Isotopic Thermal Diffusion Factors for Helium and Neon at Low Temperatures

With an all-metal “swing separator” having unique features, thermal diffusion factors αT for He3/He4 and Ne20Ne22 have been measured with improved accuracy down to average gas temperatures T̅=136°K. For helium αT is 0.0696 ± 0.0010 at 136°K, dropping gradually to 0.0651 ±0.0010 at 313°K. These data, plus measurements by Van der Valk and de Vries at somewhat higher temperatures, agree best with values predicted by an exp-six intermolecular potential with ε/k=9.16 and α=12.7. We are extending these helium measurements down to T=4°K for the lower temperature, to detect if possible quantum corrections to the intermolecular potential. For neon αT increases from 0.0166 ± 0.0010 at 136°K to 0.0233 ± 0.0020 at 310°K, considerably higher than our previously reported values. These T. D. factors for neon are in good agreement with values calculated from an exp-six potential with ε/k = 46.0 ± 0.6 and α=13.

Blood freezing to nearly absolute zero temperature: -272.29 degrees C

Human erythrocytes were collected in ACD anticoagulant, glycerolized with an equal volume of 8.6 M glycerol, 8 percent glucose, 1 percent fructose, and 0.3 percent Na2 EDTA solution, sealed in glass ampules, and frozen to -272.29 degrees C (0.86 degrees K) in liquid helium under high vacuum. Biological assays performed after thawing and three-stage dialysis to remove the glycerol showed less than 1 percent hemolysis. Intracellular potassium, 2,3 DPG, and ATP were within the normal range.

The management of bleeding acute gastric erosions: the role of gastric hypothermia

Eighty-eight consecutive patients with bleeding acute gastric erosions were reviewed with the aid of a computer. Of the eroisons, 31-8 per cent were related to the ingestion of ulcerogenic drugs and 40-9 per cent were associated with surgery and sepsis. The overall mortality was 20-5 per cent. Endoscopy was the most effective diagnostic examination. Conservative management was effective in the treatment of bleeding erosions due to the ingestion of ulcerogenic drugs. Gastric cooling successfully arrested haemorrhage from bleeding erosions due to surgery and sepsis.