found a clear separation in the metabolic profile between BAP1WT and BAP1+/− individuals. We confirmed the specificity of the data in vitro using 12 cell cultures of primary fibroblasts we derived from skin punch biopsies from 12/46 of these same individuals, 6 BAP1+/− carriers and 6 controls from both families. BAP1+/− fibroblasts displayed increased aerobic glycolysis and lactate secretion, and reduced mitochondrial respiration and ATP production compared with BAP1WT. siRNA-mediated downregulation of BAP1 in primary BAP1WT fibroblasts and in primary human mesothelial cells, led to the same reduced mitochondrial respiration and increased aerobic glycolysis as we detected in primary fibroblasts from carriers of BAP1+/− mutations. The plasma and cell culture results were highly reproducible and were specifically and only linked to BAP1 status and not to gender, age or family, or cell type, and required an intact BAP1 catalytic activity. Accordingly, we were able to build a metabolomic model capable of predicting BAP1 status with 100% accuracy using data from human plasma. Our data provide the first experimental evidence supporting the hypothesis that aerobic glycolysis, also known as the ‘Warburg effect’, does not necessarily occur as an adaptive process that is consequence of carcinogenesis, but rather that it may also predate malignancy by many years and facilitate carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bononi
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Haining Yang
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Morphology-Surgery-Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Department of Morphology-Surgery-Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Pellegrini
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Mingming Su
- Metabolomics Unit, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Guoxiang Xie
- Metabolomics Unit, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Valentina Signorato
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.,Department of Morphology-Surgery-Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sandra Pastorino
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Paul Morris
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Greg Sakamoto
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Shafi Kuchay
- Cancer Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Giovanni Gaudino
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Harvey I Pass
- Cancer Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Andrea Napolitano
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology-Surgery-Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Wei Jia
- Metabolomics Unit, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Michele Carbone
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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